Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, JGAHS Vol. VII. No. I., Notes on the Persons Named in the Obituary Book of the Franciscan Abbey at Galway by Martin J. Blake, 1-28.

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	Notes on the Persons named in the Obituary Book of the Franciscan Abbey at Galway.

By MARTIN J. BLAKE.

[CONTINUED FROM Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 235.]

(3) "LORD WILLIAM DE BURGO," 1324.
	[See Vol. VI., No. iv., p. 230].

This was Sir William de Burgb, knight, who was styled, in Irish Liath, in Latin Canus, in English The Grey. He was son of William de Burgh, sometimes styled "of Athanchip," because he was slain at that place (in A.D. 1270), who was a younger brother of Walter de Burgh, 1st (De Burgh) Earl of Ulster, which Walter was the father of Richard de Burgh, 2nd (De Burgh) Earl of Ulster, commonly called the Red Earl. Sir Williarn Liath de Burgh was therefore first cousin to the Red Earl.
From A.D. 1276 to his death in A.D. 1324, Sir William Liath de Burgb held a position among the Anglo-Norman nobles of Connaught inferior only to that of his cousin the Red Earl. No account is given in tbe Dictionary of National Biography of Sir William Liath de Burgh; but as he was the founder of tbe Franciscan Abbey at Galway with the obituary of which I am dealing in these Notes, and furthermore was a very great man

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Illustration of Sir William De Burgh at 
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~nolenancestry/page1.html

SIR WILLIAM DE BURGH

[From a coloured drawing in the Historia et Genealogia Familia de Burgo, an Irish MS. No. 1440 in the Library of 
T. C. D.]

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
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who took an important part in the history of Connaught for nearly 50 years (A.D. 1277-A.D. 1324), I think it desirable to give here, in some detail, all that I have been able to ascertain about him.
As early as A.D. 1277, Sir William Liath de Burgh, and his cousin the Red Earl began to take part in the wars in Thomond (County Clare), carried on between rival chieftains of the O'Briens for the sovereignty of Thomond. The De Burghs in this warfare were mainly actuated by antagonism towards the Anglo-Norman families of De Clare and the Geraldines, lest these nobles should obtain a controlling power in Thomond. Hence, the De Burghs always aided whichever O'Brien chieftain the De Clares and the Geraldines were for the time being opposing in favour of a rival
O'Brien.
Early in A.D. 1276 King Edward I. granted to Thomas de Clare the whole territory of Thomond.*  This Thomas de Clare was a brother of Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester (who had died in A.D. 1262). In A.D. 1277 Thomas de Clare, in order to get a secure foot-hold in Thomond, took side with Brian ruadh O'Brien then King of Thomond, against his rival and nephew, Turlogh O'Brien. Brian ruadh was defeated by Turlogh O'Brien at the battle of Magh-Gresain, whereupon Thomas de Clare thought it best to get rid of Brian ruadh, whom he had sworn to assist, and caused him to be barbarously murdered by having him tied to two wild horses and torn asunder (A D. 1277). This act caused all the O'Briens to combine against De Clare, who was driven out of Thomond, and was ultimately slain by Turlogh O'Brien in A.D. 1287. In this warfare Turlogh O'Brien was assisted by the De Burghs.
In December A.D. 1294, John Fitz Thomas (Fitzgerald), then Baron of Offaly, and later on first Earl of Kildare-the head of the Geraldines-captured the Red Earl and Sir William Liath de Burgh, and imprisoned them both for three months in the castle of Lea, near Portarlington. They were released in March 1295 by order of King Edward I., and John Fitz Thomas was, in 1299, obliged to surrender all his lands in Connaught to the Red Earl, In exchange for lands in Leinster and Munster. t
In A.D. 1296 Sir William Liath de Burgh founded the Fran-

* Calendar of Documents of Ireland. A.D. 1252-A.D. 1284 at p. 217.
t On 16 March 1299 an agreement specifying the terms of this exchange was executed between the Red Earl and John Fitz Thomas: see Calendar of Justiciary Rolls, Ireland, 1295-1303, p. 234.

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ciscan Abbey at Galway as the obit in the Register we are dealing with records. In A.D. 1303, he joined King Edward I. in Scotland in the war then waged by that monarch against the Scots, and for his services there received from tbe King the custody of lands in tbe barony of Costello, County Mayo, belonging to the heir of Thomas fitz Maurice-of the Desmond line of the Geraldines. In A.D. 1308 Sir William Liath de Burgh was appointed Keeper (Custos) of Ireland for six months during the absence of the Justiciary, John de Wogan.
In the years 1309 and 1310, Sir William Liath de Burgh actively supported Felim O'Conor in his campaign in Roscommon for the sovereignty of the O'Conors against his rival Hugh (Aedh) O'Conor, styled the Brefnian, who was slain in A.D. 1310. The Annals of Loch Ce give a graphic account of De Burgh's power in Roscommon after that event:

"A.D. 1310: William Burke afterwards returns back into the midst of the Sil-Muiredhaigh, and quarters 200 mercenaries upon them, and there was not a town in all Sil-Muiredhaigh without habitual bonaght. nor a district without exaction, nor a prince without oppresoion, during William Burke's rule over them after the death of Aedh (O'Conor)."
In A.D. 1311 we find Sir William Liath de Burgh engaged in a war in Thomond, assisting Donogh O'Brien (son of Turlogh O'Brien before mentioned) against the grandsons of Brian ruadh O'Brien, who were then supported by Richard de Clare.* In this campaign, although De Clare was defeated at the battle of Bunratty (20th May 1311), yet Sir William Liath de Burgh was not personally fortunate, for he was taken prisoner after the battle by some of De Clare's men; but he was soon ransomed in exchange for two sons of Dermot O'Brien who had been captured by De Burgh's allies.
The next remarkable incident in his career occurred in A.D. 1315, in which year Edward Bruce (brother of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots, who achieved the independence of Scotland on the field of Bannockburn on 24th June 1314) invaded Ireland.

* This Richard de Clare was the 2nd son of the Thomas de Clare who had been slain in 1287; but he became head of the De Clare family in 1303 upon the death without issue male, of his brother Gilbert de Clare the eldest son of said Thomas de Clare: this Richard de Clare together with his eldest son were slain at the battle of Dysert O' Dea, on 10th May 1318, and the De Clare family then disappeared from Thomond. See paper by Mr. Thomas Westropp on the "Wars of Torlough" in Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, vol. 32, section C., part ii. at pp. 141-42.

