Fifty-fourth Generation 
16870305524352000. Dingad Ap Tudwal,1034 son of Tudwal Ap Ednyfed and Unknown, was born about 437 in North Wales.1034
Dingad married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152762176000 i. Senyllt "Hael" Ap Dingad (born about 462 in North Wales)
16870305524355072. Gwrtheyrn "Gwrtheneu" (Vortigern) Ap Gwidol,1034 son of Gwidol Ap Gwidolin and Unknown, was born about 355 in Wales.1034
Gwrtheyrn married Severa Ferch Macsen.1034 Severa was born about 357 in Wales.1034
Children from this marriage were:
8435152762177536 i. Cateyrn Ap Gwrtheyrn (born about 379 in Wales)
ii. Pasgen Ap Gwrtheyrn was born about 385 in Buellt Ctf, Breconshire, Wales.1034
iii. Brydw Ap Gwrtheyrn was born about 387 in Wales.1034
16870305524355073. Severa Ferch Macsen,1034 daughter of Macsen "Wledig" (Maximus) Emperor and Ceindrech verch Rheiden ROMAN EMPIRE, was born about 357 in Wales.1034
Severa married Gwrtheyrn "Gwrtheneu" (Vortigern) Ap Gwidol.1034 Gwrtheyrn was born about 355 in Wales.1034
16870305524355090. Gadeon Ap Eudaf,1034 son of Eudaf "Hen" and Unknown, was born about 322 in North Britain.1034
Gadeon married.
16870305524359168. Cunedda "Wledig" Ap Edern,1034 son of Edern Ap Padarn and Unknown, was born about 370 in Votadini, North Britain.1034
Cunedda married Gwawl Ferch Coel.1034 Gwawl was born about 387 in Pennines, Britain.1034
16870305524359169. Gwawl Ferch Coel,1034 daughter of Unknown and Ystradwel Ferch Gadeon, was born about 387 in Pennines, Britain.1034
Gwawl married Cunedda "Wledig" Ap Edern.1034 Cunedda was born about 370 in Votadini, North Britain.1034
16870305524359170. Tidlet (Tithlym "Prydyn") 1034 was born about 395 in Powys, Wales.1034
Tidlet married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152762179585 i. Prawst Ferch Tidlet (born about 425 in Powys, Wales)
16870305524359172. Dylan "Draws" 1034 was born about 393 in Nanconwy Cmt, Caernarvonshire, Wales.1034
Dylan married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152762179586 i. Maeldaf Ap Dylan (born about 423 in Nanconwy Cmt, Caernarvonshire, Wales)
16870305524359174. Tallwch Ap Cwch,1034 son of Cwch Ap Cychwein and Unknown, was born about 395 in North Wales.1034
Tallwch married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152762179587 i. Ferch Tallwch (born about 425 in North Wales)
16870305524367360. Padarn "Beisrudd" Ap Tegid,1034 son of Tegid and Unknown, was born about 300 in Votadini, North Britain.1034
Padarn married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152762183680 i. Edern Ap Padarn (born about 330 in Votadini, North Britain)
16870305524424704. Aergul "Lawhir" Ap Tryffin,1034 son of Tryffin "Farfog" Ap Owain and Gwledyr Ferch Clydwyn, was born about 468 in Dyfed, Wales.1034
Aergul married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152762212352 i. Gwerthefyr (Voteporix) Ap Aergul (born about 494 in Dyfed, Wales - died after 540)
16870305524424768. Brychan Ap Anlach,1034 son of Anlach Ap Coronac and Marchell Ferch Tewdrig, was born about 400 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.1034
Brychan married Banhadlwedd Ferch Banadl.1034 Banhadlwedd was born about 404 in Powys, Wales.1034
Brychan next married.
Brychan next married Prawst Ferch Tudwal.1034 Prawst was born about 400 in Wales.1034
16870305524424769. Prawst Ferch Tudwal,1034 daughter of Tudwal Ap Gwrfawr and Gratian Ferch Macsen, was born about 400 in Wales.1034
Prawst married Brychan Ap Anlach.1034 Brychan was born about 400 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.1034
16870305527529472. Pill Ap Cynyr,1034 son of Cynyr Ap Meilir and Unknown, was born about 544 in North Wales.1034
Pill married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152763764736 i. Bran Ap Pill (born about 584 in North Wales)
16870305528037376. Llywarch (Teithfall) Ap Nynnio,1034 son of Nynnio Ap Erb and Unknown, was born about 458 in South Wales.1034
Llywarch married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152764018688 i. Tewdrig Ap Llywarch (born about 488 in South Wales)
16870305528037378. Cynfarch "Oer" Ap Meirchion,1034 son of Meirchion "Gul" Ap Gwrwst and Unknown, was born about 459 in South Reged, Britain.1034
Cynfarch married Nyfain Ferch Brychan.1034 Nyfain was born about 460 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.1034
The child from this marriage was:
8435152764018689 i. Enynny Ferch Cynfarch (born about 493 in South Reged, Britain)
16870305528037379. Nyfain Ferch Brychan,1034 daughter of Brychan Ap Anlach and Unknown, was born about 460 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.1034
Nyfain married Cynfarch "Oer" Ap Meirchion.1034 Cynfarch was born about 459 in South Reged, Britain.1034
16870305528037384. Tewdwr Ap Peibio,1034 son of Peibio "Glafrog" Ap Erb and Ferch Custennin, was born about 464 in Ergyng, Herefordshire, England.1034
Tewdwr married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152764018692 i. Llywarch Ap Tewdwr (born about 495 in Ergyng, Herefordshire, England)
16870305528037888. Briacat Ap Pasgen,1034 son of Pasgen Ap Gwrtheyrn and Unknown, was born about 428 in Buellt Ctf, Breconshire, Wales.1034
Briacat married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152764018944 i. Mepurit Ap Briacat (born about 468 in Buellt Ctf, Breconshire, Wales)
16870305528049664. Cenelaph "Dremrudd" Ap Cynan,1034 son of Cynan Ap Casanauth and Unknown, was born about 488 in Powys, Wales.1034
Cenelaph married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152764024832 i. Rhun Ap Cenelaph (born about 518 in Powys, Wales)
16870305536220170. Valerius Messala Barbatus ROMAN EMPIRE .
Valerius married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152768110085 i. Valeria Messalina ROMAN EMPIRE (born in 23 in Lyons, France - died in 48 in Executed)
16870305536220214. Arrius Antoninus Calpernius Piso ROMAN EMPIRE, son of Gaius Calpernius Piso ROMAN EMPIRE and Mariamne Caecin Arria ROMAN EMPIRE.
Arrius married Boionia Procilla Sevilla ROMAN EMPIRE.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152768110107 i. Pompeia Plotina Claudia Piso ROMAN EMPIRE (born before 90)
16870305536220215. Boionia Procilla Sevilla ROMAN EMPIRE .
Boionia married Arrius Antoninus Calpernius Piso ROMAN EMPIRE.
