Irish Research
THE GENEALOGICAL OFFICE DUBLIN
AN OVERVIEW OF ITS HISTORY AND RECORDS
submitted by Phil McManus



Even though the Genealogical Office Dublin has catered more to the aristocracy of Anglicised Ireland, the commoners, the everyday people, found their way into the records.  In establishing a true line of descent   and finding rights to bear arms, the G.O.D. has to prepare all the known lineage of a family.  In preparing these 'pedigree' charts (known to Americans as descendancy charts), many records had to be consulted, extracted, categorized, and indexed to make the Chief Herald's and those in his employe jobs easier.  To understand heraldry, in its intended form, is to see the history of families open before you.  Too often we see people being led to believe that they have a "family   crest".  In heraldry there is no such thing.  There are armorial families but NO family crests.  Grants of arms are given only to a person, not a family.  His descendants may be given the right to claim the arms, but not the right to bear them (present them publicly).  Each individual person within a family will have their own uniquely stylized version of the family arms, which is differenced by shape (which identify gender of person) and by cadency (marks showing order of birth).  To see a coat of arms, especially when quartered, is to see a PERSON's surname ancestry in a simplified format.  A coat of arms may also show personal achievements and social status of the family (gentry, baronetcy, peerage, etc.).  Ireland is fortunate to have had an office in place early on to record the records of the Irish-English aristocracy and the emerging class of Gaelic armorial families (where before the Irish did not use coats of arms).
 

I - WHAT IS THE GENEALOGICAL OFFICE DUBLIN?
   A - Purpose of Office - This office is to control all heraldic grants in
     respect to the position of the College of Arms in London, England.
   B - Creation of Office - This office (Ulster) was originally created to
     grant and control rights to arms in Ireland.  Especially as Ireland
     was becoming more under the control of England.  In 1922 this office
     was split.  The Ulster office was given to Norroy (the London office)
     and a new one was created under the Republic as "Chief Herald of All
     Ireland".
   C - People occupying Office - The people heading the office (currently
     Donal Begley) are rigorously trained in Heraldic conventions and forms
     of research.  They are expected to be able to identify and or find
     coats of arms and know if one is already in existence.  They are to
     grant arms to individuals (not families as one hears all the time)
     based upon the current armorical status of his/her lineage, and his/her
     achievements in life (such as military victories, etc).
   D - Records Created by Office - Records created by this office are
     pedigree charts, heraldic sketches or descriptions, grants of arms,
     extracts of records for use in heraldry, control records of use of
     heraldry in State affairs.
 

II - TYPES OF RECORDS - WHAT DOES THE G.O.D. HAVE THAT I COULD LOOK AT?
   A - DIRECTORIES -
       Directories: Belfast, Cork and Waterford (1805) [FHL# 0100179]
       Directory Slip, Enniskillen, Ballyfarnan, Donegal (1829) [FHL#
         0100179]
   B - GENEALOGICAL COLLECTIONS - There are some compiled histories and
     pedigrees on various families by various authors.
       Miscellaneous Pedigrees (Red Binding) [FHL# 0100155]
       O'Malley Pedigree (Mayo) by Sir Samuel O'Malley, Baronet [FHL#
         0100155]
       O'Reilly Pedigree (TSG) See also Linea Antiqua [FHL# 0100155]
       A Descdancy of the Genealogy of the Forbes by Mr Matthew Lumsden of
        Filiakairn [FHL# 0100155]
       Naple, White, Madden & Meekins Pedigrees from the National Library
         (no index) [FHL# 0100155]
       Betham Pedigrees (Genealogy of Sir William Betham) [FHL# 0100155]
       Stemmata Wykehemiana et Chicheliana (with index) [FHL# 0100155]
       De Angelo (Nangle) Pedigree (no index) by Sir William BETHAM [FHL#
         0100155]
   C - CONTEMPORARY FAMILY HISTORIES / PEDIGREES - There was some work
   done on families applying for grants of arms many Irish and English.
       Collectionae Genealogica: Volume 1, Browne, Fitzgerald, Hamilton,
         Stewart, Walker, White, Wilson [FHL# 0100103]
       Collectionae Genealogica: Volume 2, A-D [FHL# 0100103]
       Collectionae Genealogica: Volume 3, D-O [FHL# 0100103]
       Collectionae Genealogica: Volume 4, O-Y [FHL# 0100103]
       Hyde, Volume III, Betham [FHL# 0100116]
       Killeen, Volume I, Betham [FHL# 0100116]
       Le Poer, Volume II, Betham [FHL# 0100116]
   D - TRADITIONAL AND OTHER FAMILY HISTORIES / PEDIGREES - Some pedigrees
     and histories were transcribed from ancient texts for use in heraldry.
