A. WHOLE WORKS and WORKS CONTAINING
CHAPTERS ON THE PORTUGUESE OF TRINIDAD AND
TOBAGO
Anthony, Michael.
Heroes of the People of Trinidad & Tobago.
Port-of-Spain: Circle Press, 1986.
___. First in Trinidad. Port-of-Spain: Circle Press,
1989.
Comma, Carlton N. Who's Who in Trinidad & Tobago.
Port-of-Spain: Caribbean Printers Ltd., 1966.
___. Who's Who in Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago. 2d. ed. Port-of-Spain: Carib Printers Ltd.,
1973.
Cothonay, R.P.M. Bertrand, O.P. Trinidad Journal d'un
missionaire dominicain des Antilles anglaises. Paris:
Victor Retaux et fils, Librairies-Editeurs, 1893. [See
also Fortuné, Ant.]
de Boissière, Jean. Trinidad: Land of the Rising
Inflexion. Port-of-Spain: n.p., [c.1945].
Ferreira, Jo-Anne S. Some Aspects of Portuguese Immigration
into Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago Tobago. OPReP
Newsletter 8 (December 1989): 35.
___. The Portuguese of Trinidad. The Book of
Trinidad, edited by Gérard A. Besson, and Bridget
M. Brereton. Port-of-Spain: Paria Publishing Company Ltd.,
1991. 263-69.
___. Do Atlântico às Antilhas: O Caso da
Trinidad. Trans. Miguel Vale de Almeida. Islenha 19
(June to December 1996): 95-107.
___.The Portuguese of Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago: Portrait of an Ethnic Minority. St. Augustine:
Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the
West Indies, 1994.
___. The Portuguese Language in Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago: A Study of Language Shift and Language Death. Ph.D.
diss., University of the West Indies, St. Augustine,
1999.
Fortuné, Ant[oine], trans. Our Lady of
Laventille (Notre Dame de Laventille) or the Origin of a
Pilgrimage in the West Indies. By A Dominican Missionary
in Trinidad. Port-of-Spain: Catholic News Printing Office,
1938. [See also Cothonay, R.P.M. Bertrand.]
Gomes, Albert Maria. Through a Maze of Colour.
London: New Beacon, 1968.
[See also foreword by Brinsley Samaroo.]
___. All Papa's Children. Surrey: Cairi Publishing
House, 1978.
___. Selected Political Speeches. Mimeograph. N.p.,
n.d.
___. I Am an Immigrant. In Salkey, Andrew, ed.
Anthology.
The Historical Society of Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago. Publication No. 796. A Petition from Certain
Portuguese Colonists to the Governor of Trinidad, 1835.
Reprint. Hodgson, Studholme. Truths from the West
Indies, 1838.
___. Publication No. 797. A Petition from Josef da Costa, a
Portuguese, to the Governor of Trinidad, 1835. Reprint.
Hodgson, Studholme. Truths from the West Indies,
1838.
Mendes, Alfred H. Pitch Lake: A Story from Trinidad.
London: Duckworth, 1934. Reprint. London: New Beacon Books
Ltd., 1980.
[See also preface by Kenneth Ramchand.]
Milne, Anthony. On Behalf of the Portuguese. Trinidad
Express, 23 November 1989.
___. From Madeira to Trinidad. Trinidad Express, 24
May 1992.
___. Remembering Things Gone By. Trinidad Express, 21
November 1989.
Preddie-St. Clair, Edith. The World of Alfred Mendes: A
Critical Study of the Novels Pitch Lake and Black
Fauns, and Other Short Stories. Undergraduate
unpublished Caribbean Studies Project, University of the
West Indies, St. Augustine, 1994.
Ramchand, Kenneth. The Alfred Mendes Story (published in
three parts). Tapia 7.22 (May 1977); 7.23 (June
1977); 7.24 (June 1977).
___. Introduction. Pitch Lake: A Story from Trinidad.
By Alfred Mendes. London: New Beacon Books Ltd., 1980.
ixiii.
