Trade Directories for Burwell

NEWMARKET
WITH THE VILLAGE OF BURWELL, & NEIGHBOURHOODS

"BURWELL is a large and populous village and parish, in the hundred of Staploe; 13 miles from Cambridge, six from Soham, and three miles east of Newmarket. This village is memorable from a dreadful event which happened on the 8th of September, 1727, by the taking fire of a barn, in which there were assembled a great number of persons to see a puppet-show. [see 1851 below]

This village possesses a very great ornament in its beautiful church, which is built in the Gothic style, and is scarcely excelled by any village church in the kingdom; it is dedicated to St. Mary; the Rev. James Johnson Baines is the present rector.

A very extensive business is carried on here in the making of malt, and the timber trade is also of considerable importance. Burwell parish contained, in 1821, a population of 1,518 inhabitants.

POST OFFICE, Burwell, - Letters from all parts arrive by foot post, from Newmarket, every day at twelve, and are despatched to that town every morning at eight."

Parish Clerk
RICHARDSON Robert

Nobility, Gentry & Clergy
BAINES Rev. Jno Johnson
BUCKPIT Rev. James
DOGGETT Jeremiah, gent.
DUNN Mrs. Ann

Academies & Schools
BAYLY Michael
CASBURN Robert

Bakers & Flour Dealers
CARTER Oliver
POWELL Thomas

Blacksmiths
FITCHES John
IVERSON John

Boot & Shoe Makers
BARNES Catherine
HUNT John
MASON Joseph

Bricklayers &c.
GARDNER Stephen jnr.

Builders
EASTWELL John
FAIRCLIFF William

Butchers
FRANCIS William
FULLER Thomas

Carpenters & Joiners
BRIDGEMAN William (& wheelwright)
DANBY William (& wheelwright)
EAS[T]WELL John
FAIRCLIFF William
MARTIN Henry (& wheelwright)

Coal Merchants
BALL Edward
PIPER Stephen (& Newmarket)
SHELVERTON William

Coopers
EATON Thomas

Corn Merchants
BALL Edward (& seed)

Grocers & Tea Dealers
DAWSON William (& Linen Draper)
EDMUND William (& Linen Draper)
EVERITT John (& Linen Draper)
LE PLA Joseph (& Linen Draper)
MILLER James (& Linen Draper)
MUNNS Elizabeth (& Linen Draper)
PETTENGALL Ann (& Linen Draper)

Lime Burners
ARBER John
GARDNER Stephen jnr.

Maltsters
DUNN Salisbury
FOSTER Richard & Son (offices at Cambridge)
HALL James & John
SHELVERTON William

Millers & Mealmen
CARTER Oliver
CASBURN Robert
DANBY David
SHELVERTON William

Painters, Plumbers & Glaziers
CHAPPELL Charles
DANBY Robt.

Surgeons & Apothecaries
HANDCOCK Charles

Tailors & Drapers
DAVEY John
DAVEY John jnr.

Taverns & Public Houses
GREEN Jonathan, "Anchor"
BRIDGEMAN John, "Rose"
CARTER Oliver, "White Horse"
DANBY William, "Fox"

Timber Merchants
BALL Edward
PIPER Stephen

Miscellaneous
ADAMS Robert, Glover
HOBBS James, Boat Builder
NORMAN James, Collar Maker

Carriers
To Cambridge:
PALMER Stephen, from Burwell every Saturday morning

Mill for grinding malt beans, peas, oats or barley, c.1828

BURWELL

ABBOTT John ........... parish clerk
ADAMS Robert .......... glover
ARBER John ............ lime burner
BAINES Rev. J. J. ..... vicar
BALL E. ............... miller & malster & coal
                        & timber merchant
BLOOM Charles ......... butcher
BOURNE J. ............. shoemaker
BRIDGEMAN John ........ "The Rose"
BRIDGEMAN William ..... carpenter & wheelwright
CARTER Oliver ......... "White Horse"
CASBURN Robert ........ grocer & linendraper
DANBY David ........... miller
DANBY Robert .......... plumber & painter
DANBY William ......... "The Fox"
DAVEY John ............ tailor
DAWSON William ........ grocer & linendraper
DUNN Salisbury ........ maltster
DURRANT J. ............ "The Anchor"
EASTWILL William ...... carpenter
EATON Thomas & John ... coopers
EDMUND William ........ grocer & linendraper
FAIRCLIFF William ..... carpenter
FORDHAM J. ............ beer retailer

 
 
FOSTER, Richard & Son . maltsters
FULLER Thomas ......... retail brewer
FULLER Thomas ......... butcher
GARDNER Stephen jnr. .. lime burner
GARDEN Stephen ........ bricklayer
HALL James & John ..... maltsters
HILLS George .......... blacksmith
HOBBS James ........... boat builder
HUNT John ............. shoemaker
IVERSON John .......... blacksmith
LE PLA Joseph ......... brewer, grocer
                        & linendraper
LUCAS Thomas .......... surgeon
MARTIN Henry .......... carpenter & wheelwright
MASON Joseph .......... shoemaker
MUNN Eliz. ............ grocer & linendraper
NORMAN James .......... collar & harness maker
PHILLIPS Charles ...... timber merchant
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
SHELVERTON William .... miller & coal merchant

POST OFFICE
BAILEY Michael ........ post master
Letters arrive & are dispatched at 8 morn.

Country pursuit, c.1841

BURWELL PARISH

This extensive parish, which includes a part of the hamlet of Reach, contains 6,505 acres, and its boundaries are principally formed by the hundred of Staine on the S. and SW., the parish of Wicken on the N., and Landwade, Exning (a part of the county of Suffolk), and Newmarket on the E. Its population in 1801 was 1,250; in 1831, 1,66[8]; and in 1841, 1,820, including 115 who resided at Reach. The amount of property as assessed to the property-tax in 1815, was £5,420. The soil of the northern part of the parish is a black loam, with a chalk subsoil on the southern part; good crops of wheat, oats, and peas are generally obtained, and the parish is noted for the growth of seed wheat, which is forwarded to all parts of the kingdom, as well as for its excellent clunch quarries. The principal proprietors are the Misses Harwood, the Crown, Messrs. Edw. Ball, Joseph Mason, Hy. Mason, and the Jockey Club; a part of the Newmarket race course being in the parish. A navigable draining cut comes up to Burwell and Reach and enters the Cam at Upware.

Manors - King Edgar and Elfiure de Langyath gave a large estate here to the abbey of Ramsey, which, upon the dissolution of that house, was granted to Sir Edward North. After possessing it for a few years, Sir Edward surrendered it again to the Crown, under which it has since been held on lease except during the protectorate of Cromwell, when it was sold to Richard Ashfield and others, and the manor-house to Justinian Povey. The present lessee under the Crosn, of Ramsey manor is Mr. Robert Johnson. The manor of Tiptofts, which derives its name from the baronial family of Tibetot or Tiptoft, who possessed it as early as the year 1227, before which time it belonged to the family of Camois, was; in the reign of queen Elizabeth, in the hands of Sir Thomas Lovell, who inherited it from the Tiptofts. In 1632, it was in the family of Marshe, and another manor called Dullinghams was in the Cromwells; these two passed afterwards in marriage with the daughter of Charles, duke of Somerset, to the earl of Aylsford, and they are now in the possession of the Misses Harwood, of Ely. Another manor here called St. Omers, which, in 1632, belonged to the Goodwin family, has since been in that of Isaacson, and is now the property of the Misses Harwood and others.

Burwell Castle - In a close a short distance from the west-end of the church stood a castle, which was built before the conquest and appears to have belonged to the abbey of Ramsey, being situated within the Ramsey manor. This castle was besieged in the reign of king Stephen, in the war between that monarch and the empress Matilda, by Geoffrey de Mandeville, earl of Essex, who lost his life by a wound from an arrow before its walls. The remains are an oblong mount, 80 paces long and 50 wide, at the NE. corner of which stands a fragment of the wall of the castle, built of clunch. The castle was surrounded by a moat now quite fry.

The Village of Burwell, - which is about 2 miles in length, and consists principally of one street, pretty closely built, stands about 4 miles NW. from Newmarket. A most deplorable accident happened here on the evening of the 8th of September, 1727, whereby 78 persons lost their lives. A multitude of people being assembled in a thatched barn to witness a puppet show, it caught fire through the negligence of a servant who set a candle and lantern too near a heap of straw in an adjoining stable, or as some believed through the malice of the same servant, who was refused admittance to the exhibition without the payment of a penny, the price of admission. The door of the barn had been so constructed as to open nwardly; added to this it had been nailed up to keep the crowd off, and the pressure of the people within rendered escape by it impossible until it was destroyed by the crowd without. ...the record of this calamity in the parish register,

"When it was opened, the passage was so narrow, and everybody so impatient to escape, that the door was presently blocked up; and most of those who did escape, which were but very few, were forced to crawl over the heads and bodies of those that lay on a heap at the door, and the rest, in number 76, perished instantly, and two more died of their wounds with two days."