16870305536220224. King Lud BRITAIN,1601,1746 son of Druid Beli Mawr "The Great" BRITAIN and Unknown, was born in , , , Great Britain and died in , , , Great Britain.
Lud married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152768110112 i. King Tenuantius "Gentle Ruler" BRITAIN (born in , , , Great Britain - died in 26 BC, , , Great Britain)
16870305536220232. Tiberius Claudius Nero ROMAN EMPIRE,1601,1746 son of Appius Claudius Nero ROMAN EMPIRE and Unknown, was born in Lugdunum, Roma, , Lazio, Italy.
Tiberius married Livia Drucilla Julia Augusta ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in <B.C. 38, Palace Augustus, Roma, Italy>. Livia was born in 58 B.C. in Rome, Roma, , Lazio, Italy and died in 29 in Rome, Roma, , Lazio, Italy at age 87.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152768110116 i. Emperor Caius Drusus Nero ROMAN EMPIRE (born in 42 B.C. in Palace Augustus, Roma, Italy - died on 16 March 37 in Roma, Italy)
16870305536220233. Livia Drucilla Julia Augusta ROMAN EMPIRE,1601,1746 daughter of Marcus Livius Drusus Claudius ROMAN EMPIRE and Unknown, was born in 58 B.C. in Rome, Roma, , Lazio, Italy and died in 29 in Rome, Roma, , Lazio, Italy at age 87.
General Notes:
Livia Drusilla was originally married to Tiberius Claudius Nero until the Emperor Augustus forced him to divorce her to become his own wife. Political marriages of this type were common during the Republic and early empire. Livia was a member of the powerful Claudian family and the new emperor needed her wealth and influence to establish his position. Livia had two sons from her previous marriage, Nero Claudius Drusus and Tiberius Claudius Nero, who later became Emperor Tiberius. Drusus was a popular military figure but was killed by a fall from his horse while on maneuvers in the Summer of A.D. 9.
Livia was an intelligent and efficient administrative helper to her new husband who had his hands full consolidating his power while maintaining the appearance of not doing so at all costs. In spite of the political nature of their marriage, Augustus and Livia loved each other deeply. With his dying words, the emperor asked his wife of fifty-two years to remember their life together. The imperial couple had had no children together and Augustus' elder stepson, Tiberius, was the one to inherit the throne after the death of Augustus.
Livia continued to exert her influence over her son Tiberius until her death in A. D. 29 at the age of 85 years. It was probably because of her political acumen and ability to watch out for her son t hat the problems with the praetorian prefect Sejanus did not occur until two years before her death.
Livia married Tiberius Claudius Nero ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in <B.C. 38, Palace Augustus, Roma, Italy>. Tiberius was born in Lugdunum, Roma, , Lazio, Italy.
Livia next married Augustus Gaius Julius Octavius ROMAN EMPIRE Emperor,1601 son of Senator-Praetor & Governor of Macedonia Caius Octavius IV ROMAN EMPIRE and Atia Balbus ROMAN EMPIRE. Gaius was born on 23 September 63 B.C. in Roma, , Italy and died 19 August 14 in Nola, Abadia A Isola, , , Italy. Other names for Gaius were Gaius Julius Caesar ROMAN EMPIRE, Gaius Octavius ROMAN EMPIRE, and Octavius ROMAN EMPIRE.
The child from this marriage was:
i. Julia "The Older" ROMAN EMPIRE.
16870305536220234. Ruler Of Rome Mark Anthony III ROMAN EMPIRE,1746 son of Marcus Antonius II "Creticus" Praetor ROMAN EMPIRE and Julia Caesonia ROMAN EMPIRE, was born in 83 B.C. in Rome, Italy, died in 30 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt at age 53, and was buried in , , Rome, Italy. The cause of his death was Suicide.
General Notes:
Early life
Antonius was born in Rome around 83 BC. His father was his namesake, Marcus Antonius Creticus, the son of the great rhetorician Marcus Antonius Orator executed by Gaius Marius' supporters in 86 BC. Through his mother Julia Caesaris, he was a distant cousin and relative of Julius Caesar. His father died at a young age, leaving him and his brothers, Lucius and Gaius, to the care of his mother. Julia Antonia (known in sources by her married name, to distinguish from the other Julias) then married Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura, a politician involved in and executed during the Catiline of 63 BC.
Antonius' early life was characterized by a lack of parental guidance. According to historians like Plutarch, he spent his teenage years roaming through Rome with his brothers and friends (Publius Clodius Pulcher among them). Together, they embarked on a rather wild sort of life, frequenting gambling houses, drinking too much, and involving themselves in scandalous love affairs. Plutarch mentions the rumour that before Antonius reached 20 years of age, he was already indebted the sum of 250 talents (equivalent to several million euros).
After this period of recklessness, Antonius went to Greece to study rhetoric. During this visit, he joined the cavalry in the Roman legions of the proconsul Aulus Gabinius en route to Syria. In this campaign, he demonstrated his talents as a cavalry commander and distinguished himself with bravery and courage. It was during this campaign that he first visited Egypt and Alexandria.
Supporter of Caesar
In 54 BC, Antonius became a member of the staff of Julius Caesar's armies in Gaul. He again proved to be a competent military leader in the Gallic wars, but his personality caused instability wherever he went. Caesar himself was said to be frequently irritated by his behaviour.
Nevertheless, Antonius became a wholehearted Julius Caesar supporter, and he dedicated his year as tribune of the plebians in 50 BC to his cause. Caesar's two proconsular commands, during a period of 10 years, were expiring, and the general wanted to return to Rome for the consular elections. But resistance from the conservative faction of the Roman senate, led by Pompey, demanded that Caesar resign his proconsulship and the command of his armies before he be allowed to seek re-election to the consulship. This he could not do, as such an act would leave him a private citizen--and therefore open to prosecution for his acts while proconsul--in the interim between his proconsulship and his second consulship; it would also leave him at the mercy of Pompey's armies. Antonius proposed that both generals lay down their commands. The idea was rejected, and Antonius resorted to violence, ending up expelled from the senate. He travelled in full to meet Caesar, then stationed in northern Italy. With all hopes of a peaceful solution for the conflict with Pompey gone, Caesar crossed the Rubicon, starting the last Republican civil war. During the civil war, Antonius was Caesar's second in command. In all battles against the Pompeians, Antonius led the left wing of the army, a proof of Caesar's confidence in him.