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
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The Red Earl and Sir William Liath de Burgh collected their forces and marched into Ulster to oppose Bruce, and they were accompanied thither by Felim O'Oonor, King of Connaught. Felim, however, left the De Burghs before any battle was fought with Bruce, and returned to Connaught to maintain his own position there against his rival Rory O'Conor. Edward Bruce completely defeated the Red Earl at the battle of Connor (near Ballymena, Co. Antrim) on the 10th September 1315, and Sir William Liath de Burgh was wounded and captured in that battle, and on the 15 September 1315 was sent as a prisoner into Scotland.
In July 1316, the Red Earl ransomed Sir William Liath de Burgh who then returned to Ireland, having left his son (probably Edmund Albanagh de Burgh) as a hostage with the Scots in Scotland. Sir William Liath de Burgh arrived in Connaught just in time to take part in the decisive battle fought at the gates of Athenry on the 10th August 1316. In that year (1316) Felim O'Conor, the young King of Connaught, availing himself of the good opportunity afforded him by the decisive defeat of the Red Earl of Ulster by Edward Bruce at the battle of Connor in Ulster in 1315, made a great effort to drive the Anglo-Normans out of Connaught, and to utterly destroy their power there. And on this occasion, and for this purpose, Felim 0'Conor managed to obtain the alliance and assistance of many native Irish princes and clans, not alone from all Connaught, but also from Thomond, and from Meath and other parts of Leinster. With this numerous host, Felim O'Conor marched to Athenry, where a comparatively small, but well armed and well disciplined force with the chief Anglo-Norman nobles of Connaught, under the supreme command or Richard de Bermingham (styled by the Irish, "Mac Feorais") the lord of Athenry, had gathered together. The following account of the proceedings is given in the "Annals of Loch Ce" :
"A.D. 1315: When Felim (O'Conor) heard that William Burke had arrived in Connacht from Alba (Scotland) he commanded a muster of his people to one place, to expel him (Burke). And this was the muster that came there, namely all from Es-Ruaidh,* to Echtghe:* And Donogh O'Brien, King of Thomond came in his following and muster: And O'Melaghlin, King of Meath: And O'Rourke, King af Breifne: And O'Ferrall, King of Conmaicne (Angally, now Co. Longford): And Tadgh O'Kelly, King of Hy-Many; and many more of the Kings and Chieftains

	--- --

* Assaroe on the river Erne, near Ballyshannon, Co. Donegal: Echtghe now Slieve Aughty, the name of the mountain range between the Counties of Galway and Clare.

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of Erin, came in his muster. And they all went to Ath-na-righ (Athenry) aga.inst William Burke, MacFeorais and the other Foreigners of Connacht: And a battle was fought between them, at the door of the town; and the Gaels were defeated there, and Felim O'Conor, King of Connaught was slain there; and Tadhg O'Kelly, King of Hy-Many, and twenty persons entitled to the sovereignty of Hy-Many fell there along with him: And Art O'Heghra (O'Hara) King of Leyney: And Melaghlin O'Dowde: And Dermot MacDermot, who was fit to be King of Moylurg: And John son of Murragh O'Madden and Murragh O'Madden: And Donnell, son of Aedh O'Concannon, King of Hy-Dermoda.: And Donnell O'Boyle: And Nial Sinnach (The Fox), King of Feara- Taffia (Foxes Country, now part of Kings County): And Farrell, son of John galda O'Ferrall, William, son of Aedh oge O'Ferrall, and Thomas, son of Awley O'Ferrall: And five of the clan Donnagh were slain there: And John MacEgan, O'Conor's brehon, and Gillananaev son of O'Dolan, the standard bearer, and Thomas O'Connellan, were slain there, around their Lord.And it is not easy to tell all that were then slain of the men of Munster and the men of Meath and of the men of Erin likewise; as the poet says
  "Many of the men of Erin all, around the great plain,
	Many sons of Kings, whom I name not, were slain in the
	great defeat:
	Sorrowful to my heart is the conflict of the host of
	Midhe and Mumha.."

As the Anglo-Norman force sustained but little loss in this battle, it is likely that their archers at the onset showered a hail of arrows upon the Irish host who were not protected with mail armour, and shot them down in hundreds before they could get to close quarters; and that then the charge of the heavy Anglo-Norman cavalry of mail-clad knights, completed the havoc and rout of the undisciplined Gaelic hosts. This battle of Athenry must be reckoned in its effects and results as one of the most decisive battles in Ireland during the Anglo-Norman period. It fully established the De Burgh supremacy in Connaught over the native Irish there. Sir William Liath de Burgh was present at the battle, although Richard de Bermingham, Lord of Athenry, was in supreme command of the Anglo-Norman force engaged in it.
This is the last remarkable incident recorded in the life of Sir William Liath de Burgh. He died on the 12th of February 1324, as the Obituary Register we are dealing with records.
It has long been erroneously believed that Sir William Liath de Burgh was buried in the church of the Franciscan Abbey at Galway. This erroneous belief has undoubtedly been stimulated-if not occasioned-by the fact that a tombstone with an inscription commemorating him as the founder of that monastery was erected in that church in A.D. 1645 by Friar Valentine Browne

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
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then Guardian of that Franciscan convent. The late Reverend Charles Patrick Meehan in his book Irish Franciscan Monasteries in the 17th Century*-which purports to contain a translation of Friar Donatus Mooney's Latin Narrative entitled A Short History of the lrish Province of the Franciscan Order (written between 1608 and 1617)-would indeed lead his readers to suppose that Friar Mooney stated that Sir William de Burgh was buried in the Franciscan Abbey Church at Galway, and that Mooney, when he visited the town of Galway (in 1608) saw the tomb of William de Burgh there, and read the following inscription upon it :
" Memoriae lllmi Domini Gul. de Burgo, suae nationis principis et hujus monasterii fundatoris, qui obit, 1324."
" To the Memory of the most illustrious Lord William de Burgo, chief of his nation and founder of this monastery, who died 1324."

As it came to my knowledge, however, that Father Meehan's book was really a paraphrase rather than a translation of Mooney's original work, I thought it desirable to ascertain what were Mooney's exact words with regard to the De Burgh tombstone; and I accordingly had recourse to the Franciscan Convent at Merchants Quay, Dublin, where the transcript of Mooney's work which Father Meehan made use of is preserved. Father T. A. O'Reilly of that convent has most kindly supplied me with a copy of that portion of Mooney's transcript which deals with the Franciscan Monastery at Galway; and I find (as indeed I had previously suspected) that Mooney made no specific mention whatever of any De Burgh tombstone in that Abbey Church at Galway. Mooney's actual and only words concerning the tombs in the Franciscan Abbey Church at Galway are these:
"Sepulchra principalia totius civitatis civium in ea (ecclesia) sunt, et plurima ex illis magnifice constructa " :
"The principal tombs of the citizens of the whole town are in that (church) and many of them magnificently constructed."

It will be seen therefore that the allusion to, and description of, the De Burgh tombstone contained in Father Meehan's book are entirely interpolations of his own, and are not to be found in the text of Friar Mooney's narrative.
The fact is, that it was not until the period when the town of Galway was in the possession of the Confederate Catholics (long after Friar Mooney's visit to Galway) that the tombstone

* Sixth Edition (1887?) at p. 74.

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with the inscription thereon commemorating Sir william de Burgh as the founder, was first set up in the Franciscan Abbey Church at Galway. This was done, as the inscription itself shows, in 1645 by Friar Valentine Browne then Guardian of that monastery.
The inscription which is carved in raised letters round the margin of the stone, runs thus:

''MEMOBLE G.(O) ILL.(MO) DNO. GVLL . DE . BVRGO
SV..E . NATIONIS PRINCIPIS ET HVIVS MONASTERII FVNDATORI.  QVI . OBIIT. 1324. POSVIT. F.V.B.G."

"Placed (by) F[riar] V[alentine] B[rowne] G[uardian]
In grateful memory to the most illustrious Lord, William de Burgo, chief of his nation and founder of this monastery, who died 1324."

