John Lackland Plantagenetb. 24 December 1167, d. 19 October 1216, #23317
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Person Page 23317
| Father | Henry II Curtmantle , King of England b. 5 March 1133, d. 6 July 1189 | |
| Mother | Dutchess Eleanor of Aquitaine b. circa 1122, d. 1 April 1204 |
| HYPER* | HYPERLINK this file: Pix/tx\C:\Books\PIX/2 pix John Lackland.1 | |
| Name Variation | John Lackland Plantagenet was also found as John Lackland, King of England. | |
| Birth* | 24 December 1167 | John Lackland was born on 24 December 1167 at Oxford, Oxfordshire, England. The date of 1166 is given by the Bigs Kings Chart, but this is likely a error due to the calendar change.2,3,4,5,6,7,8 |
| !AInfoNew* | 1177 | In 1177 he became the King of Ireland.3 |
| research* | 1177 | How did he become the King of Ireland? He must have been given this land to rule by his father as at 11 years old he surely did not "conquer" Ireland. |
| !AInfoNew | It should be noted that there is a great variety of assertions as to John's concubines. By some reasonable accounts, he has had 18 children by two wives and six mistresses, while other sources may only list the children by his wives. No one knows for sure, and I have only listed those here that appear in multiple publications. It appears that he was associated with at least 7 women.9 | |
| !AInfoNew | 1177 | John had at least these children by mothers unknown by Mann: Richard RitzRoy; Osbert Gifford; Geoggrey FitzRoy; John FitzJohn de Courcey' Odo RitzRoy; Ivo; Henry; Richard; Matilda and Isabella la Blanche. Bradley says of Isabella: Isabel La Blanche was born in England, about 1192. Isabel died 1313 at age 121. Of Geoffrey: Geofrey Fitz_roy was born, about 1192. Geofrey died 1205 in Rochell, Charentemaritime, France, at age 13. of John: John Fitz_roy was born in Lincolnshire, England, about 1192. John died after 1201 at age unknown. of Henry: Henry Fitz_roy was born in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England, about 1192. of Eudo or Odo: Eudo Fitz_roy was born in Essex, England, about 1192. Eudo died before 1242.5,10 |
| AssocWith* | John Lackland Plantagenet was associated with Suzanne de Warenne though not married. They had at least one child, Richard FitzJohn and possibly another, Geoffrey Fitz-roy born about 1192. Geoffrey died 1205 in Rochell, Charentemaritime, France, at age 13. Also some times attributed to this union are , John, Henry, Eudo and Ivo FitzRoy. Ivo may have been born about 1194 in Essex England.3,1,8 | |
| AssocWith* | John was associated with Hawise de Tracy though not married.3 | |
| Note* | John and Hawise may have had the following children: Oliver,( tho' his mother is thought to be Susanna by some sources) FitzRoy, (That is the son of the King ) Geoffrey ( de Courcy) John FitzJohn, Knight or Clerk of Lincoln Odo (Eudo) FitzRoy Ivo Henry Richard, Constable Wallingford Csl Matilda, Abbess of Barking Blanche, Isabella la Mann does not give these children to Hawise but rather to unknown. Mann names only Oliver. Bradley names only Oliver to this mother.3,5,10 | |
| AssocWith* | before 1187 | John was associated with Agatha Ferrers though not married. This liason is not mentioned by Denis Reed in his work. She has been put forth by many as the mother of Joan of England the illigitimate dau. of King John "Lackland" but Joan's maternity is a matter of heated debate to this day.3,11,12 |
| Title* | 1189 | John Lackland Plantagenet held the title of an unknown place which was granted in 1189.3 |
| Marriage* | 29 August 1189 | John Lackland Plantagenet, 21 years old, married Countess Isabelle de Clare of Gloucester, daughter of William 2nd Earl of Gloucester and Hawise de Beaumont, 29 August 1189 in Marlebridge Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.3,6,10 |
| Title | September 1189 | John Lackland Plantagenet took the title of an unknown place as the result of his marriage to the Countess of Gloucester.3 |
| !AInfoNew | John Lackland was on the list of those who had plotted against his father, Henry I, but was not successful in plotting against his brother, Richard. Richard gave him lands in Normandy and England, but these were not enough. While Richard was imprisoned, John unsuccessfully rebelled several times. Upon Richard's return, he was reprimanded and kept out of trouble for the last five years of his brother's reign and earned the succession to the throne. John was respected as successor in England, but in Anjou, Maine, and Touraine Arthur, son of Geoffrey of Brittany, was recognized as sovereign. John persuaded Philip II to oust the twelve-year-old Arthur and became Lord of the Angevin Empire. He then annulled his marriage to Isabella of Gloucester, whom Richard had betrothed to him, and, in an effort to unite the two halves of his empire, married Isabella of Angouleme. Unfortunately, John's bride's former fiance appealed to Philip II, and Philip declared all of John's recent acquisitions forfeit. John captured Arthur shortly after his possessions