Reis, Charles. Brief History of the
Associação Portuguesa Primeiro de
Dezembro. Port-of-Spain: Franklin's Electric Printery,
1926. Reprint. Port-of-Spain: Board of Management of the
Associação Portuguesa Primeiro de Dezembro,
1992 (pp. 95-101 missing from reprint).
___. Associação Portugueza Primeiro de
Dezembro. Port-of-Spain: Yuille's Printery, 1945.
Ries/Reis, Monica Maria Pestana. Memories, Jokes and
Tips. Port-of-Spain: Privately printed, 1984.
Samaroo, Brinsley. The Portuguese Community. ms.
Port-of-Spain: n.p., 15 May 1983.
___. The Portuguese in Trinidad. ts. Port-of-Spain: GBU
(Government Broadcasting Unit) Broadcast, c.1973.
___. Foreword. Through a Maze of Colour. By Albert
Maria Gomes. London: New Beacon Books Ltd., 1968.
ix-xvi.
Sander, Reinhard. Alfred Mendes. Chapter in Fifty
Caribbean Writers, edited by Daryl Cumber Dance. N.Y.:
Greenwood Press, 1986.
___. From Trinidad: An Anthology of Early West Indian
Writing. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1978.
___. The Trinidad Awakening: West Indian Literature of
the Nineteen-Thirties. New York: Greenwood Press,
1988.
[See Chapter 4: Alfred H. Mendes: The Sympathetic
Observer, 7190.]
Smith, Lloyd Sydney, ed. Trinidad Who, What, Why.
Port-of-Spain: L.S. Smith, 1950.
___. The British Caribbean Who, What, Why, 1955-1956.
Port-of-Spain: L.S. Smith, 1956.
Smith, Lloyd Sydney, Jr., ed. The Caribbean Who, What,
Why: the Commonwealth Caribbean, 1968-1971. 4th. ed.
Port-of-Spain: L.S. Smith Jr., 1969.
Vale de Almeida, Miguel. Ser Português na Trinidad:
Etnicidade, Subjectividade e Poder.
Etnográfica 1.1 (1997): 9-31.
___. Um Mar da Cor da Terra: Raça, Cultura, e
Política da Identidade. Lisbon: Celta Editora,
2000. (Ch.1, pages 1-25 are the same as the above
article.)
Walcott, Anna. From Madeira to Trinidad. The Sunday
Guardian, 30 February 1993.
Wills, Leslee and Claire Holder. The Caribbean Jigsaw: A
Portuguese View Review of Mendes Pitch Lake. The
Race Today Review, edited by Darcus Howe and Linton
Kwesi Johnson. December 1981/January 1982.
B.
THE PORTUGUESE PRESBYTERIANS IN TRINIDAD
Cameron, Hugh Eliot. One
Hundred and Twenty-Five Years of Service. The St. Ann's
Church of Scotland, Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago Tobago,
1972.
___. A Living Monument A Historical Note. Church of
Scotland Newsletter. Port-of-Spain: Greyfriars Church of
Scotland, 1980.
Earle, Gilbert. A By-Path of Presbyterian Missions in the
West Indies. The Trinidad Presbyterian, June 1923:
9-10. Reprinted from East and West, Canada.
Franklin, C.B. After Many Days: A Memoir, being a Sketch
in the Life and Labours of Reverend Alexander Kennedy, First
Presbyterian Missionary to Trinidad, Founder of Greyfriars
Church and its Pastor for Fourteen Years: January 1836 -
December 1849. Port-of-Spain: Franklin Electric
Printery, 1910.
___. Seventy-Fifth Anniversary of the Building of St. Ann's
Presbyterian Church 1854-1929 A Historical Sketch. The
Trinidad Presbyterian, June 1929: 9-12.
___. An Eighty-Seven Year Reminiscence: Flight of the
Portuguese from Madeira in 1846. An address delivered at St.
Ann's Church of Scotland on 17 September 1933. [The
Trinidad Presbyterian, September 1933?]