When Caesar became dictator, Antonius was made master of the horse—the second most important political office—and in this condition he remained in Italy in 47 BC, while Caesar was fighting the last Pompeians, hidden in the African provinces. But Antonius' skills as administrator were a poor match to his military ones. Conflict soon arrived, and, as on other occasions, Antonius used violence. Hundreds of citizens were killed and Rome herself was in a state of war. Caesar was most displeased with the whole affair and removed all political responsibilities from Antonius. He was also removed from Caesar's presence for two years. Reconciliation arrived in 44 BC, when Antonius was chosen as partner of Caesar's fifth consulship.
Whatever conflicts existed between the two men, Antonius remained faithful to Caesar at all times. In February of that fateful year, during the Lupercalia festival, Antonius publicly offered Caesar a diadem. This was an event fraught with meaning: a diadem was a symbol of a king, and in refusing it, Caesar demonstrated that he did not intend to abolish the Republic.
On March 15, 44 BC (the Ides of March), Julius Caesar was assassinated by a group of senators, led by Cassius and Marcus Junius Brutus. In the turmoil that surrounded the event, Antonius escaped Rome dressed as a slave, fearing that the dictator's assassination would be the start of a bloodbath among his supporters. That did not occur, and Antonius soon returned to Rome, discussing a truce with the assassins' faction. For a while, Antonius, as consul of the year, seemed to pursue peace and the end of the political tension. Following a speech by Marcus Tullius Cicero in the senate, an amnesty was agreed for the assassins. Then came the day of Caesar's funeral. As Caesar's eternal second in command, partner in consulship and cousin, Antonius was the natural choice to make the funeral eulogy. In his speech, he sprang his accusations of murder and sealed the fates of the conspirators. Showing a talent for rhetoric and dramatic interpretation, Antonius snatched the toga from Caesar's body to show the crowd the scars of the stabs. That night, the Roman populace attacked the assassins' houses, forcing them to flee for their lives.
The second triumvirate
The death of Caesar had left an open space in Rome's politics. The Republic was dying, and yet another civil war was starting. It was then that Octavianus, Caesar's great nephew and adopted son, emerged on the political scene. As heir of Caesar's name and estate, he had great political potential due to the esteem of the population and the loyalty of the legions. He was also very willing to fight for power with the other two main contestants: Antonius himself and Lepidus. After a few months of difficult negotiations, the three men agreed to share the power as the second triumvirate. The Triumvirs for the Organization of the People gained official recognition by the Lex Titia, a law passed by the Assembly in 43 BC, which granted them virtually all powers for a period of five years. To solidify the alliance, Octavianus married Clodia, Antonius' step-daughter. The triumvirs then set to pursue the assassins' faction, who had fled to the East, and to murder the conspirators' supporters who remained in Rome. Cicero was the most famous victim of these violent days; knowing that Antonius had a grudge against him, the writer committed suicide before they could kill him. (Livy, however, writes that he merely refused to resist the executioners.) Antonius and his wife Fulvia did not spare the body: Cicero's head and hands were posted in the rostra, with his tongue pierced by Fulvia's golden hairpins. After the twin battles at Philippi and the suicides of Brutus and Cassius, no one else would defy the triumvirate's power.
With the political and military situations dealt with, the triumvirs divided the Roman world among themselves. Lepidus took control of the western provinces, and Octavianus remained in Italy with the responsibility of securing lands for the veteran soldiers—an important task, since the loyalty of the legions depended heavily on this promise. As for Antonius, he went to the Eastern provinces, to pacify yet another rebellion in Judaea and attempt to conquer the Parthian Empire. During this trip, he met Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt in Tarsus, in 41 BC, and became her lover.
Meanwhile, in Italy, the situation was not pacified. Octavianus' administration was not appeasing, and a revolt was about to occur. Moreover, he divorced Clodia, giving a curious explanation: she was annoying. The leader of this revolt was Fulvia, the wife of Antonius, a woman known to history for her political ambition and tempestuous character. She feared for her husband's political position and was not keen to see her daughter put aside. Assisted by Lucius Antonius, her brother-in-law, Fulvia raised eight legions with her own money. Her army invaded Rome, and for a while managed to create problems for Octavianus. However, in the winter of 41–40 BC, Fulvia was besieged in Perusia and forced to surrender by starvation. Fulvia was exiled to Sicyon, where she died while waiting for Antonius' arrival.
Fulvia's death was providential. A truce with Octavianus was negotiated and reinforced by Antonius' marriage to Octavia, Octavianus' beloved half-sister. This peace, known as the Treaty of Brundisium, reinforced the triumvirate and allowed Antonius to finally prepare his long awaited campaign against the Parthians.
Antonius and Cleopatra
With this military purpose on his mind, Antonius sailed to Greece with his new wife. But the rebellion in Sicily of Sextus Pompeius, the last of the Pompeians, kept the army promised to Antonius in Italy. With his plans again severed, Antonius and Octavianus quarreled again. This time with the help of Octavia, a new treaty was signed in Tarentum in 38 BC. The triumvirate was renewed for a period of another five years (ending in 33 BC) and Octavianus promised again to send legions to the East.
But by now, Antonius was skeptical of Octavianus' true support of his Parthian cause. Leaving Octavia pregnant of her second Antonia in Rome, he sailed to Alexandria, where he expected funding from Cleopatra, the mother of his twins. The queen of Egypt loaned him the money he needed for the army, but the campaign proved a disaster. After a series of defeats in battle, Antonius lost most of his Egyptian army during a retreat through Armenia in the peak of winter.
Meanwhile in Rome, the triumvirate was no more. Lepidus was forced to resign after an ill-judged political move. Now in sole power, Octavianus was occupied in wooing the traditional Republican aristocracy to his side. He married Livia and started to attack Antonius in order to raise himself to power. He argued that Antonius was a man of low morals to have left his faithful wife abandoned in Rome with the children to be with the promiscuous queen of Egypt. Antonius was accused of everything, but most of all, of "becoming native", an unforgivable crime to the proud Romans. Several times Antonius was summoned to Rome, but remained in Alexandria with Cleopatra and her funds.
Again with Egyptian money, Antonius invaded Armenia, this time successfully. In the return, a mock Roman triumph was celebrated in the streets of Alexandria. The parade through the city was a pastiche of Rome's most important military celebration. For the finale, the whole city was summoned to hear a very important political statement. Surrounded by Cleopatra and her children, Antonius was about to put an end to his alliance with Octavianus. He distributed kingdoms between his children: Alexander Helios was named king of Armenia and Parthia (not conquered yet), his twin Cleopatra Selene got Cyrenaica and Libya, and the young Ptolemy Philadelphus was awarded with Syria and Cilicia. As for Cleopatra, she was proclaimed Queen of Kings and Queen of Egypt, to rule with Caesarion (Ptolemy Caesar, son of Julius Caesar), King of Kings and King of Egypt. Most important of all, Caesarion was declared legitimate son and heir of Julius Caesar. These proclamations were known as the Donations of Alexandria and caused a fatal breach in Antonius' relations with Rome.
