Bruce, Parrell
Mary Bruce, wife of William Albin
Compiled by Judy & Gary Griffin, 2007 - email address
Direct Line
..... 2 Thomas Bruce + Mary Christian
......... 3 John Bruce + Sarah Parrell
............. 4 Mary Bruce + William Albin
................. 5 James Albin + Barbara Hoover
..................... 6 Delila Albin + Samuel Leard/Laird
......................... 7 John Laird + Phoebe Burgett
............................. 8 Squire H. Laird + Mary Jane Purget
Proposed Bruce Lineage
James Bruce (1630/31 – ca. 1700)
..... 2 William Bruce (1657 – )
..... 2 John Bruce (1658 – )
..... 2 Thomas Bruce (1660s – ca 1725) + Mary Christian
.......... 3 Margaret Bruce (ca 1688 – )
.......... 3 John Bruce (ca 1690 – bet. 1747-1748) + Sarah Parrell
.............. 4 Mary Bruce (1715 – 1772) + William Albin
(1710 – 1765)
................. 5 John Albin (1740 – 1820)
................. 5 Robert Albin (1743 – 1814)
................. 5 William Albin (1747 – 1796)
................. 5 James Albin (ca 1757 – 1827) + Barbara Hoover (see Albin history)
................. 5 George Albin (1758 – 1840)
.............. 4 James Bruce (1720 – 1799) + Margaret McMahon
................. 5 William Bruce + (1) Maria Lucas/Perciful, (2) Sally Harris
................. 5 Elizabeth Bruce + Thomas Anderson
................. 5 Margaret Bruce + David Cox
................. 5 Jane Bruce + William Marshall
................. 5 Nancy Bruce + Samuel Perciful
................. 5 Ann Bruce + Samuel Glass
................. 5 James Bruce + Mary “Polly” Runyan
................. 5 George Bruce + (1) widow Biggs, (2) Mary Garnett, (3) Matty Gaskill
................. 5 Sally Bruce + Joshua Carmen
.............. 4 George Bruce (1722 – ca 1797) + Rachel Littler
................. 5 John Bruce (ca 1750 - )
................. 5 Mary Bruce (ca 1752 - )
................. 5 Sarah Bruce (ca 1754 – )
................. 5 Ann Bruce (ca 1757 – )
................. 5 George Bruce (ca 1759 – )
................. 5 Leah Bruce
................. 5 James Bruce (1762 – ) + (1) Lydia Jolliffe, (2) Anna Bond
................. 5 Rebecca Bruce (ca 1764 – )
.............. 4 John Bruce (1722 – )
.............. 4 Ann Bruce (ca. 1725 – 1808) + James McCoy
................. 5 Mary Bruce (1748 – )
................. 5 William Bruce (1754 – )
................. 5 George Bruce (1756 – )
................. 5 Isaac Bruce (1756 – )
................. 5 Sarah Bruce (1758 – )
................. 5 Ann Bruce (ca 1760 – )
................. 5 Joseph Bruce
................. 5 Rachel Bruce
................. 5 Mary Bruce
................. 5 John Bruce (1764 – )
.............. 4 Margaret Bruce (1727 – ) + Richard Carter
.......... 3 Margaret Bruce (1692 – )
.......... 3 Helen Bruce (1694 – )
.......... 3 Elizabeth Bruce (1696 – )
.......... 3 Christian Bruce (1698 – )
.......... 3 Grace Bruce (1702 – )
.......... 3 Peter Bruce (1704 – )
..... 2 Janet Bruce (1670 – )
Bruce Family History
This information is from seven different researchers. Some of these have provided conflicting information, some of which is included. Most of the information is probably from “John Bruce of the Shenandoah,” Violet Laverne Bruce, Decorah, Iowa: Anundsen Publishing Co., 1987.
James or John Bruice/Bruce was born circa 1634 at Longside, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. His children are said to be William, John, Thomas and Janet. Undocumented information states that the father of James Bruce was a Patrick Bruce, born between 1595, died circa 1670, married Janet Jackson (1606 - ).
Thomas Bruice, son of James/John, was born in Scotland. His birth date is said to have been circa 1658, November 6, 1664, June 11, 1664, circa 1660-65. Based on the christening date of his probable first child, he was likely born in the 1660s, probably in Aberdeen, Scotland. His wife may have been Mary Christian. (1) He resided in Portsoy, Fordyce Parish, Banffshire, Scotland. All of his children were christened in Portsoy, Fordyce Parish, Scotland. The children of Thomas were Margaret, Helen, Elizabeth, Christian, Grisell (Grace), Peter & John:
Margaret was christened on March 24, 1688, and died young. A later child was named Margaret, which was common.
John was christened on September 7, 1690. See below.
Margaret was christened on September 22, 1692 or born on October 22, 1692.
Helen was born on April 2, 1694, christened on April 21, 1694.
Elizabeth was christened on July 17, 1696.
Christian (female) was christened on February 9, 1697/98.
Grisell “Grace” was christened on August 28, 1702.
Peter was christened in 1704.
John Bruce
John Bruce (Thomas2, James1) was christened on September 7, 1690, at Fordyce, Banffshire, Scotland, (2) said to be at a Church of Scotland (Presbyterian). John married Sarah (believed to be Sarah Parrell, his first or second wife). His will was proven on September 23, 1748 in Frederick County, Virginia. John was buried on September 26, 1748 in Brucetown.
Sarah Parrell, born circa 1690, was probably the daughter or sister of Hugh Parrell and Ann (said to be Ann Calvert, see Calvert history), who was born about 1690. This is based on Hugh Parrell’s will in which he left land to John Bruce, kinsman. He did not mention a daughter Sarah, but he did leave 300 acres to “my loving kinsman John Bruce,” Sarah’s husband. It is likely that Sarah was his daughter and her inheritance was directed to her husband, which would not have been unusual at the time. Sarah died after 1748 in Brucetown.
Among the 70 grantees receiving patents on November 12, 1735 were many Irish families (the Albins of County Meath, the Calverts from County Dromgora) as well as John Bruce – his land adjoining the land owned by the Calverts, Hugh Parrell, William Albin, James Carter and George Hollingsworth. (3) John Bruce was in Orange County, Virginia by 1735, when the following judgments were recorded (was Spotsylvania County before 1734):
John Bruce vs Francis Williams. For debt 3 pounds, 10 shillings, 8 pence, in tobacco at 12 shillings per ct wt to 588 lbs of tobacco. Summons to Francis Williams, July 17, 1735, returned July 17, 1735 by Wm Henderson, Deputy Sheriff.