were forfeited. Arthur disappeared and the murder has never been proven. Determined to get his territory back, John levied high taxes on his nobles. This also came at the time of a conflict with Pope Innocent III. John refused to accept the papal appointment to the position of Archbishop of Canterbury. The pope punished John by placing England and Wales under an interdict and excommunicating John a year later. John, however, needed papal support to win his invasion of France. John made England a papal fief and invaded. In 1214, John lost the Battle of Bovines and the English barons had enough. In 1215, the barons seized London and forced John to sign the Magna Carta at Runnymead. John had no intention of living up to the document, and the barons looked to Louis of France, Philip's son, for aid. Louis invaded England in 1216. John died that year in October with a nine-year old son as his successor.13 | |
| Acceded* | 27 May 1199 | At the death of of his brother Richard the Lionharted who died in 1189,John Lackland Plantagenet acceded the throne of at England on 27 May 1199 at London. And reigned until his death in 1216. John was a Plantagenet king of the House of Anjou. Best known for signing the Magna Charta. John's reign had become increasingly tyrannical. To support his wars he had extorted money, raised taxes and confiscated properties. His barons finally united to force him to respect their rights and privileges. John had little choice but to sign the Magna Charta presented to him by his barons at Runnymede in 1215. This made him subject rather than superior to the law. Shortly afterward John and the barons were at war.3,6 |
| research | 1200 | Find 1200 Some paragraphs need to be re dated. Print and sort paragraphs. |
| Divorce* | 1200 | John Lackland Plantagenet and Countess Isabelle de Clare of Gloucester were divorced in 1200. The marriage was annulled about 1200 on the grounds of consanguinity (a close family relationship).3,6 |
| Marriage* | 26 August 1200 | John Lackland Plantagenet, 32 years old, married Isabella Taillefeur of Angoulême, daughter of Amyer Count of Angoulême and Alix de Courtenay, 26 August 1200 in Bordeaux, France. European Dynasties gives a date of 24 August for this marriages, all other sources give 26 August.14,1 |
| (Witness) !AInfoNew | 1202 | William de Braose captured Arthur, Count of Brittany at Mirebeau in 1202 and was in charge of his imprisonment for King John. He was well rewarded in February 1203 with the grant of Gower. He may have had knowledge of the murder of Arthur and been bribed to silence by King John with the city of Limerick in July. His honours reached their peak when he was made Sheriff of Herefordshire by John for 1206-7. He had held this office under Richard from 1192 to 1199.15 |
| !AInfoNew* | 1202 | The story goes: William de Broase captured Arthur of Brittany for King John. King John kept him alive in prison for some time. John was elated at the victory and ordered that the prisoner should be castrated and blinded. William objected, threatening to return to England, but John begged him to stay loyal. Arthur escaped John's order thanks to the compassion of his jailers. They put about a false story that their young prisoner had died. At length in the castle of Rouen after dinner on the Thursday before Easter when he was drunk and possessed by the Devil, John slew Arthur with his own hand, and tying a heavy stone to the body cast it into the Seine. It was discovered by a fisherman in his net, and being dragged to the bank and recognised, was taken for secret burial. There is no proof that this is what happened but William de Broase DID capture Arthur.16 |
| !AInfoNew | 1203 | Some held William de Broase personally responsible for the death of Arthur. Others said he received the king's bribes to keep silent and his greed degenerated to blackmail. Suspicion focused on July 1203, when William received the city of Limerick and became one of king John's most powerful companions. William, already a royal favourite, had gained north Munster in Ireland two years before Arthur's death. Henry II once granted it to his uncle Philip de Braose. John demanded huge fees for these lands, but William probably never intended to pay. In October 1202 John granted William the custody of Glamorgan castle and four months later he received Gower. In 1206 the de Braoses' power increased still further. William received the "three castles", Whitecastle, Grosmont and Skenfrith, but again for a high fee. The king also re-appointed him sheriff of Hereford plus justice itinerant of Gloucester. King John's troubles multiplied when he lost Normandy, then in 1207 when the pope imposed Stephen Langton as archbishop of Canterbury. John's resistance provoked a papal interdict on England and the people suffered the distress of being unable to bury the dead, receive mass or confess their sins. Many nobles, the archbishop and several prominent churchmen, including Giles de Braose, bishop of Hereford, fled to France where king Philip encouraged the exiles in their intrigues against John.16 |