Distributing insignificant lands among the children of Cleopatra was not a peace move, but it was not a serious problem either. What did seriously threaten Octavianus' political position, however, was the acknowledgment of Caesarion as legitimate and heir to Julius Caesar's name. Octavianus' base of power was his link with Caesar through adoption, which granted him much-needed popularity and loyalty of the legions. To see this convenient situation attacked by a child sired by the richest woman in the world was something Octavianus could not accept. The triumvirate expired in the last day of 33 BC and was not renewed. Another civil war was beginning.
During 33 and 32 BC, a propaganda war was fought in the political arena of Rome, with accusations flying between sides. Antonius (in Egypt) divorced Octavia and accused Octavianus of being an social upstart, of usurping power, and of forging the adoption papers by Julius Caesar. Octavianus responded with treason charges: of illegally keeping provinces that should be given to other men by lots, as was Rome's tradition, and of starting wars against foreign nations (Armenia and Parthia) without the consent of the senate. Antonius was also held responsible for Sextus Pompeius execution with no trial. In 32 BC, both consuls (Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and Gaius Sosius) and a third of the senate abandoned Rome to meet Antonius and Cleopatra in Greece.
In 31 BC, the war started. Octavianus' loyal and talented general Agrippa captured the Greek city and naval port of Methone, loyal to Antonius. The enormous popularity of Octavianus with the legions secured the defection of the provinces of Cyrenaica and Greece to his side. On September 2, the naval battle of Actium took place. Antonius and Cleopatra's navy was destroyed, and they were forced to escape to Egypt.
Octavianus, now close to absolute power, did not intend to give them rest. In August 30 BC, assisted by Agrippa, he invaded Egypt. With no other refuge to escape to, Antonius committed suicide. A few days later, Cleopatra herself followed his example. 3470
Medical Notes:
In 32 B.C., Octavian and Antony went to war. Cleopatra spread a report that she had committed suicide. Antony heard the report and stabbed himself out of grief. Before he died, Antony learned that Cleopatra was alive. His followers carried him to Cleopatra, and he died in her arms.
Mark Anthony III was justly famous for military successes and for stabilizing the Roman Republic after the murder, in B.C. 44, of Julius Ceasar the dictator.
Mark married Pharaoh Of Ancient Egypt Cleopatra VII Philopator EGYPT 1601 in Alexandria, Egypt. Cleopatra was born in December 70 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt, died 12 August 30 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt, and was buried in Alexandria, Egypt. The cause of her death was Suicide.
Children from this marriage were:
i. Alexander Helious of EGYPT was born in 40 B.C. 3470 and died in 30 B.C. 3470 at age 10.
ii. Cleopatra Selene of EGYPT was born in 40 B.C. in Egypt 3470 and died in 6 3470 at age 46. Another name for Cleopatra was Cleopatra VIII of EGYPT.3470
iii. Ptolemy Philadelphus of EGYPY was born in 36 B.C. in Egypt 3470 and died in 12 B.C. 3470 at age 24.
Mark next married Fadia ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in <, , Rome, Italy>. Fadia was born in <, , Rome, Italy> and died in Y.
Mark next married Antonia Hybrida ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in <, , Rome, Italy>. Antonia was born in Rome, Italy.
Mark next married Fulvia ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in <, , Rome, Italy>. Fulvia was born in <, , Rome, Italy> and died in Y.
Mark next married Octavia Thurina Minor ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in Rome, , Lazio, Italy. Octavia was born in 69 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy and died in 11 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy at age 58.
Children from this marriage were:
i. Augusta Antonia "The Elder" ROMAN EMPIRE was born before 30 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy.
8435152768110117 ii. Augusta Antonia "The Younger" ROMAN EMPIRE (born in 35 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy - died in 37)
16870305536220235. Octavia Thurina Minor ROMAN EMPIRE,1601,1746 daughter of Senator-Praetor & Governor of Macedonia Caius Octavius IV ROMAN EMPIRE and Atia Balbus ROMAN EMPIRE, was born in 69 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy and died in 11 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy at age 58.
General Notes:
Octavia Thurina Minor: ( 69 - 11 BC.) The daughter of her father's second marriage to Atia Balbus Minor, the niece of the Roman Dictator Julius Caesar and full blood sister of Caesar Augustus. She was born in Nola, Italy.
Octavia Minor is one of the most prominent women in Roman history. She was respected and admired for the loyalty, nobility, humanity and maintaining her traditional feminine Roman virtues. This beautiful and remarkable woman lived at a time, where many succumbed to treachery and intrigue.
Much of her childhood, she spent travelling with her parents. Before 54 BC, her step-father, arranged for her to marry Gaius Claudius Marcellus. Marcellus was a man of consular rank, a member of the influential Claudian family and was a man worthy of her.
They had three children: Claudia Marcella Major, Claudia Marcella Minor and Marcus Claudius Marcellus. All three were born in Italy. Marcellus died in May 40 BC.
By a Senatorial decree, Octavia married Mark Antony, in a political alliance, in October 40 BC. Between 40-36 BC, Octavia lived with him in his Athenian mansion. She raised her children by Marcellus; Antony's two sons and their two daughters: Julia Antonia Major and Julia Antonia Minor, who were born there. She had travelled with him to various provinces.
After 36 BC, Octavia returned to Rome with the children. On several occassions she acted as a political adviser and negotiator between her husband and brother.
Despite Antony's rejection, divorce in 32 BC and suicide in 30 BC, Octavia was the sole caretaker of the children. She became guardian to Cleopatra Selene, Ptolemy Philadelphus and Iullus Antonius, her ex-husband's remaining children. Octavia never remarried.
Augustus had adopted her son Marcus as his heir, but died of illness in 23 BC. She never recovered from his death and retired from public life. Her final years were spent hiding in the dark and dressing in mourning.
She had woven clothes for her brother. Augustus built two monuments for his public works program, the Colonnades of Octavia and the Paragon of Virtue in her honor. She was one of the first Roman women to have coins minted in her honor.
She died in 11 BC, sometime after her niece Julia Caesaris married Tiberius. Her beloved brother gave her the highest posthumous honours, built the Gate of Octavia in her memory, declared her as a goddess and built temples for her. 3470
Octavia married Claudius Marcellus ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in October 40 B.C. in Rome, Italy.3470 Claudius was born in Rome, Italy.
Octavia next married Ruler Of Rome Mark Anthony III ROMAN EMPIRE in Rome, , Lazio, Italy. Mark was born in 83 B.C. in Rome, Italy, died in 30 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt at age 53, and was buried in , , Rome, Italy. The cause of his death was Suicide.
16870305536220236. Emperor Caius Drusus Nero ROMAN EMPIRE,1601,1746,3472 son of Tiberius Claudius Nero ROMAN EMPIRE and Livia Drucilla Julia Augusta ROMAN EMPIRE, was born in 42 B.C. in Palace Augustus, Roma, Italy 3472 and died on 16 March 37 in Roma, Italy 3472 at age 79.
