Richard Fitz Alan , I0th Earl of Arundel
9th Earl of Surrey.
Weir shows all the children as Eleanor`s but the Compleat Peerage says otherwise.Source: Royal Genealogy information at Univ. of Hull - Internet - Brian Tompsett
"Copped Hat"
Lancaster, House of, English royal dynasty that included three monarchs, Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI, and ruled from 1399 to 1461 and from 1470 to 1471. The name originated in 1267, when Henry III conferred the title of Earl of Lancaster on his second son, Edmund Crouchback (1245-96). In 1351 Edmund`s grandson, Henry of Lancaster (1299?-1361), was made 1st Duke of Lancaster. He left no sons, but his daughter Blanche (died 1369) married John of Gaunt, the forth son of Edward III; in 1362, John was made Duke of Lancaster, and thus Lancaster was established as the name of a royal house. In 1385 the title Duke of York was given to John of Gaunt`s younger brother, Edmund of Langley (1341-1402), whose descendants established the rival royal house of York, the latter fought the house of Lancaster in the Wars of the Roses and then superseded it.
"Lancaster, House of ", Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk and Wagnall`s Corporation
-"Was wounded in a fight with the Indians July 27, 1694 which almost wholly prevented him from manuel labor."
Whitney Genealogy p. 22
1995 - The Whitney family, according to the computor at the Morman Family Center and many pedigrees in World Family Trees CD Roms Vols. I, II, and III, descends from most of the Royal Families of medieval England. - follow:
Whitney, Touchet, De Holland; and Whitney through Baskerville -
1998 - THIS IS HIGHLY SUSPECT SEE NOTE UNDER THOMAS WHITNEY born 1560Wp Sep 1718
Wp Sep 1718
Sir James Baron of Audley Touchet
Baron of Audley, died at the Battle of Blore Heath during the War of the Roses
Sir Robert de Holand, 1st Lord Holand of Upholland, Lancaster. Justice of Chester several times 1307-20; sheriff of County Flint, 1307, 1312; Governor of Beeston Castle, county Chester; founded a college of priests in the Chapel of St. Thomas at Upholland, 1310, later altered to a Priory of Benedictine monks; summoned to Parliament 20 Jul 1314 to 15 May 1321. Lost his lands for insurrection with the Duke of Lancaster against the King, but at accession of Edward III petitioned for restitution, granted 1327. Executed 7 Oct 1328 in Boreham Wood, and buried at Grey Friar's Church, Preston, county Lancaster, to which he had been a notable benefactor.
"Renowned for her beauty. The youngest daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent and youngest son of Edward I, Joan was still only an infant at her father`s exercution in 1330 and was brought up by the Earl and Countess of Salisbury, who doubtless intended her for their own son.
A genuine love affair may therefore lie behind the twelve-year-old Joan`s exchange of vows before witnesses with Holland and sexual intercourse with him in May 1340. Such a contract, though clandestine and involving no relegious ceremony, constituted a valid marriage in the eyes of the Church. Innitially, it was kept secret and in 1340-1, during Holland`s absence in Prussia, Joan-still only thirteen- was married publicly to William Montagu, the future 2nd Earl of Salisbury, who presumably knew nothing of her earlier marriage. They lived together as man and wife until 1347 when Holland commenced a suit of nullity, which Montagu resisted - he appears to have been genuinely fond of Joan - but which Holland successfully concluded with Joan`s support in 1349. Following his death in 1360, she was married to Edward of Woodstock, the Black Prince, eldest son of Edward III. He was the third distinguished soldier and knight of the Garter to become her husband...
Once married, however, Joan almost disappears from the historical record, except for the monotony of childbirth: three sons and three daughters to Holland, two sons to the Black Prince."
from : K.P. Wentersdorf, "The Clandestine Marriages of the Fair Maid of Kent", JOURNAL OF MEDIEVAL HISTORY, 5, 1979 as contained in - Who`s Who in Late Medieval England, 1991 by Michael Hinks
Alias:<ALIA> The Fair Maid of /Kent/
Her marriage to William De Montecute wasbigamous. It was annulled by
the Pope and she was ordered to return to Thomas Holland.
Baroness Wake[91502.ftw]
Her marriage to William De Montecute wasbigamous. It was annulled by
the Pope and she was ordered to return to Thomas Holland.
Baroness Wake
Lancaster, House of, English royal dynasty that included three monarchs, Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI, and ruled from 1399 to 1461 and from 1470 to 1471. The name originated in 1267, when Henry III conferred the title of Earl of Lancaster on his second son, Edmund Crouchback (1245-96). In 1351 Edmund`s grandson, Henry of Lancaster (1299?-1361), was made 1st Duke of Lancaster. He left no sons, but his daughter Blanche (died 1369) married John of Gaunt, the forth son of Edward III; in 1362, John was made Duke of Lancaster, and thus Lancaster was established as the name of a royal house. In 1385 the title Duke of York was given to John of Gaunt`s younger brother, Edmund of Langley (1341-1402), whose descendants established the rival royal house of York, the latter fought the house of Lancaster in the Wars of the Roses and then superseded it.