Under this marginal inscription and just above the shield bearing the De Burgh arms, is inscribed the date "1645"
	An illustration of the tombstone taken from Hardiman's History 0f Galway is here reproduced.
The inscription it will be seen speaks for itself as to its date and purpose. Neither it, nor the entry of the obit of Sir William de Burgh in the Obituary Book with which we are dealing, contains any statement that Sir William de Burgh was buried in the Franciscan Abbey Church at Galway.
When the tombs in that church were demolished by the Commomwealth soldiers after the capture of the town of Galway in 1652, this tombstone became buried beneath an accumulation of debris; but in June 1779 it was discovered buried four feet under ground, and by the direction of Friar Anthony Carroll, then Guardian, it was placed in the wall near the sacristy entmnce of the Abbey Church at GaJway which was rebuilt in 1781, where it is now (1911) to be seen.
It is quite certain that Sir William Liath de Burgh was buried, not in the Franciscan Abbey at Galway but in the	Dominican Abbey at Athenry. A transcript made for Sir James Ware, of the Register of the Dominican Abbey at Athenry, is now preserved in the British Mluseum (Additional MS. No. 4784), and it states in

Illustration of tombstone at 
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~nolenancestry/page1.html

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.

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express terms that Sir William Liath de Burgh was buried in the Dominican Abbey at Athenry. The entry concerning him in that Register is as follows:*

"Item, Willelmus canus de Burgo et Fynnola ingen y' Bryan ruadh sua uxor, fuerunt isti conventui magni amici; et dederunt fratribus plusquam centum marcas ad fabricam frontis ecclesiae et ad vitreum; et dederunt eis, redecimationes omnium grangiarum suarum; et sepulturam eorum dederunt fratribus, quia ante hoc sepultura Ricardinorum solebat fieri in monasterio R. Canonicorum de Athassel: hic Dominus ampliavit chorum 
 nostrum spacio viginti pedum: et sepulti sunt in presbiterio, in gradu
diaconi. "

The translation of which is as follows:
"Item, Grey William de Burgo and Finola his wife, daughter of O'Brian ruadh, were great friends of this Convent; and gave the Brethren more than 100 marks towards the fabric of the front of the Church, and for glass: and they gave them the tithes of all their farms; and they gave their burial to the Brethren, although, before this the burial of the Ricardines was accustomed to be made in the monastery of the Canons Regular of Athassel. t This lord enlarged our choir by the space of 20 feet: and they are buried in the presbytery in the rank of Deacon."
The above entry relating to Sir William Liath de Burgh iu Register of the Dominican Abbey at Athenry, is of further interest as giving us the name of the wife of Sir William Liath de Burgh, namely Finola, daughter of O'Brian ruadh. This O'Brian ruadh, in all probability, was the Brian ruadh O'Brien, King of Thomond, who was barbarously slain by Thomas de Clare in A.D. 1277, as before mentioned.
By Finola O'Brien, Sir William Liath de Burgh left surviving a very numerous and distinguished family of sons. Their names were:
1. Sir Walter de Burgh, who was starved to death at the New Castle of lnnishowen, in Ulster, in A.D. 1332 by his kinsman William de Burgh, 3rd (de Burgh) Earl of Ulster, commonly called the Brown Earl Walter left no male issue.

* Register of Athenry Abbey in Additional MS. No. 4784 in the British Museum.
t "Athassel" now locally called the Abbey of Golden, situated in the village of Golden about three miles S. W. of Cashel in Co. Tipperary. It was the first William de Burgh (or Burke) who about A.D. 1200, founded the Abbey of Athassel for the Canons Regular of  St. Augustine. He was buried there about 1206 as were also his grandson Walter de Burgh 1st (De Burgh) Earl of Ulster who died in 1271, and his great grandson Richard 2nd (De Burgh, Earl of Ulster, the Red Earl, who died in 1326.

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2. Sir Edmond de Burgh, styled Albanagh, or the Scot: he died in 1375 as is recorded in this obituary. From him descended all the "Mac Williams Eighter," i.e. Chiefs of the Lower Bourkes, or the Bourkes of Mayo.
3. Ulick de Burgh, styled of Annaghkeen, who died in 1353. His son Richard oge Burke was Mac William Oughter (the Upper Mac William), and from him all the MacWilliams Oughter who were the chiefs of the Clanricard Burkes of Galway are descended.
4. Raymond de Burgh, from whom perhaps the MacRaymond Burkes of the barony of Clare in Co. Galway, descend.
5. Richard de Burgh, styled An Forbair (of Furbough), from whose son Ulick Burke, styled "of Umhaill " (the Owles in Mayo), who died in 1343, the sliocht Ulick Bourkes of the Owles are descended.
6. Theobald de Burgh, killed in 1336.
7. Thomas de Burgh, a priest, who was Treasurer of Ireland, 1331-1334.
Most, but not all, of the principal families of Burke and Bourke in the Counties of Galway and Mayo, are descended from Sir William Liath de Burgh.
The reader may have observed that throughout this note I have considered and treated Sir William de Burgh, the Knight, (who was son of William de Burgh of Ath-an-chip and nephew of Walter de Burgh the first (de Burgh) Earl of Ulster) as being one and the same person as William Liath (the Grey) de Burgh, who founded the Franciscan Abbey at Galway in A.D. 1296; and further that I have represented the Mac William Burkes of Clanricarde (MacWilliam Oughter) as tracing descent from Richard oge Burke (who died A.D. 1387) son of Ulick Burke of Annaghkeen (who died A.D. 1353), third son of Sir William de Burgh Knight, styled Liath (the Grey).
I arrived at these conclusions from a careful comparison of tbe English State Records with the Irish Annalists. But I must admit that I have not been able to discover actual authentic proof for my conclusions on these two heads, and further I must point out that tbese conclusions are at variance with the accounts given both by the Irish author (his name is unknown) of the Manuscript entitled Historia et Genealogia Familia de Bnrgo,*

* Irish MSS. No. 1440 in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin.

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written in A.D. 1578, and by Duald Mac Firbis in his Great Book of Genealogies,* completed in 1664 and also in his Abridged Genealogical Treatise. completed in 1666.
Both these writers agree in representing Sir Wil1iam de Burgh the Knight, as being a different person from William Liath (the Grey) de Burgh. They say (and so far I agree with them) that Sir William de Burgh the Knight, was son of William de Burgh styled of Ath-an-chip who was brother of Walter de Burgh the first (De Burgh) Earl of Ulster. But they on the other hand say that Williarn Liath (the Grey) de Burgh, was son of a Richard oge de Burgh whom they describe as being a son of the William de Burgh who first came into Ireland (whom they wrongly describe as William FitzAdelm) by a second wife, whom they (wrongly again) describe as being the daughter of MacCarthy Finghia (Fineen) of Ringrone near Kinsale.
According to these writers therefore, Richard Mor de Burgh, Lord of Connaught (the son of the first William de Burgh by his first wife) and the man they call Richard oge Burke, were brothers of the half blood.
But as William Liath (the Grey) de Burgh undoubtedly founded the Franciscan Abbey at Galway in A.D. 1296, and did not die until A.D. 1324, it is obvious, having regard to these dates, that he could hardly have been a grandson (as these writers represent him to be) of the first William de Burgh in Ireland, who died early in A.D. 1206 as the English State Records prove.
Again the writers above referred to, describe the Mac William Burkes of Clanricarde (Mac Williams Oughter) as being descended from the above mentioned Richard Oge Burke whom they assert to have been a son of the first William de Burgh in Ireland by his second wife; and the pedigree they give of the Mac William Burkes of Clan-Ricard accordingly runs thus:
"The first William de Burgh in Ireland was father of Richard oge Burke, father of William Liath (the Grey) Burke, father of Richard Burke styled of "Forbhar," father of Ulick Burke of Annaghkeen, father of "Ulick Burke (MacWilliam Oughter) styled "an Fhiona" (of the Wine). father of "Ulick ruadh Burke (MacWilliam Oughter) styled "Bod all balcaigh," father of Ulick Burke (MacWilliam Oughter) styled Finn, father of Richard Burke (MacWilIiam Oughter), father of Ulick Burke (MacWilliam Oughter) styled "na g-cean" (of the beads), who was created 1st Earl of Clanricarde in A.D. 1543."*

