Thomas was once thought to have been the servant or falconer to Sir Arthur Haselrig (Only a person who flies a falcon at wild quarry is entitled to call themselves a Falconer. The art of Falconry was most popular among the upper classes of Europe) He is now known to have been a client of Haselrig, and a minor landowner in Leicestershire in his own right. Also as a reward for the valiant services he rendered to the cause, Col. Horton was granted the confiscated lands of a deposed royalist in Cardiff,Wales.
Sir Arthur Haselrig had a manor located nine miles northeast of Gumley, Leicestershire, England. Sir Arthur, whose considerable career in national politics has been noticed by several historians, delighted in the country pastimes of hawking and falconry. Oliver Cromwell, a long-time friend of Sir Arthur, also loved hawking and this circumstance combined with the common religious and political views which both men held, brought them together, Sir Arthur, Oliver Cromwell and joined by Thomas Horton.
Thomas Horton's life was unquestionably shaped by these two who were his contemporaries, Cromwell (to whose cause Thomas devoted his life, was born in 1599)and Sir Arthur Haselrig,who was born in 1601. Ironically, a third individual whose life affected Thomas Horton to a high degree, was also born in 1600: Charles I who became King of England in 1625. Since Thomas played an important role in the momentous events of his time, much more is known of his life than of any of his Leicestershire family.
Thomas Horton was born in the final years of the reign of Elizabeth I. The succession to the throne of James I in 1603 marked the beginning of a course that would eventually lead to the complex series of struggles known as the English Civil War (1642-1649).
Thomas Horton was bought up on the same religious views that Cromwell and Sir Arthur shared. Brought together, then, in the country pastime of hawking, the three of them shared common views, and in time, a camaraderie developed which lasted until their deaths.
Both Sir Arthur and Cromwell were devout Puritans, they joined with a group of wealthy Puritans under the leadership of John Winthrop Jr. with the intention of establishing a settlement on 1,500 acres at the mouth of the Connecticut River in the Colonies. It is thought that Thomas Horton shared their same beliefs and that he traveled to the Colonies sometime after 1630 to help prepare the way. The last record of Thomas in England was this one made in 1630:
A2A Catalogue Reference DG21,Creators: Haselrig Hamily of Noseley, Leicestershire, file - copy of Fine, reference DG21/54, date: Hilary 5 Charles I (1630): this file showed that Thomas Horton leased an estate from Sir Arthur Haselrig in Leicestershire.
Carlton Curlieu Hall, Leicestershire, home of Sir Arthur Haselrig.
It is thought that Thomas went to the Colonies with Captain John Mason sometime after 1630. They were going to build a settlement called Saybrook. It is of record that Haselrig agreed to send servants to Saybrook to prepare for his planned emigration. However, Cromwell had been prevented by the king from emigrating and by 1641, he became an outspoken Member of Parliament like Haselrig. Sir Arthur Haselrig was one of those "five members" of Parliament who were ringleaders in "prolonged and treasonous attempts to wrench away" Charles royal authority.
Thomas Horton was back in England by 1636 as evidenced by this lease: A2A Catalogue- reference DG21/58,File - Lease for one year (from Haselrig Family)date: 4th November 12 Charles I - 1636:
During the period between 1636 - 1640, Thomas was back in England (if he had ever left) by 1636, and by about 1640 he was married. There is no record of her found in England, so there is a strong possiblity that he may have married a woman from the Colonies. For "Thomas Horton and spouse" baptised their son, Thomas Horton on 13 Feb 1641 in Alveston, Warwickshire, England. There is a possibility that Thomas married a sister or close relative of his army friend Philip Jones; several of the Jones name were baptised in the Liston Congregation of Rev. Myles and later emigrated to Rehoboth and Swansea, Massachusetts. Philip Jones (1618 - 1674) joined the Parliament side early in the Civil War; by 1645 he was captain of the Swansea Garrison; in 1646, a colonel, and very prominent as Horton's chief Henchman at the battle of St. Fagans (08 May 1648) He was made governor of Cardiff Castle, and acted as host to Cromwell when the latter was on his way to capture Pembroke Castle in 1649.Also the fact that Thomas named as guardians for his "only sonne" Col. J. Philip Jones, Walter Cradock, John St.Loe and Thomas' brothers John and James Horton. They were specifically charged to see that young Thomas "may be educated in the Grace of God and in Knowledge of the Ghospel of Jesus Christ......and I do give them or any three of them power to order and mannage his estate."
Sir Arthur Haselrig, as well as other prominent Puritans, had found it impossible to sell his estate without attracting the attention of Charles I's government, which was concerned with any revenue possibilities from the landed gentry. Cromwell had also been prevented by the king from emigrating and by 1641, he became an outspoken Member of Parliament like Haselrig.On 04 Jan 1642, Charles I named Sir Arthur as one of those "Five Members" of Parliament who were ringleaders in "prolonged and treasonous attempts to wrench away" his royal authority. Lacking parliamentary support to enforce his orders for their arrest, Charles I left both the House of Commons and then London, never to return until the time of his death. Economically, from Parliament down, Englishmen of all levels were deeply divided. Charles's eleven-year suspension of Parliament (1629-1649) only increased opposition to his taxation measures, his tampering with industry and trade, and his foreign policy bred a widespread suspicion of corruption in the court.
