GALLOWAY

2II. UCHTRED (FERGUS 1) See CARRICK

m. GUNNILD, d. of Waldeve of Allerdale (SeeDUNBAR)
murdered 22 Sept. 1174

Uchtred was usually described as 'Uchtred, son of Fergus' as he was not lord of the whole of Galloway, but shared the province with his brother Gilbert. He appears as a witness to royal charters both before and after the death of his father who was obliged to send him to the Scottish court as a hostage after the insurrection was surpressed. Uchtred was also a benefator of the church and founded the nunnery at Lincluden and gifted various churches to Holyrood and Homcultram abbeys.(1) He also granted some land in Troqueer to the hospital of St. Peter of York c.1160.(2)

Uchtred remained a peaceful subject until 1174 when he and his followers when with King William on his march into England. The capture of King William tempted Uchtred and Gilbert to make a break for independence. Upon their return home they expelled the King's officers from their territories and slew all foreigners without mercy, seized all the royal castles and then petitioned the King of England that he would 'take them from the authority of the King of Scots, and govern them himself'. But the brothers quarrelled and Gilbert and his son Malcolm attacked Uchtred on 22 Sept. 1174 where he was mutilated, blinded, castrated and murdered at his house on Loch Fergus.(3)

Issue-

·  I. Lochlan- d.c.1164

·  3II. ROLAND- m. EVA MORVILLE

·  III. son- killed 30 Sept. 1185 in a battle with Gillecolm Mareschal

·  IV. Fergus-

Ref:

(1) Reg. Epis. Glasguensis- 15; Reg. Prior Saint Andree- 198; Reg. de Calchou
(2) Cal. Doc. Scot.- II, 1606; Reg. of Wetherall- No. 94
(3) Hoveden- II, 63

"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
The Scots Peerage- Vol. IV, pp 136-8

3II. ROLAND (FERGUS 1, UCHTRED 2)

m. EVA MORVILLE (d. 11 June 1217)
d. 19 Dec. 1200 Northampton
bur. Abbey of St. Andrew, Northampton

Roland or Lochlann appears in the charter of Annandale granted by King William the Lion with his father and uncle c.1166.(1) He was at court in 1180 when he was one of the judges who decided a dispute between the monks of Melrose and Richard Morville, his father-in-law.

He obviously resented his father's murder, but appears to have bided his time until after his uncle's death when he rapidly collected a large force and swept over Galloway devastating the territory, killing the richer and more powerful residents, and seizing their lands where he built forts. He also did good service to King William by attacking and cutting short the careers of more than one marauder. Henry II, however, was not pleased and marched with a large force to Carlisle while Roland prepared for invasion by fortifying his estates. War was avoided and Roland was persuaded to meet the two Kings at Carlisle. As terms of the treaty Roland gave his three sons as hostages for his good behaviour while King William assigned that part of Galloway called Carrick to Roland's counsin Duncan, Gilbert's son, which he accepted renouncing all claims to any rights his father had in Galloway proper.(2)

In 1187 Roland lead a force against the northern freebooter Donald MacWilliam, alias Donald Bane and defeated him at the Battle of Mam Garvia. He also presided in a court at Lanark, where the judges of Galloway decided in favor of the King's right to enforce payment in that territory.(3) He is named as Justiciar and also as Constable between 1189 and 1198.(4) Roland founded the Abbey of Glenluce in 1190.

Glenluce Abbey from Francis Grose's The Antiquities of Scotland 1797

Roland accompanied the King to Lincoln where on 22 Nov. 1200 King William the Lion swore fealty to King John for his English fiefs. After the ceremony Roland went to Northampton to inquire into his wife's property and died there 19 Dec. and was buried in the Abbey of St. Andrew there.

By his marriage to Eva he became Lord High Constable of Scotland and Lord of Cunningham for which he paid a duty of 700 marks to King William the Lion.

Issue-

·  4I. ALAN- m.1. _____ de Lacy, 2. MARGARET, daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon, 3. ?, d. 1234

·  II. Thomas- m. Isabella, Countess of Athol

·  III. son- probably d.s.p.

·  IV. Ada- m. 1233 to Walter Bisset of Aboyne

Ref:

(1) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, No. 105
(2) Benedictus Abbas- I, 339, 347, 349
(3) Acta Parl. Scot.- I, 378
(4) Ibid- I, 95; Liber de Melros- I, 18; Reg. de Soltre- 7
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
The Lordship of Galloway- Richard Oram, Edinburgh, 2000
The Scots Peerage- Vol. IV, p.138-9

4I. ALAN (FERGUS 1, UCHTRED 2, ROLAND 3)

m.1. ?d. of Reginald, Lord of the Isles 2. 1209 MARGARET, daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon (See CRINAN)
3. 1228 Rohese de Lacy, d. of Hugh de Lacy (d.s.p.)