	* See a. Translation made by W. M. Hennessy, in the same Library, of the passages in MacFirbis' works relating to the Burkes.
	t See Hennessy's Transla.tion of MacFirbis' Works at pp. 69- 70.

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The discrepancy between this genealogy of the Mac William Burkes of Clan-Ricard and that given by me in this paper can easily be seen by comparing the two.
The Richard Burke "an Forbhar" mentioned in MacFirbis' genealogy of the Mac William Burkes of Clan-Ricard was certainly a son of William Liath (the Grey) Burke, but that Richard was not the father (as MacFirbis states) of Ulick Burke of Annaghkeen, but of Ulick Burke of "Umhall " (i.e. the Owles or Burrishoole in County Mayo) whose descendants were the sliocht Ulick Bourke of Umhall. Ulick Burke of Annaghkeen (from whom the Mac William Burkes of Clan-Rickard descend) was a brother-not the son-of Richad Burke "an Forbhar," both being sons of William Liath (the Grey) Burke.
I have found by comparing tbe English State Records and the Irish Annals, with the author of the Historia et Genealogia Familiae de Burgo and Duald MacFirbis, that these two writers are accurate as regards the genealogy they give of the Mac William Bourkes of Mayo (Mac William Eighter) but that they had no accurate information regarding the early part of the pedigree of the Mac William Burkes of Clan-Ricard (Mac William Oughter) and could only make a guess at it-with the not surprising result, that they made a mess of it.
(4) EDMUND DE BURGO, 1513.
 [See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 230].

This Edmund de Burgo (or Bourke) was the eldest son of Richard Bourke, styled O'Cuairsci (of the round shield) who was eldest son of Edmund Bourke, styled Na Fesoige (of the Beard), who was second surviving son of Sir Thomas de Burgh, who was eldest surviving son of Sir Edmond de Burgh, styled Albanagh (The Scot), who was second son of Sir William Liath de Burgh.
This Edmund Bourke was elected "Mac William Eighter" (the Lower Mac William) i.e. Chief of the Lower (or Mlayo) Bourkes, on the death in 1502-3 of his kinsman Theobald, son of Walter Bourke.
It was while this Edmond Bourke was Mac William Eighter that the celebrated battle of Knockdoe (Cnoc-tuagh, the Hill of the Hatchets),-situated on the townland of Turloughmore, in the parish of Clare-Galway, about eight miles north-east of the town of Galway, off the road from Galway to Tuam-was fought on the 19th August 1504, between Gerald (8th) Earl of Kildare, then Lord Deputy of Ireland, and Mac William Oughter, i.e. Ulick

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
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Burke (styled Ulick Finn) the Chief of the Upper (or Clanricard) Burkes. The Mayo Bourkes fought on the side of the Earl of Kildare in that battle against the Clanricard Burkes 'who were completely defeated.*
In A.D. 1512 this Edmund Rourke (MacWilliam Eighter) was at war with Hugh O'Donnlel, Chief of Tyrconnell, who invaded Lower Connaught and captured the castle of Bel-an-chlair (now called Aclair) in the barony of Leyney, Co. Sligo. Mac Williarn tried to retake the castle, but fled on O'Donnell's returning to raise the siege, and O'Donnell pursued Mac William to Ardnarea on the river Moy, and captured Mac William's castle of Inishcrone near the said river, taking Mac William's son, Ulick Bourke, prisoner there. After this, Mac William submitted to O'Donnell, who released his son. The Annals of the Four Masters give the following account of the murder of this Edmund Bourke (MacWilliam Eighter) by his nephews:
" A.D. 1513; MacWilliam Burke (Edmund, the son of Richard, son of Edmund, son of Thomas) a man whose domestics were the Friars and the Ollavs, was treacherously slain by the sons of his brother, namely, by Theobald reagh (Bourke) and Edmond Ciocragh (The Greedy), two sons of Walter (Bourke) the son of Richard."

The Annals of Loch Ce give the year of Edmund Bourke's murder as 1514, and state that it occurred in the monastery of Rath-Brandubh (Rathfran, in Tyrawley).
(5) THEOBALD, SON OF WALTER, DE BURGO, 1502. 
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 230].

This Theobald de Burgo (or Bourke) was the second son of Walter Bourke, who was eldest surviving son of Sir Thomas de Burgh, who was eldest surviving son of Sir Edmond Albanagh de Burgh, who was second son of Sir William Liath de Burgh.
This Theobald de Burgh was elected Mac William Eighter (Lower Mac William) i.e. Chief of the Mayo Bourkes in 1479 on the death of Richard Bourke styled O'Cuairsci (of the round shield), the previous Mac William Eighter. (As to whom, see post, Note (18) ).
In A.D. 1486 this Theobald Bourke (Mac William Eigbter) was defeated by O'Donnell (Hugh roe) Chief of Tyrconnell, in a battle fought at Ardnarea on the riyer Moy in Tyrawley.

*A highly fanciful account of the battle of Knockdoe, contained in the Book of Howth (written before 15700 is quoted by Hardiman in O'Flaherty's Iar,Connought at pp. 149-154.

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The Annals of the Four Masters record the death of this Theobald Bourke under the year 1503, as follows:
A.D. 1503: Theobald, the son of Walter, Burke, Lord of Conmaicne Cuile Toladh (the barony of Kilmaine in the County of Mayo) , head of the humanity and hospitality of the English of Connaught, died at an advanced age.

(6) ANDREW LYNCH FITZ STEPHEN, 1523, 
[See Vol. VI., No. iv, at p. 2:30].

He probably was the man of that name who was Mayor of Galway in 1498. His arrest and imprisonment at Dublin by Red Piers Butler (8th) Earl of Ormond, was probably occasioned by the dispute then (1523) pending between the town of Galway and the Earl of Ormond concerning a claim made by the Earl of a right to levy a toll of one tun out of every nine tuns of wine imported into Galway, or elsewhere in Ireland. The case however was decided against the Earl of Ormond in 1526.*

(7) DONATUS MOYNEUS, 1624. 
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 231].