Henry Willis, Esq vs John Bruce, account with John Bruce, peddler, 1735, for 12 lbs, 12 shillings, 5 3/4 pence. Willis asks damages to 15 lbs.
Summons to John Bruce, peddlar, May 18, 1736 by Gideon Marr. Judgement.
George Stuart vs John Bruce in 1736. For divers cattle – John Bruce detained and for the other animals etc. (4)
On July 24, 1740 John Bruce was appointed to make an inventory of the estate of Michael Sheppard, deceased. Hugh Parrell, Robert Calvert and William Glover were delegated also and any three of them were required to form the audit commission. (5)
From John Bruce of the Shenandoah : (6) “The earliest available record of John Bruce of the Shenandoah is August 18, 1740 when he, along with Hugh Parrel and Robert Calvert, were appointed to appraise the estate of Micah Sheperd. Mention of William McMechan and John Littler as buyers of several articles at the estate sale as well as the names Parel and Calvert confirm that this John Bruce lived in the Winchester area. Deeds and will books compiled by John Frederick Dorman include several Orange County court actions between 1734 and 1742 involving a John Bruce, sometimes mentioned in connection with St. Marks Parish. A comparison of signatures on several old documents and the presence or absence of familiar names usually associated with early settlers of the Winchester area, indicate that the John Bruce of St. Marks Parish did not live near Winchester, but resided elsewhere in the then enormous area know as Orange County of the 1730’s. John Bruce of the Shenandoah was probably born in Scotland during the 1690s. Since no record of his marriage to Sarah has been found, it is as yet unknown whether she was mother of the five children. John Bruce brought his family to America probably by way of Ireland after 1724. It is considered that John may have lived for some time in southeast Pennsylvania before settling his family in the Winchester (called Frederick Town until 1750) area between 1731 and 1737 under the guidance of Joist Hite’s son. John was a farmer, operating a grist and sawmill on Turkey Run six miles northeast of Winchester. With other families building their homes, along with carding and fulling mills nearby on Litlers Run, the community became a flourishing little village know as Brucetown. At the time John Bruce wrote his will, his youngest son and daughter were probably unmarried. Mention in the will of a partially completed house (24x16') and barn (25x18') on George’s 150 acres could be an indication that George was contemplating marriage at the time. John Bruce died September 23, 1748 apparently in an epidemic that was rampant in the Winchester area. His will of November 4, 1747 was entered November 1, 1748 (records of Frederick County).”
According to the Genealogy of the Walker & Littler Families: (7) “During the 1730’s, the offer of patented land to settlers in the lower Shenandoah Valley, near the Opequon, attracted many Scot-Irish. Patents were issued under the seal of the Colony of Virginia and were grants from the Crown, free of any obligation of feudal services to the Fairfax family, who claimed the land as lords/proprietors of the Northern Neck of Virginia.”
Between 1737 and 1740, he settled on Opecuon Creek near Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia. By 1740, John Bruce and Mary Littler (George Bruce’s mother-in-law) were operating grist mills, sawmills and carding/fulling fills (probably wool-carding, cloth-fulling mills). A fulling mill was where cloth was cleansed and thickened to become compacted. This 255-acre tract is located on Turkey Run, a branch of Opequon Creek (headwaters Evan Thomas/Branson Spring). The southeast corner of the 255 acres is present-day Brucetown. Frederick County Highway 667 (Braddocks Road/Great Road from Winchester, Virginia to Shepardstown, West Virginia) and Highway 672 cross the south and east section of this tract.
According to the Virginia Albins, “He was living on land on the south side of Red Bud about two miles east of Winchester. In his will of 1747, he mentions his son-in-law, William Albin. John was closely allied, if not related, to other families living along Red Bud, several of whom were related by blood or marriage to the Calvert/Colbert family, who came from County Armagh, Ireland. Among these families were George Hollingsworth, William McMahon/McMachen, Hugh Parrell, Joseph, James & Richard Carter, Lewis Neill and William Albin. John was a carpenter by trade and made the stocks and pillory in the town of Winchester in 1744. . . . There must have been some devastating epidemic during the years 1747-48, as a number of the earliest settlers and their wives died during that period, John Bruce included.”
With other families settling in the area, the community became a flourishing little village known as Brucetown (in northeast corner of Frederick County, 8 miles northeast of Winchester, near border of Berkley County, West Virginia).
In 1748, Hugh Parrell willed 300 acres of land to John Bruce; Parrell engaged James Wood to survey this land (recorded at the time as 402 acres) on March 10, 1735/36. James and George Bruce, sons of John Bruce, commissioned another survey on April 26, 1753. (8) Out of this survey, George received 315 acres and James received 310 acres from Lord Fairfax on April 12 and 14, 1760. (9) John was deceased by November 1, 1748 when his will was proved in Frederick County Court, Virginia. John’s will named his wife and living children (probated November 1, 1748): (10)
“In the name of God, Amen. The 4 day of November 1747. I John Bruce of Frederick County in the Colony of Virginia being sick and weak of body but of perfect mind and memory thanks be to God calling to remembrance it is appointed for all men once to die, do make, Constitute and ordain this my last will and testament as follows viz. Item - I give and bequeath to my son James Bruce the plantation I now live on with all the improvements thereunto belonging being 150 acres. Item - I give and bequeath unto my son George Bruce 150 acres of the remaining tract of land lying on the south side of the aforesaid plantation and on the Licks with the clear land that is now and also that his brother, James Bruce, be one half in building 1 house 24 foot X 16 foot with a shingle roof and also a barn of 25 foot X 18 foot etc. Item - I give and bequeath to my son George Bruce and Ann Bruce all my movable estate to be equally divided between them and the desertation of William McMachin and Hugh Parrel after debts and funeral charges are paid, except my carpenter tools which I give to my son James Bruce and one yearling heifer to Richard Colbart [Colvert?] and out of the above perquists I do oblige my sons James Bruce and George Bruce to maintain my loving wife Sarah Bruce as long as she lives or remains a widow.