___. St. Ann's Church of Scotland Centennial Sketch
1846-1946. Port-of-Spain: Guardian Commercial Printery,
1946.
Rutherford, Brian C., ed. Greyfriars of Trinidad
1837-1937: A Historical Sketch of the Congregation of
Greyfriars Church of Scotland, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, to
mark the 150th Anniversary. Port-of-Spain: Greyfriars
Church of Scotland, 1987.
C.
SEPHARDIC JEWS
Arbell, Mordechai. The
Failure of the Jewish Settlement in the Island of Tobago.
Los Muestros 16 (September 1994): 14-16.
Farah, Donna. The Jewish Community in Trinidad 1930s-70s.
Unpublished undergraduate Caribbean Studies Project,
University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, 1991.
Hyamson, Albert. M. The Sephardim of England A History of
the Spanish and Portuguese Jewish Community 1492-1951.
London: Methuen and Company Ltd., 1951.
D.
GENERAL BACKGROUND READING
1. NEWSPAPERS AND
YEARBOOKS
Penny Cuts
Port of Spain Gazette
Trinidad Guardian
Trinidad Sentinel
Trinidad Spectator
The Trinidad Official and Commercial Register and
Almanack (1866-1879).
The Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago Tobago Year Book
(1900-1969).
2. OTHER
WORKS
Barty-King, Hugh and Anton
Massel. Rum: Yesterday and Today. London: W.
Heinemann Ltd., 1983.
Brathwaite, Lloyd. Social Stratification in Trinidad: A
Preliminary Analysis. Social and Economic Studies.
Reprint. Kingston: Institute of Social and Economic
Research, University of the West Indies, 1975.
Brereton, Bridget M. Race Relations in Colonial Trinidad
1870-1900. London: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
___. History of Modern Trinidad 1783-1962. London:
Heinemann Educational Books, 1981.
___. Social Organisation and Class, Racial and Cultural
Conflict in Nineteenth Century Trinidad. Trinidad
Ethnicity, edited by Kevin A. Yelvington. Knoxville:
University of Tennessee Press, 1993. 33-55.
Burkett, Algernon A. Trinidad A Jewel of the West or One
Hundred Years of British Rule. Port-of-Spain: Privately
printed, 1914.
Burnley, W.H. Observations on the Present Condition of
the Island of Trinidad. London: n.p., 1842.
Campbell, Carl. Immigration into a Divided Society: a Note
on Social Relationships in Trinidad 1846-1870. m.s. U.W.I,
St. Augustine.
Carmichael, Gertrude. The History of the West Indian
Islands of Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago Tobago
1498-1900. London: Alvin Redman Ltd., 1961.
Carrington, Lawrence D., C.B. Borely and H.E. Knight.
Linguistic Exposure of Trinidadian Children. Caribbean
Journal of Education, June 1974.
Coleridge, Henry Nelson. Six Months in the West Indies in
1825. London: John Murray, 1826.
Collens, J.H. A Guide to Trinidad: A Handbook for the Use
of Tourists and Visitors. 2d. ed. London, 1888.
Day, Charles William. Five Years Residence in the West
Indies. London: Colburn, 1852.
Fraser, L.M. History of Trinidad. 2 Vols.
Port-of-Spain: n.p, 1891. [1992]
Gamble, Rev. W.H. Trinidad Historical and Descriptive
Being a Narrative of Nine Years Residence in the Island with
Special Reference to Christian Missions. London: Yates
and Alexander, 1866.
Gonzalez, Anson John. Race and Colour in the
Pre-Independence Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago Tobago Novel.
M.Phil. diss., University of the West Indies, St. Augustine,
1982.
Hart, D. Trinidad and Other West Indian Islands and
Colonies. Port-of-Spain: n.p., 1866.
Hearn Lafcadio. Two Years in the French West Indies.
Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Literature House and Gregg Press,
1970.
Herskovits, M.J. and F. Trinidad Village. N.Y.:
Alfred A. Knopf, 1940.