I am confident that this is the obit of Donatus Mooney, the Franciscan Friar, whose account of the Franciscan monasteries in Ireland at the beginning of the 17th century has been published by the Reverend Charles Patrick Meehan, from whose work I have already quoted in the note (3) dealing with Sir William Liath de Burgh. He had been Provincial of the Franciscans of the Irish Province but had retired from that office before his death.
Sir James Ware evidently did not recognise that this entry in the Obituary Book referred to Donatus Mooney, for in his work Scriptores Hiberniae (t) he states that Friar Mooney died in 1616.
.Archdall Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 287) ignores this obit altogether, as also does Hardiman (History of Galway, p. 265, note b). But Father Luke Wadding in his work Scriptores Ordinis Minorum (Edition published at Rome in 1806 at p. 70) thus refers to Friar Mooney:

Donatus Monoeus, Hibernicus, Midensis, Provinciae Hiberniae Minister, vir doctus et insignis concionator, scripsit Brevem Historiam ejusdem Prouinciae, quam habeo penes me MS.

* Hardiman's History of Galway at p. 79.
t Ware's Writers of Ireland (Harris' Edition) at p. 103.

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.

15

"Donatus Mooney, an Irishman, of Meath diocese, Administrator of the Irish Province, a learned man, and a distinguished public speaker, wrote a SHORT HISTORY OF THAT PROVINCE, which I have before me in Manuscript."

The above description by Wadding, of Donatus Mooney as "Donatus Monoeus" is clearly identical with the description "Donatus Moyneus" in this obit, the entry of which, as Sir James Ware noted, was written in a recent hand.

(8) LORD MYLER, SON OF THEOBALD DE BURGO, 1520.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 231].
This Myler de Burgh (or Bourke) was the eldest son of Theobald de Burgh (or Bourke) as to whom, see ante, Note (5).
Myler Bourke was elected Mac William Eighter, i.e. Chief of the Lower (or Mayo) Bourkes, in 1514. His death in 1520, is thus recorded in the Annals of Loch Ce:

"A.D. 1520: :MacWilliam Burke, i.e. Meiler, the son of Theobald, was treacherously killed by the sons of Seoinin Mor."

The sons of Seoinin Mor thus referred to were Richard and Meiler Bourke. Their father Seoinin Mor Bourke, was son of Raymond, son of Meiler, son of William, son of John Boy (who died in 1403), son of John Midheach (who died in 1342) son of Seoinin (Burke), second son of William de Burgh (or Burke) styled of Athanchip (who was slain in 1270). This family of Bourke were called the "Clan Seoinin" from that Seoinin Burke, who was second son of William de Burgh styled Athanchip. Sir William Liath de Burgh was the eldest son of that William de Burgh styled Athanchip. The Clan Seoinin Bourkes from 1400 to 1655 were located in the barony of Kilrnaine, County Mayo. In the 18th century many of them anglicised their clan surname "MacSeoinin or MacJonyn," into"Jennings."
From the Myler de Burgh (or Bourke) whose death in 1520 is recorded in this obit, Theobald Burke of Moneycrower in Kilmaine barony, Co. Mayo (living in 1617) was probably descended-though the actual links of the descent are not authenticated. The Earls of Mayo (which peerage still exists) are certainly descended from the above-mentioned Theobald Bourke of Moneycrower. The statements in Lodge's Peerage (Archdall's edition) as to the immediate ancestry of Theobald Bourke of Moneycrower (living 1617) are, howeyer, inaccurate.

16

GALWAY ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTOHlCAL SOCIETY.

(9) THOMAS O'MULALLY, ARCHBlSHOP OF TUAM, 1536.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 231].

The death of this Thomas O'Mulally is not recorded in any of the Irish Annals. He was appointed Bishop of Clonmacnois,* by Pope Julian II. in 1508, in succession to Dr. Walter Blake: and was elevated by Pope Leo X. to the Archbishopric of Tuam, in succession to Dr. Maurice O'Fithelly, who died in 1513 (for whom see post, Note (12) ).
It appears from the Funeral Entry dated 1638 of Isaac O'Mulally (t) of Tullaghdaly (Tullinadaly) who died the 16th Jnly 1631, that said "Isaac was the eldest son and heir of Dr. William 0'Mulally (or Lally) Archbishop of Tuam, who was the eldest son and heir of Dr. Thomas O'Mulally, Archbishop of Tuam." Dr. William Lally (therein mentioned) was the first Protestant Archbishop of Tuam, and was appointed by Queen Elizabeth in succession to Archbishop Christopher Bodkin who died in 1572.
The O'Mulally's were anciently Chiefs (together with the O'Naghtens) of the district styled Moennoy-the plain lying round Loughrea-but they were dispossessed of that district by the Clan Hubert Burkes (see Vol. VI., No. iv., Note (1) at p. 233); and early in the 17th century some of them were located at Tullinadaly in the baony of Dunmore, Co. Galway.(tt)

(10) WILLLIAM BLAKE, 1458.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. a.t p. 231].

This William Blake was eldest son of Geoffrey Blake, 3rd son of Walter Blake, son of Richard Cadel, surnamed Niger or Blake. In 1435 this William Blake joined with his kinsmen in making a grant to the Church of St. Nicholas at Galway.** He was ancestor; (through his eldest son John Blake) of the Blakes of Kiltolla, the Blakes of Ballinafad, the Blakes of Ardfry, etc. His will, which as this entry records was, at the request of his son Thomas Blake, proved before Donatus (O'Murray) Archbishop of Tuam on the 17th Febrbary 1475, is not now extant.

* See Theiner Monumenta Hibernorion Historiam illustrantia at p. 515. 
t See the Funeral Entries contained in a manuscript in the British Museum (Additional MS., No. 4820, at folio (114).
	tt An Account of the Sept O'Mulally is given in the Galway A.rch. Journal,Vol. IV., No. iv. (1905-6) at pp. 198-210.
         ** Blake Family Records, 1st Series at p. 24: Ibid. 2nd Series, p. 168.

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITl'ARY.
17

(11) DONATUS, AHCHBISHOP OF TUAM, 1485.
[See Vol. V1., No. iv. at p. 231].

This was Donatus O'Murray, who was appointed Archbishop of Tuam by Pope Nicholas V. in 1451, in succession to Archbishop John de Burgh (Burke) who died in 1450. It was Archbishop Donatus O'Murray, who by Rescript dated 28th September 1484* constituted tbe ecclesiastical jurisdiction known as the Galway "Collegiate" which was confirmed by a Bull of Pope Innocent VIII. dated the 8th February 1485.*
Archbishop O'Murray died on the 17th January 1485, as appears from a fragmentary Extract made by Sir James Ware from the Obituary Book of the College of St. Nicholas at Galway:(t)

"15 Kalendas Februarii: Obitus Domini Donati Y'Mury, Tuamensis Archiepiscopi, prioris institutoris hujus Collegii ecclesiae, Sancti Nicholai, ordinaria authoritate."

"17 Ja.nuary: Death of Lord Donatus O'Murray, Archbishop of Tuam, the first institutor of the College of the Church of St. Nicholas, by authority, as 'Ordinary.' "

This entry does not give the year in which he died; but it was 1485. None of the Irish Annals record his death.

(12) MAURICE O'FITHEALLY, ARCHBISHOP OF TUAM, 1513.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at page 231].