General Notes:
Tiberius was born in 42 BC, the son of the aristocratic Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. When Tiberius was two, his father had to flee Rome from the second triumvirate (Octavian, Lepidus, Mark Antony) because of his republican beliefs (he had fought against Octavian in the civil wars).
When Tiberius was four his parents parents divorced and his mother instead married Octavian, the later Augustus.
Though Tiberius, a large, strong man, had been groomed by Augustus as his successor, he was actually the fourth choice after Agrippa, husband of Augustus' only daughter Julia, and their sons, Gaius and Lucius, all three of whom died in the lifetime of Augustus.
Thus, being obviously a second-rate choice as heir to the throne, Tiberius was laden with a feeling of inferiority.
He enjoyed good health, though his skin sometimes suffered from 'skin eruptions' - most likely rashes of some sort. Also he had a great fear of thunder. He profoundly disliked gladiatorial games and made no attempt in pretending to do so, in order to win popularity with the ordinary people of Rome.
In 25 BC he already held his first post as an officer in Cantabria. By 20 BC he accompanied Augustus to the east to reclaim the standards lost to the Parthians by Crassus thirty-three years earlier.
In 16 BC he was appointed governor of Gaul and by 13 BC he held his first consulship.
Then, after the death of Agrippa in 12 BC, Augustus forced a reluctant Tiberius to divorce his wife Vipsania, in order to marry, Julia, Augustus' own daughter and widow of Agrippa.
Then, from 9 BC to 7 BC, Tiberius fought in Germany.
In 6 BC Tiberius was granted tribunician power but he very soon retired to Rhodes, as Augustus was grooming his grandsons Gaius and Lucius to become his heirs. Alas, by 2 BC the unhappy marriage to Julia had broken down completely and she was exiled, supposedly for adultery but very likely due the deep dislike Tiberius felt for her.
Then, with the death of the two apparent heirs Gaius and Lucius, Augustus called Tiberius out of retirement, reluctantly recognizing him as his successor. In AD 4 Augustus adopted him, adding the words 'This I do for reasons of state.' If these words proved anything, then it was, that Augustus was as reluctant to make Tiberius his successor as Tiberius appeared to be reluctant to become it. In any case, Tiberius was granted tribunician powers for ten years and was handed command of the Rhine frontier.
As part of the deal though Tiberius was required to adopt his own eighteen year old nephew Germanicus as heir and successor.
So, from AD 4 to 6 Tiberius again campaigned in Germany. The follwing three years he spent putting down rebellions in Pannonia and Illyricum. After this he restored the Rhine frontier after Rome's defeat at the Varian disaster.
In AD 13 Tiberius' constitutional powers were renewed on equal terms with those of Augustus, making his succession inevitable, as the elderly Augustus died in AD 14.
Tiberius was summoned back not by the senate but by his elderly mother, Livia, widow of Augustus.
Now approaching or in her her seventies, Livia was a matriarch and she wanted to share in ruling the country, too. Tiberius though would have none of it, but in order to secure his position he had Agrippa Postumus, the exiled, last surviving grandson of Augustus, murdered, though some said it was organized by Livia without his knowledge.
At the very beginning of his reign, the powerful Danube and Rhine legions mutinied, because some of Augustus promises regarding their terms of service and benefits were not met. Also they had sworn allegiance neither to the state, nor to Tiberius, but to Augustus. Though, after initial difficulties, these disturbances were eventually quelled.
What followed were several years of intrigue at court, as candidates to succeed Tiberius (and their wives, daughters, friends, etc) manoeuvered for position. Tiberius had probably no part in any of this. But sensing it happening around him unsettled him and only further contributed to his indecision in matters of government.
Germanicus then tried to bring back the German territories lost with the Varian disaster with three successive military campaigns, but failed in achieving this. In AD 19 Germanicus died in Antioch, where he by then held a high command in the east. Some rumours state that Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, governor of Syria and confidant of Tiberius, had poisoned him. Piso was tried for murder and ordered to commit suicide, but the suspicion remained that he had been acting for the emperor.
The death of Germanicus would have left the way open for Tiberius' own son Drusus to succeed as emperor, but by AD 23 he too was dead, possibly poisoned by his wife Livilla.
The two apparent heirs were now the sons of Germanicus; seventeen year-old Nero Caesar and sixteen year-old Drusus Caesar.
Finally in AD 26 Tiberius had had enough. Because he had probably always been happiest when away from the capital and its evelasting intrigue, Rome's emperor simply departed to his holiday mansion on the isle of Capreae (Capri), never to return to the city.
He left the government in the hands of Lucius Aelius Sejanus, the praetorian prefect. Sejanus believed himself a potential successor of the emperor, and was conspiring against Tiberius whilst removing any other possible candidates to the throne.
In one historic move Sejanus had earlier, in AD 23, moved the nine praetorian cohorts from their camps outside the city into one camp within the confines of the city itself, creating a vast power base for himself.
Enjoying near unlimited power in Rome, Sejanus was free to act and moved the two immediate heirs to the throne, Nero Caesar and Drusus Caesar, aside on what were most likely ficticious charges of treason. Nero Caesar was banished to an island, Drusus was imprisoned in the cellar of the imperial palace. It was long and both were dead. Nero Caesar was ordered to commit suicide, Drusus Caesar was starved to death.
This left only one more surviving son of Germanicus as heir to the throne, the young Gaius (Caligula).
Sejanus' power reached its high-point when he held consular office in the same year as Tiberius (AD 31). But then he brought about his own downfall by plotting the elimination of nineteen year-old Gaius.
The key moment was teh arrival of a letter sent to the emperor by his sister-in-law Antonia warning him of Sejanus.
Tiberius might have retired to his island for his dislike of politics and intrigues. But when he saw teh necessity he could still ruthlessly exercise power. Command of the pratorian guard was secretely transferred to one of Tiberius' friends, Naevius Cordus Sertorius Macro, who on 18 October AD 31 had Sejanus arrested during a meeting of the senate. A letter by the emperor to the senate was then read out expressing Tiberius' suspicions. Sejanus was duly executed, his corpse dragged through the streets and thrown into the Tiber. His family and many of his supporters suffered similar fates.
Tiberius then drew up his will, indecisive to the very end, he left Gaius and Gemellus (Tiberius' own grandson) as joint heirs, but is was obvious that it would be by now twenty-four year-old Gaius who would truly succeed him. For one Gemellus was still an infant. But also because Tiberius appeared to suspect that Gemellus was in fact an adulterous child of Sejanus.
There were many rumours suggesting that Tiberius' retirement home on Capri was a palace of never ending sexual excesses, however, other reports state that Tiberius had moved there 'with only a few companions', who consisted mainly of Greek intellectuals whose conversation Tiberius enjoyed.
