Husband Joseph ROBBINS
Born: 12 Jul 1719 - Attleborough, Bristol, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: John ROBBINS (1687-1774)
Mother: Hannah CLARK (1692-1773)
Marriage: 1740 - Attleborough, Bristol, Massachusetts
Wife Lucy
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Abraham BROWN
Born:
Christened: Bef 22 Oct 1588 - Sawbridgeworth, Hertsfordshire, England
Died: 1 Oct 1650 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Buried:
Father: Edmund BROWN (Abt 1547-1638)
Mother: Mary CRAMPHORNE (1562- )
Marriage:
Other Spouse: Joan SHELTON ( -1628) - 21 Sep 1619 - South Weald, Essex, England
Wife Lydia
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Other Spouse: Andrew HODGES ( - ) - 27 Nov 1659
Children
1 M Jonathan BROWN
Born: 15 Oct 1635 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died: After 7 Feb 1690-7 Feb 1691 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Buried:
Spouse: Mary SHATTUCK (1645-1732)
Marr: 11 Feb 1660-11 Feb 1661 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
2 F Lydia BROWN
Born: 22 Mar 1631-22 Mar 1632 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: William LAKIN Jr ( - )
3 F Hannah BROWN
Born: 1 Mar 1637-1 Mar 1638 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died: 15 Mar 1637-15 Mar 1638 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Buried:
4 M Abraham BROWN
Born: 6 Mar 1638-6 Mar 1639 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Mary DIX (1639- )
Marr: 5 Feb 1662-5 Feb 1663 - Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts
General Notes (Husband)
Note:
!REF: Pope's Pioneers: p. 72
Admitted as freeman at Watertown, MA Mar. 6, 1631/2. He appears in the town
records in various public positions from 1634 to 1647, notably those associated
with survey work and land distribution. His lands inventory (1694) amounted to
191 acres in 5 parcels. The home lot of Abraham BROWNE passed to his grandson
Capt. Abraham BROWN, and the home as rebuilt by the latter remained in the
family for over 200 years, and is currently owned and operated by the Society
for the Preservation of New England Antiquities. Will filed Oct. 1, 1650,
Middlesex Co., MA. His estate was not settled until Jan. 22, 1693/4 when it was
divided between five claimants, with a double portion going to the estate of
Jonathan, eldest son of Abraham. The original will has not been located, but the
settlement provisions were apparently in disregard to its terms as summarized in
an abstract found in the County Court (1670). Abraham was married first on Sep.
21, 1619 at South Weald, Essex, England to Joan SHELTON (b. about 1599; bur.
Sep. 27, 1628, South Weald, Essex, England), the mother of his first three
daughters. He married second about 1629, England.
Change Date: 21 Oct 2005 at 09:22:19
Immigrated Yarmouth Isle of Wight England Apr/May 1630 >Salem Massachusetts Jun/Jul 1630 Aboard the Wintrop Fleet, Rem to and A Very Early Settler perhaps One of the First of Watertown, Admitted Freeman 6 Mar 1631/1632, Land Surveyor, Received Important Appointments and Trusts more numerous than were conferred on any other peson, No two men were more Respected and Confided in than he and his brother Richard Browne, Selectman 1636-1643, Conservator of timber trees, Surveyor of the Town "to survey all the lots that are granted", Will and Inventory "accepted at court" 1 Oct 1650.
A Genealogical Register of the First Settlers of New England, John Farmer, Genealogical Publishing Co, Lancaster MA 1829, p44: ABRAHAM BROWN Watertown, freeman 1632, had sons Jonathan and Abraham, born in 1635 and 1639. His wife was Lydia. The name of Brown is frequently written in ancient records with the addition of the e, and several families, as those in Salem, have ever retained this orthography.
In the grant of teh Remote Meadows Abraham Browne received ten acres. We can indentify seven personsin the household at thsi time: Abraham, his wife, and five children. Under the terms of the grant the other three acres might be granted for servants in the household, or for Abraham;s holdings of livestock; in either case, he again appears as abovve teh norm in wealth and social standing.
ANCESTRY.COM 3 Aug 2000
Database: Massachusetts Applications of Freemen, 1630-91
Date, Name, Residence, Original Source, Comment
06 March 1631-2, Abraham Browne, C. R., Vol. I. p. 74.
ANCESTRY.COM 12 Aug 2000
Database: The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-33
MIGRATION: 1631
FIRST RESIDENCE: Watertown
OCCUPATION: Surveyor [WaTR 6, 7].
CHURCH MEMBERSHIP: Membership in Watertown church prior to 6 March 1631/2 implied by freemanship.
FREEMAN: 6 March 1631/2 [MBCR 1:367].
EDUCATION: Abraham Brown's frequent employment as a surveyor implies a solid, basic education.
OFFICES: Watertown selectman, 1635 through 1641, annually [WaTR 2, 3, 5, 6, 7]. Appointed to several committees to lay out land and highways, and to regulate timber cutting [WaTR 1-7, 9].
ESTATE: Abraham Brown was granted twelve parcels of land in Watertown, greater both in number and in acreage than the average: ten acre homestall; three acres of marsh; twenty-eight acre homestall; ten acres of plowland adjoining the preceding plot; six acres of upland adjoining the preceding plot; one acre in Patch Meadow; half an acre of meadow with a piece of swamp; four acres of upland; a pond of one acre; a fifty acre Great Dividend; ten acres in the Remote Meadows; and a farm of one hundred and thirty acres [WaBOP 8, 11, 43, 76]. (A dispute over one of these parcels of land arose in 1660, in which his children were involved [WaTR 65-66].)
By the time of the Composite Inventory he had acquired a few more parcels, and disposed of at least one [WaBOP 21, 117]. He had obtained two parcels from John Browne - six acres of upland and a Great Dividend of thirty acres [WaBOP 21, 77]. He had exchanged land with John Collidge, parting with his fifty-acre Great Dividend and acquiring in return five acres of plowland and one acre of upland [WaBOP 21, 36, 92]. And he purchased from Abraham Shaw one acre of marsh adjoining the three acres that he already possessed [WaBOP 21].