This great prelate, so celebrated for his learning that he was styled by his contemporaries "Flos Mundi" (Flower of the World), is stated by Sir James Ware (tt) to have been a native of Baltimore, a port in County Cork, from whence he was also called Maurice De Portu. But the accuracy of this is doubtful; ** and I am of opinion that Maurice O'Fihelly was a native of the diocese of Clonfert, in County Galway; and that he was given the designation of De Portu from the Monastery of Clonfert Brendan, near the bank of tbe river Shannon, originally founded at Clonfert by St. Brendan, and afterwards taken over by the Canons Regular of St. Augus

* See Galway Arch. Journal, Vol. VI., No. i. (109-10) at pp. 28, 29.
t The Manuscript of Sir James Ware in which this fragmentary Extract of the Obituary Book of the College of St. Nicholas at Galway is entered, is now preserved in the Bodleian Libra.ry at Oxford, and there catalogued "Rawlinson B. 479. "; the Extract will be found at folio 119b of that Manuscript. The Obituary Book itself of the Collegiate of St, Nicholas at Galway, was unfortunately destroyed or lost between 1652 and 1660.
tt Ware's Works (Harris' Edition, 1764) Vol I., p. 614.
** See Galway Arch. Journal, Vol. IV., No. iv. (1905-6) at pp. 231, 232.

18

GALWAY ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

tine, which monastery was called "Monasterium de Porta Puro."*
Maurice O'Fihelly was educated at Oxford University, and afterwards became a Franciscan Friar: he went to Italy and became Governor of the Franciscan Schools at Milan in 1488, and was Doctor of Theology at Padua University from 1491 to 1505. He was appointed Archbishop of Tuam by Pope Julllius II. in 1506, but he continued to reside in Italy, and was present at the Lateran Council in 1512. The next year he departed for Ireland to take up his duties there as Archbishop of Tuam. and landed in the town of Ga1way, but there he died on the 25th May 1513, shortly after his arrival.
His death is thus recorded in the Annals of Ulster:

"A. D. 151:3: Master Maurice O'Fithcellaigh, Doctor of Divinity, and Friar Minor, the unique cleric of the most fame and consideration that was in the East or West during his time, after being two score years in Italy lecturing and composing glosses on the Scriptures, came to land at Galway, being Archbishop of Tuam: and had a plenary indulgence for every one who should be at his Mass the first day he should arrive at Tuam. And after ordering a certain day for that, and the men of Ireland in great part proceeding to meet him, he died in Galway, to the grief of the men of Ireland after him."

He edited many of the works of John Duns Scotus and wrote numerous treatises upon them. He was also the author of a short treatise entitled "Enchyridion Fidei," published at Venice in 1505, which he dedicated to Gerald Fitzgerald, eighth Earl of Kildare. He also wrote (according to both Ware and Wadding) a "Dictionary to the Holy Scriptures," which, however, extends only down to the letter E. This was first published in Venice in 1603. (t) He was buried in an humble cenotaph in the south side of the choir of the Franciscan Abbey Church at Galway; and his successors in the See of Tuam, Archbishops Thomas O'Mulally and Christopher Bodkin, were buried in the same tomb. This tomb like all the others was destroyed when the Abbey Church was demolished during the Cromwellian occupation of Galway (1652-1660).

* See Galway A.rch. Joumal, Vol. IV., No. iv. (1905-6) at pp. 231, 232. 
t Ware's Works (Harris' Edition) Vol. II., Writers of Ireland, p. 91. But Friar John Sbarale, who wrote a Supplement to Wadding's Writers of the Minorite Order, which Supplement was publbhed at Rome in 1806, considers that this "Dictionary" was the work of another, much earlier, Mauricius Hibernicus, who flourished towards the end of the 13th century (see p. 535 of Sbarale's Supplement).

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
19

(13) RICHARD, SON OF WALTER, DE BURGO, 1509.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 231].

This Richard de Burgo (or Bourke) was the 3rd son of Walter de Burgh, who was Mac William Eighter (Chief of the Lower or Mayo Bourkes) from 1401 to 1440. Richard. was therefore a younger brother of Theobald de Burgo, for whom see ante Note (5). The death of this Richard de Burgo is not noticed in any of the Irish Annals.
(14) LORD RICHARD, JUNIOR, SON OF WILLIAM DE BURGO, 1519.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This Richard oge Burke was Mac William Oughter (Chief of the Upper or Clanricard Burkes of Galway). He was elected Mac William Oughter on the death of his elder brother Ulick Burke (Ulick Finn) "Mac William Oughter" who died in 1509. Both were sons of Ulick Burke "Mac 'William Oughter" styled Ulick ruadh, who died in 1485, son of Ulick Burke "Mac William Oughter" styled Ulick an Fiona (Ulick of the Wine) who died in 1424, son of Richard oge Burke "MacWilliam Oughter," who died in 1387, son of Ulick Burke of Annaghkeen, who died in 1353, third son of Sir William Liath de Burgh, as to whom see ante, Note (3). The death of this Richard Burke is thus recorded in the Annals of Loch Ce:

"A.D. 1519: MacWiliiam of Clanricard, i.e. Richard oge, son of Ulick Burke, a very wealthy opulent man, died."

(15) WALTER DE BURGO, SON OF JOHN, 1503. 
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This Walter de Burgo (or Bourke) was son of John Bourke, who was second son of Thomas oge Bourke "Mac William Eighter" (Chief of the Lower or Mayo Bourkes), usually styled Thomas of Moyne, the founder of the Franciscan Abbey of Moyne in Tirawley, who died in 1460. That Thomas Bourke of Moyne was the 3rd (surviving) son of Sir Thomas de Burgh "Mac William Eighter," who died in 1401, who was eldest (surviving) son of Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh, who died in 1375, who was second son of Sir William Liath de Burgh (see Note 3).
This Walter de Burgo (or Bourke) was slain at the battle of Be-atha-na-garbhan in 1503, which event is thus recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters:

"A.D. 1503: The defeat of Belathanagarbhan was given by MacWiIliam of Clanricard to O'Kelly, and the people of Conmaicne-Cuil (Kilmaine barony): Walter, son of John, son of Thomas Bourke, a distinguished captain, was slain there."

20

GALWAY ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

(16) LORD EDMUND DE BURGO, 1527.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv., at p. 232].

This Edmund de Burgo (or Bourke) was "Mac William Eighter" (Chief of the Lower or Mayo Bourke) from 1520 to his death in 1527. He was eldest son of Ulick Bourke who was second (surviving) son of Edmund Bourke styled Na Fesoige (of the Beard), who died in 1458, who was second (surviving) son of Sir Thomas de Burgh (who died in 1401), who was eldest surviving son of Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh, who died in 1375, who was second son of Sir William Liath de Burgh (see Note 3).
The death of this Edmund de Burgh is only recorded in the Annals of UIster.

"A. D. 1527: MacWilliam Burke, vizt. Edmund died this year, and John (Bourke) 'of the Termon' was made King after him."

        The John Bourke styled "of the Termon" who became "Mac William Eighter" (Chief of the Lower or Mayo Bourkes) in 1527, was son of Meyler Bourke "MacWilliam Eighter," who was slain in 1520 (for whom see ante, Note (8).
Sir Theobald Bourke, styled Tibbot na Long, (Theobald of the ship), who was created Viscount Mayo in 1627, was great grandson of the Edmund Bourke (Mac William Eighter) whose obit in 1527 is here recorded; for Tibbot na Long was son of Sir Richard Bourke (Mac William Eighter), styled Richard an Iarain, son of David Bourke (Mac William Eighter), son of the aforesaid Edmund Bourke (Mac William Eighter) who died in 1527. The peerage of the Viscounts Mayo is now dormant, if not extinct.