The heart-rending scene at day-break on the morning after the fire was indescribable. The relations of the unhappy sufferers flocking thither to find and own the bodies, some of their husbands, some of wives, parents or children, for there was scarcely a family in the town but had lost some member of it; and the difficulty of identifying them ws great, as some had lost their heads, some their hands and arms, and others were almost burnt to ashes. Most of the mangled bodies were carried in carts and buried together in one large grave in the church-yard. Among the sufferers were several young gentlewomen of considerable fortunes, and the master of the show. The servant, Richard Whitaker, who caused this destructive fire was a native of Hadstock, in Essex, near Linton, he was tried for the act at the assizes held at Cambridge, in the following March, and acquitted.

There were formerly two Churcheshere, of one of which, that of Burwell St. Andrew, there are no remains, but its site, a piece of pasture land in the village, is called the old church-yard. The other Church at the southern extremity of the village is dedicated to St. Mary, and is an exceedingly beautiful edifice. It consists of a lofty nave and side aisles, N. and S. porches, chancel, and a fine western tower containing a peal of five bells. This handsome gothic structure appears to have been erected about the middle of the 17th century; the wall between the nave and chancel, and the roof of the nave were completed in 1464 at the expence of the Bennet family, as appears by an inscription still remaining in the church. The nave has clustered pillars and pointed arches on the piers between the windows; the windows are of noble dimensions; the tower is embrasured and adorned with elegant pinnacles; the fittings up and decorations of the interior are greatly to be admired, and for symmetry and fair proportion this structure is scarcely exceeded by any village church in the kingdom. In the chancel are monuments of the Gerard family, dated 1608: of the Cottons, dated 1600, and of the Russells, dated 1663. The benefice is a vicarage in the deanery of Fordham, formerly in the diocese of Norwich, but now of Ely. It is in the patronage of the university of Cambridge, and incumbency of the Rev. J. J. Baines, M.A. The value is now returned at £335, nett per annum. Pursuant to a covenant in the deed of conveyance of the advowson to the university, a sermon is annually preached in this church on Midlent Sunday, by the Vice-chancellor or his deputy. The tithes have been commuted. The Vicarage House is a neat residence.

The Independent Chapel, erected about 50 years since, is a large commodious building, capable of seating about 500 persons. This congregation was formed in 1747. The Rev. Abel Rd. Philps is the present minister. The Baptist Chapel, built a few years since, is a neat building to accommodate about 200 hearers; and there is a small Wesleyan Chapel also here.

The British School, a neat brick building erected in 1846, affords instruction to about 140 children; twelve children are taught free at a school held in the old work-house, for which the master recives £12. per annum out of the charities of the parish. For the Charities which are considerable, see the table prefixed to this hundred.

Reach, is a hamlet 1 mile west from Burwell, which is partly in this parish, and partly in that of Swaffham Prior. As has been shewn [previously in the Directory], William the Conqueror caused a military fortress to be erected at Reach, for the defence of his throne, against the rebellious Saxon nobles, assembled in the "Camp of Refuge" in the Isle of Ely. The Devil's Ditch terminates here. The site of the ancient chapel here, some remains of which are still to be seen, is in Burwell parish. It is probable that the weekly market which was anciently held at Reach, originated in the grant to Robert Tiptoft, to hold a market on Wednesdays and a fair for 15 days to begin on Whit-Monday, within his manor of Burwell."

[Reach: also Reche]

ARBER Miss Mary
BAINES Rev. James Johnson, M.A., vicar
LUCAS Thomas, surgeon
PHILPS Rev. Abel Richard, (Independent)

Farmers
ADAMS Willia .......... Reach
BALL Edward
BALL Richard
BALL Thomas T. ........ (& miller)
GALLY John ............ Reach
JOHNSON Henry
JOHNSON Mary
JOHNSON Robert
MASON Henry
MASON John ............ Reach
MASON Joseph snr.
SMITH John

Traders
ANDREWS Henry ......... merchant
ARBER Benjamin ........ shoemaker
BOWES Joseph .......... shoemaker
BRIDGMAN John ......... victualler, "Rose"
BRIDGMAN Rt. .......... beer retailer
BRIDGMAN Wm. .......... wheelwright
BURLING Thomas ........ tailor
CARTER J. ............. victualler, "White Horse"
CARTER Oliver ......... miller & beer retailer
CASBURN H. ............ beer retailer
CLARK Sarah ........... victualler, "Ship", Reach
CRACK John ............ bricklayer
DANBY John ............ miller
DANBY William ......... victualler, "Fox",
                        (& carpenter)

DANBY Henry ........... wheelwright,
                        & victualler, "Anchor"
DAVEY John ............ tailor
DAWSON W. ............. grocer & draper
DISON John ............ beer retailed
EDMONDS Wm. ........... shopkeeper
FAIRCLIFFE James ...... beer retailer
FAIRCLIFFE John E. .... carpenter
GARDNER Stephen ....... bricklayer
GREEN Henry ........... beer retailer
G[AY]VER J. ........... grocer & draper
HARDING Wm. ........... coal merchant
HIGHAM James .......... tailor
HILLS George .......... blacksmith
HOBBS James ........... boat builder
HUNT Charles .......... victualler, "Five Bells"
HUNT George ........... saddler, &c.
HUNT Robert ........... shoemaker
LEPLA Joseph .......... grocer & draper, & agent to
                        the Royal Farmers & General
                        Fire Insurance Company
MARTIN Henry .......... wheelwright
MEDBURY John .......... schoolmaster
PETTINGALE T. ......... wheelwright
PIKE Henry ............ millwright, &c.
PLAICE Murrell ........ tailor
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
POULTON Jane .......... schoolmistress
REDDICK Lewis ......... miller
RIDGELL Wm. ........... waterman
SCARR Abraham ......... brazier
SHAW Jonathan ......... shopkeeper
WEBB Eliz. S. ......... shopkeeper

Letters are received through the Newmarket Post Office.

Horse-drawn plough c.1856,         & horse-drawn hoe c.1870

BURWELL, WITH SWAFFHAM PRIOR & SWAFFHAM BULBECK

BURWELL
The malting business is carried on here somewhat extensively, the timber trade is likewise of some importance, and there are several flour and meal mills. ... Population in the parish, in 1831, 1,668, and in 1841, 1,820.

SWAFFHAM PRIOR,
is a parish in the hundred of Taine — the village is situated 2 miles s. by W.___. of Burwell, in an agricultural district, noted for its growth of red wheat. In this village are two churches — the one dedicated to Saint Cyrie (or Saint Cyr___) and the other to St. Mary; the latter has long been in ruins: they are both in the same churchyard. The living of the parish is a vicarage, in the alternate patronage of the Bishop, and the Dean and Chapter of Ely; the present incumbent is the Rev. Joseph Maddy. There is a charity school conducted upon the national ___. Population of the parish, in 1831, 1,102, and in 1841, 1,226.

About one mile from, and in the same hundred as the above village is SWAFFHAM BULBECK. From the river Cam, which partly bounds the parish, there is a branch called Swaffham Lode, navigable to the village. The church is dedicated to Saint Mary: the living is a discharged vicarage, in the patronage of the Bishop of Ely; the Rev. Leonard Jenyns is the present incumbent. A charity school was founded here in 1721, by Mrs. Frances Towers, and endowed with £50 per annum. the remains of a Benedictine nunnery are visible here. Population of the parish in 1831, 727, and in 1841, 806.

POST
BURWELL, Receiving House, at Susannah BAYLEY's — Letters arrive every morning at a quarter before nine, and are despatched at six in the evening.
SWAFFHAM PRIOR, Receiving House, at Thomas PALMBYs — Letters arrive every morning at half-past nine, and are despatched at half-past five in the evening.
SWAFFHAM BULBECK, Receiving House, at Joseph HILL's — Letters arrive every morning at ten, and are despatched at five in the afternoon.
* All letters connected with the above places arrive from and are despatched through the NEWMARKET office.