Tiberius last years were still fraught with morbid mistrust, and an increase of treason trials gave this time a air of terror. It was in early AD 37 that Tiberius fell ill while travelling in Campania. He was taken to his villa in Misenum in order to recover, but died there on 16 March AD 37.
If Tiberius, aged 78, died naturally or was murdered, is uncertain.
He either died of old age or was smoothered on his deathbed with a cushion by Macro on behalf of Caligula.
3472
Caius married Augusta Antonia "The Younger" ROMAN EMPIRE 1601 in Lyons, France. Antonia was born in 35 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy and died in 37 at age 72.
Caius next married Augusta Antonia "The Elder" ROMAN EMPIRE,1601 daughter of Ruler Of Rome Mark Anthony III ROMAN EMPIRE and Octavia Thurina Minor ROMAN EMPIRE. Antonia was born before 30 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy.
16870305536220237. Augusta Antonia "The Younger" ROMAN EMPIRE,1601,1746 daughter of Ruler Of Rome Mark Anthony III ROMAN EMPIRE and Octavia Thurina Minor ROMAN EMPIRE, was born in 35 B.C. in Rome, , Lazio, Italy and died in 37 at age 72.
General Notes:
An excellent woman, the title of Augusta was conferred upon her.
Caligula is reported by Dio Cassius, who wrote two centuries after the event, to have forced his saintly grandmother *Antonia to kill herself
Antonia married Emperor Caius Drusus Nero ROMAN EMPIRE 1601,3472 in Lyons, France. Caius was born in 42 B.C. in Palace Augustus, Roma, Italy 3472 and died on 16 March 37 in Roma, Italy 3472 at age 79.
16870305582680064. Dagobert Duke Of The East FRANKS,1601,1746 son of Duke Walter King Of The FRANKS and Mrs-Walter Queen Of The FRANKS, was born about 230 in Of, , , Germany and died in 317 about age 87.
Dagobert married Mrs-Dagobert Duchess Of The East FRANKS 1601 in 250. Mrs-Dagobert was born about 232 in Of, , , Germany.
Children from this marriage were:
i. CLODOMIR King Of The Franks was born about 251 in , , Germany and died in 337 about age 86.
ii. CLODIUS King Of The Franks was born about 255 in Germany and died in 319 about age 64.
8435152791340032 iii. Genebald Duke Of The East FRANKS (born about 262 in , , , Germany - died in 358)
16870305582680065. Mrs-Dagobert Duchess Of The East FRANKS 1601,1746 was born about 232 in Of, , , Germany.
Mrs-Dagobert married Dagobert Duke Of The East FRANKS 1601 in 250. Dagobert was born about 230 in Of, , , Germany and died in 317 about age 87.
16870305582680128. Clodomir King Of The Franks,1601,1746 son of Dagobert Duke Of The East FRANKS and Mrs-Dagobert Duchess Of The East FRANKS, was born about 251 in , , Germany and died in 337 about age 86.
Clodomir married Mrs. CLODOMIR King Of The Franks about 270 in <, , Germany>. Mrs. was born in <, , Germany> and died in Y.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152791340064 i. King Richimir FRANKS (born about 271 in <, , Germany> - died in 350)
16870305582680129. Mrs. CLODOMIR King Of The Franks 1746 was born in <, , Germany> and died in Y.
Mrs. married CLODOMIR King Of The Franks 1601 about 270 in <, , Germany>. CLODOMIR King Of The Franks was born about 251 in , , Germany and died in 337 about age 86.
16870305582698496. Mar 'Ukball EXILARCH OF ISRAELL,3340 son of Nehemiah 'UKBA and Unknown, was born in 270 in Q and died in 337 at age 67.
Mar married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152791349248 i. Abba Mari EXILARCH OF ISRAELL (born in 300 - died in 370)
16870305582700544. Shapur III SHAH OF PERSIA,3340,3432 son of Shapur II SHAH OF PERSIA and Unknown.
Shapur married.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152791350272 i. Yezdagird I SHAH OF PERSIA
16870305582700546. Abba Mari EXILARCH OF ISRAELL,3340 son of Mar 'Ukball EXILARCH OF ISRAELL and Unknown, was born in 300 and died in 370 at age 70.
16870305583611904. King In Sweden Alrek AGNASSON,1601,1746 son of King In Sweden Agni DAGSSON and Skjalf FROSTADOTTER, was born about 445 in , , , Sweden and died in Y.
Alrek married Dagreid (Dageith) DAGSDOTTER 1601 about 465 in Of, , , Sweden. Dagreid was born about 449 in , , , Sweden and died in Y.
Children from this marriage were:
8435152791805952 i. King In Sweden Yngvi ALREKSSON (born about 466 in , , , Sweden - died in Y)
ii. King In Sweden Alf ALREKSSON was born about 468 in , , , Sweden and died in Y.
iii. Thorborg ALREKSDOTTER was born about 470 in , , , Sweden and died in Y.
16870305583611905. Dagreid (Dageith) DAGSDOTTER,1601,1746 daughter of King Dag "The Powerful" SWEDEN and Mrs-Dag SWEDEN, was born about 449 in , , , Sweden and died in Y.
Dagreid married King In Sweden Alrek AGNASSON 1601 about 465 in Of, , , Sweden. Alrek was born about 445 in , , , Sweden and died in Y.
16870305583611968. King Dan "The Proud" Olafsson DENMARK,1601,1746 son of King Olaf "The Humble" Vermundsson DENMARK and Danpi DENMARK, was born about 412 in , , , Denmark and died in Y.
General Notes:
Whether Dan was Skjold's descendant or ancestor depends on whether one reads Saxo or Snorri. Whatever Dan's family ties, he is alleged to be among the earliest of Denmark's legendary kings. We are told that he conquered many neighboring kingdoms and united them under his rule. It is from him that the country supposedly takes its name: Dan-mark, meaning the march or border of the Danes. Saxo Grammaticus states that from Dan "the pedigrees of our kings flowed in glorious series, like channels from some parent spring."
Dan's wife Grythan, according to the legends, bore him two sons: Humble and Lothar. Although Humble was elected king after his father, the cruel Lothar overcame Humble in war and took away his crown. According to Saxo, Lothar was "soon chastised for his wickedness, for he met his end in an insurrection of his country." Whether or not this legend is founded in fact, it certainly illustrates the all too familiar pattern of brother fighting brother for the crown. [Royal Families of Medieval Scandinavia, Flanders, and Kiev]
Dan married Grytha DENMARK 1601 about 432 in , , , Denmark. Grytha was born about 416 in , , , Denmark and died in Y.
Children from this marriage were:
i. King Lothar DENMARK was born in , , Denmark and died in Y.