| AssocWith* | John Lackland was also associated with Matilda Giffard though not married.17 | |
| !AInfoNew | 1205 | His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he lost several continental possesions including Normandy by 1205.3 |
| (Witness) !AInfoNew | In 1210, King John "LackLand", shut up Maud de Braose, wife of William de Braose and her son in a dungeon with only a bacon and some oat bread to sustain them. This was an extension of the old arguements between William de Braose and King John Lackland. After eleven days the prison cell was opened and both were found dead. William sat upright on a chair, his face turned to the wall. The body of his mother embraced her child. She seemed to have died kissing his cheeks but closer inspection revealed that they had been chewed away.16 | |
| !AInfoNew | John Lackland may have had a daughter named Isabel la Blanche who was born about 1192 by an unknown concubine. She married Richard Fitz_Ive and is purported to have died in 1313 which does not seem correct. | |
| !AInfoNew | 1215 | The French Army invaded. John sent urgent instructions for Knepp's valuables to be moved safely to Bramber castle but his southern strongholds, including Bramber, fell to Louis of France. In his flight, the king took an army to Hereford and summoned Reginald de Braose and the princes of Wales to join him in a pact of peace. He was humiliated in his efforts and burned Hay and Radnor castles in a continuing pursuit of Reginald, despite the danger posed by the French invasion.18 |
| !AInfoNew | 1215 | John was forced to signed the Magna Carta at England in 1215 by his Barons. His later repudiation of the charter led to the first barons war 1215-17 during which John died.3 |
| Death* | 19 October 1216 | John Lackland died on 19 October 1216 at Newark, at Nottinghamshire, at England at age 48. King John, also known as Lackland or Softsword, was the youngest son of Henry II. Between 1200 and 1204 he fought increasingly losing campaigns to hold onto his Continental possessions. In England he was responsible for refining the government and was instrumental in the spread of literacy. King John, despite his bad reputation, was possibly one of the most learned of all the English kings. He was a keen historian and lawgiver who enjoyed nothing more than to stand in judgement on his peoples. This keen sense of involvement in the running of the kingdom no doubt helped antagonise his baronage, who quite rightly thought that their many privileges were under threat. Magna Carta was the work of an admittedly unwilling King John and his impressive legal advisors, not the rag tag army of discontented barons who faced him at Runnymede. In 1216 when faced by the invasion of a French army he refused to fight them on the coast as, we are told, his history books well reminded him of the fate of a previous king in 1066 who did just that! John's refusal to risk all on one decisive battle led to the long civil war of 1216-8. He died of dysentery at Newark in October 1216 after the infamous loss of his treasure in the Wash. After an apparently hospitable banquet at Kings Lynn, John fell seriously ill. He was travelling with his entire royal baggage but lost it all in the quicksands of the Wash. When he died at Newark on October 18, 1216, servants stripped him of his few remaining personal possessions.19,8,20,21,3,18 |
| Burial* | John was interred in Worcester, England. Need to get date and some more info about this burial.3,10 | |
| CauseDeath* | The cause of death was Dysentery.21,22 | |
| !AInfoNew | 1217 | The last item recorded on John's patent roll was a gift of land in the royal forest of Aconbury, near Holme Lacy. It was for Margaret de Lacy, daughter of William and Maud de Braose, so that she could establish an Augustinian convent and chantry chapel in memory of her mother, father and brother. She may have buried her mother there. Her brother William was most likely buried at Sele priory, in Upper Beeding. |
| Family 1 | Suzanne de Warenne b. circa 1170 | |
| Children | 1. | Richard FitzJohn of Dover+ b. c 1186, d. b Jan 12533 |
| 2. | Geofrey FitzRoy b. c 1192, d. 1205 |
| Family 2 | Hawise de Tracy | |
| Child | 1. | Oliver Plantagenet b. c 1187, d. Oct 121923 |
| Family 3 | Agatha Ferrers b. 1168 | |
| Child | 1. | Joan of England+ b. c 1187, d. 2 Feb 1237 |
| Family 4 | Matilda Giffard b. circa 1185 | |
| Child | 1. | Osbert Giffard b. c 120510 |
| Family 5 | Isabella Taillefeur of Angoulême b. 1188, d. 31 May 1246 | |
| Children | 1. | Henry III , King of England+ b. 1 Oct 1207, d. 12 Nov 127214 |
| 2. | Richard Earl of Cornwall+ b. 5 Jan 1209, d. 2 Apr 1272 | |
| 3. | Joane Plantagenet b. 22 Jul 1210, d. 4 Mar 1237/38 | |
| 4. | Isabella Elizabeth Plantagenet+ b. 1214, d. 1 Dec 1241 | |
| 5. | Eleanor Plantagenet+ b. 1215, d. 13 Apr 1275 |
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Compiler: Pomala Black
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