GENTRY & CLERGY
ALIX Mrs. Maria, Swaffham Prior
ARCHER Mrs. Mary, Burwell
BAINES Rev. John Johnstone, Burwell
CHAMBERS Samuel, Esq. Swaffham Bulbeck
G[OBLIN] Mrs. Mary Ann, Swaffham Bulbeck
JENYNS RevL Leonard, Vicarage, Swaffham Bulbeck
LUCAS Thomas, surgeon, Burwell
MADDY Rev. Joseph, Swaffham Prior
PL__PS Rev. Abel Richard, Burwell
PR__ST Mr. William, Burwell
PRESTON Mr. Wm. Swaffham Prior
W[ILKINSON] Isaac Herbert, Esq. Swaffham Prior
WI___ Mr. William, Burwell

SCHOOLS
BRITISH SCHOOL (boys and girls),
   Burwell—Jane POULTON, mistress
FEOFFEES' SCHOOL (boys and girls),
   Burwell—Samuel DRIVER, master;
          —Elizabeth WYATT, mistress
NATIONAL SCHOOL (boys and girlS),
   Swaffham Bulbeck—Joseph HILL, master
                   —Sarah HILL, mistress

BAKERS & FLOUR DEALERS
BAILEY Matthew, Swaffham Bulbeck
POWELL Thomas, Burwell
WEBB George, Swaffham Prior

BLACKSMITHS
B[ILLS] George, Burwell
B___LEY Robert, Burwell
IVERSON John, Burwell
STEVENS Sarah, Swaffham Bulbeck
WATERS Thomas, Swaffham Prior

BOOT & SHOE MAKERS
ARBER Benjamin, Burwell
BARNES Francis, Burwell
BARNES William, Saffron Prior
BOWERS Edward, Burwell
BRANWHITE William, Burwell
CRANE John, Burwell
DAY John, Swaffham Prior
DAY Samuel, Swaffham Prior
DOWNSON Chas., Swaffham Bulbeck
HUNT John, Burwell
MASON John, Swaffham Bulbeck
POMFREY William, Swaffham Bulbeck

BRICKLAYERS
ADAMS Philip, Saffron Prior
GARDINER Stephen, Burwell
HUNT Thomas, Swaffham Bulbeck
WA__ING John, Saffron Prior
WATLING William, Swaffham Bulbeck

BUTCHERS
BRIDGEMAN Joseph, Burwell
FE___S Urban, Swaffham Prior
G___TON John, Swaffham Prior
JEFFERY CHas. Reuben, Swaffham Prior
PEACHEY Robert, Burwell

CARPENTERS & WHEELWRIGHTS
BRIDGEMAN William, Burwell
COOK Sanderson, Saffron Prior
D__BY William, Burwell
D__EY Henry, Burwell
FAIRCLIFF Edward, Burwell
MARTIN Henry, Burwell
PALMBY Fras. Danby, Swaffham Prior
POTTENGELL William, Burwell
STEVENS Henry, Swaffham Bulbeck
STEVENS Sarah, Swaffham Bulbeck
WEBB John, Swaffham Bulbeck

COAL & CORN MERCHANTS
ANDREWS Henry jun., Burwell
BALL Edward, Burwell
ELLIS John (and timber), Swaffham Bulbeck
GIBLIN Charles & Henry (and timber, wine, and spirit), Swaffham Bulbeck
HARDING William (coal), Burwell
HAWKES Benjamin, Burwell

COLLAR MAKERS
ARBER Charles, Burwell
GREEN Ralph, Burwell
NORMAN James, Burwell

FIRE &c. OFFICE AGENTS
PHOENIX (fire),
   John ELLIS, Swaffham Bulbeck
ROYAL FARMERS' & GENERAL HAIL STORM
   Joseph LE PLA, Burwell

FARMERS
ASHMAN Benja., Swaffham Bulbeck
BALL Edward, Burwell
BALL Richard, Burwell
BALL Thomas Thwaites, Burwell
CHAMBERS Robert, Swaffham Prior
CORNELL John, Swaffham Bulbeck
ELLIS John, Swaffham Bulbeck
ELLIS John, jun., Swaffham Prior
FYSON Robert, Swaffham Prior
GIBLIN Charles, Swaffham Bulbeck
HUNT Thomas, Swaffham Bulbeck
JOHNSON Henry, Burwell
JOHNSON Robert, Burwell
KENT John, Swaffham Prior
KENT Joseph, Swaffham Prior
MASON George, Burwell
MASON Henry, Burwell
MASON Joseph, Burwell
MASON Thomas. Burwell
NEWMAN Charles, Swaffham Bulbeck
PALMBY Fras. Danby, Swaffham Prior
SMITH John, Burwell
SPALDING Wm., Swaffham Prior
SMITH John, Burwell
SPALDING Wm., Swaffham Bulbeck
WITT Samuel, Swaffham Prior

GROCERS & DEALERS IN SUNDRIES
CARTER James, Swaffham Bulbeck
CASBURN Robert, Burwell
DAWSON William, Burwell
EASTWELL Mary, Burwell
EDMUNDS William, Burwell
ELSDEN Jane, Burwell
FEAKS Rebecca, Swaffham Prior
GREEN Henry, Burwell
GUYVER Joseph, Burwell
HANCOCK Thomas, Swaffham Bulbeck
HINES Robert, Swaffham Bulbeck
IVERSON John, Burwell
LE PLA Joseph (& bresery), Burwell
MANNING Elizabeth, Burwell
PARMENTER Jeremiah, Swaffham Bulbeck
SHAW Jonathan, Burwell
SCOTT James, Burwell
SPALDING James, Swaffham Bulbeck
STONEBRIDGE John, Swaffham Bulbeck
TEBBIT Aaron, Swaffham Prior
WATLING William, Swaffham Bulbeck
WEBB Sarah & Elizabeth, Burwell
WEBB Thomas, Saffron Prior

INNS & PUBLIC HOUSES
Anchor, Henry DAVY, Burwell
Cock, Rebecca FEAKS, Swaffham Prior
Fox, William DANBY, Burwell
Horse & Groom, Henry STEVENS, Swaffham Bulbeck
Red Lion, Samuel HART, Swaffham Prior
Rose, John BRIDGEMAN, Burwell
Rose & Crown, William BAYLY, Swaffham Prior
Royal Oak, JohnAVES, Swaffham Bulbeck
White Horse, Sarah CARTER, Burwell
White Lion, Edmund LUCAS, Swaffham Bulbeck

RETAILERS OF BEER
BRIDGEMAN Robert, Burell
CARTER Oliver Francis, Burwell
CASBURN Henrietta, Burwell
CLARK Jonas, Swaffham Prior
DYSON John, Burwell
FAIRCLIFF James, Burwell
GREEN Henry, Burwell
HUNT Charles, Burwell
PEACHEY Philip, Burwell

LIME BURNERS
ADAMS Philip, Swaffham Prior
CLARK John, Burwell
EATON John, Burwell
GARDINER Stephen, Burwell
GIBLIN Charles & Henry, Swaffham Bulbeck

MALTSTERS
BALL Edward (& brick maker), Burwell
GIBLIN Charles & Henry, Swaffham Bulbeck
HALL John, Burwell

MILLERS & MEALMEN
BALL Thomas Thwaites, Burwell
CARTER Oliver Francis, Burwell
DANBY John, Burwell
FOSTER John, Swaffham Bulbeck
LIVERMORE Thos., Swaffham Bulbeck
STANTON Elizabeth Miles, Swaffham Prior
WILSON John, Swaffham Prior

TAILORS
BARNES John, Burwell
BARNES William, Swaffham Prior
CLARK Jonas, Swaffham Prior
DAVEY John, Burwell
HEWISH John, Swaffham Bulbeck
HIGHAM James, Burwell
PLAICE Murrells, Burwell

MISCELLANEOUS
ALDOUS James, veterinary surgeon, Swaffham Prior
CLARK Edward, Watch & clock maker, Swaffham Prior
DANBY Robert, plumber & glazier, Burwell
EASTWELL Mary, dress maker, Burwell
EATES John, cooper, Burwell
GAZE Wm., inland revenue officer, Burwell
HAGREEN Thos., fruiterer, Swaffham Bulbeck
HILL Joseph, registrar of births & deaths, Swaffham Bulbeck
HILLS Robert, glover, Burwell
HUNT John, parish clerk, Burwell
MASON James, gardener, Burwell
MORLEY Henry, hair dresser, Burwell
PARR Samuel, gardener, Burwell
SCARR Abraham,brazier, Burwell
WATLING Wm. parish clerk, Swaffham Bulbeck

———

 
CONVEYANCE BY RAILWAY,
on the Newmarket & Chesterford Branch of the Eastern Counties Railway
Station, four miles from Burwell

———

 
CARRIERS

To LONDON, by the Eastern Counties Railway, from Newmarket

To CAMBRIDGE, Edward SOUTH f___ Burwell, & Edward FORDHAM & Edw___ FEAKS, from Swaffham Bulbeck, Wednesday & Saturday, & John CHAPM__ from Swaffham Prior (by Rail,) Mon___, Wednesday, Friday & Saturday

To NEWMARKET, Edward SO___, from Burwell, Tuesday

Two types of pump, c.1854

BURWELL

"... is an extensive village and parish, with part of the hamlet of REACH annexed, 5 miles north-west from Newmarket, in the hundred of Staploe, Newmarket union and county court district, rural deanery of Fordham, Cambridge division, archdeaconry of Sudbury, and diocese of Ely.

The church of St. Mary is a light and elegant structure, situated at the south end of the village; it is in the Late Perpendicular style, and has nave, aisles, and chancel (which was restored by the University of Cambridge), clock, porch, tower, and 5 bells; the church appears to have been erected in the seventeenth century; the wall between the nave and chancel, and the roof of the nave, were erected in 1764 [*], at the expense of the Bennet family, as appears by an inscription in stone in the church; there are several monuments and tablets.