The will and inventory of Abraham Browne were presented at Middlesex County Court on 1 October 1650 [MPR Misc 79].
On 6 October 1691 the county court ordered that "the parties concerned in the estate of Abraham Brown of Watertown deceased in the year 50 be sent to to attend the adjournment of this court in order to a settlement thereof." On 7 October 1691 it was ordered that "Lydia Lakin of Groton and Abraham Luist of Rumney Marsh and Mary the relict widow of Jonathan Brown of Watertown and her son Abraham Brown and Georg[e] Woodard of Muddy River and John Parkist of Watertown and all other persons concerned with the estate of Abraham Brown of said Watertown deceased do make their appearance ... on the first Tuesday in November next in order to a legal settlement of the said estate." On 3 November 1691 the court appointed Lt. Remington, John Ward and Thomas Greenwood "to make proposals for a full and final settlement" of "the estate of Abraham Brown Senr. of Watertown deceased" [MPR Misc 82-83].
BIRTH: Baptized Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, 22 October 1588, son of Edmund and Mary (Cramphorne) Browne [Kempton Anc 174].
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His Will
"The Court Records of Middlesex County show that 1 Oct 1650 his Will and Inventory were 'accepted at court.' And an order of court mad 6 Oct 1691 respecting the final settlement of his estate recites him as 'deceased in the year 1650.' These dates indicate, it is thought, satisfactorily, the year of his decease; though there are some circumstances that favor the belief that he died between the close of 1643 and 1648. The latest mention of his name in the Town Records, is 28 Nov 1643 which is the latest date previous to the before-mentioned hiatus of four years.It is, therefore, unknown when his public services terminated. As his name does not occur in the Records between 8 Nov 1647, when they recommence and in 1650, the supposed date of his decease, it is probable that ill health or bodily infirmityhad compelled him to withdraw from his very large participation in public business.
"No original Will of Abraham Browne has been discovered, but in the files of the County Court for 1670, is found the followeing, which, by the concluding certificate, purports to be copy of it. 'The Last Will and Testament of Abraham Browne, of Watertowne, dec'd; being of good and perfect membory but Weake, as is witnessed by us whose names are here under written. Impr: after the decease of his wife, he gave and bequeathed unto his two sonnes, Jonathan and Abraham Browne, his house and lands; but giving liberty to his wife, that if shee had need shee might sell some parcells of it. Also, he gave and bequeathed unto his two daughters, Sarah Browne and Mary Browne, each of them one ewe sheep, ahving each of them one fefore, as was testified. The rest of his goods and state he gave unto Lydea, his wife, making her his sole executrix to perform this, his Will and Testament. Witnesses, Richard Browne, John Whitney. Entered out of the original on file with the Register, at Cambridge, in the County of Middlesex in New England, and is a ture coppie (sic), being compared and examined by Thomas Danforth, Recorder.'
"This instrument resembles a synopsis, more than a literal copy of an original Will. It is not improbable that it was a nuncupative Will, and the above a copy of the declaration by the witness of its provisions.
"There was much delay and probably some difficulty in settling his estate. and the settlement seems to have been made finally, in entire disregard of the provisions of the Will. On the 6th Oct 1691 the Court ordered the parties concerned in the estate of Abraham Browne, ofWatertown, deceased in the year 1650, be sent for, to attend the adjournment of the Court, in order to a settlement of said estate; and they appointed a committee consisting of John Ward, Jonathan Remington, and Thomas Greenwood, to make proposals for said settlement. The claimants were: 1. The heirs of Jonathan Browne, deceased, the eldest son. 2. George Woodward, in right of his wife, only dau of Abraham Browne, Jr, deceased. 3. John Parkhurst, son of one of the daughters of said Abraham Browne, Sr. 4. The heirs of ?Isaac Lewis, decased, who were children of another dau of said Abraham Browne. 5. William Lakin, in right of his wife, youngest daughter of said Abraham Browne.
"Owing, as they said, to a change in the government of the Colony, by the coming over of a new Charter, the committee did not report until 22 Jan 1693/1694. They assigned 2/6 (double portion) of the estate to the heirs of Jonathan, and the other 4/6 to the other four claimants. At thesame time they recommended that these four claimants should sell their shares to Abraham Browne, eldest son of Jonathan, deceased, who was then ready to purchase; and in that manner the estate was settled.
"It appears from the schedules ofpossessions, that, besides a pond of one acre, 11 lots of land were granted to Abraham Browne, the town surveyor, and that previous to 1642, he had purchased 4 other lots, amounting to 39 acres, one of which, a 30 acre lot in the Great ____ lands, had been granted to his kinsman, John Browne. Two of the lots granted him were homestalls. The first upon which he probably settled at first, contained 10 acres, and was at the east of Mount Auburn. His second homestall of 28 acres, to which he is deemed to have removed very early, was bounded on the east by the way to the Little ____ (now Howard Street); N. by Sudbury Road (now Main Street); S. by the way to ____ Plains, sometimes called the way betwixt lots (now Pleasant Street); W. by his ____ land. Two other lots granted to him, on of 10 acres and the other of 6 acres, were con____ to this homestall of the West, and in the schedule of 1642, they were deemed part of the homestall, which was then enrolled as 40 acres. He must have purchased other adjoining lands not long afterwards, as in the final settlement of his estate in 1694, his homestall contained 60 acres. The Committee, appointed by the Court to settle the estate, ____ Inventory, in 1694 (of lands only), amounting to L187; viz: homestall 60 acres L100; remote meadow 10 acrews L12; salt marsh 4 acres L20; farm land 107 acres L15; lot on Charles River 10 acres L10.