(17) ULICK BURKE, 1534.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This Ulick Burke (or Bourke) was "Mac William Eighter''' (Chief of the Lower or Mayo Bourkes) after John "of the Termon," until his own death in 1534. He was eldest son of Edmund Burke "Mac William Eighter" who was slain in 1513 for whom see ante, Note (4). The death of this Ulick Bourke is not recorded in any of the Irish Annals.

	(18) RICHARD (BOURKE) STYLED O'CUAIRSCI, (1479).
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This Richard Bourke was eldest son of Edmund Bourke, Na Fesoige (of the Beard), "Mac William Eighter" (Chief of 
the  Lower or Mayo Bourkes) who died in 1458, who was second (surviving) son of Sir Thomas de Burgh (who died 1401), who

21

Illustration of Richard O'Cuairsci Bourke at 
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~nolenancestry/page1.html

RICHARD, SON OF EDMOND OF THE BEARD.
(i.e. Richard O'Cuairsci Bourke.)

[From a coloured drawing in the Historia et Genealogia Familia de Burgo manuscript.]

GALWAY ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

22

was eldest surviving son of Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh (who died in 1375), who was second son of Sir William Liatth de Burgh. This Richard Bourke was styled "O'Cuairsci" (Cuar Sgiath) i.e. of the bent or round shield. He was elected Mac William Eighter (Chief of the Lower or Mayo Bourkes) in 1469 on the retirement from the chieftaincy of his uncle Richard Bourke of Turlough.
Mr. Hubert Knox in his paper on Grace O'Malley in this Journal,* has shown the untrustworthiness of the tradition which ascribed to Granuaile the incident of the carrying off Lord Howth's young son from Howth into Connaught because she had been refused hospitality at Howth Castle and her afterwards releasing him on condition that Lord Howth should keep the door of the Castle open at dinner time in future.
The incident occurred, but it was Richard O'Cuairsci--not Granuaile-who was concerned in it. Mr. Knox discovered the following note written by Duald MacFirbis in his "Great Book of Genealogies" (preserved in manuscript in the Royal Irish Academy) regarding this Richard O'Cuairsci.

"This is the very same Richard who took the Lord of 'Beann Edair' (the Irish name for Howth) and brought him with him to Tirawley; and there was nougbt else required of him for his ransom, but to keep the door of his Court open at dinner time."

In 1469 Richard O'Cuairsci accompanied Hugh roe O'Donnell Chief of Tyrconnel in an invasion of the territory of MacWilliam Oughter (the Upper MacWilliam or MacWilliam of Clanricard) vizt. Ulick ruadh Burke; a cavalry skirmish between the two forces took place at Ballinduff, and a pitched battle was fought soon after at the river Glanog, a small stream near Cloghanower, in the barony of Clare County Galway: Mac William Oughter (Ulick ruadh Burke), was defeated there; and Mac William Eighter (Richard O'Cuairsci) returned triumphant to Mayo laden with the spoils of Clanricard. In 1470 however, Richard O'Cuairsci was opposed to Hugh roe O'Donnell in a dispute betweeu the O'Conors of Sligo.
The death of Richard O'Cuairsci is not recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters or in the Annals of Loch Ce: but the Annals of Ulster have the following entry of it:
"A.D. 1479: Richard, son of Edmund Burke, namely MacWilliam Eighter, was killed by a fall, this year."

* Galway Arch, Journal, Vol. IV., No. ii, p. 66.

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
23

The Irish author of the Historia et Genealogia Familiae de Burgo sings the praises of Richard O'Cuairsci in the following verses,* which I quote from Hennessy's translation+

" Richard, the son of the other Edmond,(tt)
It was not he that wasted fires;
He received not submission from the blood of Conn, 
The brown nut of the garden of London.
A wild deer's bed that he did not plunder
Was not found in the time of Richard,
In wilds, or in shoulders of glens.
Richard took with great power,
The spoils of Meath, the tribute of Kells;
A man by whom Conn's Tara was cast down;
Its merits are due to the men of Umhall.
The door of the house of Tara-Breagh**
To Lough Mask on Magh-Tuiredh
This star of the table of Knights brougbt
In the same hands, you have heard.
The cauldron of the King of Man, across the sea 
The round-pointed harp of Ben-h'Edhair,§
With the drithlinn of Tara, to his house he (brought), 
And the chess-board of Emania in Ulster."

(19) LORD EDMUND DE BURGO, 1375. 
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This was Sir Edmund de Burgh (or Burke), who was styled Albanagh or The Scot. He was second surviving son of Sir William Liath de Burgh (for whom see ante, Note 5).
Walter de Burgh (or Burke) the eldest son of Sir William Liath de Burgh, on the death of his father (1324), succeeded to his father's position in Connaught. Two years afterwards-in 1326-Richard de Burgh the Red Earl of Ulster died, and was suceeeded by his grandson (son of John de Burgh, who died in the lifetime of his father, the Red Earl in 1313) Sir William de Burgh third (De Burgh) Earl of Ulster, commonly called the Brown Earl.
In the year 1331-2, Walter de Burgh and his kinsman Sir William de Burgh, the Brown Earl, quarrelled; and Walter de Burgh was taken prisoner by the Brown Earl, who imprisoned

*Irish MSS. No. 1440 in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, at folio 15 (dorsa).
	t Hennessy's MS. Translation (in the same Library) of the Historia, etc. De Burgo at p. 46.
tt The other Edmond, i.e. Edmond na Fesoige (of the beard).
** A poetic allusion to the Sovereignty of Ireland.
§ Ben-h'Edair, the Irish name of the Hill of Howth.

24

GALWAY ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

him in the New Castle of Innishowen, in Ulster and there caused him to be starved to death, early in 1332. In revenge for the munler of Walter de Burgh, Sir William de Burgh the Brown Earl was himself treacherously murdered on the 6th July 1833 near Knockfergus, by Richard de Mandeville and others, at the instigation of Gylle Burke, sister of Walter de Burgh, who had married Richard de Mandeville. The Brown Earl left no son, and his eldest daughter Elizabeth de Burgh, then (1333) an infant aged one year, became his heiress.
On the 6th of September 1333, Sir Edmund de Burgh, the then senior surviving son of Richard de Burgh, the Red Earl and uncle of the late Sir William de Burgh, the Brown Earl, obtained a grant of the Connaught possessions of Elizabeth de Burgh the infant Countess of Ulster to hold as trustee during her minority.
In 1335 Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh came into conflict with his kinsman the other Sir Edmund de Burgh (the Red Earl's son). This is about the time we first get notice of Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh, in the Irish Annals; he had no doubt succeeded to the position in Connaught of his elder brother, Walter de Burgh upon the latter's murder in 1332. On the 19th April 1338, Sir Edmund de Burgh (the Red Earl's son) was taken prisoner by Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh and by Raymond de Burgh, brother to Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh, in the house of the Friars at Ballinrobe, and was conyeyed first to Lough Mask Castle, then to Ballynonagh Castle, and thence to an island in Lough Mask, "where a certain family of the Stauntons, miserably turned him" (Edmund de Burgh the Red Earl's son) "into a sack, and haviug tied stones thereto, threw him into Lough Mask."* Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh, and his brother Raymond de Burgh, did not actuctlly participate in, or sanction, this murder of their kinsman, which was effected by tbe Stauntons on their own responsibility. This murder of Edmund de Burgh (the Red Earl's son) brought about the total destruction of the authority of the English Sovereign (King Edward III.) in Connaught.
Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh, immediately after its occurrence, fled to the islands off the west coast of Connaught. However on the 14th March 1340, (t) Sir Edmund Albanagh de

* O'Flaherty's Iar Connaught by Hardiman at p. 47. 
t Patent Rolls, Edward IlL, 1338-40 at p. 440.