The register dates from the reign of Queen Elizabeth. The living is a vicarage, yearly value£370, with residence and a small glebe, in the gift of the University of Cambrdige, and held by the Rev. John William Cockshott, M.A., of St. Cathatrine's College, Cambrdige, rural dean..

St. Andrew's mission church is situated at the north end of the village; it was built by subscription, at a cost of £1,100, and was opened 12th November, 1863.

There are two National schools, and Endowed school for boys, and a British School.

Here are places of worship for Baptists, Independents, and Wesleyans.

An estate was left, which produces about £160 yearly, part of which goes to the repair of the church, and the residue to the endowment of a boys' school.

Near to the church are the remains of an old castle, the earthworks of which remain tolerably perfect.

The manorial rights of Tiptofts, Dullinghams, and St. Omers belong to Messrs. Hancock, Hussey, and others. The lordship of the manor of Ramsey is vested in the Crown, which also owns most of the land. The soil is various.

The chief crops are wheat, barley and oats. The population in 1861 was 1,987; the area is 7,232 acres; rateable value, £13,426.15s."

[* In other editions, directories, this date is sometimes given as 1464.]

Parish Clerk
   HUNT Robert

Relieving Officer
   ANDERSON Isaac, High town

POST & MONEY ORDER OFFICE & Post office Savings Bank
Postmaster:
   FAIRCLIFF John Everet
   Letters arrive through Cambridge at 4.10 a.m.;
   dispatched at 6.20 p.m.

INSURANCE AGENTS
Royal Farmers' & General
   LEPLA G. F.
Star Life
   BALL Salisbury

SCHOOLS
Endowed(boys)
   KEMP Henry, master
National(girls)
National(mixed)
   PETTY Miss Isabella, mistress
British

CONVEYANCE
MARSH Charles
   to Newmarket, on tuesday;
   to Cambridge, on saturday

CARRIERS
PEACHEY George & MINGAY Henry
   to & from Cambridge, on wednesday & saturday
   to & from Newmarket, on tuesday

BALL Richard, esq.
BALL Thomas Thwaites, esq.
COCKSHOTT Rev. John William, M.A. (vicar & rural dean), Vicarage
FLOWER Mrs.
ISAACSON Miss
JOHNSON Miss
LUCAS Thomas, esq. M.R.C.S.
MORGAN Rev. Dennis (Baptist)
WHITE Rev. George (Independent)

Farmers
ARBER Charles
BAILEY Isaac
BALL Salisbury (& miller)
BRIDGEMAN James
BRIDGEMAN William (& "Rose inn")
BROWN Benjamin
CASBURN Jonathan
CASBURN Robert, North st.
CASBURN Thomas
CLARK James, North st.
CROPLEY Thomas
DAWSON Alfred
DURRANT John (& turf & coal dealer)
ELNER James (& beer retailer)
FLACK John snr.
FROMENT George
GRIFFIN John (& machine owner)
HARDING William (& lighterman)
ISAACSON Wotton
LANE John
MARSH Chas. (& omnibus proprietor)
MASON George
MASON Henry
MASON James
MASON Joseph

Farmers (cont.)
MASON Michael
MASON Robert
MASON Thomas
MASON Timothy
MINGAY Henry (& carrier)
PEACHEY George Henry, North st.
PEACHEY Robert
SMITH John
SMITH John, Burwell field
SMITH Thomas
SMYTH Thomas C. (exors. of), High town
SOUTH Edward
STEPHENSON Robert, Pitt's farm
YOUNGS William

Commercial
BALL Salisbury ........ miller (& farmer)
BARNES Francis ........ shoe maker
BOWERS Joseph ......... shoe maker
BRANDWHITE William .... shoe maker
BRIDGEMAN William ..... "Rose inn" (& farmer)
BULLEN Isaac .......... been retailer
BULLEN REUBEN ......... "Fox inn"
BURLING Thomas ........ tailor
CARTER James .......... grocer
CARTER John ........... "White Horse" & brewer
CARTER Oliver ......... miller
CHAMBERS George ....... shopkeeper
CRACKNELL John ........ bricklayer
CRACKNELL John jnr. ... bricklayer
DANBY Robert .......... plumber
DANBY William ......... wheelwright & builder
DAVEY George .......... beer retailer
DAVEY Henry ........... "Anchor" & carpenter
DAVEY Wm. ............. tailor & draper, North st.
DOE Richard ........... saddler
DRAKE Edward .......... "William IV"
DURRANT John .......... turf & coal dealer (& farmer)
ELNER James ........... beer retailer (& farmer)
FAIRCLIFF James ....... cab proprietor & shopkeeper
FAIRCLIFF John Everet . carpenter, & post office
FORDHAM James ......... pig dealer
GARDINER Richard ...... builder & lime burner, High st.
GRIFFIN John .......... machine owner (& farmer)
HARDING William ....... lighterman (& farmer)
HEFFER Henry .......... shopkeeper
HILLS George .......... blacksmith
HOBBS James ........... boat builder
HORSLEY Eliz'th (Mrs.)  blacksmith
HUNT Charles .......... "Five Bells"
HUNT Robert ........... shoe maker & grocer
LEPLA George Failes ... grocer & draper &
                        agent to the Royal Farmers'
                        & General Life Assurance
                        Company, North st.
LEPLA William ......... grocer & draper
LUCAS Thomas .......... surgeon
MARSH Chas. ........... omnibus proprietor (& farmer)
MARSTERS & Co. ........ coprolite merchants &
                        artificial manure
                        manufacturers
MARTIN Henry .......... grocer & draper
MARTIN William ........ builder & wheelwright
MINGAY Henry .......... carrier (& farmer)
POWELL James .......... shopkeeper
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
SAYERS Robert ......... beer retailer
SHAW Jonathan ......... shopkeeper
TURNER William ........ beer retailer

Kitchen range, c.1864

NEWMARKET UNION
Asley-cum-Silverley
Bottisham
Brinkley
Burrough Green
Burwell
Cheveley
Chippenham
Dalham (Suffolk)
Dullingham
Exning (Suffolk)
Fordham
Gazeley (Suffolk)
Isleham
Kennett
Kirtling
Landwade
Lidgate (Suffolk)
Moulton (Suffolk)
Newmarket All Saints
Newmarket St. Mary (Suffolk)
Ousden (Suffolk)
Snailwell
Soham
Stetchworth

NEWMARKET UNION (Cont.)
Swaffham Bulbeck
Swaffham Prior
Westley Waterless
Wicken
Wood Ditton

HUNDRED OF STAPLOE
Burwell
Chippenham
Fordham
Isleham
Kennett
Landwade
Snailwell
Soham
Wicken

GEOLOGY
The Chalk
"The Lower Chalk without flints is worked for building-stone at Madingley, Burwell, Reach &c.; and also furnishes excellent lime."

BURWELL
[as 1869 above] "... The living is a vicarage, yearly value £300, with residence and a small glebe ...."

"Here are Baptist, Congregational, Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist chapels ...."

"The area us 7,232 acres; rateable value, £18,465; the population in 1871 was 2,023."

Parish Clerk
   HUNT Robert

Relieving Officer; Registrar of births & deaths & Deputy Registrar of marriages for Newmarket district
   RAE Alexander S.

POST & MONEY ORDER 1 TELEGRAPH OFFICE & Savings Bank
Postmaster:
   RAE Alexander S.
   Letters arrive through Cambridge at 7.15 a.m.;
   dispatched at 6.15 p.m.

SCHOOLS
Endowed(boys)
   BARTON Thomas, master
National(girls)
   DENNISON Miss Isabel, mistress
National(mixed)
   CHAMBERS Miss Bertha, mistress
British
   LITTLE Miss Helen, mistress

CONVEYANCE
FULLER John
   to Newmarket, on tuesday;
   to Cambridge, on saturday

CARRIERS
MARTIN Henry & SHAW John
   to & from Cambridge, on wednesday & saturday
HUNT George & BLACKWELL Stephen
   to & from Newmarket daily

ANDERSON Isaac
ARBER William
BALL Thomas Thwaites
COCKSHOTT Rev. John William, M.A.
(vicar, surrogate, hon. canon of Ely & rural dean), Vicarage
FLOWER Mrs.
HEWITT Rev. Charles (Baptist)
ISAACSON Miss
LUCAS Thomas
NALL Rev. Walter (Congregational)
NEWMAN Mrs.
SHAW Rev. Richard Daintree, M.A. (curate)
WILSON William

Farmers
ARBER Charles
BAILEY Isaac
BALL Salisbury (& brickmaker & miller)
BRIDGEMAN James
BRIDGEMAN William
BROWN Sophia (Mrs.)
CLARK James (& machinist), North st.
CROPLEY Thomas
DAWSON Alfred
DURRANT John (& turf & coal dealer)
ELNOR James (& beer retailer)
FLACK John
GRIFFIN John (& machine owner)
HARDING William (& lighterman)
HILLS George (& "White Horse")
ISAACSON Wotton
LANE John
MASON George (& miller)
MASON James

