He was born in 1832/33. [sources: date: 3 (28 in 1861)]
He enlisted and was mustered into service as a private on 21 August 1861, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a private, in company F. [sources: 1, 3 [21 Nov 61), 4]
He was transferred on 4 December 1861 to company D. [sources: 1, 2, 3]
Bates has no reference to him in company D. The company D records do not mention him. According to the index to compiled service records, when discharged, he was a private in company F. [sources: 1, 3, 4]
1 Bates, Samuel Penniman. History of Pennsylvania volunteers, 1861-5. Harrisburg: B. Singerly, state printer, 1869-71. 5 volumes. 'Ninety-first regiment', volume 3, pages 186-233. (In the roster) (Thomas Williams)
2 company F, register of men transferred (Thomas Williams)
3 Civil War Veterans' Card File, available at the Pennsylvania State Archives, searched 7 January 2005 (Thomas Williams)
4 index to compiled service records of volunteer Union soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Pennsylvania (Thomas Williams)