Item - It is my will and desire that my son George Bruce also out of the above perquists give to my daughter Margaret Carter and Mary Albin ten shillings of currency each to be paid in grain, etc. Item - I give and bequeath to my son James Bruce my new great coat and beaver hat and to Richard Carter, my son-in-law, my suit of woolen clothes and to my son-in-law William Albin my suit of linen clothes. Item - I do constitute and ordain my sons James Bruce and George Bruce Executors of this my last will and testament. I do utterly disavow all other wills and testaments etc., no other. In witness whereof I have set my hand and seal this 4 day of November 1747. Signed and Sealed and delivered in the presence of Edward Parrel [son of Hugh Parrell], James McCoy [husband of daughter Ann], Elizabeth King [probably indentured servant, see below under son James], John Cusee.
John and his family are said to have been with the Joist Hite party that settled in Virginia. John is said to have been the founder of Brucetown, Virginia. Information on Joist Hite: (11) “ . . . In 1701, large bodies of land, from ten to thirty thousand acres with exemption from taxes for twenty years, to companies settling on the frontiers, -- on conditions, that there should be, in two years, on the land, one able bodied well armed man ready for defence, for every five hundred acres; and that these should live in a village of two hundred acres area, in the form of a square or parallelogram, laid off in lots near the centre of the town. In 1705 it was enacted that every person, male or female, coming into the colony, for the purpose of making settlement, be entitled to fifty acres of land: families to have fifty acres for each member; no persons possessing less than five tithable servants or slaves, were permitted to take more than five hundred acres; and no persons whatever were to take up more than four thousand acres in one patent. These laws did not produce the effect designed. Villages did not spring up along the frontier as had been expected. The settlements in the Valley of Virginia were not made in consequence of these laws, whose provisions were offensive. They were effected principally by the labours of three individuals to whom Governor Gooch made grants of extensive tracts of land, on condition that within a given time a certain number of permanent settlers should be located on the grants; Burden in Rockbridge County, Beverly in Augusta, and the Vanmeters on Opeckon in Frederick. Great efforts were made by these gentlemen to persuade emigrants from Europe and also Pennsylvania and New Jersey, to take their residence in the Valley of the Shenandoah. Advertisements, describing in glowing terms the beauty and fertility of the valley, and offering a home to the poor emigrant on easy terms, were sent abroad in every direction, and attracted the attention of the hard working tenants in England, Ireland, and Germany, to whom the offer of a farm in fee simple was the offer of wealth. Joist Hite having obtained the grant of the Vanmeters came in the year 1732, with sixteen families from Pennsylvania, and fixed his residence on the Opeckon, a few miles south of the present town of Winchester, on the Great Valley route, at a place now [1850] in possession of the Barton family. . . . This was the first regular settlement west of the Blue Ridge in Virginia. From this time the emigration to the Valley of the Shenandoah, and to the region at the eastern base of the Blue Ridge, was rapid. . . .”
The children of John and Sarah Bruce were:
Mary was christened on June 3, 1715 and died before 1772 or by 1777 in Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia. She married William Albin before 1747, when her father made his will. William Albin was born in 1710 in County Meath, Ireland and died before June 1765 in Virginia. See Albin history.
James was christened on May 20, 1720 in Leochel-Cushney, Aberdeen, Scotland (Church of Scotland records), and died in 1799 in Bardstown, Nelson County, Kentucky. He married Margaret McMahon circa 1744 in Frederick County, Virginia. Margaret died in 1796 or 1799 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She is said to have been the daughter of Colonel William McMahan and Elizabeth (Blair?). James and his father were carpenters, building many of the houses in Brucetown, Virginia. James was also a surveyor. As noted above, Hugh Parrell willed land to John Bruce. As a result, James Bruce received 310 acres from Lord Fairfax on April 12 and 14, 1760. James’ land was located on what is now the south side of Redbud Run served by Frederick County High 656, north from Virginia Highway 7 on the southeast part of the tract.
James moved his family to the north branch of the Potomac in present Alleghany County, Maryland circa 1764, and then to Pennsylvania, settling on land in Pennsylvania purchased from Margaret’s brother along the Monongahala River. James received an appointment from the Governor as an Ensign in the militia. During the 1780s, James and his oldest five children moved from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania to Nelson County, Kentucky. James was on the tax list on August 30, 1800 in Nelson County, Kentucky.
Margaret was either the daughter or sister of Colonel William McMahan/McMahon. She was not mentioned in William’s will as an heir, but it may be because she had received her inheritance earlier. One researcher states that Margaret received household furnishings and a bond servant at the time of her marriage. A McMahon researcher provided the following: (12) “I received some info from a cousin which discloses a reason that Margaret McMahon, who m ca 1744 James Bruce, was not mentioned in her father William McMachen’s (McMahon) will. A cousin, Ruth Hurst (our family genealogist who died 31 Dec, 1996), told me that Margaret received household furnishings and a slave (actually a bond servant) at the time of her marriage to James Bruce. . . . I got a list of 4 actions by Frederick Co Court Order Book which ties in with Ruth’s statement that dau Margaret obtained her inheritance when she mar. James Bruce, c 1744. (13) This data was transcribed by E. T. Stoncipher, a Bruce desc. who knew and corresponded with Ruth and lives in San Antonio. Virginia got it from Stoneciper. Ruth said Margaret received inheritance in form [of] household articles and a slave (the slave could have been an indentured servant, Elizabeth King) at the time of her marriage to James Bruce. . . . The only thing missing is the actual transfer of her Indenture bond from Wm McM to James Bruce which had to occur between 29 Aug 1744 and 5 Aug 1746.”
(Sat 29 Aug 1744) Wm McMachen, Gent. brought into court his servant maid Eliz. King for having a Bastard Child. She agreed to serve 1&1/2 yrs additional Indenture to pay for upkeep of the child. Church Wardens bind Child to Wm McM.
(Tues 5 Aug 1746) Elizabeth King, Servant to James Bruce agreed to serve said Master 3 yrs aft her former Time of Servitude is expired. 1 yr for trouble of supporting “Base born Child. 1 yr for J B paying her fine and 1 yr for entering bond to Church Wardens for keppin child off parish support.
(Tues 13 Aug 1751) Eliz. King made oath in court that Samuel Conyer begat her bastard child and Sheriff was to summon him to appear and post bond to support child. Also Eliz. King failing to give security for payment of Fine for bearing bastard child went to Pub. Whipping post for 25 lashes. (This might be her second child?)
(Tues 4 Aug 1752) On petition of Elia. King against James Bruce complaining that she is illegally detained by him as a servant. J. B. to appear tomorrow. (Wed 5 Aug 1752) Parties heard; is opinion of Court that Eliz King is free.