"This is probably the only instance (unless the grant to Deacon Simon Stone be an exception) where an original grant has remained in the possession of the direct descendants of a grantee to the present time. As above stated, this property passed by inheritance and purchase, to his grandson, Capt. Abraham Browne. Although it is stated in the report of the committee for settling the estate, that Abraham 'was ready to purchase' the shares of the other claimants, subsequent transactions render it probable that he acted in behalf of the widow and other heirs of his father, and that he never became the proprietor of the whole homestall of 60 acres. From Capt. Abraham B, a part of the land belonging to him passed by Will to his son Samuel, who occupied a part of his house. After his death his son Samuel, about 1739, moved to Leicester, and not long after this, the property was mortgaged to Capt. John Homans, who probably occupied it only a few years, when the mortgage was cancelled by Jonathan, eldest son of Capt Abraham. From Jonathan it passed to his son Jonathan Jr Esq. From him it passed to his son Major Adam Brown, and it is now, at least a part of it, in the occupancy of his heirs.
"The dwelling-house, now standing, on this ancient homestall, is probably, with the exception of the ancient 'Nathaniel Bright house,' considerably older than any other in the town. The 'new part,' next the road, was built and occupied by Capt Abraham B, when he relinquished the old or south part to the use of his son Samuel. The accompanying cut is a view of this house, as at present seen from the northeast:
"[line figure 18.] "Mansion of Capt. Abraham Browne."
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There are a number of accounts in existence of Abraham Browne's origins. His brothers include John Browne of Watertown, and Edmund Browne of Boston. I have not yet found any relationship to Richard Browne, a prominent, stubborn and outspoken church leader who was involved in major controversies in Watertown.
Following note: In 1996, Dean Crawford Smith and Melinde Lutz Sandborn demonstrated the English origin and connections of this immigrant; he was brother of John Brown of Watertown, Edmund Brown of Boston by 1634, and Hannah (Brown) Ines, almost certainly wife of Mathew Ines [Kempton anc 168-96]. There was a brother Richard, but he was clearly not the immigrant of that name to Watertown.
Bond's Genealogies of Watertown reports data from a mid 19th century attempt to trace Abraham, John, Edmund and Richard to Stamford, Lincolnshire (Tolethorpe), and Hawkenden, Suffolk (Swan Hall). This was based on a confluence of some of the common names in the pedigrees of both families, like William, Mary, and Browne, and a lack of relevant church records. It was strictly a speculative genealogical reconstruction.
The immigrant Abraham Browne has been studied by many genealogists. The most comprehensive account is that of Smith22, which supersedes all earlier works (including Anderson's,43 who notes Smith's results in an addendum, p. 2087). Abraham Browne was a surveyor and a prominent settler and office-holder of Watertown, owning substantial property and playing an important role in the early establishment of the town. See Smith and Anderson for many details of his life and for transcripts of documents relating to him and his family.
Smith22 did much of the original research on this family and its connections. He reports (p. 173) that Edmund Browne's wife "Mary Cramphorne was aunt to another Mary Cramphorne, who married William Heath of Ware, Hertfordshire, and later of Roxbury, MA, making a cluster of Browne and Heath first cousins among the early immigrants to Massachusetts Bay.
"The identification of this family as that of the New England immigrants is also based upon the children's associations in Watertown and Boston and their connection to William Colbron. Of this couple's four known immigrant children, son Edmund Browne and daughter Anne Browne's husband Matthew Ines, were servants of Mr. William Colbron, who was of South Weald and Little Harley, Essex, England. William Colbron was married to Margery Huxton on 22 October 1618 in nearby Childerditch, Essex, England, the same parish in which son Abraham Brown's first marriage and the baptisms of three of his children were recorded. South Weald itself, held the burial records of Abraham's first wife and the only one of the three children baptized in Childerditch who did not appear in New England. Sons Abraham and John Browne of Watertown arrived along with many other Essex immigrants. While John left no records aside from his baptism in England, it was his land that Abraham Browne succeeded to in Watertown (vide post).
"On January 1672[/3], Jonathan2 Browne of Watertown and Mary his wife, sold rights to land in Boston in which he called himself 'cousin and next heir' of his 'uncle' Edmund Browne (Suffolk Deed 8:43-4 & vide post), confirming that the immigrants Edmund and Abraham Browne were brothers.
"In view of this evidence, speculations by Bond in the mid-1800s based on the work of Horatio Somerby regarding the Hawkendon origin of this family were clearly mistaken."
22. Dean Crawford Smith, The Ancestry of Eva Belle Kempton, 1878-1908. Part I. The Ancestry of Warren Frances Kempton, 1817-1879, Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1996.
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On Richard Brown of Watertown, I found this: (He may or may not have come from Hawkedon, Suffolk.)
Elder Richard BROWNE
Born: Abt 1575-1576, Swan Hall, Hawkedon, Suffolk, England
Married (2): Hawkedon, Suffolk, England
Died: 4 Feb 1660-1674, Charlestown, Suffolk, Massachusetts, USA
Ancestral File Number: P3ND-FV.
General Notes:
BOOKS
The Winthrop Fleet 1630, Charles Edward Banks, Riverside Press, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1930
"Browne, Richard. Watertown. From Hawkdon, Suffolk. Freeman 18 May 1631 (M.C.R., I, 366). Aged 81/82 in 1657 (b 1575/1576, Bond). He probably came directly from London, where he 'kept a wherry,' and was a 'ruler' in one of the Separatist conventicles of the city (Hubbard)..."
Planters of the Commonwealth 1620-1640, Charles Edward Banks, Riverside Press, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1930
p65: "1630 The Winthrop Fleet
"Eleven vessels brought 'the Great Emigration' of this year, viz:
"Arbella (the flagship), Ambrose, William and Francis, Talbot, Hopewell, Jewel, Whale, Charles, Success, Mayflower, and Trial.
"The first five ships sailed 8 Apr 1630 from Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, and arrived at Salem 13 June and following days. The other half of the fleet sailed in May and arrived in July at various dates. Altogether they brought about seven hundred passengers of whom the following are presumed to have been on these ships (See Banks 'The Winthrop Fleet of 1630'):
p67: "...Abraham Browne, of Hawkdon Suffolk, Watertown
Mrs Lydia Browne
James Browne
Richard Browne..."