Farmers (cont.)
MASON Michael (& miller)
MASON Robert
MASON Thomas
MASON Timothy
MASON William
MINGAY Henry
PEACHEY George Henry, North st.
SMITH John, Burwell field
SMITH John jnr.
SMYTH Thomas C. (exors. of), High town
SOUTH Edward
STEPHENSON Robert, Pitt's farm
WEBB James

Commercial
BALL Salisbury ........ miller & brickmaker (& farmer)
BALL Thomas Thwaites .. coprolite merchant &
                        artificial manure manufacturer
BANYARD John .......... "Rose inn"
BARNES John ........... shoe maker
BOWERS Joseph ......... shoe maker
BRIDGEMAN Jonathan .... "William IV"
BULLEN Isaac .......... been retailer
BULLEN REUBEN ......... "Fox inn"
BURLING Thomas ........ tailor
CASBURN Robert ........ sedge merchant
CLARK Jas. ............ machinist (& farmer), North st.
COLCHESTER & BALL ..... coprolite merchants &
                        artificial manure manufacturers
CRACKNELL John ........ bricklayer
CRACKNELL John jnr. ... bricklayer
DANBY Robert .......... plumber, painter & paperhanger
DANBY William ......... wheelwright & builder
DAVEY George .......... beer retailer
DAVEY Henry ........... "Anchor", & carpenter
DAVEY William ......... draper
DOE Richard ........... saddler
DURRANT John .......... turf & coal dealer (& farmer)
ELNOR James ........... beer retailer (& farmer)
FAIRCLIFF James ....... cab proprietor
FAIRCLIFF John Everett  carpenter
FORDHAM James ......... pig dealer
FULLER James .......... "Five Bells", & cab proprietor
FULLER John ........... omnibus proprietor
GRIFFIN John .......... machine owner (& farmer)
HARDING William ....... lighterman (& farmer)
HAWKES Charles ........ draper & grocer
HILLS George .......... blacksmith
HILLS George .......... "White Horse" (& farmer)
HUNT Charles .......... grocer & flour dealer
HUNT Robert ........... shoe maker & grocer
LEPLA George Failes ... grocer & draper & agent
                        for W. & A. Gilbey, wine
                        & spirit merchants
LUCAS Thomas .......... surgeon
MARTIN Henry .......... grocer & draper
MARTIN William ........ builder & wheelwright
MASON George .......... miller (& farmer)
MASON Michael ......... miller (& farmer)
PIKE Miss Sarah ....... grocer & draper
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
SAYERS Robert ......... beer retailer
SHAW Jonathan ......... shopkeeper
SYMONDS James ......... blacksmith
TURNER William ........ beer retailer

Steam-driven threshing machine & hay elevator, c.1874

BURWELL

"The area us 7,232 acres; rateable value, £18,819; the population in 1881 was 1,949."

Parish Clerk
   HUNT Robert

Relieving Officer; Registrar of births & deaths & Deputy Registrar of marriages for Newmarket district
   RAE Alexander S.

POST & MONEY ORDER & TELEGRAPH OFFICE & Savings Bank
Postmaster:
   WINTER Mrs. Martha, postmistress
   Letters arrive through Cambridge at 7.15 a.m.;
   dispatched at 6.15 p.m.

INSURANCE AGENT - Royal Farmers' & General
   LE PLA G. F., North street

SCHOOLS
Endowed(boys)
   BARTON Thomas, master
National(girls)
   CHAPMAN Mrs., mistress
National(mixed)
   FYSON Miss Ellen, mistress
British
   GIBSON Miss Mary Margaret, mistress

CONVEYANCE
FULLER John
   to Newmarket, on tuesday; &
   to Cambridge, on saturday

CARRIERS
BRIDGEMAN William & MARTIN Henry
   to & from Cambridge, on wednesday & saturday
HUNT George & BLACKWELL Stephen
   to & from Newmarket, daily

ANDERSON Isaac
ARBER William
BALL Thomas Thwaites
COCKSHOTT Rev. John William, M.A.
(vicar, surrogate, hon. canon of Ely & rural dean of Fordham deanery), Vicarage
COLCHESTER George Henry, Rose cottage
EWENS William (Evangelical)
GARDENER Thomas
GRAVES Rev. Wm. Eccleston (curate)
HEWITT Rev. Charles (Baptist)
ISAACSON, The Misses
LUCAS Thomas
NEWMAN Mrs.
UPTON Rev. Jas. W. (Congregational), The Manse

Farmers
ARBER Charles
ARBER Robert
BALL Salisbury (& miller)
BRIDGEMAN Charles
BRIDGEMAN James
BRIDGEMAN William
CROPLEY Thomas
DAWSON Alfred
DYSON Robert
ELNOR James
FAIRCLIFF James
HILLS George
ISAACSON Wotton

Farmers (cont.)
MASON George (& miller)
MASON Michael
MASON Robert, Tunbridge farm
MASON Robert, North street
MASON Timothy
MASON William
PEACHEY George Henry (exors. of), North st.
SABIN Thomas Frederick, Portland farm
STEPHENSON Robert, Pitt's farm
WEBB James

Commercial
BACON George .......... "White Horse"
BALL Salisbury ........ miller (& farmer)
BANYARD John .......... "Rose inn" & boot maker
BARNES John ........... shoe maker
BARNES John jnr. ...... boot maker
BLACKWELL Stephen ..... carrier
BONE William Lee ...... watch maker
BRIDGEMAN Charles jnr.  pig dealer
BRIDGEMAN Jonathan .... "William IV"
BRIDGEMAN Robert ...... beer retailer
BULLER Isaac Mrs. ..... beer retailer
CHAPMAN John .......... earthenware dealer
COLCHESTER & BALL ..... coprolite merchants &
                        artificial manure manufacturers
CRACKNELL John ........ bricklayer
CROPLEY Thomas ........ farmer
DANBY Robert .......... plumber, painter & paperhanger
DANBY William ......... wheelwright & builder
DAVEY George .......... beer retailer
DAVEY Henry ........... "Anchor", & carpenter
DOE Richard ........... saddler
DURRANT John .......... turf & coal dealer (& farmer)
FAIRCLIFF John Everett  carpenter
FORDHAM James ......... pig dealer
FULLER James .......... "Five Bells"
FULLER James .......... miller
FULLER John ........... omnibus proprietor
HARDING John .......... shopkeeper
HAWKES Charles ........ draper & grocer
HILLS Edwin ........... shopkeeper
HINES Joseph .......... tailor
HOBBS George .......... boat builder
HUNT Charles .......... grocer & flour dealer
HUNT George ........... carrier
HUNT Robert ........... grocer
LAWRENCE Nathan ....... blacksmith
LEPLA George Failes ... grocer & draper & agent
                        for W. & A. Gilbey, wine
                        & spirit merchants
LUCAS Thomas .......... surgeon
MARTIN Henry .......... grocer & draper
MARTIN William ........ builder & wheelwright
MASON George .......... miller (& farmer)
MINGAY Henry .......... "Fox"
PARR Charles John ..... boot maker
PEACHEY George ........ boot maker
PEACHEY George ........ shopkeeper
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
SAYERS Robert ......... beer retailer
SHAW Jonathan ......... shopkeeper
SYMONDS Henry ......... blacksmith
TURNER William ........ beer retailer
WARREN Joseph ......... shopkeeper
WARREN Ralph .......... grocer & draper

Fire engine, c.1881

CAMBRIDGESHIRE

"... The soil generally is fertile, corn being raised in the uplands as well as in the lowlands, and thee is grazing in the latter. The produce consists of wheat (the Burwell wheat having a high reputation as seed), and other corn crops, cattle, sheep, Gottenham cheese (thr production of which has much diminished), butter, fruit, hay, coleseed, osiers, cabbages, beans, potatoes, asparagus from Ely, reeds fro thatching, chalk, lime and turf for fuel (much used); mangold wurtzel and carrots are grown in large quantities on the fen lands; the produce is chiefly sent to London from the ports of Lynn, Ely and Wisbech, and from Cambridge and other towns by railway. In the Cottenham and Willingham districts and around Wisbech much fruit is grown, especially gooseberries, and sent to the London and Manchester markets.

Brewing and malting are large trades. Brick-making is carried on to some extent, the chief material used in building being brick. Lime-burning for manure employs many persons, chiefly in the southern parts, and coprolite works give employment to many. The number of millers is considerable, and much corn is ground up and oilseed crushed. Basket-making, for which osiers are worked up, and mat-making occupy many persons. As there are so many navigable cuts and drains in the county, the employment of bargemen and boatmen is large, and many persons are engaged in ship, boat and barge building. Printing and bookselling employ 300 persons, chiefly at Cambridge, where books are printed at the University and other presses. There are paper and parchment works.

Race horses are trained on the downs near Newmarket."

"The lowest Fen Beds are gravels of marine origin, which crop out all round the edge, and of which large patches also occur at March, Whittlesey and Chatteris. As it furnishes a solid foundation and a fair water supply, we find many villages on it.