James’ grandson wrote his Memoirs in 1851: (14) “My first recollection that I have of my ancestors was hearing my grandfather, James Bruce, telling that himself and a younger brother, George Bruce, came from Scotland about the year 1740. My grandfather located in Winchester, Virginia. He was a house carpenter by trade, and I have heard him say that he built the first frame house that was ever built in that town. About the year 1744 he married a Margaret McMahon and moved to the north branch of the Potomac in Maryland. He continued there, following his trade and farming until he raised a large family of children. My father, William Bruce, was the eldest. He was born the 14th day of February, 1745. He had two sons younger than my father and six daughters, viz., Elizabeth, who married a man by the name of Thomas Anderson; Margaret, who married David Cox; Jane was married to a William Marshall; Nancy, that married Samuel Percifull; Ann, who married Samuel Glass; and James, who married one Polly Runyan, and George, that married the widow Biggs.
“My father married a widow Percifull, and the youngest daughter, Sally, married a Joshua Carmen, a Baptist preacher, a man of excellent character and a considerable speaker. He moved to the state of Ohio about fifty years ago, raised a large family and died at a good old age-about eighty-five. From the above enumerated uncles and aunts there has sprung an almost innumerable multitude. They mostly moved to Kentucky at an early day and settled in Nelson County. My father, soon after marrying my mother, moved to Monoghahela and settled about fourteen miles above Pittsburgh, between the mouths of Peteso Creek and Newels Store, now Elizabethtown. It was then the haunt of Indians and forts were the only place of safety for the families of those hardy pioneers. I had two sisters older than myself, that were born in the fort, and myself, the third child, soon after they ventured to their farms. I was born the Sixth of August, 1776, one month and two days after Independence was declared. I can, with the Apostle Paul, say that I was free born, while our forefathers had to obtain their freedom by their blood and treasure. During the Revolutionary War, my father was frequently called upon to perform military service. The first that I recollect him talking about was being stationed at a place then called Catfish Camp, called after an old Indian chief, near a place now called Washington, and not far from a place on the Monongahela then called Red Stone. My father served then in the capacity of lieutenant. The next service he performed was under General George Rogers Clark. He commanded a company under the veteran soldier to Louisville; was absent from home some five or six months.”
The children of James and Margaret were:
William A. Bruce, born 1745 in Maryland, died 1818 in Kentucky, married (1) Maria Lucas/Perciful circa 1771, (2) Sally Harris. Maria was born in 1745 in Pennsylvania, died in 1805 in Kentucky. William served in Revolutionary War under Gen. George Rogers Clark in the capacity of Lieutenant according to his son William’s memoirs (above). William’s son, William Jr. (born 1776), married Sarah “Sally Polk.” William founded Bruceville, Ind. and served in the “second war for independence” as he called it or the War of 1812 as we know it. William also fought in the battle of Tippecanoe. He has to his credit 25 children between his two wives – 15 with his wife Sarah - and 10 with Helen. When she was two, Sarah Polk, along with her older siblings, Judge William and Elizabeth, younger sister Nancy and Mother Delilah who was 7 months pregnant, were captured by the Wabash Indians at Kincheloes Station, Nelson County, Kentucky, and forced marched to a British held fort to what is now the area of Detroit, Michigan. (15) They were held there for almost a year before being retrieved by Capt. Charles Polk. While in captivity Charles Polk was born.
Elizabeth Bruce, married Thomas Anderson.
Margaret Bruce, married David Cox.
Jane Bruce, married William Marshal.
Nancy Bruce, married Samuel Perciful/Percival.
Anne Bruce, married Samuel Glass.
James Bruce, married Mary “Polly” Runyan.
George Bruce, married (1) widow Biggs, (2) Mary Garnett/Barnett, (3) Matty Gaskill.
Sally Bruce, married Joshua Carmen.
George (twin) was christened on April 27, 1722 in Cruden, Aberdeen, Scotland (Church of Scotland records), and died in 1797 or 1800 in Frederick County, Virginia. He married, circa 1750, Rachel Littler, daughter of Samuel Littler and Mary Brooks, who was born in Nottingham County, Pennsylvania. Another source states that Rachel’s parents were John Littler and Mary Ross, a granddaughter of Alexander Ross. (16) Samuel Littler was a brother of John Littler. In John Littler’s will, he left a bequest to his niece, Rachel. However the land transactions between George and the wife of John Littler seem to indicate that Rachel was the daughter of John Littler. Rachel died on August 28, 1821 in Frederick County, Virginia. George remained in Frederick County. The children of George and Rachel are said to have been: John Bruce, born circa 1750; Mary Bruce, born circa 1752; Sarah Bruce, born circa 1754; Ann Bruce, born circa 1757; George Bruce, born circa 1759; Leah Bruce; James Bruce, born April 20, 1762; and Rebecca Bruce, born circa 1764.
As noted above, Hugh Parrell willed land to John Bruce. As a result, George received 315 acres from Lord Fairfax on April 12 and 14, 1760. George’s land was located on what is now Ash Hollow Run, with part of Shenandoah Hills on the south leg of the land and Fairfax Road (Virginia Highway 7) and County Highway 656 on the southeast section of the tract. George and his wife Rachel Littler Bruce sold the 315-acre grant land he had inherited to Robert Rutherford for 150 pounds on April 4, 1761. On June 1, 1761, George purchased 255 acres from his mother-in-law Mary Littler for 200 pounds; (17) this land was on the west side of the “Waggon Road,” part of a 420-acre tract situated on both sides of Evan Thomas Run. (18) The property contained the grist and saw mills built by Rachel’s father. Here he operated a mill and a tavern (inn). This became Bruce’s Mills, later Brucetown. It may have been in this tavern where Francis Asbury (Bishop of Methodist Episcopal Church) stayed when he was making one of his “circuit rides” to spread the Gospel. He wrote in his journal in 1781, “Saturday, June 2. Preached at Martinsburg: afterward returned to Brother Bruce’s, he is a lily among the thorns.” Robert Ayres, in 1788, mentioned him as one of the “preaching places” in Berkeley circuit. Thomas Scott, a later circuit rider, referred to Bruce’s mills and said that one of Bruce’s brothers kept a tavern at Monroe, Highland County, Ohio. (19) Rachel Bruce was disowned by the Quaker church in 1777 for “joining the Methodists.”