Genealogies, Families, and Descendants of Early Settlers of Watertown MA, Vol I, Genealogies, Henry Bond MD, Boston, Little Brown & Co, 1855
p122: "Richard Browne, son of Thomas and Joan, of Swan Hall, Hawkedon, Co. Suffolk; b about 1575/1576; settled first in London, where he was a ruler in a church of Separatists, and there rendered important services to some of the persecuted Non-conformists. He was one of the first settlers of Watertown, and the first Ruling Elder of the Church. He was one of the first that applied (Oct, 1630) to be admitted freeman, and was admitted 18 May 1631. Towards the end of 1632, he was removed from the office of Ruling Elder, on account of his sentiments, which were too liberal for the ecclesiastical notions then prevalent. There was, however, entire accordance between him and very worth pastor, Rev George Phillips; and such was Mr. Browne's influence, that Hubbard says, he 'was thoughtsometimes to overrule the Church.'"
ANCESTRAL FILE
Ancestral File Ver 4.13 P3ND-FV Born 1575/1576 Swan Hall Hawkedon Suffolk England Mar Edith (AFN:P3ND-DP) Died 1660 Charlestown Middlesex MA, 9ND1-PN Born 1575/1576 Hawkedon Suffolk England Mar Elizabeth (AFN:HMW5-VR) Died Prob Hawkedon Suffolk England, P6SS-T7 Born Abt 1575, and 84TP-KX Born Abt 1598 ?Wales.
Events:
1. Immigration; 8 Apr 1630, Yarmouth, Isle Of Wight, England. Winthrop Fleet. Arrived 13 Jun 1630, Salem, MA.
Marriage Information:
Richard married Edith.
Marriage Information:
Richard also married Elizabeth in Hawkedon, Suffolk, England.
Marriage Information:
Richard also married Ann BOWEN
General Notes for Child Jonathan BROWN
His will dated 19 Feb 1690/1, proved 7 Apr 1690/1, inventory dated 1 Apr 1691. Real estate 6 lots of land amounting to 211 acres appraised at L247. [Prob Records Vol VII 134-137.]
His sons dropped the final e.
Children from Watertown Records, First Book and Supplement of Births, Deaths, and Marriages
The name of Brown is frequently written in ancient records with the addition of the e, and several families, as those in Salem, have ever retained this orthography.
p122: "...The records of Boston and of the county of Suffolk MA show that there was an Edmund Browne, a proprietor of Boston, as early as 1647, who mar 14 Dec 1653 Elizabeth Oakley (Dau of 'Mary the relict of the late Robert Bouchier, alias Garret' [?Gannet]. She was probably a daughter by a former marriage, or a widow at the time of her marriage to Browne.) They had two children. Mary b 15 Dec 1656 and John b9 Oct 1660. He died, after an absence of several years, at Sardainham [?Surinam].
"Both of his chil. also died early and Jonathan, the son of Abraham Browne, or Watertown, inherited his land as next kin. In a deed, dated 1 Jan 1672/1673 from Jonathan to one Richard Taylor, conveying the reversion of some of Edmund's real estate, he recites that he is 'cousin and next heir of said Edmund,' and afterwards, in the same instrument he calls Edmund his uncle. In a suit for possessionof a piece of land belonging to the estate, Edmund (1682) is incidentally several times called the uncle of Jonathan...It is believed, according with the first recital in said deed, that Edmund was a nephew of Abaham, and brother to John, of Watertown, and a son of John, of Hawkedon. His birth does not appear in the table of pedigree; but the early parish register (commencing 1538) is lost. There is now none dating back beyond 1709. It was the custon, as early as 1560, for clergymento deposit certified copies of these registers each year in the Will offices. Very few of these copies are now in existence. It was amongst those remaining in the office at Bury St Edmunds, relative to Hawkedon, that were found the baptisms ofMary and John, the chil. of John and grand chil. of Thomas of Hawkedon. the births and baptisms of no other grand chil. of said Thomas have been discovered.
"We have scarcely a doubt that Edmund was the son of John, of Hawkedon. This supposition best harmonizes all known facts. The name of his son, John,
General Notes for Child Abraham BROWN
Inventory dated 28 Sep 1667. He purchased land in Groton, where he proposed to settle nearhis sister Lydia. But, Mary Dix, to whom he was engaged to be married, was unwilling to go to Groton, and she 'desired Thomas Parks to go to Ipswich to treat with Mrs Hodges to see what she would do for her son Abraham Browne upon his marriage.' He went, and 'Mrs Hodges gave him (her son A) full power to settle upon her land in Watertown,' etc. He m 5 Feb 1662/1663 Mary Dix..."
Husband Andrew HODGES
Born: - Ipswich, Essex, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage: 27 Nov 1659
Wife Lydia
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Other Spouse: Abraham BROWN (Bef 1588-1650)
Children
General Notes (Husband)
He was a proprietor of Ipswich, where his first wife, Ann, died in 1658.
Husband Richard MICKLEWOOD
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Margaret
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Margaret MICKLEWOOD
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried: 25 Jan 1593-25 Jan 1594 - Banham, Norfolk, England
Spouse: Rowland CLARKE (Bef 1530-1579)
Husband Robert BERT
Born: Abt 1465 - of Stradbroke, Suffolk, England
Christened:
Died: 1519 - Stradbroke, Suffolk, England
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Margaret
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M William BERT
Born: Abt 1496 - prob Stradbroke, Suffolk, England
Christened:
Died: 1556 - Stradbroke, Suffolk, England
Buried:
Spouse: Johan GODBOLD (Abt 1500-Bef 1541)
Spouse: Agnes BORRETT (Abt 1520-1567)
Marr: 25 Jun 1541 - Stradbroke, Suffolk, England
2 F Christian BERT
Born: Abt 1491
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
General Notes (Husband)
Robert Bert born say 1465, lived in Stradbroke, in the north of Suffolk, England. He died between 20 April 1519, when he prepared his will, and 7 June 1519, when it was prvoed. He was probably married twice, but the name of his first wife has not been learned. His second wife was Margaret, possibly Richaman, Robert appointed Wiliam Richman a supervisor to his sill, and son william Bert in his 1555 wil named Thomas Richman to his "godfather" and William Richman a "cosen". Richman wills have been read in an attempt to find a connection, but without success. One reason for thinking Robert married twice is that in his will he requested masses sung "for me my wife and all my fryends", allthough at that time he had a living wife.