There was one other reference for Thomas Horton in the year 1636, which was: Thomas Horton of Noseley, gent.
Further proof that Thomas Horton was a contemporary and not a servant of Sir Arthur Haselrig as once thought. A servant could never hold the title "Gentleman".
By the spring of 1643, Cromwell had not only raised his own troop in his Native Huntingdonshire, but began to extend it into a regiment which would become a positive army, the New Model Army, and by May 1643 both Cromwell and Horton were colonels. Thomas in the army of Sir Thomas Fairfax; Sir Arthur was also an officer, commanding a regiment of Cuirassiers in July 1643.
Oliver Cromwell
Members of the New model Army received proper military training and by the time they went into battle they were very well-disciplined.In the past, people became officers because they came from powerful and wealthy families. In the New model Army men were promoted when they showed themselves to be good soldiers. For the first time it became possible for working-class men to become army officers.
Oliver Cromwell thought it was very important that soldiers in the New Model Army believed strongly in what they were fighting for. Where possible he recruited men who, like him, held strong Puritan views and the New Model Army went into battle singing psalms, convinced that God was on their side.
By the end of 08 May 1648 at least 700 men from Glamorgan had lost their lives - 65 came from the tiny village of St. Fagan's. most of them had died by nine o'clock in the morning. Around 8,000 royalist soldiers supporting King Charles fought against 3,000 roundhead soldiers supporting Parliament - yet the royalists lost! The army for parliament was led by Colonel Thomas Horton of the New Model Army. His mission was to stop the royalist army getting back to Cardiff to capture the castle there, so he positioned his army at the village of St. Fagan's. He got there just in time as the royalists, led by Major General Laugharne, were setting up camp only a few miles away at St. Nicholas. At seven o'clock in the morning of May 8, the battle began. The numbers did not matter. Parliament's army was well trained and well equipped. The royalists were not. In two hours,hundreds were killed and hundreds more were taken prisoner. By nine o'clock it was all over for the royalists in Wales. Although outnumbered, Horton's experienced and well disciplined army was able to defeat Laugharne's poorly armed soldiers. Over 200 of Laugharne's men were killed and another 3,000 were taken prisoner. Laugharne and what was left of his army, managed to escape back to Pembroke. Cromwell had introduced close-order cavalry formations, with troopers riding knee to knee; this was an innovation in England at the time, and was a major factor in his success. He kept his troops close together following skirmishes where they had gained superiority, rather than allowing them to chase opponents off the battlefield. This facilitated further engagements in short order, which allowed greater intensity and quick reaction to battle developments. This style of command was decisive for Major Horton and at both Marston Moor and Naseby.
House of Lords Journal, Volume 7, pub 1802,18 March 1645, pages 277-279:
List for the new Model of the Army.
For the Horse: Major Horton
In 1645, Parliament decided to form a new army of professional soldiers and amalgamated the three armies of William Waller, Earl of Essex and Earl of manchester. This army of 22,000 men became known as the New model Army. Its commander-in-chief was General Thomas Fairfax, while Oliver Cromwell was put in charge of its cavalry. On the outbreak of civil war, Thomas joined Haselrig's famous regiment of Cuirassiers, the "Lobsters", which was part of the army of Sir William Waller thoughout 1643-44. Horton transferred to the New Model Army in 1645 as a major in Colonel Butler's regiment. House of Commons journal, Volume 3, pub. 1802, 24 June 1643, pages 142-144:
Resolved, that Colonel Horton be recommended unto my Lord Inchiquin, to have the command which Sir William Ogle formerly had in Ireland.
He fought on the Parliamentarian left flank at the battle of Naseby in June 1645, and was badly wounded in the rout that followed prince Rupert's devastating charge.
Thomas Hortons' wound kept him out of commission for about eight months.
Naseby, Northamptonshire, 14 June 1645:
The Royalist foot, deployed in two lines and supported by squadrons of horse, was commanded by the veteran Lord Astley. Behind Astley was King Charles with his lifeguard of horse flanked by his own and Rupert's regiments of foot, and these in turn flanked by cavalry detachments. On the Royalist left flank, Langdale's Northern Horse faced Cromwell and Horton; on the Royalist right, Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice faced Ireton.
On the Parliamentarian right flank, Cromwell led his Ironsides in a controlled charge to meet the advancing veterans of Langdale's Northern Horse. In a fierce struggle, the Royalists were steadily driven back by weight of numbers. Having driven the Northern Horse from the field, Cromwell turned his disciplined troopers and led a devastating attack on the exposed right flank of the Royalist infantry. This proved to be the decisive stroke of the battle. At the same time, Colonel Okey led his dragoons in a charge on the opposite flank while the remnants of Ireton's cavalry rallied and joined the assult.
King Charles I
From Scope and Content:
Thomas Horton querents.
Thomas Horton, Encyclopedia (directory), egran.com, January, 1648:
Colonel Thomas Horton was a commissioner of the high court of justice in 1648 and as a army officer he had to sit as a judge at the King's trial and sign the death warrant. He was the 40th signer of the death warrant.
Trial of King Charles I.
The Death Warrant contains the Seals and Signatures of the members of the High Court of Justice. Thomas Horton is the 40th signer.
King Charles died under the executioner's axe on January 30, 1649.