Peat occupies a much larger area. It rests upon the gravel, and as we follow it towards the sea, we find intercalated beds of silt or warp or mud, one kind of which has been called 'buttery clay'. The silt is a marine deposit, being the mud left behind by the tides, and i this way a width of land of three miles has at some points been formed since the Roman Period - a fact which, together with the extensive inclosures which have been made, has transformed Cambridgeshire from a sea-coast to an inland county. The average thickness of the peat is about 6 ft. It is largely dug for fuel in the neighbourhood of Ely; it contains at least five 'buried forests', or horizons on which stools and trunks of large trees are found. The land formed by it can be readily distinguished by its blackness and even surface and by the absence of hedge-rows."

"Of neolithic tools, many specimens have been obtained. The fen district, especially Burwell Fen, has yielded many celts, arrow-heads, flakes, scrapers, hammers &c. At Ely a fine perforated axe-hammer made of greenstone has been found; some well-polished celts have been found at Coton, and altogether there are from 30 to 40 localities in Cambridgeshire in which relics of the Stone Age have been met with. Of these full particulars may be found in Mr. John Evans' excellent book on the 'Ancient Stone Implements of Great Britain'."

* * * * *

County of Cambridge
 
Agricultural Returns, 1894
- acreage under each kind of crop -
- number of horses, cattle, sheep & pigs -

* * * * *

COUNTY COUNCIL OF CAMBRIDGE
Local Government Act, 1888, 51 & 52 Vic. c. 41
(meet at Cambridge)
STEPHENSON Robert (Burwell): Vice-Chairman; Alderman (retires in 1898)
WEBB George (resid. Reach): Councillor, Burwell - Eastern Division of County

* * * * *

COUNTY POLICE
HEAD QUARTERS, CASTLE HILL, CAMBRIDGE
STRETTEN Charles esq. (Cambridge), Chief Constable
WHITECHURCH Thomas (Newmarket), Deputy Chief Constable
WEBB W. Varney, Chief Clerk, Inspector
HILLS Thomas Hyde, Staff-Surgeon

The force consists of a Chief Constable, Deputy Chief Constable,
3 superintendents, 3 inspectors, 6 sergeants & 56 constables

Divisions:
Cambridge; Arrington & Melbourn; Bottisham; Caxton; Linton; & the
Newmarket division:
WHITECHURCH Thomas, deputy chief constable
Stations:
Burwell, Cheveley, Chippenham, Dullingham, Fordham, Isleham, Kirtling, Newmarket, Soham, Wicken, Brinkley

* * * * *

MAGISTRATES FOR THE COUNTY OF CAMBRIDGE
LORD LIEUTENANT AND CUSTOS ROTULORUM
PECKOVER Alexander esq., Bank house, Wisbech
...
STEPHENSON Robert esq., Burwell
...
Chairmen of Urban & Rural District Councils are ex-officio justices of the peace
Clerk of the Peace: WORTHAM Hale, Roysten
Deputy Clerk: WRIGHT Arthur LL.M., B.A., 5 Alexandre street, Cambridge

Advertisement, c.1896

BURWELL

"... is an extensive village and parish ... with a station on the Cambridge and Mildenhall branch of the Great Eastern railway, and is 5 miles north-west from Newmarket, in the Eastern division of the county, hundred of Staploe, Newmarket union, petty sessional division and county court district, rural deanery of Fordham, archdeaconry of Sudbury and Diocese of Ely.

The church of St. Mary ... nave, aisles, north and south porches and an embattled western tower, with pinnacles and spire, and containing a clock and 5 bells ... the church was extensively restored during the period 1877-90, and an organ and chancel screen erected, at a total cost of £1,727, and it now affords 650 sittings. The register dates from the year 1562 ... The living is a vicarage, net yearly value £234, with residence and 29 acres of glebe, and held since 1885 by the Rev. Neville Arthur Blachley Borton M.A. of King's College, Cambridge, and surrogate. This living is primarily in the gift of the University of Cambridge, who, on the occasion of any vacancy, nominate two persons in holy orders of that university to the representative of Sir Edward North kt. Chancellor of the Court of Augmentations in the reign of Henry VIII, who then presents one of these to the Bishop of Norwich. The last presentation, owing to the present representative, Lord North, being a Catholic, eventually lapsed to and was made by the University.

... The lordship of the manor of Ramsey is vested in the Crown, which also owns a great portion of the land; John Clutton, 9 Whitehall place, London S W, steward. Mr. Charles Morbey, of the Moat, Soham, is also a considerable landowner.

... The area is 7,446 acres; rateable value, £16,131; the population in 1891 was 1,998."

Parish Clerk
   HUNT Robert

Relieving Officer, No. 1 district & registrar of births & deaths for Newmarket sub-district & marriages for Newmarket union
   FORD Frederick Richard

Surgeon & medical officer & public vaccinator for 4th district (Bottisham), Newmarket union
   LUCAS Charles

Inspector of nuisances to the Newmarket rural disctrict councils
   BROWN John

POST, M. O. & T. O., T. M. O., Express Delivery, S. B. & Annuity & Insurance Office
   SEGROTT Mrs. Mary Ann, sub-postmistress
   Letters arrive through Cambridge
   at 7.25 a.m. & 2.50 p.m.;
   dispatched at 12 noon & 6.15 p.m.
Well [Wall?] Letter Boxes,
   Church End, cleared 6.12 p.m. daily &
   North End cleared 5.30 p.m. daily

SCHOOLS
Endowed (boys), erected in 1854, for 90 children;
   average attendance, 80;
   HARRIES Isaac, master
National (girls), erected in 1852, for 100 children;
   average attendance, 85
   HARRIES Mrs., mistress
National (mixed), erected in 1870, for 100 children;
   average attendance, 62
   LEEMING Miss, mistress
British erected in 1849 & since enlarged for 205 children;
   average attendance, 179;
   KEMP Miss Jessie, mistress

RAILWAY STATION
   HOWARD William, station master

CARRIERS
BLACKWELL Stephen
   to & from Newmarket daily
KNOTT Henry
   to Cambridge

Conservative Working Men's Club
   ELLIOT Ferdinand Bruce, hon. sec.
Co-operative Society Limited
   HANTON George, manager

PRIVATE RESIDENTS
BALL Eustace
BALL Salisbury
BELL John
BELL Mrs. Robert, The Causeway
BORTON Rev. Neville Arthur Blackley M.A. (vicar & surrogate), Vicarage
BRIDGEMAN Misses
CHILDS John, North street
COLCHESTER George Henry
COLCHESTER William
FLETCHER Rev. Harry Alais (Baptist)
GIBLIN Reginald Charles, High town
HUNT Charles, The Causeway
ISAACSON Misses
LUCAS Charles
LUCAS Misses
MARTIN Mrs. Henry
PARR John
ROBERTS Rev. Frederic Warden (curate)
RUSTON Mrs.
STEPHENSON Robert J.P.
UPTON Rev. Jas. W. (Cong.), The Manse

FARMERS
ARBER Charles Turner
ARBER Robert
ARBER Samuel, Heath road
BALL Eustace (& asst. overseer)

FARMERS (cont.)
BRIDGEMAN Charles
BRIDGEMAN William
DURRANT John (& turf & coal dealer)
DYSON Charles
ELLINOR James
HANCOCK Israel
HILLS George
ISAACSON Wootton
MASON George (& miller, wind)
MASON Michael
MASON Robert, Tunbridge farm
MASON Robert, Crowlands, High st.
MASON Timothy
MASON Wm. Henry, Newnham
PEACHEY George, Rose Cottage
PEACHEY George, North st.
STEPHENSON Robert
WESTLEY Walt. Fras., Breach farm

COMMERCIAL
BAKER Jabez ........... grocer & draper
BARNES John ........... shoe maker
BARNES John jnr. ...... boot maker
BENTLEY George ........ butcher, North st.
BLACKWELL Albert ...... coal dealer
BLACKWELL Stephen ..... carrier
BRIDGEMAN Charles jnr.  pig dealer
BRIDGEMAN Robert ...... beer retailer
BURLING Alfred ........ butcher
CHAPMAN John .......... earthenware dealer
CLARK Ben. ............ shopkeeper
COLCHESTER & BALL ..... chemical manure manufacturers
                        & brick makers
CRACKNELL John ........ bricklayer
DANBY Robert .......... plumber & painter
DOE John .............. shoe maker
DOE Richard ........... saddler
DURRANT John .......... turf & coal dealer (& farmer)
ELNOR James ........... beer retailer (& farmer)
FULLER Kidman ......... miller (wind)
GIBLIN Reginald Charles, solicitor & commissioner to
                        administer oaths &c. &
                        clerk to the Burwell Fen
                        commissioners, High town
GUYATT Wm. ............ Droford Mineral Water Co.
HAWKES Susan Mrs. ..... draper & grocer
HEFFER John ........... carpenter, High town
HEFFER Robert ......... shopkeeper, High town
HOBBS & TIMS .......... butchers & bakers
HUNT Chas. ............ grocer & flour dlr., North st.
HUNT Frederick ........ bricklayer
HUNT George ........... dairyman
HUNT Robert ........... grocer, High town
LAWRENCE Nathan ....... blacksmith
LE PLA William Henry .. grocer
MARTIN William ........ builder & wheelwright
MASON George .......... miller (wind; & farmer)
MASON Thomas .......... carter
MORLEY George ......... watch maker
PEACHEY Ebenezer ...... cattle dealer
PEACHEY George ........ boot maker
PORTER John Ship ...... fishmonger
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
ROBSON Tom ............ managing clerk to Messrs.
                        Colchester & Ball
ROGERS George Ernest .. grocer & draper
SHAW John ............. grocer & draper
SMITH Mark ............ butcher
STEVENS George ........ shopkeeper