Higgs, David, ed. Portuguese Migration in Global
Perspective. Toronto: Multicultural History Society of
Ontario, 1990.
Humphry, Derek. False Messiah The Story of Michael X.
London: Hart-Davis, MacGibbon Ltd., 1977.
Innis, L.O. Trinidad and Trinidadians; A collection of
Papers, Historical, Social and Descriptive, about Trinidad
and Its Peoples. Port-of-Spain.: n.p., 1910.
___. Reminiscences of Old Trinidad. Port-of-Spain:
n.p., 1932.
Jackson, T.B., ed. The Book of Trinidad.
Port-of-Spain: n.p., 1904.
Laurence, Keith O. Immigration into Trinidad and British
Guiana 1834-1871. 2 vols. Ph.D. diss., University of
Cambridge, 1958.
___. Immigration into the West Indies in the Nineteenth
Century. Bucks.: Ginn and Co. Ltd., 1971.
Lowenthal, David. West Indian Societies. N.Y.: Oxford
University Press, for the Institute of Race Relations,
1972.
Maingot, A.P. Nineteenth Century Trinidad: A Discussion of
the Relative Position of the French Creole Group in the
Society. M.A. Thesis, University of Puerto Rico, 1962.
Malik, Michael Abdul. From Michael de Freitas to Michael
X. London: André Deutsch, 1968.
McCallum, P. Travels in Trinidad during the Months of
February, March and April, 1803. Liverpool, 1805.
Sharp, James. The Life and Death of Michael X.
Waterford: Uni Books, 1981.
Williams, Eric. The History of the People of Trinidad and
Tobago. Port-of-Spain: P.N.M. Publishing Company Ltd.,
1962.
Wood, Donald. Trinidad in Transition. London: Oxford
University Press, for the Institute of Race Relations,
1968.
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BERMUDA
Marirea Mudd, Patricia.
Portuguese Bermudians 1849-1949. Louisville, KY:
Historical Research Publishers, 1992.
BRAZIL
Klein, Herbert. The Social
and Economic Integration of Portuguese Immigrants in Brazil
in the Late Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Journal
of Latin American Studies 23 (Pt. 2): 309338 (May
1991).
CANADA
Marques, Domingos and
João Medeiros. Portuguese Immigrants: 25 Years in
Canada. Toronto: West End Y.M.C.A., 1980
U.S.A.
Andrade, Laurinda C.
The Open Door. New Bedford, MA., 1968.
(Autobiography.)
Baganha, Maria Ioannis Beis. Portuguese Emigration to the
United States 1820-1930. N.Y.: Garland Publishers,
1990.
Bannick, Christian John. Portuguese Immigration to the
United States: Its Distribution and Status. San
Francisco: R & E Research Associates, 1971. (M.Sc.
thesis in Economics, University of California.)
Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta and Maria Velho da
Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. New
York, 1976.
Brettell, Caroline. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait:
Population and History in a Portuguese Parish.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986.
Cardozo, Manuel da Silveira Soares. The Portuguese in
America 590 B.C. 1974 A Chronology and Fact Book. Dobbs
Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publishers, 1976.
Cortes, Carlos E. Portuguese-Americans and
Spanish-Americans. N.Y.: Arno Press, 1980.
Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugueses na América do
Norte. Lisbon: Peregrinação,
1983-1987.
dos Santos, Benedicta Quirino. Portuguese Yankees,
Americas V (August 1953), 20-24.
Estep, Gerald Allen. Portuguese Assimilation in Hawaii and
California. Sociology and Social Research XXVI (1),
Sept. Oct. 1941.
___. Social Placement of the Portuguese in Hawaii as
Indicated by Factors in Assimilation. San Francisco: R
& E Research Associates, 1974.
Garside, Edward B. Cranberry Red. Boston, 1938.
Glick, C.E. The Portuguese Family System. M.s., Department
of Sociology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 1931.