Robert Bert named two children in his will, saugtehr Christian and son William. Christian was married, with a son, Robert, and "daughtrers". William was still a bachelor. Apparently born several years apart, these two children likely had different mothers. Robert bequeathed to each of Christian's daughters 10 marks (a mark had the value of 13s 4d). Christian should have "my house at the church" for the term of her life, adn after her death her son Robert should inherit it. If Robert happened to die before his mother, "she shall do w't what seh will." Chrsitian was also to receive "my second (best) fether bed." Probably Robert had given Chrstian part of her niheritance when she married.
Robert gave to his wife Margaret, for her life, his tenement (farm) called Bukks, with all the lands thereto belonging, and also gave her the privilege of occupying my "parlour chamb'r botery and solere thereon." This probably interprets as teh parlor chamber (or main room), the buttery, and the cellar (attic) over the buttery. She could live here as long as she remained his widow ("sooll & unmaryde"), with "fre ingate and aotgate at all tyms." However, when son William married he was to have use of the rooms fo reight days after his wedding. Robert specified that the hanging (curtain) on his bed in the parlor should remain with the bed, as should the round table. Margaret could use them until she died or remarried. In either situation they should eventually "remayn to Will'm my son." Robert gave Margaret her choice of his three featherbeds, and she coudl "do w't that what she will." He also gave her, for life, "my beste chese pr'sse and a saltyng trowghe," but at her deceaseshe was to "leve it satt ther to use of Will'm my son." Margaret should have "all such stuff as was her own when she came to me suche as in my possessyon at the tyme of my decease," but she and son William should divide the livestock. Ten of the milk cows ("keen") were to eb Margaret's, but she sould choose one, then William one, continuing this way until she had her ten. Robert also gave her two heifers (hekeferrs") and twelev ewe sheep. For four years after Robert's decease "Will'm my son shall delyv'r to Margaret my wife," each year, six bysels of wheat and six bushels of barley.
Robert gave 4d to each of his single godchildren adn 12d to Margery Goodman "at the daye of here mariege." Probably Margery was a servant in the household.
Robert specified that after his wife Margaret's decease the property called Bukks should belong to William and his heirs. William should also "have all my other howses and londs as well in Stradbrook & hoxne as in Wibey." If Wiliam died without heirs, the houses and lands were to be sold.
Robert requested burial in the churchyard at Stradbroke, adn at his burying he wished given to every person present -- "man & woman & child" - a penny loaf and a cantle (slice) of cheese.
In accord with the custom of his time, Robert made several religion-related bequests. He gave amounts to teh high altars of Stradbroke (3 s 4d), Hoxne (20d), Horham (12d) and Wilby (12d), indicating probable family ties to tehse parishes, although he might have remembered Hoxne and Wilby simply because he had property there. For six masses to be sung for himself, his wife, and all his friends, he designated 3s 4d. to have a trental (thirty masses on thirty consecutive days) sung for him and his friends by the White Friars of Norwich, and the same by the Gray Frars of Dunwich, he gave 10s to each place. He also requested that a priest "syng for me and my fryends" in the Stradbroke parish church for a "hool yere." In addition to all this, son William "shal fynd yerely as longe as he leveth a yeretyde (anniversary religious celebration) for me and my fryends ons (once in the yere w't in the town of Stradbrook in like man'r as my father bound me in his will." Search has been unsuccessful in finding a will recorded where a Bert father bound his son Robert in this same way.
Robert gave to son William all goods not bequeathed in the will, and also appointed Wiliam "my Attorney". He asked Thomas Bert (perhaps a brother) and wiliam Richeman to be supervisors "and to help the said Will'm at such tymes as shalbe nedefull."
General Notes (Wife)
Her surname may have been Richman.
General Notes for Child William BERT
William Bert was born say 1496, probably at Stradbroke, Suffolk. He died between 2 Marhc 1555/6, the date of his will, and 6 November 1556, when it was probated. At the writing of his father's will, in April 1519, he was a bachelor, but probably within a couple of years, say in 1521, he married, first, Johan Godbold. He married second at Stradbroke 25 June 1541, Agnes Borrett, who was born say 1520 and was buried 13 march 1566/7 at Stradbroke, daughtrer of Henry and Alice (Cowper) Borrett.
Agnes's maternal grandfather, Henry (Herry) Cowper of Stradbroke, in his will (dated 22 February 1530/31, proved 20 October 1532, named daughter Alice, wife if HEnry Borrett, and their sons Henry, Jeffrey, Lewis, William, Allen, and Simon. Agnes's father, Henry (Harry) Borrett (or Brett) of Stradbroke, in his will (dated 7 February 1555/6 and proved 8 December 1558) named sons William , Lewis, Allen, Simon, and Jeffrey, ansd son-in-law Wlliam Bert. Agnes Bert, widow of Stradbroke,in her own will (dated 25 March 1560 and proved 10 April 1567) named daugthers Johane, Mary and Anne, as well as brothers Jeffrey Borrett, Allen Borrett, and Simon Borrett.
With his first wife, Johane Godbold, william had atleast six children, one of whom died young. Baptisms have been found for five children with his second wife, Agnes Borrett. Two of these died young.
From his father, William inherited Bukks in Stradbroke and other houses and lands in Stradbroke, Hoxne, adn Wilby. His own will indicates that he added to these holdings. His household included men servants adn women servants. He gave generous legacies to his eight living children and others.