8435152791805984 ii. Frodi DANSSON (born about 433 in , , , Denmark - died in Y)
16870305583611969. Grytha DENMARK 1601,1746 was born about 416 in , , , Denmark and died in Y.
Grytha married King Dan "The Proud" Olafsson DENMARK 1601 about 432 in , , , Denmark. Dan was born about 412 in , , , Denmark and died in Y.
16870305583611976. Gaiseric King Of The VANDALS In Spain & Africa,505,3476 son of Gunderic King Of The VANDALS In Spain and Elisa Of GRANADA, was born about 407 in Baetica, Andalusia, Spain and died in 477 in Carthage, Africa 3476 about age 70. Another name for Gaiseric was Genseric King Of VANDALS.
General Notes: Note: I have no written source on Gaiseric's father, other than rootsweb. His elder brother was Gunderic, apparently that was his father's name also.
428 - succeeded brother Gunderic as King while in Spain
May, 428 - transported all his people (80,000) to North Africa, causing great devestation
430 - defeated Bonifacius, who may have invited him to Africa.
430 - crushed joint forces of West & East Roman Empire sent against him.
435 - concluded treaty with Romans owing them some sort of allegiance.
19 Oct 439 - In surprise attack captured Carthage
442 - concluded treaty with Rome recognizing Vandal preeminence in North Africa.
440's - using large fleet of merchant & war ships, controlled western Mediterranean
440's - annexed Balearic Islands, Sardinia, Corsica, and Sicily
June 455 - sacked Rome
460 - defeated Romans led by Majorian
468 - defeated Romans led by Basiliscus
Noted events in his life were:
• Ruled: 428-477.
Gaiseric married Unknown First Wife Or MISTRESS. Unknown was born about 415 in Spain.
Children from this marriage were:
8435152791805988 i. Huneric King Of The VANDALS In Africa (born about 440 in Carthage, Africa - died in 484 in Carthage, Africa)
ii. Gelimir Of The VANDALS was born about 442 in Carthage, Africa.
Gaiseric next married Licinia Eudoxia of EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE 3477 after 455 in 2ND Husband. Licinia was born in 422 in Constantinople, Turkey.3478
16870305583611977. Unknown First Wife Or MISTRESS 505 was born about 415 in Spain.
Unknown married Gaiseric King Of The VANDALS In Spain & Africa.3476 Gaiseric was born about 407 in Baetica, Andalusia, Spain and died in 477 in Carthage, Africa 3476 about age 70. Another name for Gaiseric was Genseric King Of VANDALS.
16870305583611978. Valentinian III Emperor of ROMAN EMPIRE,505,3477 son of Constantius III Emperor of ROMAN EMPIRE and Aelia Galla Placidia of ROMAN EMPIRE, was born on 2 July 419 in Ravenna, Italy 3477 and died from 16 March 454 to 55 in Rome, Italy 3477 at age 34.
General Notes:
Valentinian III, Latin in full, Flavius Placidius Valentinianus (b. 2 July 419, Ravenna - d. 27 Mar 455, Rome), Roman emperor from 425 to 455. At no time in his long reign were the affairs of state personally managed by Valentinian. He was the son of the patrician Flavius Constantius (who ruled as Constantius III in 421) and Galla Placidia. When his uncle, the emperor Honorius, died in 423, the usurper John ruled for two years before he was deposed. Then Placidia controlled the West in her young son's name until 437, although the powerful patrician Aetius became the effective ruler toward the end of this regency. The most important political event of these years was the landing of the Vandals in Africa in 429; 10 years later they threw off the overlordship of Valentinian's government.
On 29 Oct 437, Valentinian married Licinia Eudoxia, the daughter of Theodosius II (Eastern emperor, 408-450) and Eudocia. Little is known of Valentinian in the years after his marriage. He spent his life in the pursuit of pleasure while Aetius controlled the government. In 444 Valentinian, acting in conjunction with Pope Leo I the Great, issued the famous Novel 17, which assigned to the bishop of Rome supremacy over the provincial churches. The most important political events of the closing years of his reign were the Hun invasions of Gaul (451) and of northern Italy (452), but it is not known whether Valentinian personally played any significant part in meeting these crises.
As a result of false information that made him doubt Aetius's loyalty, Valentinian murdered the great patrician with his own hands in the imperial palace at Rome on 21 Sep 454. The following year, two barbarians, Optila and Thraustila, who had been reatiners of Aetius, avenged their master by murdering the Emperor in the Campus Martius.
[Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1995]
Noted events in his life were:
• Ruled: 425-455 (West only). 3479
Valentinian married Licinia Eudoxia of EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE 3477 on 29 October 437 in Constantinople, Turkey.3477 Licinia was born in 422 in Constantinople, Turkey.3478
The child from this marriage was:
8435152791805989 i. Eudoxia of ROMAN EMPIRE (born about 448 in Roman Empire)
16870305583611979. Licinia Eudoxia of EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE,505,3477 daughter of Theodosius II Emperor of EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE and Eudocia (Athenais) Of ATHENS, was born in 422 in Constantinople, Turkey.3478
Licinia married Valentinian III Emperor of ROMAN EMPIRE 3477 on 29 October 437 in Constantinople, Turkey.3477 Valentinian was born on 2 July 419 in Ravenna, Italy 3477 and died from 16 March 454 to 55 in Rome, Italy 3477 at age 34.
Licinia next married Gaiseric King Of The VANDALS In Spain & Africa 3476 after 455 in 2ND Husband. Gaiseric was born about 407 in Baetica, Andalusia, Spain and died in 477 in Carthage, Africa 3476 about age 70. Another name for Gaiseric was Genseric King Of VANDALS.
16870305583611980. Gelimir Of The VANDALS,505 son of Gaiseric King Of The VANDALS In Spain & Africa and Unknown First Wife Or MISTRESS, was born about 442 in Carthage, Africa.
Gelimir married Eurica Of The GOTHS. Eurica was born about 448.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152791805990 i. Thrasamund Of The VANDALS (born about 465 in Carthage, Africa)
16870305583611981. Eurica Of The GOTHS,505 daughter of Adulphus King Of The GOTHS and Unknown, was born about 448.
Eurica married Gelimir Of The VANDALS. Gelimir was born about 442 in Carthage, Africa.
16870305583611982. Theodoric King Of Italy & OSTROGOTHS,505,1601,1746,3480 son of Theodemir Cheiftan Of OSTROGOTHS and Erchiva, was born about 454 in Panonnia-Raised As A Hostage In Constantinople, Eastern Roman Empire 3480 and died on 30 August 526 in Ravenna, Italy 3480 about age 72. Another name for Theodoric was Theodoric King Of ITALY & Ostrogoths.
General Notes:
Thanks to Wayne R Davy [[email protected]], for providing the following interesting historical piece from 'Archeaology Odyssey':
Thought you might be interested in this which I've taken from the Odyssey magazine which I received last week, and might want to add it to your notes for Theodoric. If you have access to this magazine, I think its a very interesting piece.