George Bruce was deceased by June 30, 1800 when his will (written January 25, 1797) was proved in Frederick County Court. (20) He willed the “dwelling house and other houses with a one-acre lot” to his wife Rachel Bruce, “for her natural life.” He bequeathed the section of the plantation northwest of the Great Road (Highway 667), with grist mill and all buildings, to his son George. He willed the remainder of the plantation on the southeast side of the road, grist mill, sawmills and other improvements (including present-day Brucetown), to his son James. The will stipulated that James, who was downstream, was prohibited from raising the water level that would have damaged the property of his brother George. James was also to receive land adjacent to and on the south side of the Monongahela River. George was instructed to pay his mother Rachel Bruce one-third of the mill and plantation profits and James was to pay her 10 pounds annually for the use of the sawmill. George willed five shillings each to daughters Sarah Walker and Leah Hanry. After the death of Rachel, Bruce’s daughter Rebeckah Chenowith was to receive the house and lot.
Hopewell Friends History: (21) “John Littler, 1332 acres in his own name, and 438 acres in partnership with James Wright. The first-named tract lies five miles north of Winchester, and here John Littler first established his home, on the stream first called Yorkshireman’s Branch, and then Littler’s Run. In 1728 he married at Nottingham, Chester County, Pa., Mary, daughter of Alexander and Catherine Ross. In 1729/30 John Littler was living in Nottingham, and kept a public house in his dwelling, Alexander Ross being his bondsman. The Chester County Tavern License Papers, Vol. II, No. 60, contain the following petition indicative of John Littler’s removal to Virginia: To the Onerable Cort of qurtersessions to be heald at Chester ye Last tuesday in August for ye sd County 1731. Your Peticioner humbly Shueth, Whereas John Littler having had a Lisens from this Coart to keep Publick house he now is going Away and your Peticioner Living upon ye same Road Joyning to ye sd Littler having a Mind to Keep Public House for ye Entertainment of travellers or all Such as Stands in Need your Peticioner humbly Desires yt this Onerable Coart would Greant Me A Lisencs for ye Same which I hope Shall be Performed with as Good Rule and Order as ye Law derects in Shuch a Case. And your humbel Peticioner will be very Muc ablidgs to this Onorable Coart. The humbel Peticion of Thomas Hughes.
“It is gratifying to know that this labored effort on the part of Thomas Hughes was successful, the petition being granted by the court. John Littler also kept tavern at his new home in Virginia, on the plantation which he named. ‘Rocktown,’ and also operated thereon a grist mill and sawmill. About 1740 he moved to a tract of land about four miles northeast and established a new home, leaving the old home in the possession of his sons. The new home, where he operated grist mills, sawmills, and carding and fulling mills, he named ‘New Design.’ This place eventually became the village of Brucetown, and after his death Mary, his widow, continued to operate his various enterprises until her death in 17__.
“John Littler was a man of great energy and enterprise, and amassed what was in his day a very considerable fortune. He frequently appears in the Frederick County records, in various business transactions, and as being by the court intrusted with laying out new roads and altering and improving old one. His will is dated August 30, 1748, and was probated December 6, 1748; so he must have died between these dates. He mentions his sons Samuel, John, and Nathan, and also provides for an expected child; makes a bequest to his niece Rachel, daughter of his brother Samuel, and appoints his wife executrix and Joseph Lupton, John Milbourn, and Evan Thomas Junr. executors. Only his wife qualified, with George Ross and Evan Thomas as sureties.
Mary Littler seems to have been a successful business woman, and among other activities operated a tavern, which entertained the officers of General Braddock’s army on May 3, 1755. The diary of Mrs. Brown, a nurse with the detachment of sick following Braddock’s army, has the following entries for June 7 and 8, 1755: At 4 we began to march. Left Mr. Falkner behind, who did not choose to March with an empty stomach. Great Gusts of Rain. My Wagon and every thing in it wet, and all the Sick almost drown’d. At 4 we halted at my Friend Laittler’s who bid me Wellcome, but had no whiskey which was the Soldier’s first enquiry; for they were still in the Opinion that they could not live without it. We now live high, had for Dinner a Qr. of Lamb and a pye, to drink, my Friend’s temperate Liquor – Spring Water. I spent the Evening very agreeable; Mr. Falkner favored me with several Tunes on his Flute. Chatted till 10 and then retired. June 8th – I slept but poorly, laying on a deal Feather Bed. Having had no sleep for 2 Nights did not hear the Drum. We march’d at 4. At 9 we halted at my Friend Bellinger’s who bid me wellcome. My Brother set off for Winchester, 8 m off, But Mr. Falkner said he would do himself the Pleasure of staying with Me. We spent the Day very agreeably; had for Dinner some Veal and Greens, to drink french Wine, and for Supper Milk Punch.
“Mary Littler left no will, but the appraisement of her personal estate, amounting to 505 pounds, 16 shillings, and 10 pence, a large sum for that time, was made by an order of Frederick County court, November term, 1771. The appraisers were John Rees, Thomas McClunn, and Richard Carter. The lands of John Littler remained in the possession of his descendants for over 100 years, but passed to other hands when the owners joined the migration to the West. The large stone mansion-house built on the “Rocktown” plantation by Nathan, grandson of John Littler, is one of the show places of Frederick County. . . . The last home of John Littler, ‘New Design,’ with its mills and tavern, has become the village of Brucetown. Nearly on the site of his house stands the residence now occupied by Mr. O. F. Snapp, and known as the “Tanquary House.” Littler’s Tavern stood a few hundred yards west, on the Braddock Road, and is now the property of the Timberlake estate.”
John Bruce, born circa 1750.
Mary Bruce, born circa 1752.
Sarah Bruce, born circa 1754.
Ann Bruce, born circa 1757. This may be the “Ann Mongomary (formerly Bruce)” who was disowned by the Hopewell Quakers on June 5, 1775 because she “married contrary to discipline.” (22) She is said to have married a John Montgomery.
George Bruce, born circa 1759.
Leah Bruce.