The beheading of King Charles I.
Exactly when Thomas first had joined a Baptist congregation is not clear. Baptist congregations took the name from their belief that adult baptism by immersion was an outward sign of Christian faith and repentance. The denomination had begun in England by 1608 and experienced a period of rapid growth during the Commonwealth period. A Baptist congregation meeting in the Glass House in London recorded many adult baptisms in the spring of 1649. Those months following the execution at Whitehall were a time of spiritual uncertainty for many Puritans, and, for some, guilt resulting from their part in the death of the king. Thomas may have joined this group, along with John Myles, a former chaplain with the Parliamentarian forces in South Wales. Myles returned for a time to Liston, Glamorganshire, with renewed zeal to preach spiritual peace to war-weary Welshmen. Sampson Mason, a possible younger Mason became a Baptist and returned to New England where he and Myles were later among the founders of the first Baptist church in Massachusetts, at Rehoboth, later Swansea.
Thomas Horton's appointment of a Baptist minister as one of his son's guardians in his first will, and the bequest for the "Saints in Wales" in his second, are strong evidence that he had experienced a spiritual conversion, either in London or after his return to Wales as Cromwell's commissioner.
House of Commons Journal, Volume 5, pub 1802, 11 May 1648, pages 556-557:
Victory in Wales.
A letter from Colonel Horton, of the eighth of May 1648, from the Field, relating a very great Victory it has pleased God to bestow upon the Forces under his Command, in totally routing and overthrowing all the Forces in South Wales, was this Day read.
Major Bethell and Captain Mercer, who brought this Letter, were called in; and did make a full Relation of all the Proceedings of the great Victory obtained, by the great Mercy of God, against all the Enemies in South Wales.
Thanksgiving Day.
Resolved, &c. That Wednesday next be appointed for a Day of publick Thanksgiving to Almighty God, for his great mercy and Blessing, in giving so great and seasonable a Victory to the Parliament Forces, under the Command of Colonel Horton,over all the Forces of the Enemy in South Wales, on Monday the eighth of this instant May 1648; to be observed within the City of London, and Liberties thereof, late Lines of Communication, and weekly Bills of Mortality; And that the Lord Mayor be desired to give timely Notice hereof to all the Ministers within the Places aforesaid. The Lords Concurrence to be desired herein. Resolved, &c. That Wednesday next come Three Weeks be appointed for a Day of Publick Thanksgiving to Almighty God, for his great Mercy and Blessing, in giving so great and seasonable a Victory to the Parliament Forces under the command of Colonel Horton, over all the Forces of the Enemy in South Wales, on Monday the Eighth of this instant May 1648; to be observed in all the Places throughout the Kingdom of England, and Dominion of Wales: And that the Members do send Copies of this Order into the several respective Places for which they serve.
Horton, &c. thanked.
Ordered, That Mr. Herbert do prepare a Letter, to be signed by Mr. Speaker, of thanks, to be given to Colonel Horton, and the Officers and Soldiers of his Brigade, for their gallant Service performed in the late Victory obtained against the Enemies Forces in South Wales.
A Great Victory In Wales, The Battle of St Fagans - 8th May 1648 - Author: Dave Webb: Orders of the day, Volume 30, Issue 2, Mar/Apr 1998
The following are excerpts of an article written by Dave Webb based on letters of Colonel Thomas Hortonand John Okey to Parliament following the battle.
On the morning of Monday 8th May 1648 in the fields around the small village of St Fagans, approximately 1,000 men fought in the largest battle on Welsh soil. The victory of the Parliamentarian forces over the much larger Royalist forces was important enough at the time for public thanks to be read in all the churches in England and Wales. Major General Laugharne fought for the Parliamentarian cause, but in 1647 he was considering changing sides and joining the king with his troops. Some troops however did obey their instructions, and although they offered to disband may have been taken into Colonel Horton's Parliamentarian brigade when it arrived.
Colonel Thomas Horton with horse and foot, and Colonel John Okey with his regiment of dragoons were sent to secure South Wales. Their forces met at Neath before heading west. In the hills outside Carmarthen they skirmished with the newly Royalist Welsh forces commanded by Colonels Poyer and Powell. Due to the the Terrain it was impossible for the Parliament troops to force a pitched battle. At the largest skirmish some of the Parliamentarian forces were surrounded in yet another church and forced to surrender.
Hearing of a possible uprising in Brecon which would threaten his lines of communication, Horton headed there. He disbursed the Brecon gentry and may have taken some hostages to ensure good behaviour. In his absence the Royalist forces pushed eastwards towards Cardiff. The race was on to get to Cardiff first.
In two days Horton's troops marched from Brecon to Cardiff, crossing the Taff at Llandaf. Having taken up positions on and around the Pentrebane ridge above the town of Cardiff, Horton prepared to wait it out, knowing Cromwell was on his way with a number of horse and foot regiments.
Laugharne then threw in his lot with the Royalists and turned up to take overall command. Knowing they must beat Horton's troops before Cromwell arrived, he advanced to the land around Cotterel near St Nicholas which belonged to the Button family, some of whom served in the royalist army.
Early on the morning of 8th May the Royalists tried a surprise attack on the Parliamentarian quarters in and around St Fagans. It seems likely that the Royalist horse were used the day before to feint towards Cardiff, and Horton drew his men in close to St Fagans, expecting a race to Cardiff the following day.