According to 6th century Gothic historian Jordanes, Goths originated in Scandinavia. In 4th cent, B.C.E. they were living along the shores of the Black Sea, and by the end of the 2nd cent C.E. they had migrated to the Danube. About 375 C.E. the Huns destroyed the Gothic settlements along the Black Sea and many of the Goths fled to territories controlled by the Romans. In 378 C.E. Goths killed the Roman Emperor Valens in a battle near the city of Adrianople, Turkey. At about 400 C.E. Alaric united the Goths in a group called the Visigoths. They marched west and established kingdoms in Spain and Gaul. In 507 the Franks conquered the Goths in Gaul. Visigoths rule in Spain lasted until 711.
After the death of Attila, the leader of the Huns, in 453, the eastern Goths united and were called the Ostragoths. They settled in the area south of Vienna, Austria and coexisted with the Roman Byzantine empire. Theodoric was sent to Constantinople where he received a Roman education and became a favorite at court. He became king of the Ostragoths in 471 and decided to carve out a kingdom in Italy which was then ruled by the barbarian, Odoacer. He led about 100,000 (including 75,000 non-combatants) into Italy and fought Odoacer's forces from 488 to 493. He convinced Odoacer to accept joint rule and then murdered him at the celebratory banquet. Thus he became sole ruler with his capitol at Ravenna. His 33 year reign was characterized by peace, prosperity and tolerance. He maintained most of the old Roman laws and appointed Romans to civil offices. He recognized the authority of the Emperor in Constantinople. He left an architectural legacy, constructing public buildings and repairing roads. Several of his structures remain standing in Ravenna today, including the church of Sant' Apollinare Nuova, an Arian baptistry, and his mausoleum.
Built to withstand eternity, his mausoleum resembles no other building in the Roman-Byzantine world. The tomb's domed roof is 36 feet in diameter, weighs about 300 tons and is carved from a single block of marble that was carved on the Istria peninsula in modern Croatia. They do not know how the roof was cut, transported and hoisted into place. The purpose was apparently to discourage vandalism. The roof locks the Lower blocks into place so that would-be vandals would bring the structure down on their head if they tampered with it. To increase the stony security, Theodoric included another protective feature which was a system of interlocking masonry joints. The tomb's walls seem to consist of regular ashlars of squared masonry blocks but in fact many of them are not of standard size and therefore are not interchangeable. The ashlars have joints or protrusions that neatly interlock with the adjacent stones. These irregular, interlocking joints make it extremely difficult, if not impossible to dismantle the structure. This fitted stonework makes the building like a Chinese puzzle. One particular piece must be removed before the subsequent pieces are chosen and unless the correct piece is chosen, the whole structure remains intact , a solid interlocked mass.
(Excerpts from "The Mystery of Theodoric's Tomb Solved" by Harry Rand,
Archaeology Odyssey, Nov-Dec 2003, p 47-53, 57-58)
Theodoric married Andelfieda (Audeflede) Princess Of FRANCE 1601 in <Of Reims, Neustria>. Andelfieda was born about 452 of Reims, Neustria, was christened on 25 December 496 of Reims, Neustria, and died on 30 April 535 in Ravenna, Italy about age 83.
Children from this marriage were:
8435152791805991 i. Amfleda Of OSTROGOTHS (born about 468 in Ravenna, Italy)
ii. Theodogotho Of ROMAN EMPIRE was born about 478 in Ravenna, Italy.
16870305583611983. Andelfieda (Audeflede) Princess Of FRANCE,505,1601,1746 daughter of Childeric I King Of FRANKS and Basina Princess Of THURINGIA, was born about 452 of Reims, Neustria, was christened on 25 December 496 of Reims, Neustria, and died on 30 April 535 in Ravenna, Italy about age 83.
Andelfieda married Theodoric King Of Italy & OSTROGOTHS 1601,3480 in <Of Reims, Neustria>. Theodoric was born about 454 in Panonnia-Raised As A Hostage In Constantinople, Eastern Roman Empire 3480 and died on 30 August 526 in Ravenna, Italy 3480 about age 72. Another name for Theodoric was Theodoric King Of ITALY & Ostrogoths.
16870305584481416. Grim HERGRIMSSON,505 son of Hergrim ARNGRIMSSON and Ogn, was born about 428 in Norway.
Grim married Brauggerd STARKSDOTTIR. Brauggerd was born about 432 in Norway.
The child from this marriage was:
8435152792240708 i. Arngrim GRIMSSON (born about 452 in Norway)
16870305584481417. Brauggerd STARKSDOTTIR,505 daughter of Stark Of NORWAY and Alfhild FINNALFSDOTTIR, was born about 432 in Norway.
Brauggerd married Grim HERGRIMSSON. Grim was born about 428 in Norway.
16870306135674880. Attila "Scourge Of God" The Hun King Of HUNS,3397,3481 son of Mundzuk Prince Of The HUNS and Unknown, was born about 400 in Romania and died in 453 in Hungary 3397,3481 about age 53.
General Notes:
The man most of us associate with this people, Attila remains a figure of folklore and legend. But given his impact on the politics of the Roman Empire, he is also the Hun about whom we know the most. He inherited and enlarged the kingdom of the Huns, welding together many separate Hunnic, Iranian and Germanic tribes into a polyethnic coalition under his domination. For a time he was a substantial threat to the Empire - raiding the East many times and launching two great invasions of the West - but on his death his kingdom crumbled and the Huns were scattered and absorbed by other peoples.
Noted events in his life were:
• Ruled: 437-453. 3397
Attila married Gundrun A BURGUNDIAN 3397 in 5th Wife.3397 Gundrun was born about 420 in France.
The child from this marriage was:
8435153067837440 i. Ernak King Of HUNS (born about 445 in Hungary - died in 476)
Attila next married Arykan 3397 in 1st Wife.3397 Arykan was born about 400 in Romania.
Attila next married Helche (Kreka) 3397 in 2ND Wife.3397 Helche was born about 405 in Romania.
Attila next married Ildiko (Hildiko) 3397 in 4th Wife.3397 Ildiko was born about 415 in Romania.
The child from this marriage was:
i. Escam (Ascama) Princess Of The HUNS was born about 440 in Hungary.
Attila next married Kriemhilt 3397 in 3rd Wife.3397 Kriemhilt was born about 410 in Romania.
The child from this marriage was:
i. Bel-Kermek Prince Of The HUNS was born about 430 in Hungary and died after 475 3397.
16870306135674881. Gundrun A BURGUNDIAN 3397 was born about 420 in France.
Gundrun married Attila "Scourge Of God" The Hun King Of HUNS 3397,3481 in 5th Wife.3397 Attila was born about 400 in Romania and died in 453 in Hungary 3397,3481 about age 53.
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