Mother: Sarah MORGAN |
America's forgotten atrocity
A unique hybrid people, the Acadians offered a wiser, kinder
vision of settling the continent. Instead, they became the
victims of North America's first ethnic cleansing campaign.
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By Andrew O'Hehir
http://fairuse.1accesshost.com/news3/salon4.htm
Excerpt:
John Mack Faragher is a leading and sometimes contentious
scholar of Western history and the American frontier; his
previous books include "The American West: A New Interpretive
History" (as co-author) and a major biography of Daniel Boone.
He does not mince words in describing the tragic history of
Anglo-Native relations in North America, which is characterized,
he writes, by episodes of "despicable brutality," a cycle of
vicious white atrocities answered by violent Indian revenge and
then by military reprisal.
John Mack Faragher spoke to Salon from his office in New Haven,
Conn., where he heads the Howard R. Lamar Center for the Study
of Frontiers and Borders at Yale.
"My expertise is frontier history, and as you may know, before I
did this book I wrote a biography of Daniel Boone. In that book,
what I found so fascinating about this genuine American hero was
that -- he certainly didn't make the world he was born into, and
he was born into a world in which his interests as a white
Pennsylvanian, later a white North Carolinian, later a
Kentuckian, were in many ways diametrically opposed to the
interests of the Indians whose homelands those places were.
On the other hand, Boone always attempted to make those moves in
the utmost good faith, dealing directly with Indian people,
respecting them, talking about the ways in which he admired
their culture. And objecting, at the end of his life, to the
fact that the reputation he had gathered during the
Revolutionary era was as an Indian hunter. At the end of his
life, he found his best friends among Indian people. He ended up
in Missouri, among Indian people who had also exiled themselves
to Missouri, as a result of the expansion of the United States."
When you look at the story closely, you find that although
American history moved in a particular direction, and certainly
for the Indians it was not a positive direction, at every step
along the way there was a significant minority of white
Americans who objected to that direction and who proposed an
alternative strategy, a way of getting along. It was always
contested, and there were points in time where that minority
actually prevailed for long periods of time. The whole history
of the fur traders on the American frontier, for example, was in
general very positive; it was about finding and making
connections. We tend to remember frontier history like a horror
story. It ended up that way, but it wasn't that way at every
turn.
The point I'm trying to make is that one of the roles I see for
a historian in the United States -- and here I separate myself
from, let's say, the Ward Churchills, who are only looking to
tell stories about victims and villains -- is to resuscitate
those points at which people faced with the dilemma of a whole
new world attempted to do something good, and achieved something
that was worth remembering.
You've suggested a couple of reasons for the difference, but I
gather there's no clear-cut historical understanding of this
question. Why did the French get along with the Indians so much
better?
Some people might like to suggest that the French national
character was more accepting, but you can certainly find
instances where the French would be just as brutal. My own
interpretation is that Roman Catholicism was extremely important
and the role of commerce was extremely important."
_____________________ | _George BOONE III "the Immigrant"_| | (1665 - 1747) m 1689 | | |_____________________ | _Squire BOONE Sr.____| | (1696 - 1765) m 1720| | | _____________________ | | | | |_Mary Milton MAUGRIDGE ___________| | (1669 - 1739) m 1689 | | |_____________________ | | |--Daniel BOONE | (1734 - 1820) | _JAMES MORGAN _______ | | (1643 - 1718) | _Edward MORGAN "the Immigrant"____| | | (1670 - 1736) m 1694 | | | |_____________________ | | |_Sarah MORGAN _______| (1699 - 1777) m 1720| | _____________________ | | |_Elizabeth JARMAN? _______________| (1678 - ....) m 1694 | |_____________________
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Mother: Elizabeth Harrison MCMILLAN |