Laugharne had other ideas and hoped to trap Horton's troops in the village and enclosures of St Fagans where the numerically superior Parliamentarian horse couldn't be deployed.
This attack almost worked, but a charge of 50 Parliamentarian horse and dragoons routed the advance guard of the Royalist army, this gave the initiative to the Parliament troops and they started to deploy onto the little hill beside the Pentrebane cross-roads. Seeing the advantage he now had, Horton decided to accept the offer of battle.
The Parliamentarian foot were deployed in two divisions, one under Lt Colonel Reade and the other under Major Wade.
Horton's account at this point seems to describe the battle line from right to left. On the right, Hokey with horse under Major Bethel and mounted dragoons, supported by some foot and dismounted dragoons.
Almost 3000 prisoners were taken and 4000 more were disarmed and allowed to go home. About 200 Royalist were slain, but the accounts don't mention the Parliamentarians casualties. No Parliamentarian officers were killed or wounded. All the baggage was taken, as were 80 colours. Horton reported that the men wanted all the honour for so great a victory to be given to God. Parliament ordered that the victory be announced in every parish church.
House of Commons Journal Volume 5, pub 1802, pages 557-558, 12 May 1648:
Prisoners taken in Wales.
Ordered, That it be referred to the Committee Yesterday appointed for the Gratuity to be given to Colonel Horton, and the Officers of his Brigade, to consider, How the Soldiers, taken Prisoners in the late Rout in South Wales may be disposed of to the best Advantage,..............
House of Commons Journal Volume 10, pub 1802, pages 253-256, 12 May 1648:
P. Philip to have 1000 of the Prisoners lately taken;
Ordered, To be sent down to the House of Commons, That Prince Philip shall have a Thousand Soldiers of those which are taken in Wales by Colonel Horton; he giving good Security for the landing of them in Italy.
Col Horton's letter to the Speaker of the H.C. with an Account of his Victory over Gen. Langhorne's Forces in South Wales:
For the Right Honourable William Lenthall Esquire, Speaker of the Honourable House of Commons,
Sir,
After many tedious, hungry, and wet Marches, over the steep and craggy Mountains, it pleased God that we were engaged with Enemy, who accounted themselves near Eight Thousand Horse and Foot, upon Morning the 8th of this Instant, betwixt St. Fagon's and Peterstowne; where, after a sharp Dispute for near Two Hours,it pleased the Lord mightily to appear for us, in giving the Enemy a total Rout: The Particulars thereof I shall within a short Time at large present you with. There are many slain of the Enemy upon the Place, and in the Pursuit for Seven Miles. We cannot yet hear of One of our Officers slain, and but few of the Soldiers; but we lost many Horses. I guess the Prisoners which are taken to be three thousand. We have taken all their Foot, Arms and Ammunition, which is good Store. Major General Stradling is taken, with many Officers and Gentlemen, and many Colours. It pleased God wonderfully to strengthen and raise up the Spirits of our Officers and Soldiers. Our Word was, "God is our Strength;" and truly we found Him so to be, and desire the sole Glory may be given to Him, and ourselves looked upon as weak Instruments in His Hand, and amongst whom, as I am, so I desire to be accounted; who am, Sir, Your most humble and faithful Servant,
Tho. Horton
British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate 1638-60 Timelines, May 8, 1648:
Battle of St. Fagans, Glamorganshire. Royalist insurgents under Major-General Laugharne routed by Colonel Horton. Remnants of the Royalist army retreat into Pembroke Castle.
British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate 1638-60 Timelines, May 15, 1648:
Colonel Horton besieges Tenby Castle while Cromwell takes the main body of the army on to Pembroke.
House of Lords Journal Volume 10, pub 1802, pages 264-272, 19 May 1648:
Disposition of the Remainder of the Forces in England and Wales:
The rest of that Regiment who were with Colonel Horton at the emgagement in Wales, yet continue there,where there are also Colonel Horton's Regiment of Horse, and Six troops of Dragoons, all there before the late Engagement.
House of Lords Journal Volume 10, pub 1802, pages 332-335, 19 June 1648:
Ordinance for Sequestration of the Estates of Maj. Gen. Langherne, Col. Poyer, Col. Powell, & al. in the late
Rebellion in South Wales, &c.
Whereas Major General Rowland Langherne.....................and have raised a new War in the Kingdom,and have given Battle to the Forces of the Parliament under the command of Colonel Horton, who was sent by Authority of Parliament to Suppress the said Insurrection,.............
On 06 Dec 1648, the victorious army under Fairfax and Cromwell entered London, arrested the king, expelled the Presbyterian majority from Parliament, and established a High Court of Justice to try the king as a war criminal. Thomas Horton was in London at this time, for along with other New Model Army officers and a number of prominent Leicestershire men, he was appointed a judge of the High Court.He attended the sessions every day and, when the fateful moment came, was the forty first of the fifty-seven signers of the warrant for the execution of the king. The execution took place in front of Whitehall on an icy 30 Jan 1649. The way was now open for the establishment of the Puritan Commonwealth for which Thomas had fought so valiantly. Cromwell would be named Lord Protector in 1653, and Sir Arthur Haselrig would become one of the most powerful men in England in the coming decade.