PUBLIC HOUSES
DAVEY Henry ........... "Anchor"
DURRANT Arthur ........ "Rose inn"
FULLER James .......... "Five Bells"
HILLS Henry ........... "The White Horse"
HURRELL George ........ "Crown"
NICHOLLS Thomas ....... "Fox"
STAMFORD George ....... "William IV"

Water cart c.1896

BURWELL

"... in the church is a brass effigy of an ecclesiastic, vested in cassock, surplice and almuce, the head resting on a pillow, and originally under a triple canopy, but only the central pediment, with a figure of Our Lord in Pity, remains; this brass is palimpsest, and the reverse includes part of the remaining pediment of the canopy, made up of three pieces of an early figure of a deacon, c. 1320; the bottom portion of the canopy consists of the lower half of the figure of an abbot in rich vestments, and generally assigned to John Lawrence, abbot of Ramsey 1508-39, who died in 1542 and directed that he should be buried here ...."

"... The Earl of Durham and Mr. Charles Morbey, of The Moat, Soham, are also landowners. ... The area is 7,417 acres of land and 29 of water; rateable value, £14,478; the population in 1901 was 1,974."

Parish Clerk
   HEFFER George

Relieving Officer, No. 1 district & registrar of births & deaths for Newmarket sub-district & marriages for Newmarket union
   FORD Frederick Richard

Surgeon a medical officer & public vaccinator for 4th district, Newmarket union
   LUCAS Charles M.R.C.S.Eng., L.S.A.

Inspector of Nuisances to the Newmarket Rural Disctrict Council
   BROWN John

Post, M. O. & T. O., T. M. O., E. D., S. B. & A. & I. Office
   SEGROTT Mrs. Mary Ann, sub-postmistress
   Letters arrive through Cambridge
   at 7.40 a.m. & 2.20 p.m.;
   dispatched at 12 noon & 6.5 p.m.
W[a]ll Letter Boxes,
   Church End, cleared 11.20 a.m. & 6.15 p.m. daily &
   North End cleared 11.40 a.m. & 5.30 p.m. daily

Schools
Public Elementary (Endowed) (boys), erected in 1854, for 120 children;
   average attendance, 98;
   HARRIES Isaac, master
Girls, erected in 1852, for 100 children;
   average attendance, 58
   HARRIES Mrs., mistress
Mixed, erected in 1870, for 100 children;
   average attendance, 53
   MOULE Miss, mistress
Mixed erected in 1849 & since enlarged for 205 children;
   average attendance, 180;
   FITZPATRICK Miss M., mistress
   MASON Mrs. George, infants' mistress

Railway Station
   HOWARD William, station master

Carriers
BLACKWELL Stephen
   to & from Newmarket daily
KNOTT Henry
   to Cambridge

Conservative Working Men's Club
   MANLEY George, hon. sec.
Co-operative Society Limited
   HANTON George, manager

PRIVATE RESIDENTS
BALL Eustace
BELL Mrs. Robert, The Causeway
BORTON Rev. Neville Arthur Blackley M.A. (vicar & surrogate), Vicarage
BRIDGEMAN Misses
CLIFTON Miss, High street
COLCHESTER George Henry
GIBLIN Mrs. Emma, High town
HUNT Charles, The Yews
HUNT Herbert, North street
ISAACSON Misses
LUCAS Charles
LUCAS Misses
MARTIN Mrs. Henry
MILLARD Rev. Charles William Salter M.A. (curate)
PARR John
PHILLIPS Rev. John (Baptist)
RUSTON Miss
STEPHENSON Robert J.P.
STEPHENSON Robert jnr.
THOMPSON Fredk. Albt., Chantilly villa
UPTON Rev. James William (Congregational), The Manse

FARMERS
ARBER Robert
ARBER Samuel, Heath road
BALL Eustace (& asst. overseer)
BRIDGEMAN Charles
BRIDGEMAN Robert
BRIDGEMAN William
DURRANT John (& turf & coal dealer)
DURRANT Rolf
DYSON Charles
ELLINOR James (Mrs.)
FAIRCLIFF James
FULLER Ann Mrs. (& "Five Bells" p.h.)

FARMERS (cont.)
HANCOCK Israel
HILLS George
HUNT Rt. (& butcher), High town
ISAACSON Wootton
JENNINGS George
MASON George (& miller, wind)
MASON Robert, Tunbridge farm
MASON Robert, Crowlands, High st.
MASON Wm. Henry, Newnham
PEACHEY George, North st.
PEACHEY George, Rose Cottage
STEPHENSON Robert

COMMERCIAL
BAKER Jabez ........... grocer & draper & agent
                        for W. & A. Gilbey Limited,
                        wine & spirit merchants
BAKER Horace .......... managing clerk to Messrs.
                        Colchester & Ball
BARNES John ........... shoe maker
BARNES John jnr. ...... boot maker
BENTLEY George ........ butcher, North st.
BLACKWELL Albert ...... coal dealer
BLACKWELL Stephen ..... carrier
BURLING Alfred ........ butcher
CARTER Oliver ......... lime burner
CHAPMAN John .......... earthenware dealer
CHAPMAN Mark .......... tailor & outfitter
CLARK Ben. ............ shopkeeper
COLCHESTER & BALL ..... chemical manure manufacturers
                        & brick makers
CRACKNELL John ........ bricklayer
CRANE John ............ lime burner, Victoria lime kiln
DANBY Rt. (Mrs.) ...... plumber & painter
DOE John .............. shoe maker
DOE Richard ........... saddler
DURRANT John .......... turf & coal dealer (& farmer)
ELLIS Harry ........... hair dresser
FAIRCLIFFE James Green  clerk
FLETCHER William ...... beer retailer
FULLER James .......... turf dealer
FULLER William P. ..... builder, Causeway
GILLSON Fdk. W. ....... photographer, High st.
GUYATT Wm. ............ mineral water manufacturer,
                        The Causeway
HAWKES Susan Mrs. ..... draper & grocer
HEFFER John ........... carpenter, High town
HOBBS & TIMS .......... butchers & bakers,
                        & millers (wind)
HOBBS Geo. ............ grocer & draper, North st.
HUNT Chas. ............ grocer & flour dlr., North st.
HUNT Frederick ........ bricklayer
HUNT George ........... dairyman
HUNT Herbert .......... architect & surveyor, North st.
HUNT Rt. .............. butcher (& farmer), High town
LAWRENCE Nathan ....... blacksmith
LE PLA Fredk. ......... Droford mineral wks.
LE PLA William Henry .. fruit grower
MANSFIELD George ...... boot maker & cycle dealer
MARTIN Harry .......... builder & wheelwright
MASON George .......... miller (wind; & farmer)
MASON Thomas .......... carter
MORLEY Benjamin ....... chemist's stores
PEACHEY Ebenezer ...... cattle dealer
PEACHEY George ........ boot maker
PITCHES Harry ......... cycle agent
PORTER John Ship ...... fishmonger
POWELL Thomas ......... baker
RUSTON A. H. & A. ..... solicitors (friday, 1 to 6)
SAUNDERS Frederick .... butcher
SELLERS Esther Mrs. ... apartments, Semper Aurea
SHAW Kate Mrs. ........ shopkeeper
SHAW John ............. grocer & draper
SMITH Mark ............ butcher
STEPHENSON Robert jnr.  lime burner &
                        cement manufacturer
STEVENS George ........ shopkeeper
THOMPSON Frdk. Albt. .. accountant, Chantilly villa
TURNER Stephen ........ beer retailer
WATTS Grimmer ......... baker

PUBLIC HOUSES
DAVEY Sophia Mrs. ..... "Anchor"
DURRANT Arthur ........ "Rose inn"
FLINT George .......... "The White Horse"
FULLER Ann Mrs. ....... "Five Bells" (& farmer)
HALLS William ......... "King William IV"
HURRELL George ........ "Crown"
NICHOLLS Thomas ....... "Fox"

A day out... c.1900

BURWELL

"... St. Andrew's mission chapel ... opened 1863 ... will hold 200 persons. Here is a Baptist chapel, erected in 1851, with 500 sittings; a Congregational chapel, founded in 1600, seating 420; also Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist chapels.