James Bruce was born on April 20, 1762. In 1783 James married Lydia Jolliffe, who was disowned by the Hopewell Quakers on May 3, 1784 because she “married contrary to discipline.” (23) James later married Anna Bond Job in 1811. According to John Bruce of the Shenandoah, “James and Anna lived in Frederick Co., until after their first two children were born. In 1815, they moved to Highland Co., OH, where they kept a hotel at Hillsborough for a year. In 1816 they moved to Monroe, OH, where they operated a tavern until James died 28 Feb 1826. About a year later, Anna and some of the children were farming in Fayette Co., OH. Between 1827 and 1840, Anna, moved to Des Moines Co., IA. Living nearby were the families of her children: Lydia E. (Bruce) Smith, James Bruce, Jane Leah (Bruce) Terry, and Sarah (Bruce) Anderson. Of James Bruce, his son, James Jr. writes, ‘In 1779, in his 18th year, he volunteered as a soldier of the Revolutionary War. His father being a Quaker, was opposed to his son bearing arms, and through the influence of his friend Lawrence Washington, a nephew of General George Washington, had his son appointed Wagon Master, and he served in that position.’” (24)
Rebecca Bruce, born circa 1764.
John (twin) was christened on April 22, 1722 and died young.
Ann was christened circa 1725, and died on February 4, 1808 in Union Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. She married James Thomas McCoy in 1747-48, Frederick County. James McCoy was born about 1719 or 1725 in Ulster, Ireland, and died on September 30, 1801 in Union Township. Ann may be buried at the Great Bethel Baptist Cemetery in Fayette County. In 1769 Ann and James were among the first to locate in the part of Pennsylvania between the Monongahela and Youghiogheny rivers southeast of Pittsburgh, where the land was in dispute between Virginia and Pennsylvania. (25) James was taught to read and write by the wife of Jost Hite, and thus was the only witness to John Bruce’s will who could write his name. Their children were: Mary, born 1748; William, born March 31, 1754 in Brownsville, Pennsylvania; George, born 1756; Isaac, born 1756; Sarah, born January 13, 1758; Ann, born circa 1760; Joseph, born circa 1762; Mary, born circa 1762; Rachel, born circa 1762; John Thomas, born circa 1764 in Brownsville.
From the Virginia Albins: (26) “Ann Bruce married James McCoy, who had been an indentured servant after he ran away from his uncle in Ireland and became a stow-away on a ship. He later worked for Mrs. Hite, and possibly that is how he became acquainted with the Bruce family. Ann and James went to Redstone, in what is now Fayette County, PA, where they raised a large family. Their son, William, married Elizabeth Royce/Rice. He was a Baptist minister, and after the Revolutionary War, took his family to Kentucky, where he had received bounty land. James McCoy died in 1801 and Ann (Bruce) McCoy died in 1808, in Uniontown, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. William McCoy’s son, Isaac, became a minister at age nineteen, and a revered missionary to the Indians, who established Baptist missions in northern Indiana and southern Michigan. Later he made many trips to Washington, DC to persuade the President and Congress to set aside land in the present states of Kansas, Oklahoma and Nebraska for the exclusive use of the Indians. He felt they would be destroyed completely if they remained in close proximity to the white man and his ‘firewater.’ After the removal of the Indians to what became Kansas Territory, he established his home in western Missouri, at Westport, now a historical section of Kansas City. He was later called to Louisville, Kentucky to publish a Baptist publication. The Kansas Historical Society Archives contain over thirty volumes of his diary and papers, some of which have been published. He died in 1846 in Louisville.” According to court records of April 18, 1776, James McCoy served on the jury of Ohio County.
From John Bruce of the Shenandoah: (27) “Anne, the youngest daughter of John Bruce was born c 1724 either in Scotland or Ireland. As a child she was with her parents when they came to America, and when they settled near Winchester during the 1730’s. She married James McCoy c 1747. James McCoy was a husky, handsome Scoth-Irish orphan of 14 years when he ran away from his uncle's horse farm in Ireland. He was a stowaway on a ship to America, and delayed making his appearance until the ship was well out to sea. James boasting about his knowledge of horses netted him an indenture to an American horse trader when the ship’s captain auctioned off his services to cover his passage. James’s subsequent travels with his master for wild horses, and a chance meeting with innskeeper, Mrs. Hite, in Winchester, resulted in the end of James’ indenture and his learning to read and write when he first came to Frederick County in 1735. James and Anne may have lived at Brownsville (now Fayette County, PA) while they were raising their family. Warrant of 14 June 1769 was granted James McCoy on 305 acres of land known as ‘Flint Hill’ located between the Monogahela and the Younghiogheny Rivers south of Pittsburgh. Another tract of 221 acres in this same area of Fayette County was surveyed to James McCoy 23 Sep 1769. Lands of Thomas Brownfield and Isaac Sutton joined ‘Flint Hill,’ while two miles to the southwest was Fort Gaddis – a welcome refuge during the terrorizing spring and summer of 1774.”
Margaret was christened on March 5, 1726-27, and died in South Carolina. She married Richard Carter by 1747. Richard Carter was the son of James Carter and Susanna Griffith, who was born about 1720 in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Richard died in Laurens County, South Carolina.
Another researcher has these children in this birth order: Mary Bruce, Margaret Bruce, James Bruce, George Bruce, Ann Bruce.
Parrell/Parrill Family
Hugh Parrell ( – ca 1748) + Ann Calvert
..... 2 Edward Parrell
..... 2 John Parrell (ca 1740 – ca 1811) + Elizabeth
..... 2 Joseph Parrell (ca 1735 – ca 1815) + Sarah Turner
..... 2 Sarah Parrell (ca 1690 – ) + John Bruce
..... 2 Christian Parrell + William McMahon
Hugh Parrell married Ann (said to be Ann Calvert, see Calvert family history). Hugh died about 1748. In Hugh’s will, he did not mention a daughter Sarah, but he did leave 300 acres to “my loving kinsman John Bruce,” Sarah’s husband. It is likely that Sarah was his daughter and her inheritance was directed to her husband. Hugh’s children were: Edward (witness to John Bruce’s will), John, Joseph, Sarah (born circa 1690), and Christian (born after 1727). Hugh Parrell received a patent from the Colony of Virginia for 466 acres on 12 November 12, 1735; this tract was surveyed for him by Robert Brooke on October 28, 1734. (28) This land is located in what is now close proximity to the north side of Redbud Run (a branch of Opequon Creek). Frederick County Highway 661 and 662 join on the west section at the head of Lick Run. Sources state that Hugh came from Scotland in late 1690’s or early 1700’s. He may have been born in Portsoy, Fordyce, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Hugh served on the first Grand Jury in Frederick County. Hugh and his kinsman John Bruce were listed as appraisers for property. He was also shown as a witness on wills. The name Parrell was recorded “Parrell and Parrill,” in legal documents pertaining to Hugh. It seems from the legal documents of his son John, that “Parrill” became the spelling that he used, and from that point on, the others followed him in using the ‘i’ instead of ‘e’ in Parrell. Hugh’s will: (29)
“In the Name of God Amen. The XIV day of September in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Forty Eight, I Hugh Parrel of the County of Frederick being sick of body, but good and perfect memory (Thanks be to Almighty God) do make, constitute, ordain and declare This my Last Will and Testament in manner and form following revoaking and annulling by these presents all and every Testament and Testaments Will and Wills heretofore by me made and declared either by word or writing, ratifying and confirming this and no other to be my Last Will and Testament. And as touching my _______ estate wherewith it as pleased God to bless me within this life I give devise and dispose in the following manner.