Once the estate of Thomas Horton, now an abandoned Hospital falling to ruins.
Col. Thomas Horton returned shortly to South Wales, where he now had an estate and was to serve Cromwell as a commissioner. but early in the summer of 1649 his regiment was drawn by lot to go into Ireland. Prompted perhaps by his imminent departure, he took up pen on 03 July 1649 and wrote his will. This will mentions for the first time "my only Sonne Thomas Horton" to whom he left the bulk of his estate; the son to be executor when he reached the age of twenty-one. He wrote the will in the presence of John St. Loe, John Fennell and Margaret St. Loe in Cardiff.
Thomas then left Cardiff for Ireland with his newly reorganized regiment. Part of his old regiment had refused to go to Ireland and had disbanded. Cromwell himself was appointed to command the campaign.
Shortly before mid-October 1649, Thomas wrote an addition to his earlier will. In the second-will, which was undated but witnessed by Oliver Lathan and Richard Eljer, he disposed of numerous horses, saddles, bridles, clothing, and weapons in his possession at the time, giving most of them to his army comrades. He left his horse named, "Haselrigg" to Cromwell. Twelve pounds, forty shillings was to be divided among the sixty men of his regiment.
By mid-October 1649, the army was on the march between Ross and Waterford in Ireland. Although the campaign was generally going well, the weather was dreadful, and illness, particularly "low Malarial fever", was taking a heavy toll of the army. Thomas was one of those struck down by the fever.
In 1649 Cromwell started his Irish campaign. Barbarous cruelties had been inflicted on the Protestants of Ireland by the Papal partisans. Soldiers of Cromwell regarded themselves as avenging their slaughtered brethren. On 17 Apr 1649 , Regiments to go to Ireland were selected by drawing lots; four cavalry regiments (those of Ireton, Scrope, Horton and Lambert), four infantry regiments (Ewer, Cook, Deane and Hewson) and five troops of dragoons. Those who refuse to go before the settlement of arrears of pay and other grievances are cashiered. HCP1 Colonel Horton died on this campaign. He left a will leaving his horse called, "Haselrig" to Cromwell. His death on the campaign spared him from the fate of the other Regicides. Ten of the Regicides were condemned to death and publicly hung, drawn and quartered at Charing Cross or Tyburn, London. In October 1660, six more that had signed the death warrant, the preacher Hugh Peters; Francis Hacker and DANIEL AXTELL, who commanded the guards at the King's trial and execution; and John Cook the solicitor who directed the prosecution were executed. A further nineteen were imprisoned for life. Twenty of the Regicides fled to Europe or America.
reference: Will of Thomas Horton, Colonel, date 16 January 1651, Dept. of Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, series Prerogative Court of Canterbury and related Probate Jurisdictions: Will Registers, Piece, Name of Register: Grey Quire Numbers: 1 - 51 Have copy of actual will. Thomas died of fever which at that time was epidemic in Ireland.
Will written by Colonel Thomas Horton on 03 July 1649 (Will generously supplied by Weldon Horton)
Colonel Thomas Horton's Will
mentions "my Dear Mother, Isabel", brothers, John Horton, James Horton, Andrew Horton, Robert Horton and William Horton, sisters, Elizabeth Horton and Mabel Horton. Thomas also calls brothers, Henry Freeman and John Droaino. He left a stipend to his "faithful servant, John Fennell"
, Colonel Thomas Horton never mentions a wife, but he does mention a son. Apparently his wife died in child birth or sometime after. Colonel Thomas Horton's son, Thomas Horton, was about 8 years old at the time he wrote the will. He appointed J. Philip Jones, John Saniford, Walter Overton, his brothers, John Horton and James Horton as, "Guardians of my only sonn." They were specifically charged to see that young Thomas "may be educated in the Grace of God and in Knowledge of the Gospel of Jesus Christ......and I do give them or any three of them power to order and manage his estate.
House of Commons Journal Volume 6, pub 1802, pages 284-285, 23 August 1649:
Horton's Grant.
Ordered, That it be referred to the Committee at Goldsmiths Hall, to examine how the Business stands touching the Lands of John Barlow, fomerly given to Colonel Horton; and to report the State thereof to the House.
House of Commons Journal Volume 6, pub 1802, pages 305-306, 11 October 1649:
Grant to Col. Horton, &c.
Mr. Garland reports Amendments to an Act for settling upon Colonel Horton's Brigade the Lands and Possessions of John Barlowe Esquire, formerly given to Major General Langhorne; as also One Thousand Pounds per Annum, out of the Lands of William Earl of Newcastle: which were twice read.
Resolved, &c. That the last Clause in the said Act, touching the Manor or Lordship of Leechurch, &c. do stand on this Act.
It passed with the Negative.
And the Act, so amended, being put to the Question:
The House was divided.
The Yeas went forth
Mr. Challenor, Tellers for the Noes: 20
Mr. Holland, with the Noes
Sir William Masham, Tellers for the Yeas: 17
Colonel Moore, with the yeas
So it passed with the Negative.