_John BRISCOE II_____________+ | (1640 - ....) _John BRISCOE III______| | (1700 - ....) | | |_____________________________ | _John BRISCOE IV Justice______| | (1717 - 1788) m 1746 | | | _____________________________ | | | | |_Elizabeth de COURCY __| | (1700 - ....) | | |_____________________________ | | |--Frances BRISCOE | (1750 - ....) | _(RESEARCH QUERY) MCMILLIAN _ | | | _John MCMILLAN ________| | | (1760 - 1817) | | | |_____________________________ | | |_Elizabeth Harrison MCMILLAN _| (1730 - 1774) m 1746 | | _Thomas HARRISON ____________ | | (1665 - 1746) |_Ann Frances HARRISON _| (1760 - 1795) | |_____________________________
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Mother: Nancy Jane HOLMES |
_Louis ELLZEY "the Immigrant"_ | (1765 - 1852) m 1790 _John Shaffer ELLZEY Sr._| | (1796 - 1880) m 1823 | | |_Eva SHAFFER _________________ | (1770 - 1852) m 1790 _Benjamin Franklin ELLZEY C.S.A._| | (1826 - 1904) m 1846 | | | _Aquilla CONEY _______________+ | | | (1775 - 1823) | |_Elizabeth CONEY ________| | (1808 - 1858) m 1823 | | |_Jane_________________________ | (1775 - ....) | |--Iverson M. ELLZEY | (1853 - 1922) | _Elisha Warren HOLMES Sr._____+ | | (1773 - 1846) m 1790 | _Benjamin HOLMES ________| | | (1801 - 1865) m 1825 | | | |_Sarah "Sallie" STOVALL ______+ | | (1777 - 1850) m 1790 |_Nancy Jane HOLMES ______________| (1830 - ....) m 1846 | | _(RESEARCH QUERY) SUMRALL ____ | | |_Nancy SUMRALL __________| (1805 - ....) m 1825 | |______________________________
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Mother: Sarah CHRISTIAN |
_James KENNERLY Sr._______+ | (1710 - 1797) _James KENNERLY Jr.__| | (1743 - 1827) m 1768| | |_Elizabeth Winston JAMES _ | (1720 - 1797) _Joseph KENNERLY Sr._| | (1776 - 1864) m 1800| | | __________________________ | | | | |_Susan LONG _________| | (1747 - 1820) m 1768| | |__________________________ | | |--Drucilla KENNERLY | (1810 - 1879) | _Robert Thomas CHRISTIAN _+ | | (1715 - 1749) | _Robert CHRISTIAN ___| | | (1737 - ....) | | | |_Lucy BRADLEY ____________ | | (1720 - ....) |_Sarah CHRISTIAN ____| (1778 - 1835) m 1800| | __________________________ | | |_Mary WYNN __________| (1740 - 1802) | |__________________________
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Mother: Mildred HOWELL |
_Phillip LIGHTFOOT "the Immigrant"_+ | (1643 - 1708) m 1679 _Philip LIGHTFOOT II_| | (1689 - 1748) | | |_Alice CORBIN _____________________+ | (1660 - ....) m 1679 _William LIGHTFOOT __| | (1718 - 1764) | | | _William ARMISTEAD ________________+ | | | (1671 - 1711) m 1701 | |_Mary ARMISTEAD _____| | (1696 - 1775) | | |_Anna LEE _________________________+ | (1680 - 1757) m 1701 | |--Mildred LIGHTFOOT | (1751 - 1799) | _James HOWELL _____________________ | | (1664 - 1700) | _John HOWELL ________| | | (1691 - 1723) m 1720| | | |___________________________________ | | |_Mildred HOWELL _____| (1723 - ....) | | _John IV "Councillor" LEWIS _______+ | | (1669 - 1725) m 1685 |_Mildred LEWIS ______| (1691 - 1733) m 1720| |_Elizabeth (Isabelle) WARNER ______+ (1672 - 1719) m 1685
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Mother: Frances Leona AUSTIN |
_Nehemiah Parsons PALMER _______+ | (1803 - 1860) m 1830 _Louis Austin PALMER Sr. C.S.A._| | (1832 - 1888) m 1858 | | |_Harriet H. SMITH ______________+ | (1813 - 1852) m 1830 _William Warren PALMER _| | (1867 - 1913) m 1899 | | | _William Guerrant HIGGINBOTHAM _+ | | | (1819 - 1888) m 1838 | |_Martha Lenora HIGGINBOTHAM ____| | (1842 - 1908) m 1858 | | |_Sarah Ann PALMER ______________+ | (1822 - ....) m 1838 | |--Ventriss Glancey PALMER | (1902 - ....) | ________________________________ | | | _James AUSTIN __________________| | | (1850 - ....) | | | |________________________________ | | |_Frances Leona AUSTIN __| (1880 - 1963) m 1899 | | ________________________________ | | |_Alexena ROGILLIO ______________| (1860 - ....) | |________________________________
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Mother: Mary "Molly" PENN |
_John STEWART "the Immigrant"_ | (1695 - 1784) _John STEWART _______| | (1734 - 1784) m 1755| | |______________________________ | _William STEWART ____| | (1762 - 1848) m 1783| | | _John HAW "the Immigrant"_____ | | | (1718 - 1779) | |_Ann HAW ____________| | (1738 - 1830) m 1755| | |_Sarah RICHARDSON ____________+ | (1720 - ....) | |--Frances "Frankie" STEWART | (1794 - ....) | _John PENN I__________________+ | | (1650 - ....) m 1685 | _Joseph PENN Sr._____| | | (1717 - 1769) m 1735| | | |_Lucy GRANVILLE? _____________+ | | (1660 - 1741) m 1685 |_Mary "Molly" PENN __| (1757 - 1830) m 1783| | _John TAYLOR III______________+ | | (1696 - 1780) m 1716 |_Mary TAYLOR ________| (1718 - 1757) m 1735| |_Catherine Isabel PENDLETON __+ (1693 - 1774) m 1716
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