His devotion to God is reflected in teh preamble of his will:
I bequethe and com'ende my sowle to the infenyte mercye of almightie god moste humblye besechynge hym to place the same in the seate and companye of his moste dere adn electe assuredlye also trustinge to be one of the same.
To his needy neighbors, he specified, ... to the pore peopel dwellinge within Stradbroke aforesayde orels where beings at my buriall to everye of them at the daye of my buriall one penneye and a cantell of chese adn a lofe of berade orels if it be lente tyem an herynge and a lofe of berade adn sufficiente drinke for the same pore people.
Thinking that he might not pass away in or near his own village he added,
And if it shall happen that I shall not dye within fyve myles of Stradbrooke than I will and bequethe to teh pore people of teh same towne wherein I shlall fortune to departe owte of this present lief v of moneye to be distribured adn devided among them.
William bequeathed his lands as follows:
1... to Agnes my wief (the tenement) wherein I dwell with all the lands medowes and pastures therunto belonginge & nexte adjoynynge to teh sayde ten'te in Stradbroke, fo rterme of her naturall lief, upon condic'on that she do not any strippe or waste, and also kepe ehr selfe sole adn unmaried, adn inhabite and dwell therin. (After her) decease, or condic'ons broken (the said tenement should go to William's son Roger.)
2. to Roger Berte my eldeste sone, Also my pastures called theltons together with all the londs medowes woods pastures fedynges rents and wayes bothe copye adn free com'onlie called Theltons, in Stradbrooke Hoxne and Horh'm. Also, my ten'e Goodwins with syxtene acres of copye londe medowes fedings and pastures therto belonginge, in Stradbrooke and Horh'm.
3. to Henrye Berte my sone my ten'te newlye buylded whiche he dwelleth in, in Stradbroke Horh'm Hoxne and Chekeryn, (also) all those londs medowes fedygns pastures woods ernts and wayes in Stradbroke Horh'm and Hoxne whiche I latelye bowghte of Nicholas Syrmage com'only called Horh'm close otherwise Horh'm felde, Also, two pightells called the Callowe pightells as they lye encolosed together in Stradbroke.
4 to Roberte my sone my ten'te bucks with all the londs medowes fedings pastures woods Rents servics and wayes, in Stradbroke and Wilbye.
5. unto Will'm Berte my sone, my ten'ts londs and pastures therto belongynge as they lye... the .... parke of the churche waye ledinge from Wotton gerne to Stradbroke churche, in Stradbroke, Also, my pasture or medowe called the Callowe, in Stradbroke between the londes somtyme Richarde Ryrmage of greate yarmouthe towards teh southe and the londs of Thomas Huntingfilde towards the Northe adn it butethe upon the waye called Owtfelde waye towards the Easte, and free chase adn erchase, to go adn dryve his cattall directlye throughe the home close or pasture of my house wherin I nowe dwell.
apparently the values of the bequeathed lands varied, and to even out the legacies William directed that three of his sons, after entry into their inheritances, pay amounts (over periods of time) to other family members. To widow Agnes, Roger was to pay yearly 40s, whereas Henry and Robert should each pay during her life 3 pounds. To their brother Wiliam, Roger and Robert should each pay a total of 30 pounds, and Henry should pay 40 pounds. To their sisters Joahn, Anne and Mary, teh there sons should pay 20 pounds, part at marriage adn part when each of the young women reached the age of 22 years.
William bequeathed specific livestock as follows:
to Agnes my wief syxe of the bste of my keyne in my dyrie at her chyse, my mullinge colte of teh coloure of a adde sorrell... to Roger Henrye and Roberte my sones, my other horses colts and geldings not before bequeathed... to my childrens children being my godchildren to everye of them one ferneringe calfe... to the resydewe of my childrens children v each... to Roberte my sone tene of my beste mylche keyne to be taken nexte after my wiefs choyse... to Margerie Johan Ane and Marie my dowghters to everie of them a cowe...to Roger Henrie adn Roberte my sones all my other kynde of beastes.
'William directed that
my cupborde and my framed table standinge in my hall shall remayne and gowithe the howse continuallye, ... my posted bedstede with the hanginges thereunto belonginge and the trundle bedde with my square table fowlte beinge in my parlor shall continuallye stande and be therin... the residewe of all my housholde stuffe implements and utensilies, shalbe evenlye devided and sette in thre parts, one of the sayde thre parts to my sayde wief, at her choyse, the other two parts evenle devided amongs my fowre sones... (to sons roger, Henrie, and Roberte) my carts carte harnesses plowghe and plowghe harnesses two payre of harrowes one tumbrell and a payre of trendles with all other necessaries to them belonginge... all my carne and malte, shall remayne to my wief Roger Henrie and Roberte my sones to eb evenlye devyded amongs them. (His four sons should have) all my apparrell belonginge to my bodye as well lynnen as woollen and other apparrell...evenlye devided amongs (them).
To wife Agnes, William gave 10 pounds in money, and he directed that "my sayde wief shall not travell ryde or go owte of teh countie of Suff" -- if she did so, she forfeited her legacies. As well, Wiliam directed that "Agnes my wief shall have all teh profights and sisues of all my londs and tent's and mylche keyne for and towards the kepinge and maynten'nce of hyspytaltie and howse untyll the feaste of saincte Mcihaell tharchangell nexte after my decease with the whiche I will and require my sayde wief to kepe all the mene servaunts and somen servaunts shiche shalbe in my howse the daye of my dethe untyll the sayde feaste."
William appointed sons Roger, Henry, and Robert as executors and gave them two additional instructions:
1. "I will that my executors or ther executors shall bringe uppe and vertuouslye educate with civilitie and good nurture Johan Ane and Marie my dowghters untyll they shalbe of thage of a syxtene yers with sufficient meate drinke and clothes And after thage of xvi yeres I will they shall paye to everie one of the sayde Johan Ane and Marye untyll they come to teh age of twenty yeres vi viii.