Resolved, &c. That Mr. Garland do bring in an Act To-morrow Morning, for settling on Colonel Horton's Brigade the Lands and Possessions of John Barlow Esquire, formerly given to Major Gen. Langhorne. Ordered, That the Persons intrusted on the Behalf of Colonel Horton, and his Brigade, shall henceforth have and receive, for the Benefit of that Brigade, the Profits of the Lands and Possessions of John Barlow Esquire,....................be paid and satisfied unto the said Persons, so intrusted, for the Benefit of the same
Brigade..............
House of Commons Journal Volume 6, pub. 1802, pages 309-310, 18 October 1649:
Grant to Horton, &c.
Mr. Garland reports from the Committee, the Act for settling upon Colonel Horton his Brigade the Lands
and Possessions of John Barlow Esquire, formerly given to Major Gen. Langhorne, without any
Amendments.
Toward the end of October,1649, Colonel Thomas Horton died of Typhus Fever. It was estimated that 100,000 soilders were killed during the civil war. The majority of these died from Army Fever a form of Typhus rather then from injuries recieved on the battle field.
House of Commons Journal Volume 6, pub 1802, pages 323 - 324, 16 November 1649:
Horton Arrears.
Ordered, That it be referred unto Colonel Harrison and Mr. Herbert, to consider how the Arrears due to
Colonel Horton may be satisfied to his Son; and present their Opinion to the House. (due to the death of
Colonel Horton).
House of Commons Journal Volume 6, pub. 1802, pages 552-553, 25 March 1651:
Delinquents Estates, The House this Day resumed the Debate upon the Amendments to the Bill for Sale of
Delinquents Estates.
Ordered, That the Committee, in the Act for Sale of Delinquents Estates named, be, and are hereby,
impowered to make good the Promise made by the Parliament, of settling one thousand Pounds per
Annum upon Colonel Horton's Brigade,......................
Ordered, That the Sum of Nine hundred Pounds be give to * (Thomas) Horton, Son of Colonel Horton,
deceased, in full Satisfaction, and Discharge of all Arrears, due to the said Colonel Horton, his late Father,
deceased; and all Demands, in respect of his Service:.............................So it is referred to the Committee
of the Army.......................unto the Persons intrusted, or to be intrusted, for the said * Horton, to be
employed for the Benefit of the said Horton the Son.
House of Commons Journal Volume 8, pub 1802, pages 286-287, 01 July 1661:
Pains and Penalties against Regicides.
And then this House proceeded to hear the Evidence against Peregrine Pelham, Sir William Constable,
Humphry Edwards, Richard Dean, Sir John Danvers, John Aldred, alias Alured, John Moore, Anthony
Stapeley, John Fry, Francis Aleyn, Sir Thomas Maleverer, Sir Gregory Norton, John Blackston, Sir John
Bourcher, William Purefoye, Thomas Horton, Isaack Ewre, John Ven, Thomas Andrewes Alderman,
Thomas Hamond, Twenty of the Persons who, in the Month of January 1648, acted and proceeded
against the life of our late Sovereign King Charles the First, of blessed Memory; and, being dead when the
Act of Indemnity was made, being thereby reserved to such Pains, Penalties, and forfeitures, as by another
Act of Parliament, intended to be hereafter passed for that Purpose, should be expressed and declared:
And, after full Debate of the said Evidence,
Resolved, upon the Question, Nemire contradicente, That a Bill be prepared and brought in, for the
Confiscation of all the Estates, real and personal, of the said Twenty-one Persons deceased:
Colonel Thomas Horton became a Regicide, not because he was a staunch opponent of the King, but was merely a soldier doing his job - mixed with his admiration of two men, and his desire to serve with them. Sir Arthur Haselrig and Oliver Cromwell. Haselrig and Cromwell were friends even though they didn't always agree on everything. Haselrig was regarded as one of the King's leading opponents and was among the five members (of Parliament) whom the king attempted to arrest in January 1642.
Haselrig supported Cromwell's criticism of the Earl of Manchester in November 1644, however, he opposed Cromwell's elevation as Lord protector in December 1653 and refused to pay his taxes. Haselrig was imprisoned at the Restoration, but his life was spared through Monck's intervention. He died a prisoner in the Tower early in 1661. Oliver Cromwell died in September 1658.
HORTONS OF REHOBOTH
The following is
about the Hortons of Rehoboth and their descendantsPlease be aware that there were two Thomas Hortons (close in age) in Massachusetts close to the same time period. One was Thomas Horton,son of Thomas Horton the Regicide, who this page is about. The other is Thomas Horton of Salem, brother of Barnabas Horton. A lot of researches have mixed the two Hortons together and also the children of each Thomas. I number the male line using their birth year.
Thomas Horton,son of Thomas Horton the Regicide, is known as 'Thomas Horton of Milton & Rehoboth' and Barnabas' brother is known as 'Thomas Horton of Springfield'
Thomas Horton - Emigrant - Generation 16
Thomas Horton-1640,Emigrant, born 13 Feb 1640 in Liverpool, Mercyside,England (in the Manor that his father leased from the Haselrig Family).
