Part of the
Acorn Archive
Hearts of Oak
Colliers, Coaling and Temperley
Transporters
30th June 1852 JOHN
BOWES was launched by the General Iron Screw Collier Company.
She was the first steam driven
iron screw collier in the world. She had a double bottom to carry water
ballast, which was pumped out by her main engine prior to loading cargo. This
saved time and money in loading solid ballast and having to pay for the ballast
to be dumped.
She had a 60 foot long
hatch to allow quick and safe loading.
John Bowes
JOHN BOWES
Single screw Iron hull steamship; 437 grt; 150 ft x 25.7
ft x 15.6 ft
Engines originally 2.35 hp steam engines geared to one
shaft; 9 knots. Re-engined 1864 and 1883.
Entered service in July 1852. She could make the round
trip between the Tyne and London in 5 days and could carry 650 tons of coal. This was as much as two sail colliers would
achieve in a month.
Her clipper stem was later altered. Originally owned by
Iron Screw Collier Co, she was sold off in 1898 to Norwegian owners, and then
to Sweden and then to Spain, when she was renamed VILLA SEGAS;
November 1933, she was in voyage with a cargo of ore, and
foundered in a gale.
~~~~~o~~~o~~~~~
TEMPERLEY TRANSPORTERS
One of the most innovative,
influential and useful inventions to speed up and reduce physical effort
and reduce injury to both men
and ships was the Temperley Transporter.
It was invented and Patented
by John Ridley Temperley and Joseph Temperley.
A page will be added on the
family, but briefly ….
John Ridley Temperley was
involved with the development of the Brennan Torpedo.
Henry Temperley was a part of
the well known Maritime Solicitors Botterel, Roche & Temperley.
The other members of the family
were involved in their Shipping companies,
wrote books on The Merchant
Shipping Acts, as well as being very successful merchants.
Devices for coaling a ship
were largely dependent upon so many factors that would prevent the ship from
going about its normal activity; it could also place the ship in danger.
Of the appliances that were
available, the most efficient was the Temperley Transporter.
For More Details of their installation and Coaling ships.
It consisted of a long beam or girder of steel, which was
hoisted by the ship's derrick so that one end hung over the hold of the
collier, with an inclination in that direction, and the other over a position
on the ship's deck convenient for the reception of the coal.
On the underside of the girder, ran a travelling
apparatus, fitted with a sheave through
which ran a steel hawser. The traveller being run out to the extremity of the girder, the hawser, which is furnished
with a hook, is lowered into the hold of the collier where ten or twelve 2
hundredweight bags are attached to it. The bags are then hoisted up to the
traveller, and as soon as they reach the the traveller itself, it is drawn
inboard by the same hawser. The traveller is stopped over the point at which
the coal is to be received on deck, and then the bags are lowered on to the
deck. The traveller runs back out on its own, due to its own weight, to receive
a fresh load. More than a ton of coal can be moved from collier to ship in a
minute.
One man is required to work the hoist on the collier,
while 20 men will be in the hold filling the bags and delivering them to the
deck, where 5 or so will transfer the bags to the lift. One or two men suffice
for the overhead work; their station is in the trestle trees. On board the
receiving ship a few men will be stationed at the shear head to empty the bags
into a canvas shoot, and then return them, while there will be the usual force
of bunker trimmers.
ONE DAY'S COALING - 23rd July 1899
Admiralty
figures for 23rdJuly1899 revealed that in one day’s coaling, it
little mattered as to the ship’s complement, or size, it depended on whether or
not they had Temperley transporters ( and that depended on the suitabilty of
the hatches ) and the efficiency at which each crew could operate, as well as
the ship’s arrangements for taking on coal.
Battleships
:
MARS
complement 774 took on 582 tons at
131.77 per hour.
MAJESTIC
complement 833 took on 500 tons at 109.09 tons per hour.
The
eight Battleships took on a total of 4,017 tons.
Cruisers
:
ARETHUSA,
with 313 complement, took on 276 tons at 92.51 tons per hour. DIADEM with 705
complement, took on 675 tons at 91.5 tons per hour.
NIOBE
complement 685 took on 800 tons at 84.2 tons per hour.
The 18
cruisers took on a total of 6,561 tons
This
averaged out to 66 tons per hour for each of the 26 ships coaled that day. The
total coaling for the day on these 26 ships was 10,578 tons.
~~~~~o~~~o~~~~~
The
Times 2nd January 1920
Naval
Intelligence
From Coal to Oil
A sign
of the change from the use of coal to oil in the Navy is afforded by the
decision to dispose of the whole of the surplus stock of temperley transports,
with the exception of a reserve of 12 serviceable ones, of 55 ft or over,
complete with travellers, which is to be maintained at Pembroke. Home dockyards
are to report to the Admiralty what surplus transports and spare gear they have
in stock, in order that arrangements may be made for sale by the Disposal
Board. The stocks of transports at foreign dockyards are to be sent to England
for disposal if free freight offers at an early date, otherwise they are to be
disposed of locally to the best advantage.
~~~~~o~~~o~~~~~
ADMIRALTY COLLIERS to OIL
Although the Admiralty had certain
Admiralty Colliers, they would often charter out. In 1874 the Temperley Vessel
SCOTLAND was chartered by the Admiralty for supplies to the Far East.
SS KHARKI ON 112680; Built 1899, Purchased 1900; operated as a Collier
and was converted to carry oil
in 1906.
1,430 tons; 775 hp; 13 knots; Carried
90 tons of fuel.
After the Great War the
Admiralty, only operated one collier,
the MERCEDES Built 1901;
Purchased 1908;
9,930 tons; 350 ft x 50 ft x
28 feet; 2,350 hp; 9 knots.
She could carry 750/1603 tons
of coal.
One of the Admiralty Oilers,
PETRONEL, became ATHELGLEN
For more details on coaling
www.gwpda.org/naval/wff01.htm
For more details on colliers and oilers 1920
www.pbenyon1.plus.com/Janes_1919/Misc/Collier.html
Thanks to Paul Benyon
Raymond
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