2. "my executors shall bargayne and sell unto Richard Grenlinge of Stradbroke thelder, accordinge to the laste will and testa'te of John Pype late of Stradbroke deceased all those ten'ts called Pypes with all the lands ten'ts in Stradbroke Hoxne and Wyngfeld whie were teh sayde John Pypes." (The only John Pype will that seems to fit this is that of John Pype of Stradbroke, dated 23 January 1533/4, proved 12 June 1542. The will contains no specific instructions about sale of lands, but William Berte is one of the executors.)
Witnesses to William's will incuded "Thomas Tower Roberte Brocke John Wells Thomas Harvye adn otehrs." A memorandum states that on 25 July 3 & 4 Pholip and Mary (1556), "Willl'm Berte...dyd surrender all his lonsd and tent's holden of the manor or Horh'm counts and Hor'm Brodocke into the hands of Thomas Kente gent in the presence of John Gyrlinge adn Sr. Leonerde Sewall tenn'ts of teh same manors And lykewise the same day e he surrendred all his londs and ten'ts holden of the manor of Thorphall into the hands of Roberte Brocke in the presence of John Wells thomas Harvye and others."
Children of William Bert and first wife, Johan Godbold, born probably at Stradbroke.
Children of William Bert and second wife Agnes Borret, Recorded at Stradbroke.
General Notes for Child Christian BERT
Her mother may have been un unknown first wife.
Husband Nathaniel WALLIS
Born:
Christened: 15 Jul 1632 - St. Ewe Parish, Cornwall, England
Died:
Buried: 21 Mar 1698 - Beverly, Essex, Massachusetts
Father: John WALLIS ( - )
Mother:
Marriage:
Wife Margaret
Born:
Christened:
Died: 14 May 1711 - Beverly, Essex, Massachusetts
Buried:
Children
1 M Caleb WALLIS
Born: 1666 - Beverly, Essex, Massachusetts
Christened:
Died: 1 Nov 1714 - Beverly, Essex, Massachusetts
Buried:
Spouse: Sarah STONE (1669- )
Marr: 12 Dec 1687 - Beverly, Essex, Massachusetts
2 M John WALLIS
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
3 M BArtholomew WALLIS
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
4 M Joshua WALLIS
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
5 F Mary WALLIS
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
General Notes (Husband)
NATHANIEL, Shoreman, ,Falmouth, No. Yarm., hereby July 1657 (Y.D. 1:83), bought the Thomas Wise planta. at Martin's Point in 1660 and at No. Yarm. from the Brays and John Cousins in 1672. Ag. +/-52 in July 1683, and b. in county Cornwall, Gt. Brit., by his death rec. Constable 1658; gr[and] j[ury] 1658, 1670, 1671; tr[ial] j[udge] 1666, 1667; fined for non-appear. 1665. He had suits ag. Lawrence Davis (trespass) and Edw. Pike (for pork) in 1666-7; appr. the Skilling est. 1667; on commit. to lay out a Scarb. highway 1669. In both wars he retreated to Beverly and d. there 18 Oct. 1709, +/-77. His will gave Me. lands to his sons, Caleb and Joshua and gr.sons John and Nathaniel. Wid. Margaret d. in Bev. 14 May 1711, +/-84. One Margaret wit. Jane Waddock to Seammon in 1679 (Y.D. 3:103). Ch: JOHN, mar. Bridget Shepard. Both were fined in Mar. 1764, the rec. indicating he was blind; ano. rec. of him, ag. 22 in 1678 (Essex Q. Ct. Rec. 7:74) indicates he was not blind. Dead in 1720. 8 ch. rec. Salem 1675-1693. See also Y.D. 10:193; 14:166. BARTHOLOMEW, d. in Bev. 17 Jan. 1676, ag. 19. CALEB, m. 12 Dec. 1687 Sarah Stone in Bev. where 9 ch. rec. or bp. JOSHUA, m. 1 June 1691 Abial Conant in Bev. where a dau. Mary was b. in 1694. A cordwainer of New Sherborn in 1734 when his s. Caleb, mariner of Salem, deeded land as his atty. See Y.D. 17:89; 18:41. NATHANIEL, m. Anna Rich, int. 21 Mar. 1698 at Bev. where 5 ch. rec. MARY, m. Ensign Samuel Pike.
Nathaniel Wallis was born in 1632, a native of cornwall County, in England. With his son John Wallis he was among the twenty nine inhabitants of Black Point and Casco , who , July 13, 1658, signed to be joined to Mass. Bay
Nathaniel Wallis.
He was baptised at St.Ewe Parish 15 July 1632,father John Wallis.
He was married to a Margaret 1652,at unknown parish.
I have four possible John Wallis's who could have been the father.
1.John Walys who was baptised 11 Oct 1590 St.Dominick,St.Germans,son of Henry Walys.
This John Walys was most likely the one who married Susanna Carkeete 18 Jun 1610 at Sheviock,St.Germans.
2. John Wallish baptised 14 Jun 1602 Egloshayle,son of Thomas Wallish of Egloskerry.
3. John Wallis baptised 5 Aug 1604 Egloskerry,son of Degory Wallis and Jone Roger.
4. John Wallis born circa 1600? to Edward Wallis and Christiana Snell.
Margaret Wallis widow of Nathaniel died at Beverley MA 14 May 1711 age 84,which means she was baptised 1626/7.
Margaret Snell and Margaret Hancock fits this desciption.My money is on Margaret Hancock.
I have sent several files which should be of some interest to you.
These are descendancy charts,earliest generations at the top.
Dont forget to change page margins before you print these files.
Compiled by Kenneth Wallis 2000 Nathaniel Wallis 4
General Notes for Child Caleb WALLIS
A mariner of Salem.
In 1705, along with Joseph Herrick, is part of a defeazance on the property of his sister-in-law's husband William Clark.
In 1718, is mentioned as deceased when Joseph Herrick is indemnified of the bond.
Baptized as an adult in Beverly 5 Aug 1694
EIHC vol.36 p. 145 mentions death as 1 Nov 1714 with his son precedeing him in Sept.