       Chaos, Volume 1-5 [FHL# 0100208]
      Pedigrees: O'Ferrall's Linea Antiqua, Volume II [FHL# 0100122]
   E - NEWSPAPERS
       Marriages from Exchaws and Hibernian Magazines, Volume I, 1741-1800
         [FHL# 0100166]
       Marriages from Exchaws and Hibernian Magazines, Volume II, 1741-1800
         [FHL# 0100166]
       Marriages from Exchaws and Hibernian Magazines, Volume III, 1743-1800
         [FHL# 0100166]
   F - WILLS AND PROBATE RECORDS -
       Admons, Prerogatives, Volume 1, A-D [FHL# 0100114]
       Stephen - Wexford Pedigrees; Calendar of Dublin Wills [FHL# 0100137]
   G - LOCAL AND AREA HISTORIES
       County Louth, 17th Century, Miscellany [FHL# 0100182]
   H - OCCUPATIONAL AND TAX LISTINGS [can be connected with Directories]
       Freeholders: Counties Meath, Donegal, Fermanagh, Rosscommon,
         Tipperary [FHL# 0100181]
       Freeholders: Counties Kilkenny, Clare (1829), Queens [Leix] (1758-
         75) [FHL# 0100181]
       Westmeath Poll Book (1761), and Armagh Poll Book (1753) [FHL#
         0100181]
       Freeholders: County Longford [FHL# 0100181]
       Hearth Money Rolls: 1694/5, Armagh & Donegal [FHL# 0100181]
       High Sheriffs of Counties [FHL# 0100139]
       Knights Dubbed 1565-1616, Volume I [FHL# 0100186]
       Knights Dubbed 1633-1687, etc., Volume II [FHL# 0100186]
       Register of Knights, Volume 3, 1801-1854 [FHL# 0100186]
       Register of Knights, Volume 4, 1853-1892 [FHL# 0100186]
   I - LAND RECORDS -
       Fisher Manuscripts: Abstracts of Deeds and Wills, 1 [FHL# 0100140]
   J - PARISH REGISTERS - PUBLISHED AND UNPUBLISHED
       Parish Registers [FHL# 0100158]
       Dublin Parish Registers [FHL# 0100226]
       Castleknock, Co Dublin Parish Registers [FHL# 0100225]
   K - MAPS - VARIOUS MAPS SHOWING ESTATES AND RENTERS
       Wolfe Rental Maps, King's (Offaly) County [FHL# 0100225]
   L - CONSISTORY COURT -
       Dublin Consistorial Marriage Licenses Bonds 1638-1823, Volume I, A-D
         [FHL# 0100227]
       Dublin Consistorial Marriage Licenses Bonds 1638-1823, Volume II, E-M
         [FHL# 0100227]
       Dublin Consistorial Marriage Licenses Bonds 1638-1823, Volume II, N-Z
         [FHL# 0100227]
   M - PREROGATIVE COURT -
      Diocese Tuam Wills / compiled and presented by Philip CROSSLE, 120
         pages [FHL# 0257807]
       Dublin Diocesan Marriages Licenses: Volume 1, 1638-1732  Fisher
         Manuscripts [FHL #0100226]
       Dublin Diocesan Marriages Licenses: Volume 2, 1732-1749, Fisher
         Manuscripts [FHL #0100226]
       Dublin Diocesan Marriages Licenses: Volume 3, 1749-1764, Fisher
         Manuscripts [FHL #0100226]
       Dublin Diocesan Marriages Licenses: Volume 4, 1789-1794, Fisher
         Manuscripts [FHL #0100226]
       Dublin Diocesan Marriages Licenses: Volume 4, 1794-1800, Fisher
         Manuscripts [FHL #0100226]
       Fisher Manuscripts: Prerogative Marriage Licenses, 1630- 1858, A-F
         [FHL# 0100167]
       Fisher Manuscripts: Prerogative Marriage Licenses, 1630- 1858, G-O
         [FHL# 0100168]
       Fisher Manuscripts: Prerogative Marriage Licenses, 1630- 1858, P-Z
         [FHL# 0100168]
   N - MILITARY RECORDS -
       Army List (Ireland) 1746-1772 [FHL# 0100182]
   O - HERALDIC RECORDS -
     Some of these records contain unexpected
     information on the most unexpected subjects.
       Funeral Processions [FHL# 0100160]
       Funeral Entries, Volume 1, 1588-1617 [FHL# 0100160]
       Funeral Entries, Volume 2, 1597-1603 [FHL# 0100160]
       Funeral Entries, Volume 3, 1604-1622 [FHL# 0100160]
       Funeral Entries, Volume 4, 1651-1682 [FHL# 0100160]
       Irish Obituaries, A-B [FHL# 0100164]
       Irish Obituaries, C-F [FHL# 0100164]
       Visitations, Volume 3, Wexford [FHL# 0100225]
III - HOW THE RECORDS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER
   A - Starting the process.  Someone approaches the office with a request
     to have a grant of arms.  Correspondance takes place between the office
     and the applicant.  A lot is transmitted with this exchange (pedigree
     information, history of family, etc.).
   B - Chart-making.  The office starts recording the ancestry and other
     information by making pedigree charts (reverse ones, showing
     descendancy as from a common person).  These charts are kept ongoing
     until it is discerned that the rights to the grant of arms are
     legitimate.