GALWAY FRANCISCAN OBITUARY.
25

Burgh and his brother Raymond, were granted the King's pardon for the death of Sir Edmund de Burgh (the Red Earl's son) and for all other felonies. After this, Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh asserted and maintained his own supremacy among the Anglo Norman settlers in Mayo, though the Anglo Norman family of Prendergast or Fitzgerald (who were styled by the Irish the ClanMaurice) located in the barony of Clanmorris, County Mayo, strenuously resisted him. Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh was also opposed by the Burkes of Upper Connaught, that is to say the Burkes of County Galway who were then styled the ClanRicard Burkes. But in 1366 Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh thoroughly beat down the ClanRicard Burkes; this is best related in the Annals of Ulster:

"A.D. 1366: Great war arose between the Foreigners of Connacht: tbe Clan-Maurice were expelled by the MacWilliam,* and they went to the Clan-Ricard: and a great hosting was made by MacWilliam* . . . . into Upper Connacht against the Clan-Ricard. Many of the men of Munster rose out to join with the Clan-Ricard; and they were a quarter of a year fighting against one another: but sway was got by MacWilliam* at the end; and the pledges (hostages) of Clan-Ricard were taken by him; and he himself came with spirit and force from that expedition."

This is the last remarkable record in the career of Sir Edmund Alhanagh de Burgh. He died in 1375 as the obit in the Register of the Franciscan Abbey at Galway records, though it is inaccurate in describing him as the father of William (or Ulick) and of Richard O'Cuairsci Bourke, for he was their great grandfather. The word "pater" is doubtless used in the sense of progenitor. His death is thus recorded in the Annals of Ulster:

"A.D. 1375: MacWilliam Burke, namely Edmund Albanagh, head of the courage and prowess of the Foreigners, and Emperor of benevolence, died of the glandular disease, in his own house, after gaining ,victory from the demon."

He was a benefactor of the Abbey of Cong, as appears from the following entry in an old Rental of Cong Abbey(t) drawn up in 1501 by Tadhg O'Duffey a monk there:

" Item, Edmundus Scotorum filius Ullielmi de Burgo militis, donavit quartarium terre que vocatur Ardnagross, monasterio dicto, et semivillam de Lioslachane."

"Item, Edmund of the Scots, son of William de Burgo, knight, gave the quarter of land called Ardnagross, and the half townland of Lioslachane (Lisloughry) to the said monastery."

* "MacWiIliam," i.e. Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh.
t See Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Vol. XXV., p. 132.

26

Illustration of Edmond Albanagh at:
 
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~nolenancestry/page1.html

EDMOND ALBANAGH, SON OF SIR WILLIAM DE BURGH.

[From a coloured drawing in the Historia et Genealogia Familia de Burgo manuscript.]

GALWAY FRANC'ISCAN OBITl'ARY.
27

	I do not know' where Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh was buried; but he was not interred at Athenry Abbey like his father Sir William Liath de Burgh.
It is stated in Lodge's Peerage (Archdall's Edition 1789)* that Sir Edmund Albanagh de Burgh was twice married; his first wife being Sabina (Sadhbh), daughter of Dermot O'Malley, of the Owles (Burrishoole), County :Mayo; and his second wife being Finola O'Kelly, daughter of Donagh O'Kelly, Chief of his name. As regards the latter, this statement is borne out by the Annals of Clonmacnoise which record her death in 1380:

"A.D. 1380: The Lady Fynola, O'Kellye's daughter and MacWilliam Burke's wife, died."

(20) LORD WILLIAM DE BURGO, 1520. 
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This William (or Ulick) Burke, was elected Mac William Oughter (Chief of the Upper or Clanricard Burkes of Galway) in 1519 on the death of his uncle Richard oge Burke, as to whom, see ante, Note (14).
This William (or Ulick) Burke was eldest son of William (or Ulick) Burke (Ulick Finn) Mac William Oughter, who died in 1509. He died without issue in the same year (1520), in which the Deed here recorded was made.
(21) LORD RICHARD DE BURGO, 1520.
[See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 233].

This Richard Burke was younger brother of the William (or Ulick) Burke, referred to in Note (20). He was elected MacWilliam Oughter (Chief of the Upper or Clanricard Burkes) on the death of his brother in 1520. This Richard Burke died in 1530, as is recorded in the Register of the Dominican Abbey of Athenry, to which Abbey he was a benefactor, and he was there interred.
(22) JOHN DE BURGO, TANIST OF CLANRICARD, 1522.
 [See Vol. VI., No. iv. at p. 232].

This John Burke was son of Richard, son of Edmund, fourth son of Ulick ruadh Burke, MacWilliam Oughter (who died 1485). This John Burke was Tanist. i.e. next in succession to the Chieftainship of Clanricard, in 1522; and was elected MacWilliam Oughter (Chief of the Upper or Clanricard Burkes) in 1530, on the death of Richard Burke, as to whom see Note (21).
This John Burke died in 1536.

* Vol. III , p. 415.

28

GALWAY ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

(:23) GERALD, SON OF GARRET
[See Vol. VI, No. iv. at p. 323].

	This was Gerald Fitzgeald who died in 1580 in the lifetime of his father Gerald, 11th Earl of Kildare (the Wizard Earl).
The pedigree here recorded is correctly given up to Johnikin, who was sixth Earl of Kildare, and was nick-named.
"Cam"-The Crooked-but this Johnikin was not son of Garret-as this record states-but was son of Maurice (Fitzgerald) fourth Earl of Kildare, who died in 1390. The earlier part of the pedigree here recorded is also very inaccurate.
The Franciscan Monastery of Youghal was founded in 1231 or 1232, by Maurice Fitzgerald 2nd Baron Offaly, who died in that monastery in 1257, leaving issue three sons, of whom the third, Thomas Fitz Maurice, was father of .John Fitz Thomas (Fitzgerald) 6th Baron Offaly who was created Earl of Kildare in 1316.
Mlaurice Fitzgerald 2nd Baron Offaly, the founder of Youghall Monastery, "as the son of Gerald 1st Baron Offaly who was the second son of Maurice Fitzgerald, the first of the Geraldines who came into Ireland, in 1169. That last named Maurice Fitzgerald was son of Gerald (Fitz Walter) the constable of Pembroke Castle in the reign of King Henry, I., and possibly it was from that Gerald that the Irish Geraldines came to derive their patronymic " Fitzgerald."

[On my own behalf and that of the readers of this Journal, I desire to return thanks to the authorities of Trinity College, Dublin, for their permission, generously accorded, to have some of the coloured drawings in the Irish MS. "Historia et Genealogia Familie de Burgo," photographed, and reproduced in this Journal.]