Gomes, Peter J. Plymouth and Some Portuguese. In They
Knew They Were Pilgrims, edited by L.D. Geller, 179-186.
New York, 1971.
Gouveia, Anna Martins and Margaret F. Araujo. From
Madeira to the Sandwich Islands: the Story of a Portuguese
Family in Hawaii. Hawaii Univ., Honolulu: Ethnic
Resource Center for the Pacific, 1975.
Holmes, Urban Tigner, Jr., in One America: the History,
Contributions and Present Problems of Our Racial and
National Minorities, edited by Francis James Brown and
Joseph Slabey Roucek. N.Y.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1937,
1945.
Lang, Henry R. The Portuguese Element in New England.
Journal of American Folklore 5: 9-18 (1892).
Leder, Hans Howard. Cultural Persistence in a
Portuguese-American Community. N.Y.: Arno Press,
1980.
Levinger, Lee. A History of the Jews in the United
States. Cincinnati: Union of American Hebrew
Congregations, 1930.
Lincoln, Joseph C. The Portygee. New York, 1920.
Lopes, Belmira Nunes. A Portuguese Colonial in America,
Belmira Nunes Lopes: The Autobiography of a Cape Verdean
American. Pittsburgh: Latin American Literary Review
Press, 1982.
Mazzatenta, O. Louis. New England's Little Portugal,
National Geographic 147 (January 1975), 90-109.
Oliver, Lawrence. Never Backward: the Autobiography of
Lawrence Oliver, a Portuguese-American, edited by Rita
Larkin Wolin. San Diego: San Diego Historical Society,
1972.
Pap, Leo. Portuguese Pioneers and Early Immigrants in North
America. Actas, V. Colóquio Internacional de
Estudos Luso-Brasileiros I (5-15). Coimbra, 1965.
___. The Portuguese-Americans. Boston: Twayne
Publishers, 1981.
Ribeiro, José Luis. Portuguese Immigrants and
Education. Bristol, RI.: Portuguese-American Federation,
1982.
Rogers, Francis Millet. Americans of Portuguese Descent:
A Lesson in Differentiation. Beverly Hills, CA.: Sage
Publications, 1974.
___. The Portuguese of Southeastern New England: Suggestions
for Research, Luso-Brazilian Review XI (Summer 1974),
3-18.
___. The Portuguese Experience in the United States: Double
Melt or Minority Group? The Journal of the American
Portuguese Society, X (Spring 1976), 1-15.
___. The Portuguese Heritage of John Dos Passos.
Boston: Portuguese Continental Union of the United States of
America, 19??.
Smith, Estellie M. Portuguese Enclaves: The Invisible
Minority. In Social and Cultural Identity: Problems of
Persistence and Change Proceedings of the Southern
Anthropological Society, No. 8, edited by Thomas K.
Fitzgerald, 80-91. University of Georgia, 1974.
Soares, Celestino. California and the Portuguese: How the
Portuguese Helped to Build Up California. Lisbon,
1939.
Taft, Donald. Two Portuguese Communities in New
England. N.Y.: Columbia University, 1923.
Tavares, Belmira E. Portuguese Pioneers in the United
States. Fall River, MA., 1973.
Vaz, August Mark. The Portuguese in California.
Oakland, CA., 1965.
___. The Portuguese: A Study in Immigration Patterns.
Prepared for Use by the San Leandro Unified School District,
1971.
Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Portuguese Folk Music
Instruments. Atlantis 7 (3): (May/June 1987).
Vorse, Mary Heaton. The Portuguese of Provincetown, The
Outlook 97 (24 February 1911), 409-416.
Wiernik, Peter. History of the Jews of America, 7799.
N.Y.: Jewish Press Publishing Co., 1912.
Wolforth, Sandra. The Portuguese in America. San
Francisco: R & E Research Associates, 1978.
Wolfson, Victor. Cabral. New York, 1972.
Zora, Manuel. The Sea Fox: Confessions of Cape Cods Most
Colourful Rumrunner. New York, 1956.
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