"Lancaster, House of ", Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk and Wagnall`s Corporation
Henry III, (1207 - 1272), king 1216-72, was the son of John I. Became king
under a regency; was granted full powers in 1227. Against advise of Hubert
De Burgh, chief justiciar and greatest power in Government, he led
unsuccessful expedition to Gascony and Brittany. Dismissed De Burgh in
1232 and began a reign of extravagance, absolutism, and general
incapacity. Spent vast sums on futile war in Gascony. Henry`s absolutism
and his attempt to put his son Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, on Sicilian
throne eventually led to outbreak of Baron`s War ( 1263 ). Simon de
Montfort, leader of barons, won at Lewes and summonded ( 1265 ) a famous
Parliament. Another son, Edward ( later Edward I ) led royal troops to
victory at Eversham where Montfort was killed. From 1267 Edward was
actually ruler and Henry king in name only.-- COLUMBIA VIKING DESK ENCYCLOPEDIA --
"Henry III (1207-72), king of England (1216-72) reigned for longer than any other Engliah monach until the 18th century. Yet his personality has often been obscurred by the rush of events, his achievements clouded by the incessant problems of sustaining royal power. To nationalist and constitutional historians of the last century or more, Henry has appeared as a tyrannical hindrance to the progress of parliamentary government or as a cosmopolitan traitor to the growth of English independence....
He suffered humiliations at the hands of his own subjects beyond those of any king since the Conquest, but his policy utimately prevailed...
Henry provoked anger because he behaved as a King not as a chairman of a baronical Round Table. Thus much critism was directed at his appointments, his distribution of potronage and, as in 1238,1242,and 1255-8, his failure to consult over controversial, expensive or disastrous decisions, respectively the marriage of his sister Eleanor to Simon De Montfort, his botched attempt to recapture Poitou and the Sicilian business. there were two possible solutions to this inherent tension. Formal baronical control of the royal perogative; or the strengthening of royal authority as the undisputed head of the community of the relm supported by consent and obedience. The verdict of Henry`s reign, uneasily and bloodily reached, was clear. The conundrums bequeathed by the Minority were resolved by 1272 in the monarchy`s favor.....
A moody, affectionate, excitable, energetic, thoughtful and devout man, Henry was unfortunate that his virtues were unheroic and his weaknesses damaging. Yet while there may have been better monarchs to rule England, there have been few better men."
source - Who`s Who in Early Medieval England, Christopher Tyerman, 1996 London
following from RootWeb WorldConnectOur Research
29825 total entries, last updated Wed Sep 12 09:18:30 2001
All questions, comments or suggestions regarding information on
this page should be addressed to: Alice Gedge <[email protected]>ID: I1436
Name: Henry III King of England
Given Name: Henry III
NSFX: King of England
Sex: M
Birth: 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester, Hampshire, England
Death: 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster, Middlesex, England
Reference Number: 8010608.2+
_UID: 37F5C9C25A66D511B4DE99B85F718F39D82E
Note:
! (1) "History of England," by W.E. Lunt. 4th ed. (Harper & Row, New York, 1957) p.105,139-153,160,166,167,189,191,193,194,198.
(2) "Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700," by Frederick Lewis Weis, 7th ed. (Genealogical Pub. Co., Baltimore) p.3,20. Cites: (a) G.E. Cokayne's (new revised) "Complete Peerage" V 736. (b) "Century Cyclopedia of Names" 356,494. (d) "Dictionary of National Biography" 26:12, 17:179.
(3) "The Descendants of James and Sarah (VanMeter) Davis of Frederick County, Virginia, With Related Families," by Gary Wayne Watson, p.161-163. Cites: (a) "Historie Genealogique et Chronologique de la Maison Royale de France des Pairs, Grand Officiers de la Couronne & de la Maison du Roy; & des anciena Barons du Roysume," by Pere Anselme de St. Marie, Vol. 1, p.448; Vol. 2, p.476. (b) "Burke's Guide to the Royal Family," p.196.Birth: (1) Age 9 in 1216 (b. 1207), s/o John. (2,3) 1 Oct 1207. (2) Winchester. (1,3) s/o John "Lackland"/Isabella of Angouleme. (3) Winchester Castle, Hampshire, England.
Marriage to Eleanor of Provence: (1) Early in 1236. (2) 24 or 25 Jan 1236/7, Canterbury. (3) 14 Jan 1236, Canterbury, England.
Death: (1) Late in 1272. (2,3) 16 Nov 1272. (2) Westminster. (3) Westminster, Middlesex, England.(1,2) 1216-1272: King of England.
(1) 1216: Was only nine when his father died. John had designated Henry as his heir before he died and committed him to the keeping of William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke. The loyal barons had Henry crowned, and, meeting in council, appointed Marshal keeper of king and kingdom, assisted by Hubert de Burgh, the justiciar, Peter des Roches, bishop of Winchester and Henry's tutor, and Guala, a papal legate. William Marshal died in 1219, and during his last illness committed the keeping of the king to the pope and the legate who represented him. The legate at that time was Pandulph. In practice he ruled with Hubert de Burgh, the justiciar and Peter des Roches, the tutor. The government thus conducted was weak. (3) 1216-1272: King of England.
