The Earth Shook - The City Burned

The Earth Shook - The City Burned

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Early in the morning of April 18, 1906, I was awakened by a tremendous shock. I jumped out of bed just in time to see my mother (Jennie Duffy) rush across the room to grab a lighted kerosene lamp that was doing a tap dance on the table. She rescued it just in time, for if it had fallen to the floor it would have set the house on fire.

I called, "Mom, what is it?" She said, "Its an earthquake." Dad (William J. Duffy, Sr.) came rushing out of the bedroom where he was dressing. He said excitedly, "Look at the mountain. See if Mount Tamalpais is erupting." I ran to the back window to view the mountain. It was calm and clear as usual. I looked out at the bay. The water was quite choppy, but there was no wind. There was a family below our house where three girls lived. I saw them run out into the yard in their nightgowns. They kneeled down in the garden and started to pray.

Loud shouting came from within the prison. The thousands of prisoners were locked in cells in buildings built of brick and stone. They expected the buildings to collapse and wanted to get out of the cells. The earthquake lasted less than a minute, but to those who experienced it, it was undoubtedly the longest minute of their lives.

Damage to buildings at San Quentin was minor, and even the stone and brick buildings of the prison withstood the shock very well. In the residential area a few brick chimneys were twisted and a few water mains broken.

Rumors started coming in over telegraph, lasting all that day and the next. Word came that Santa Rosa was completely destroyed and San Jose was in shambles. San Francisco was on fire and hundreds of people were killed by collapsing buildings. New York City had sunken into the Atlantic Ocean. Some of these rumors were true. Santa Rosa was badly damaged, as was San Jose. San Francisco was in flames and with water mains broken, it was impossible to stop the hundreds of fires that had broken out. The earthquake was on the San Andreas fault, and was thus localized. The San Francisco fires were completely out of control and many buildings had collapsed. The New York rumor proved to be false, obviously.

Transportation across the bay was intermittent and many refugees were trying to get out of San Francisco. Families, with what few things they could salvage, went west to Golden Gate Park. The Army at the Presidio was alerted and set up tents in the park.

The militia was called out and the city was placed under martial law to prevent looting of stores and homes. Late on the first day our sister, Ethel, and her husband, John Turner, who were living in San Francisco at the time, got to the ferry and made their way to San Quentin. Ethel had married John Kenneth Turner. Their apartment was burned the first day of the fire. It was on Market Street.

Firemen and soldiers dynamited many buildings in an effort to keep the flames from leaping across streets. Whole blocks were lowered in this manner. We at San Quentin could see the smoke from the fire and a red sky at night, but we wanted a better look, so some of us got a row boat and rowed across the bay to Paradise Cove and then walked to the top of the hill where we could look across to the fire in San Francisco. Vast walls of flame, reaching high in the sky was the horizon that we saw. At night this was spectacular.

On the third day, with great efforts being made to stop the spread of the fire westward, the wind shifted and the fire was brought under control. But the main part of San Francisco, particularly the business section, was a complete ruin.

The attitude of the people was marvelous. They were ready to pitch in and start rebuilding, even before the sidewalks cooled off. "These are the Damndest, Finest, Most Precious Ruins you can find anywhere" was the general attitude.

Author: William J. Duffy, Jr.

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Last Revisions March 2001