In 1661 he was stripped of all his inheritance by Parliament. Thomas left for the Colonies, and arrived in Massachusetts settling in first, Milton then moving to Rehoboth. He married in about 1668 in Rehoboth to:
Sarah Harmon Sarah was the daughter of Nathaniel Harmon and Mary Bliss. She was born 24 September 1644 in Braintree, MA and died between 1682 and 1693 in Rehoboth, Bristol County, MA. Thomas Horton died before 03 March 1714. Margaret R. Jenks, a noted Horton researcher, thinks it is possible that Sarah, her daughter Rachel, and son Jonathan died in an epidemic that struck down many in Milton in 1689 and 1690: "There hath died in the Town in sixteen months past 30 men, women and children, 13 of the small-pox, and 17 of other distempers, most of them of the fever, 14 were communicants, 12 were in full communion with the Church, and there hath been sixty visited with the small-pox in the Town in about a year."
Margaret R. Jenks also believes that Thomas second married Susannah Keney, probably a close neighbor. The name of her first husband, John Keney, appears on all the Milton tax lists beside Thomas's through 09 Jun 1691. John Keney died 12 Aug 1693. The list of 13 Nov 1693 included the 'widow Keny'. This marriage was short-lived, for on 06 Jun 1700 Thomas married Katherine Harrion at Rehoboth. This is the first record of a Horton in the Vital Records of Rehoboth. Neither Susannah's nor Katherine's death dates are known. No children from either marriage are recorded.
Thomas and Sarah had children:
Rachel Horton-1669, born 06 Aug 1669 in Milton, Norfolk County, MA
John Horton-1672, born 06 Jun 1672 in Milton, Norfolk County, MA. married Mehitable Garnsey.
Jonathan Horton-1675, born 12 July 1675.
Thomas Hortons FamilyThomas was born 03 October 1677 in Milton, Norfolk County, MA, married Hannah Garnsey 7 Jun 1700.
David Horton-1679,David was born 10 October 1679 in Milton, Norfolk County,he died 07 Jan 1751 in Milton, Norfolk Co.,MA he married Mary Babcock.
Solomon Hortons Family.html, Solomon was born 11 January 1681 in Milton, Norfolk County, MA, died Jan 1724. He married Susannah Babcock. She was born in abt 1686 in Milton, Norfolk County, MA and died 19 Jul 1725 in Rehoboth, Bristol County, MA.
Susannahs father and mother were: George Badcock who was born in England and died abt 1671 and Susannah Gregory.
John Horton - Generation 17
John Horton-1672 was born 06 June 1672 in Milton, Norfolk County, MA and died before May 1752 in Rehoboth, MA. He married Mehitable Garnsey about 1689 in Rehoboth, MA. She was the child of John Garnsey and Elizabeth Titus. Mehitable was born 02 Nov 1673 in Bristol, Norfolk,MA, she died 15 Oct 1742 in Rehoboth, MA.
John and Mehitables children:
Sarah Horton born about 1690 married John Willard, both of Rehoboth, 03 Jan 1711/12.
Jonathan Horton's FamilyJonathan was born 1692 and died about 1774, he married Ann Millard 17 Apr 1725 by Rev. David Turner.
Jonathan married second wife Elizabeth _____ before 1754.
John Hortons Family,John was born 21 Mar 1693, he married Mary ___.
Jotham Hortons Family ,Jotham was born 1695 in Swansea, MA and died in 1797. He married (1) Hannah Martin on 29 May 1729. Hannah died 09 Nov 1739. Jotham next married (2) Penelope Round.
Thomas Horton-1698Thomas was born 15 April 1698 in Swansea, MA and died 10 July 1733. He married Keziah Carpenter 22 Jun 1721.
Children of Hezekiah HortonHezekiah was born 01 Sep 1714 in Swansea, MA. He married Mary Martin.
Thomas Horton - Generation 18
Thomas Horton-1698Thomas was born 15 April 1698 in Swansea, MA; he died 10 July 1733 in Rehoboth. Thomas married Keziah Carpenter 22 June 1721 in Swansea, MA. She was the daughter of Benjamin Carpenter and Renew Weeks.
Children of Thomas and Keziah:
Lewis Horton-1722 Lewis was born about 1722
Keziah Horton Keziah was born about 1725, she married John Barney 21 Jun 1747 by Rev. Lemuel Maxwell
Submit Horton Submit was born after 1727 in Swansea, MA, she died 18 Apr 1778, she married Jeremiah Wheeler 04 Jan 1753. They had a son, Jarvis Wheeler born 22 Sep 1774.
Benjamin Horton-1727, Benjamin was born 07 April 1727 in Swansea, MA; he died in 1774. Benjamin married Patience Wood 08 May 1748.
Benjamin Horton - Generation 19
Benjamin Horton-1727was born 07 April 1727 in Rehoboth, Bristol County, MA; He died 27 June 1815 in Scituate, RI. He married Patience Wood 08 May 1748 in Rehoboth, MA. She was the daughter of William Wood and Keziah Martin. She was born 18 Oct 1727 and died 10 Aug 1792 in Scituate, Providence County, Rhode Island.
Children of Benjamin and Patience:
Elizabeth Horton born 25 Feb 1749. She married James Eldridge, 26 Jan 1767 Scituate, Providence, Rhode Island, she died after 1820 in Petersburgh, Rensselaer, New York.
Patience Hortonborn about 1751
Olive Horton born about 1753
Benjamin Horton-1755 Benjamin was born about 1755, and died 16 May 1791 and is buried in Horton Cemetery, Scituate, Providence, Rhode Island.