The Jubilee Reading Room is used as a public library. The Gardiner Memorial Hall was erected in 1915 by the trustees under the will of the late John Gardiner esq. at a cost of £1,500 and seats 400.

An estate left to this parish now (1916) produces a gross income of about £80 yearly, which, after deductions for repairs and upkeep of 14 almshouses and the supervision of the property, goes to the repair of the church and to the endowment of a boys' school.

Near the church are the remains of an ancient castle, the earthworks of which remain tolerably perfect.

The lordship of the Manor of Ramsey is vested in the Crown ... J. Carter Jonas & Son, stewards. The Earl of Durham K.G., Howard Foster Chaplin esq. and George Townsend esq. are also landowners. ...

... The area is 7,417 acres of land and 29 of water; rateable value, £14,618; the population in 1911 was 2,144."

Parish Clerk
   HEFFER George

Relieving officer No. 1 district, Newmarket union & registrar of births, deaths & marriages for Burwell district
   FORD Frederick Richard
Assistant overseer, clerk to the Parish Council & collector to the Burwell Fen Drainage Commissioners
   BALL Frederick Eustace (& farmer)

Post, M. O., T. & Telephonic Express Delivery Office
   SEGROTT Mrs. Mary Ann, sub-postmistress
   Letters arrive through Cambridge
   at 6.30 a.m. & 2.20 p.m.;
   dispatched at 11.35 a.m. & 7.25 p.m.
   sunday:
   arrive at 6.30 a.m.; dispatched at 6.15 p.m.
Wall Letter Boxes,
   Church End, cleared 11.45 a.m. & 7.25 p.m. daily &
   North End cleared 11.15 a.m. & 7.15 p.m. daily;
   sunday, 6.5 p.m.

Schools
Public Elementary Endowed (higher standard boys)
   erected in 1854, for 120 children;
   HARRIES Isaac, master
Girls, erected in 1852 and since enlarged, for 130 children
   HARRIES Mrs., mistress
Mixed, erected in 1870, for 100 children;
   STEWARD Mrs., mistress
Mixed, erected in 1849 & since enlarged, for 214 children
   FITZPATRICK Miss M., mistress
   KENDREW Miss, infants' mistress

Railway Station
   HOWARD William, station master

Carriers
HOWE Bert
   to & from Newmarket daily
KNOTT Henry
   to Cambridge, wednesday & saturday

Burwell Co-operative Society Limited
   HANTON George, manager
Conservative Working Men's Club
   BAKER Horace H., hon. sec.
Gardiner Memorial Hall
   BALL Frederick E., clerk
Miniature Rifle Club
   HOLLOWAY E. C. R., hon. sec.
Public Library
   UPTON Rev. J. W., chairman
   WEBB Ernest, librarian

BANKS
Barclay & Company Limited, bankers
   (sub-branch to Soham),
   open thurs. 2 to 4;
   draw on head office
   54 Lombard st., London EC

MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
Surgeon, & medical officer & public vaccinator for 4th district, Newmarket union:
   LUCAS Charles M.R.C.S.Eng., L.S.A.
Surgeon:
   ENNION Octavius Roberts M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond.
Physician & surgeon (Fife lodge):
   EVUTT Edward Pratt L.R.C.P. & S.Edin.

PRIVATE RESIDENTS
BAKER Horace Robert, Aidenhurst
BALL Frederick Eustace
BELL Mrs., Ness road
BARRETT Mrs., Mount cottage
BORTON Rev. Neville Arthur Blachley M.A. (vicar & surrogate), Vicarage
BRIDGEMAN Misses
CLIFTON Miss, High street
CLIFTON Mrs., Zear
COLCHESTER George Hy., Burwell house
ENNION Octavius Roberts, Harlech
EVATT Edward Pratt, Fife lodge
FAIRCLIFFE James
HOLLOWAY Ernest Charles Reginald, The Rosary
HUNT Charles, The Yews
HURLEY Mrs. Semper Aurea
ISAACSON Miss
LUCAS Charles
LUCAS Misses, Tiptoft
MARTIN Mrs. Henry
MASON George Jabez, Pembroke house
MASON Robert, Crowlands
RUSTON Miss
SABERTON Sydney Luddington Briarwood
STEPHENSON Robert D.L., J.P., Manor house
STEPHENSON Robert jnr., The Bed house
TOOGOOD Rev. John (Baptist), Brooklyn
UPTON Rev. James William (Congregational), The Manse
WEBB George, Berkeley house
WOOLGAR George (lay reader), Ness road

FARMERS
ASBEE Charles
BALL Frederick Eustace (& see above)
BRIDGEMAN Charles
BRIDGEMAN John
BRIDGEMAN Manasseh

FARMERS (cont.)
BURLING Alfred
BUTLER Edward
BUTLER Walter
DURRANT John
DURRANT Ralph
DYSON Charles
HAMMOND James
HANCOCK Israel
HOUSDON Samuel
   (postal address, Reach, Cambridge)
MASON George Jabez, Pembrooke farm
   (& miller, wind)
MASON Jabez
MASON Robert, Crowlands, High st.
MASON Wm. Henry, Newnham
MITCHAM Bert, Goose Hall farm
PALMER Herbert
PEACHEY George, North st.
PEACHEY Harry
SMITH William
STEPHENSON Robert
WEBB Charles
WEBB George
WHITE Charles Herbert

COMMERCIAL
BAKER George H. ....... grocer
BAKER Horace R. ....... managing clerk to Messrs.
                        Colchester & Ball
BARBER Alfred ......... butcher
BARNES John jnr. ...... boot maker
BENTLEY George ........ butcher, North st.
BIGNELL Frances M. Mrs. baker
BLACKWELL Albert ...... coal dealer
BRIDGEMAN Robert ...... shopkeeper
BYE & ENNION .......... solicitors
CHAPMAN Mark .......... outfitter
CLARK Sarah Mrs. ...... shopkeeper
COLCHESTER & BALL ..... chemical manure
                        manufacturers & brick,
                        tile & drainpipe makers
DANBY Brothers ........ plumbers
DOE John .............. shoe maker
DOE Richard ........... saddler
ELLIS Harry ........... hair dresser
ENNION & ENNION ....... solicitors
ENNION Edgar Rowland .. solicitor (firm,
                        Ennion & Ennion)
ENNION Sidney John .... solicitor (firm,
                        Ennion & Ennion)
FAIRCLIFF James G. .... farm bailiff to
                        Robert Stevenson esq. D.L., J.P.
FULLER Brothers ....... turf merchants
FULLER John ........... beer retailer
FULLER William P. ..... builder, Causeway
GUYATT Wm. ............ mineral water manufacturer,
                        The Causeway
HARDY Arthur .......... tailor
HAWKES Susan Mrs. ..... draper
HEFFER John ........... carpenter, High town
HOBBS & TIMS .......... millers (wind & steam)
HOBBS George .......... grocer, North st.
HOWE Bert ............. carrier
HUNT Arthur J. ........ builder
HUNT Charles .......... grocer, North st.
HUNT Frederick ........ bricklayer
HUNT George ........... dairyman
HURRELL Herbert ....... butcher
KNOTT Bert Charles .... basket maker
KNOTT Henry Chas. ..... boat proprietor
LAWRENCE Nathan ....... blacksmith
LE PLA Fredk. ......... Droford mineral water wks.
LE PLA William Henry .. fruit grower
MANSFIELD George ...... cycle dealer
MARTIN Percy .......... wheelwright
MASON George Jabez .... miller (wind; & farmer)
MASON Thomas .......... carter
MORLEY Benjamin ....... drug stores
MURFET John ........... blacksmith
PARR Robert William ... nurseryman
PARR Walter ........... beer retailer
PEACHEY Ebenezer Wrn. . cattle dealer
PEACHEY George ........ boot maker
PITCHES Harry ......... cycle agent
RUSTON A. H. & A. ..... solicitors (friday, 1 to 6)
SABERTON Sidney
   Luddington ......... butcher
SAUNDERS William ...... farm bailiff to
                        Mr. B. Mitcham
SHAW John ............. grocer
SMITH Alfred .......... beer retailer
SMITH Mark ............ butcher
STEPHENSON Robert
   & Son Ltd. ......... portland cement
                        manufacturers
TURNER Jabez &
   Frederick .......... threshing machine owners
TURNER John ........... hair dresser
TURNER Stephen ........ beer retailer
WATTS Grimmer ......... baker
WILSON, HOWARD & Co. .. chemists & druggists

PUBLIC HOUSES
ALLDRITT Thos. Clemson  "Anchor inn"
CHAPMAN Jabez ......... "Rose inn"
FLINT George .......... "White Horse"
FULLER Ann Mrs. ....... "Five Bells"
HARDING Harry ......... "King William IV"
NICHOLLS Thomas ....... "Fox"
_______________________ "Crown"

A car-coach c.1914