(1) 1227: The king's minority came to an end with a formal declaration in the great council to that effect. In actual practice there was little change in the government, even though Henry now ruled legally in his own name. He left the government mostly in the hands of Hubert de Burgh.
(1) 1229: France had invaded the English lands in Aquitaine and conquered the northern part. Henry summoned his English vassals to follow him to Acquitaine, and they came to the port of embarkation in such numbers that there were not enough ships to transport them, and the sailing had to be postponed. Henry attributed the lack of ships to Hubert's policies, who doubted the wisdom of the campaign, and accused him of being a traitor. On the campaign the king proved an incapable leader and nothing was gained. Henry attributed the failure to Hubert. After Hubert tacitly supported a movement against Italian clergymen appointed by the pope, he was dismissed from his office in disgrace in 1232. The fall of Hubert placed the king under the moral domination of Peter des Roches, who persuaded the king to confer offices upon his relatives, friends and subordinates.
(1) 1233: Some of the barons, in alliance with the Welsh, revolted. Henry sent Peter away from court and made peace with the Barons when the archbishop threatened to excommunicate him. He more or less attempted to rule without advisers, but he was ill fitted to carry on a government of this type. He had too mild and genial a disposition. He was a better man in private life than any of his Angevin predeccessors, he had strong religious feeling, and he was more pious than the average king of the Middle Ages. He was very intelligent and well educated. But he was immediately subject to the influence of any stronger personality with which he came into contact. His actions consequently were capricious. He rarely exerted sufficient force and energy to carry any policy to a successful termination before he abandoned it for another. He seemed incapable of distinguishing between wise and foolish policies. With his artistic temperament and aesthetic tastes, he found more pleasure in the company of the polished foreigners who appealed more strongly to his intellectual interests and flattered more successfully his self-esteem than his English barons, and his family relationships necessarily brought many of them to his court. The English disliked the foreigners. They also disliked Henry's extravagance, for which he made frequent demands for money for expenses that the barons regarded as unjustifiable. Henry sent a lot of money to the pope, and popular opinion opposed the what was believed to be the greed of the papal court and papal administrative corruption.
(1) 1236: After his marriage, a large number of his wife's relatives from Poitou arrived in England to seek their fortunes. They in turn summoned their retainers and friends. Thus was introduced into English public life a new foreign strain of Savoyards and Provencals. Henry showered favors upon them, and they rapidly acquired wealth and positions of influence. Too many of them justified the charges of haughtiness, lawlessness and greed of which the English accused them.
(1) 1254: The Pope conferred upon his son Edmund the crown of Sicily. Although the pope claimed the right to dispose of the kingdom of Sicily in his capacity of suzerain, he was not in actual possession. In fact he had for some time been waging war against the occupant of the throne, and it was his need for financial and military aid which caused him to bestow the crown on Edmund. As part of the price of this crown, which was still to be won, Henry agreed to pay a debt of over 90,000 lbs. previously contracted by the papacy in its prosecution of the war. Part of the money was raised by a tax imposed on the English clergy by the pope.
(1) 1258: Henry failed to meet one of the installments of his payments to the pope. He was threatened by ecclesiastical censure by the pope, and appealed to the great council for financial help. They agreed to consider an aid only if the king would allow them to reform the government and the pope would modify the terms of the Sicilian contract. The king was forced to give way, and the barons began a series of experiments in government which made an end of Henry's personal rule and for a time placed power in the hands of a baronial oligarchy.
(1) 1259: Negotiated the Treaty of Paris with Louis IX of France. He resigned all claims to the former Angevin lands conquered by Philip Augustus in 1204 and 1205 except Aquitaine, and agreed to render Acquitaine the homage which he had hitherto refused. Louis IX acknowledged Henry to be Duke of Aquitaine, pledging himself to add to the duchy some of the lands which he had recently taken from it, but the promised cession of territory was not made.
(1) 1261: The development of factions among the ruling barons gave him an opportunity to dismiss the baronial council and put his own partisans in their places. Two years of chaos followed where in some counties officials appointed by the previous council received obediance, and in others the new officers appointed by the king's council had the power. In 1263 both sides armed for war.
(1) 1264: With inferior forces, Simon de Montfort's baronial forces outmaneuvered the king's army at the Battle of Lewes, defeated it, and captured the king. Henry agreed to a new settlement, called the Mise of Lewes, which established a baronial council of nine, dominated by Simon. The new government left the king with so little power that some of the barons who had followed Simon transferred their support to the king.
(1) 1265: In the battle of Evesham, Simon was killed and his followers scattered. Henry immediately resumed royal authority, the baronial council was removed, the officials appointed by the barons were replaced by royal appointees, and the acts of the revolutionary government were declared invalid.
(1) For the remainder of his reign, Henry was at peace. His son Prince Edward was in fact, though not in name, the ruler of the kingdom until he went on a crusade in 1270.