“Imprimis. I give and bequeath to my son Edward Parrel two hundred acres of land joining to Doctor Daniel Hart and John Milbourn to him and his heirs forever, one hundred being patented and the other being that which is surveyed and the plot returned to the Secretary’s Office and also ten acres of my marsh for the term of fifteen years to be laid off of the loan or end of the same by a line of crops. Item. I give and bequeath to my sons Joseph and John Parrel the remain part of my Patented Land to be equally divided between them in the following manner the East and thereof to be my son Joseph and the other to be my son John which is to include the plantation to them and their heirs forever. Item. I give and bequeath to my loving kinsman John Bruce and his heirs forever three hundred acres of land be the same more or less lying on the southwest side of Redbud Creek and joining on my afores Patented Land which said three hundred acres of land is not yet Patented but surveyed and returned to the Secretary’s Office. Item. I give and bequeath to my loving wife, Ann Parrel a bed and bedclothes, the Bay Mare I had to William Gaddis and her Yearling Colt which belonged to her old mare. Item. My Will is that my loving wife shall have the sole use of my Plantation so long as she remains my widow.
Item. I give and bequeath to my son Edward the Roan horse, the Bay Mare and Black mare which I had formerly given him before. Item. I give and bequeath to my son Joseph the black mare and colt which I formerly gave him before. Item. My will is that after my just debts are paid that the residue of my personal estate shall be equally divided between my wife and my three sons and my daughter Christian. Item. I give and bequeath to my Daughter Christian Ten pounds to be paid to her when she comes of age by my sons Edward, Joseph and John in equal proportion and if any of my sons should die before she comes of age that then the survivors of them shall pay her the sum aforesaid. Item. My will is that if either of my sons Joseph and John should die before they come of Age that his land shall descend to the survivor of them to be equally divided between him and my son Edward and if my sons Joseph and John should die before they come of age that then my will is that the lands willed them shall descent to my son Edward. Item. I do hereby appoint my well beloved wife, Ann Parrel Executrix, my son Edward Parrel and my cousin Robert Calvert, Executors of this my Last Will and Testament In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal the day and year above written. Signed Sealed Published and Declared by the Testator to be his Last Will and Testament in the presence of Tho. Wood, James Bruce, Isaiah Calvert, Rich. Calvert at a Court committed and held for Frederick County on Wednesday the 5th Day of October 1748. (signed) Hugh H. Parrel. This Will of Hugh Parrel deed was proved in open Court by the Oaths of Thomas Wood and Richard Calvert who also made Oath that they saw Isaiah Calvert and James Bruce subscribe the same as witnesses and Richard Calvert the Executor thereon named having made Oath to the same according to Law, it now admitted to record. (signed) Teste J. Wood, C.C.”
Guardians were appointed for his minor children Joseph, John and Christian; Edward was the only child of legal age. Robert Calvert, who was executor for the estate of Hugh Parrell, probated October 5, 1748, was the brother of Ann Calvert, provides further support that Hugh was married to Ann Calvert (see Calvert family history).
Hugh was listed as one of the “Fathers of the Colony” (see information on Hopewell Meeting). The Hopewell Friends History: (30) “Hugh Parral, 466 acres joining John Calvert, near Kernstown, Frederick County, Va. Hugh Parral had other tracts in Frederick County by patents from Lord Fairfax, and at the time of his death had surveyed and filed claims for additional lands which had not yet been patented to him. His will, probated October 5, 1748, leaves 200 acres to his son Daniel [sic Edward], adjoining Dr. Daniel Hart and John Millbourne. He makes bequests to his sons Joseph and John; leaves 300 acres on the southwest side of Red Bud Creek ‘to my loving kinsman, John Bruce’ mentions his son Edward, ‘my daughter Christian ’not yet of age, and ‘my Cousin Robert Calvert.’ His wife Ann was to have possession of certain property during her life or widowhood. Witnesses, Thomas Wood, James Bruce, Isaiah Calvert, and Richard Calvert. Robert Calvert qualified as executor, with William McMachen and Richard Calvert as sureties.”
Sons Joseph and his wife Anne Parrell and John and his wife Elizabeth Parrell sold 24 acres (of the 466-acre tract) to Robert Rutherford for 65 pounds on September 13, 1765; Edward was deceased by then. On October 2 and 5, 1765, Joseph and John divided the remaining 442 acres between them. Joseph received 219 acres and John received 222 acres. (31) Children of Hugh and Ann:
Edward Parrell was a witness to John Bruce’s will. He is said to have never married.
John Parrell, born circa 1740, was living in Hampshire County, West Virginia by May 22, 1765 when he bought 413 acres on Dillons Run (a branch of Cacapon River), south of Capon Bridge, West Virginia from Isaac and wife Mary Foster. John was deceased by August 19, 1811 when his will (written May 8, 1809) was proved in Hampshire County Court. His will listed wife Elizabeth and five children: Edward, William, Ann Beals, Jane Crumpton (deceased, granddaughter Jane C.) and Joseph. (32) An undocumented source states: (33) “He was Judge in Hampshire Co. in 1798. He also was the tax collector for various years. At one point he had 1200 acres of land in the Capon Valley, and Dillon Run areas of Hampshire Co WV. John Jr. was also a judge and he went to Ohio in the early 1800’s as did a lot of Parrills.” John’s son Edward is said to have married Rachel Ashbrook, his son Joseph married Isabella Grey.