   C - Extraction.  At the time of research, or if records are commonly
     needed at the office but they don't have time to access the originals,
     extract of the records are made.  Many times these are recorded on the
     pedigree charts.  Other times they take the form of a collection on the
     surname or a collection of the same type of record from a single
     source.
   D - Sketches.  Heraldic sketches are often made for the artist (or by the
     artist) to help determine the proper blazoning before granting the
     arms.  Many books of these were kept for reference by the office.
   E - Grants, and writs of Grants.  When it is decided that a grant of arms
     is legitimate, a proclamation is recorded showing the grant of arms
     TO A PERSON and his immediate family.
   F - Funerals.  It was the place of the Genealogical Office to conduct and
     arrange the ceremonies (at least the part involving heraldry) of
     funerals of prominent armorial families.  These records include the
     funeral bier, the flags, pennants, attendees, etc. of the funeral
     (sometimes down to the color of the horses).  It was done to ensure
     *proper form* of the procession and ceremony.
   G - Visitations.  In the 1500's and the 1600's it became necessary to
     record those armorial families.  This ensured that there were
     legitimate use and claim to arms by the families. Visitations even
     included those ecclesiastical offices that held secular titleage.
     The visitations include pedigree charts and some history of the
     individuals on the chart.
   H - Knights and Chivalrous orders.  As an aspect of heraldry, knights
     and chivalrous orders use heraldry as a means of identification of
     individuals (particulary when the person is fully armoured with the
     helmet visor down).  The office controlled the use of arms, thus
     battlefield.  The Order of St. Patrick was created under the G.O.
     and thus the G.O. was involved in designing the arms, symbolisms, etc.
     used by that order.
   I - Other records.  It was the practice of the G.O. to collect histories
     of families.  Especially that of the native Irish.  When manuscripts
     and other sources became available, that material was extracted.  On
     the other side of the coin, copies of the G.O.'s records were
     transmitted to London to the College of Arms at their request.  Thus
     you will find TONS of Irish genealogical material in London.
     Much research was done at London as well in the State Paper Office.
     Using the Curia Regis Rolls, Pipe rolls, Pardons by the crown, Rentals,
     Army lists, Kings Bench Court records, Canterbury Court records, etc.
     the herald was often able to piece together family history that they
     wouldn't be able otherwise to prove or even ascertain.  In the same
     fashion, I was able to put my family together.  All in all there are over
     700 manuscripts in the G.O. to be used!
III - NOTES AND TIPS IN USING GENEALOGICAL OFFICE DUBLIN RECORDS -
   A - Check repeat sources but different times of extraction - Someone may
     include what another has missed
   B - Don't go under the assumption that Northern Ireland or the Republic
     of Ireland records are exclusive to their own country.  A large number
     of the Irish moved from one area to the other because of economic or
     social reasons (i.e. famine, religious persecution, etc.)   Overlapping
     records occur because of the way some families were spread out over the
     island.
   C - Learn Heraldry!  Most records you find relating to heraldry (in its
     true and accurate form) relate to genealogy.  Extracts, pedigrees and
     copies of long gone documents still exist which help us in learning
     about our family.
   D - Be Thorough!  Leave No Stone Un-Turned!'  Information turns up in the
     most unlikely places.
   E - Be Aware of Your Sources!  Things aren't always what they seem!
   F - Keep 'heraldic style' pedigree charts on families that you have
     research in so far as knowing whose records you are working with and
     how they relate to your family.
   G - Study your history!
      Locality and Area History - What went on while they were alive where
        they were at?
      Social History - What lifestyle did or could they have lead?
      Relational History - Family, Immediate relations, Allied or Collateral
      families, Associated Families, Non- Related families.  Knowing who,
      what, when, and where will help you locate and identify particular
      families -- especially in common names such as Kelly, Burns, Maguire,
      O'Reilly, etc.
   H - Learn Social Customs and Government Practices. Occupation or Social
     Status such as spinster, widow, gentry, esquire, carries with it
     load of information with just the one word.
   I - Date or Place association.  Very important in Irish research.
   J - Find out what records were created when particular transactions took
     place -- such as marriage contracts, land deeds, wills, heraldic
     grants, marriage bonds, court proceedings.
   K - Check Surname books for general location of name in Ireland.  Use
     only as a guide, not as a source in and of itself.  Not exactly
     necessary to have place as it is to have allied families.
   L - Start building an index on the surname(s) and area(s) you are working
     on.
   M - Take Good Notes -- Note any and all information: Surname and
     Christian Names, Nicknames, Use-names, Locality, Event and
     circumstances surrounding event, Date (be as precise as possible),
     Occupation or Status, Religion ALL information is 'Vital Statistics'
     when it refers to an individual or group of individuals linking them to
     a place, date, or other people.
   N - Surnames -- Learn origins and common places of surname to show up.
     DO NOT stick to this alone, but use as a SPRINGBOARD FOR RESEARCH.
     The most common thing for people to be told is "If you can't find a
     locality for the surname, chances are you can't proceed".  This is
     FALSE.  Sometimes a family moved from place to place.  Check all
     resources before taking NO or YOU CAN'T or YOU NEED as the final say
     so.