d. 1234
bur. Abbey of Dundrennan

Alan is first named in 1196 in connection with lands at Teinford, Northampton which he apparently held independently of his father.(1) After his father's death he appears constantly as a witness in the royal charters. He and his mother had in 1212 an action relating to Whissendine and Bosegate in Northamptonshire, as to whether Richard de Morville was seised in 1174 and whether he was dispossessed in consequence of the war in that year. The latest act of Alan's father was to offer 500 merks to obtain an assize to settle the question, but it was only determined on 29 Apr. 1212 when a jury found that Richard was so seised and then dis-seised. Later Alan and his mother were called to pay into the treasury.(2) In right of his mother Alan inherited the Lordship of Lauderdale. In the lordship of Melrose are the lands of Threepwood which were granted by Alan, Constable of Scotland, to the monks of Melrose between 1177 and 1204.(7)

In July 1212 partly as kinsman, and also as a Scottish baron holding large fiefs in England, Alan was asked by King John for the invasion of Ireland. The King asked if he would send as soon as possible to Chester 1,000 of his best and most active Galwegians before Sunday 19 Aug. For this King John granted him in 1213 a large number of fiefs in Ireland, which were assigned to him or his agents by John, Bishop of Norwich, in a formal assembly at Carrickfergus. To these were added the rights of forest and privileges of fairs and markets. The grants were repeated and confirmed again on 27 June 1215. This was a few days after granting at Runnymede of the Magna Carta, Alan of Galloway being named among those present as one of the great barons of England. It's not known what part Alan played in the war which followed or whether he sided with the English barons who opposed King John or with the King of Scots, but the destruction of the monastery of Homcoltram is assigned to the ravages of the Galwegians who followed Alexander II in his invasion of England.(3) Alan seems to have maintained an ambiguous relationship with both England and Scotland and acted as an independant king when he could or as a vassal when it suited his purposes. His considerable navy let him supply fleets and armies to aid King John on his campaigns in France as well as Ireland.

Carlisle Castle

Soon after his accession to the throne, Henry III summoned King Alexander and Alan of Galloway to deliver up the Castle of Carlisle and in the beginning of 1219 Alan had a safe-conduct to do homage for his lands in England which had been taken into King Henry's hands. Alan was at York on 15 June 1220 and swore to observe King Alexander's oath that he would marry Joanna, the eldest sister of King Henry and in obedience to a letter from Henry he made his own personal homage at the same time.(4) The following day his lands were restored to him, including his Irish estates. Later he was in active service with his galleys cruising off the coast of Ireland in opposition to Hugh de Lacy who was in rebellion. Lacy submitted to King Henry in 1224 and in the following year Alan was permitted to lease his lands in Ireland and place tenants on them. In 1228 Alan invaded the Isle of Man and fought a naval battle with Norway in support of Reginald, Prince of Man who was at war with his brother Olaf, for possession of the island. In Oct. 1229 he was summoned to go abroad with King Henry. He had a permit in 1232 to send a ship to Ireland to buy victuals.(5)

Alan's Lordship was divided among his three daughters. However, the Galwegians objected to the partition of Alan's dominions among the three daughters and petitioned the King to make Thomas, though illegitimate, their overlord, as being more in accordance with their laws. King Alexander II refused to do this and an insurrection took place but was soon suppressed. Thomas fled to Ireland and returned with an army recruited there to try and renew the contest but was persuaded to submit to the King of Scots. He was imprisoned for a time and then released. Later, this son Thomas was kept in retirement or captivity, perhaps by the Baliols, and survived to great age. In 1296 he was moved from one custody to another by order of Edward I who in his name issued a declaration that he had granted to the Galwegians all their liberties and customs as these were held in the time of David I and of the late Alan of Galloway.(6)

Issue- first two children by his first wife, next three by Margaret

·  I. Elena- m. Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, Lord of Cunningham, Constable of Scotland (d. 25 Apr. 1264)

·  II. ______- d. before 13 June 1213 as a hostage to the King of England

·  5III. DEVORGILLA- m. 1233 JOHN De BALIOL(d. 1269), d. 28 Jan. 1289/90, bur. Sweetheart Abbey, Galloway

·  III. Christina- m. 1236 William de Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, d.s.p. 1245

·  IV. Thomas- d.s.p.

·  V. Thomas- m. d. of the King of Man, d.c.1296

Ref:

(1) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, Nos. 236, 243
(2) Ibid- Nos. 294, 513, 560
(3) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, Nos. 529, 533, 573, 583, 625; Chron. de Mailros- 123
(4) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, Nos. 673, 718, 762
(5) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I. Nos. 763, 764, 890, 905, 1050, 1148
(6) Ibid- II, Nos. 728, 729
(7) The Records of the Regality of Melrose- Charles Romanes, Scottish Historical Society, Edinburgh, 1917- Vol. III, p. xli

"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
The Scots Peerage- Vol. IV, pp.139-42

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