Joseph Parrell, born circa 1735, was deceased by May 6, 1815 when his will (written January 12, 1814) was proved in Frederick County Court. He is said to have married Sarah Turner. In his will he listed his children: Hugh, John, Joseph, Mary, Sarah Sexton, Ann, Elizabeth Grimes, Rebecah Cooper and Ruth Hodge. To his son Hugh, he willed the 219 acre plantation “on which I now live, provided he and my 3 daughters, who now live with me, Mary Parrell, Sarah Sexton and Ann Parrell, live together.” (34) It may have been Joseph’s daughter Ann who married John Calvert (son of John and Jane Calvert). His son Joseph married Sarah Calvert, daughter of John and Jane Calvert (see Calvert history). Their children are said to have been: Hugh Jr., Eleanor, Nancy, Sarah, Elizabeth, and Mary. In his 1838 will, John Calvert, who married Anne Parrell, bequeathed to Sarah Parrill, widow of Joseph Parrill, deceased, and her three single daughters, viz: Eleanor, Sarah and Mary Y. Parrill, all his real and personal estate when and wheresoever it be found: viz; Thirty-one acres and a half of land, lying in Frederick County adjoining Arthur Carter and others, also some revolutionary claims, and furniture of all descriptions to them and their heirs forever. Lastly I appoint Sarah Parrill and her three daughters above named my sole executors.
Sarah Parrell, born circa 1690, not named in Hugh’s will, married John Bruce.
Christian Parrell, born after 1727. Said to have married William McMahon.
Endnotes
1 Posted by DM Austring on January 09, 1999 on GenForum In Reply to: James Bruce, Scotland > Maryland posted by William S. Remington on January 08, 1999: “The parents of James Bruce were John Bruce (b c Sep1690, Portsoy, Aberdeenshire, son of Thomas Bruce and Mary Christian and Sarah Parrell (dtr of Hugh Parrell and Ann Calvert). They had six chn: Mary (1715), James (1720), George (1722), John (1722?), Ann (1725) and Margaret (1728). Ann Bruce married James McCoy and is my 5gt-grandmother.
2 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, microfilm of Parrish Records of the Church of Scotland.
3 T. K. Cartmell, Shenandoah Valley Pioneers, p.18.
4 Orange County, Virginia Court Book 2, p. 210.
5 Orange County, Virginia Court Book 2, p. 210.
6 Violet Laverne Bruce, John Bruce of the Shenandoah, 1987.
7 George W. Vale, Genealogy of the Walker & Littler Families, p. 281
8 Cognetes, English Duplicates of Lost Virginia Records, p. 118; Joyner, Northern Neck Warrants and Surveys, Frederick County, Virginia, Volume II, p. 21.
9 Gray, Northern Neck Grants K-103, K-104.
10 John Bruce Last Will and Testament Frederick County, Virginia - Will Book 1, Page 205 - (1748). Posted VA genweb by Dave Dollard, sites.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/va/frederic.htm, Accessed: 21 Nov 1998.
11 Excerpts from Sketches of Virginia, Historical and Biographical, by the Rev. William Henry Foote, D.D. Pastor of the Presbyterian Church, Romney, Virginia, published in Philadelphia by William S. Martien in 1850.
12 Posted on Bruce Genforum by Martha McMahon on October 20, 1998.
13 Frederick County, Virginia Court Order Book No. 1, 1743-45, p. 175; Book No. 2, 1745-48, p. 115; Book No. 3, 1748-51, p. 491; Book No. 4, p. 223.
14 Memoirs of the Bruce Family by William Bruce, August 6, 1851, Written by William Bruce, Age 75. www.famhist.us/getperson.php?personID=I1299778&tree=allfam, accessed 2007.
15 William Harrison Polk, Polk Family and Kinsmen, (Louisville, Kentucky: Bradley & Gilbert Company. 1912), pages 390-392.
16 Arthur Hamilton, Genealogy of the Littler Family, Vol.1, pg 95. Rachel Littler is the daughter of John Littler (1708-1748) & Mary Ross (1706-1781).
17 Frederick County, Virginia Deed Book 6, pp. 220. 365.
18 Gray, Northern Neck Grants, 11-126 (3 April 1756).
19 See the Scott manuscript; Ayer's manuscript Journal, 1788-89; Bennett: Memorials of Methodism in Virginia, 139.
20 Frederick County, Virginia Will Book 6, p. 508.
21 Hopewell Friends History, 1734-1934, Frederick County, Virginia: Records of Hopewell Monthly, by Joint Committee of Hopewell Friends, Hopewell Friends, John Walter Wayland, published 1975, Genealogical Publishing Com, pp. 31-33. Reprint of the 1936 ed. printed by Shenandoah Pub. House, Strasburg, Va.
22 Hopewell Friends History, 1734-1934, Frederick County, Virginia: Records of Hopewell Monthly, by Joint Committee of Hopewell Friends, Hopewell Friends, John Walter Wayland, published 1975, Genealogical Publishing Com, p. 501. Reprint of the 1936 ed. printed by Shenandoah Pub. House, Strasburg, Va.
23 Hopewell Friends History, 1734-1934, Frederick County, Virginia: Records of Hopewell Monthly, by Joint Committee of Hopewell Friends, Hopewell Friends, John Walter Wayland, published 1975, Genealogical Publishing Com, p. 501. Reprint of the 1936 ed. printed by Shenandoah Pub. House, Strasburg, Va.
24 Cope, The Sharpless Family, p.408.
25 Elizabeth Hayword, John M’Coy, His Life & His Diaries, New York: American Historical Co., Inc.
26 The History of the Albin Family Out of Old Frederick County Virginia, Ethel Albin, 1990, p. 4.
27 Violet Laverne Bruce, John Bruce of the Shenandoah, 1987.
28 Virginia Land Patent Book 16, p.400; Brooke, Robert, Book of Surveys, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia.
29 Last Will and Testament of Hugh Parrel Frederick County, Virginia Will Book 1, Pages 195 and 196. VA Genweb, Frederick County posted by Dave Dollard, sites.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/va/frederic.htm, accessed: 21 Nov 1998. Frederick County, Virginia Will Book 1, pp. 195, 200, 208, 209.
30 Hopewell Friends History, 1734-1934, Frederick County, Virginia: Records of Hopewell Monthly, by Joint Committee of Hopewell Friends, Hopewell Friends, John Walter Wayland, published 1975, Genealogical Publishing Com, p. 34. Reprint of the 1936 ed. printed by Shenandoah Pub. House, Strasburg, Va.
31 Frederick County, Virginia Deed Book 11, pp. 4, 36, 41.
32 Sage & Jones, Early Records of Hampshire County, Virginia (West Virginia), pp. 19, 128.
33 Official Parrill Webpage, www.parrill.com/main.html, accessed 2007.
34 Frederick County, Virginia Will Book 9, p. 340.