Mary Horton Mary was born 06 August 1757
Issac Horton-1759 Issac was born April 1759 in Bridgewater, MA. He died 02 Dec 1811. Issac married louisa Brown.
Jesse Horton-1760,Jesse was born 28 Jan 1760 in Scituate, Providence Co., Rhode Island and died 24 Jun 1831 in West Haven, Rutland Co., Vermont. He is buried Sheldrick Cemetery, Rutland Co., Vermont.
Thomas Horton-1765Thomas was born about 1765, he married Levana Round on 23 Nov 1794 by Elder Jacob Hix.
Reubin Horton-1767 Reubin was born about 1767.
Isaac Horton - Generation 20
Isaac Horton-1759 Isaac was born April 1759 in Bridgewater, MA; he died 02 Dec 1811 in Berkshire County, MA. Isaac married Louisa Brown about 1779 in Berkshire County, MA. Louisa Brown was born about 1757 in Providence County, RI; died before 1850 in Oneida County,NY.
Children of Isaac and Louisa:
Lucy Horton born 13 May 1780 in Berkshire Co., MA; died 25 Apr 1872, married Samuel Bliss about 1800
Mary Polly Horton born 09 Oct 1782 in Berkshire Co., MA; died 22 Feb 1873, in Oneida Co. NY, married
(1) George W. Carpenter 25 Dec 1803 in Berkshire, married (2) Asa Crane 02 Jul 1809 in
Oneida Co. NY.
Isaac Horton-1788born 20 Sep 1788 in Berkshire County, MA; died 02 Apr 1873 Ridgeway, PA, Married Lucy
Warner 20 Sep 1812 in Salisbury, NY
Asahel Horton-1789born 06 Oct 1789 in Berkshire County, MA; died 13 Jan 1862 in Green Lake County, WI
Married Bebe Brown (Bebe is descended from John Howland of the Mayflower) on
23 Nov 1811 in Pownal, VT.
Benjamin Horton-1793born 29 Mar 1793 in Berkshire County, MA; died 28 Apr 1882 in Chautauqua County, NY
married Adah Angell 25 Jan 1815 in Pownal, VT
Jesse Horton-1796born 14 Sep 1796 in Berkshire County, MA; died 12 Mar 1874 in Chautauqua County, NY
married Nancy Clark.
Amanda Horton born 1803 in Berkshire County, MA; died 19 Jan 1889 in Green Lake County, WI; married
Noah Wood about 1823 in Berkshire County, MA.
Achsah Horton-1804born 07 May 1804 in Berkshire County, MA; died 07 Nov 1892 in Blue Earth County, MN;
Married Alvah Wood 15 Feb 1827 in Oneida County, NY
Asahel Horton - Generation 21
Asahel Horton-1789born 06 Oct 1789 in Berkshire County, MA; died 13 Jan 1862 in Green Lake County, WI. He married Bebe Brown on 23 Nov 1811 in Pownal, VT.Bebe Brown(click for Bebe Browns Mayflower descent)was born 13 Jun 1791 in Berkshire County, MA; died 24 Oct 1871 in High Forest, MN. She was the daughter of Ephraim Brown and Mercy Atkinson.
Children of Asahel and Bebe Brown:
Daniel B. Horton-1812born 1812 in Berkshire County, MA died 1861 in Oneida County, NY
Betsey Horton born 1813 in NY; died 1845 in NY.
Jerome B. Horton-1815born 1815 in Oneida County, NY; died 1860 in Otsego County, NY, married Rachel Andrews
1839 in Otsego County, NY.
Asahel Horton-1817born 1817 in NY; died after 1869
Hetty Ann Horton born 1819 in NY; died after 1885 in Wisconsin; married Rufus Barnard.
Hiram B. Horton-1821born 1821 in Oneida County, NY; died 1876 in Syracuse, NY.
Lyman Hodge Horton-1823born 22 Feb 1823 in Oneida County, NY; died 10 Aug 1876 in High Forest, Minnesota;
married Phebe Fenton White 01 Jan 1846 in Plainfield, NY. Phebe was born 27 May 1825.
Isaac Horton-1822born 25 May 1822 in Oneida County, NY; died 19 Oct 1890 in Nobles County, MN, married
Charlotte E. Hare 07 Nov 1849 in Oneida County, NY.
Mary Jane Horton 10 Apr 1827 in Deerfield Twp, Oneida County, NY; died 29 Jun 1919 in Stewartville, MN;
married Theophilus Popple 17 Feb 1847 in Oneida County, NY.
Henry Clinton Horton-1829born 30 May 1829 in Oneida County, NY: died 12 Oct 1910 in Homer, MN; married
(1)Amanda Good 1851 in Marquette County, WI; married (2) Harriet Otter 1874 in MN.
Emery B. Horton-1830born 06 Oct 1830 in Oneida County, NY; died 02 Jul 1901 in Sibley County, MN; married
Huldah Mae Mitchell in 1855 in WI.
Mercy Lovisa Horton born 18 Mar 1832 in Oneida County, NY; died 25 Oct 1915 in Olmsted County, MN.
Lucius Brown Horton-1837 born 20 Apr 1837 in Oneida County, NY; died 12 Apr 1913 in Rapid City, SD; married
Susan Glendena Lowell 18 Mar 1856 in Marquette County, WI.
Updated on September 27, 2011
back to homepage