Nathaniel Wallis has suit against Lawrence Davis
Lawrence Davis is married to Elizabeth Atkins
Elizabeth Atkins has sister Anne
Anne Atkins m. Samuel Clarke of Marblehead
Samuel Clarke has brother William Clarke
(I believe this is William Clark of Beverly TAG 43)
William Clark m. Elizabeth Stone
Elizabeth Stone has sister Sarah
Sarah Stone m. Caleb Wallis
Caleb Wallis enters defeazance with William Clark
This Caleb is son of Nathaniel mentioned in suit.
Husband Robert WARREN
Born: Abt 1485 - Wiston, Suffolk, England
Christened:
Died: 1545 - Winston, England
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Margaret
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M John WARREN
Born: Abt 1525 - Nayland, Suffolk, England
Christened:
Died: 23 Apr 1576 - Nayland, Suffolk, England
Buried: - Sudbury, Suffolk, England
Spouse: Agnes HOWLET ( -1567)
Marr: 5 Sep 1563
Spouse: Margaret FIRMETY ( -1676)
Marr: 30 Jan 1568-30 Jan 1569 - Great Horkesly, England
2 M John WARREN
Born: Abt 1515
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
3 M Lawrence WARREN
Born: Abt 1517
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
4 M Thomas WARREN
Born: Abt 1520
Christened:
Died: Mar 1559-Mar 1560 - Stoke Nayland, Suffolk, England
Buried:
5 F Ann WARREN
Born: Abt 1523
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
6 M William WARREN
Born: Abt 1527
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
General Notes (Husband)
Notes for ROBERT WARREN:
from NEHGS Register, v. 64 (Oct., 1910) "Genealogical Research in England"
The Will of Robarte Warren, aged and sick in body, 29 Oct. 1544.
To be buried in the churchyard of our lady at Wyston [Wissington].
To the high altar there 12d. To wife Margarett the house that I
dwell in now which I did purchase of the widow Payne, with all
the lands, groves, woods, meadows, and pastures unto the same
belonging, as I myself hold it by copy of court roll of the manor
of Alpheley Hall, during the term of her life, and after her death
to James my son and his heires, and if he die before his mother
then to his next brother and to his heirs lawfully begotten, and
so from one brother to another. My milch beasts and oxen to be sold
and the money used to pay debts, and the residue to my wife. To my
son James a white bullock. To son Lawrence and to daughter Anne 20s.
each after the decease of their mother. To son Thomas three horses,
harness, a cart, plough, etc. All the wheat being in Hawkyns barn to
be divided equally between my wife and son Thomas, he to pay my son
William 20s. out of my land called Wyston Prestney at twenty years
of age. Residue of all my goods to wife Margarett, with an hundred
of wood out of Wyston Prestney, and I make her my whole executrix.
Mr. James Abbs of Nayland, supervisor. Witnesses: Henrye Lorkyn,
Willm. Plampyn of Weston, and Thomas Gostlynge of Grotton, and others.
Proved 22 Feb. 1544/45 by the executrix.
(Archdeaconry of Sudbury (Bury St. Edmunds), Longe, 489.)
More About ROBERT WARREN:
Oct 29, 1544 - Will dated, Will Proved 22 Feb 1544/454
General Notes for Child John WARREN
Notes for JOHN WARREN:
from NEHGS Register, v. 64 (Oct., 1910) "Genealogical Research in England"
The Will of John Warren of Nayland nexte to Stoke in the County
of Suffolk, husbandman, 21 Apr. 1576. To John Warren my eldest son and
to the heirs of his body lawfully begotten my house that I now dwell
in with the lands, woods, and pastures thereunto belonging with the
appurtenances lying in the parish of Nayland, known by the name of
Curlie, held by copy of court roll of Sir Thomas Danby, knight, Lord
of the Manor, which I now deliver by surrender to John Prentise and
Robert Patton to the use of my eldest son John, on condition that he
pay £20 out of the said house and lands to my second son John Warren.
If he die without living issue then to my second son John and the heirs
of his body, and if the said John my "myddle" son die without living
issue then to son Richarde Warren and to his heires lawfully begotten.
For lack of such heirs to daughter Anne Warren and her heirs. To son
John the elder my farm implements, and to him and his brothers John the
middle and Richard and his sister Anne the household goods, pewter,
brass, and livestock. To Agnes Coole, my wife's daughter, all the
appurtenances that did belong to my wife that last was. To John Cole,
my wife's son, a chafing dish and a laten candlestick. To twelve of the
poorest people in Naylond 12d. to be divided among them. All the residue
of my goods and chattels, debts paid and my expenses discharged to be
equally divided among my four children and my two brothers James and
William Warren whom I make executors, and give them five loads of wood
lying felled on my ground for their pains. I make John Prentise
supervisor and I give him 12d.
Witnesses: John Prentise, Roberte Patten, Anthonye Speed,
and James Warren.
Proved 5 June 1576 by the executors named, William Warren in his own
person and James Warren in the person of said William.
(Archdeaconry of Sudbury (Bury St. Edmunds), Wroo, 142.)
More About JOHN WARREN:
Apr 21, 1576 - Will dated, Will Proved 5 June 157617
Occupation: Husbandman
Burial: Apr 23, 1576, St. Edmund's, Sudbury, Suffolk, ENG.18
Husband William SCUDDER
Born: 1565 - Darenth, Kent, England,
Christened:
Died: 4 Nov 1607 - Darenth, Kent, England,
Buried:
Father: John SCUDDER (1539- )
Mother: Mrs. Lowers SCUDDER (1541- )
Marriage: 1588 - Kent, England
Other Spouse: Mrs. Margery Or Margaret SCUDDER (1567-After 1607) - 1588 - , Kent, England
Wife Margaret
Born: Abt 1567 - Darenth, Kent, Englandaand
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Margaret (Margery, Marjorie)
Born:
Christened:
Died: 9 Jun 1655 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Buried: 9 Jun 1655 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Spouse: John JOHNSON (1588-1659)
Marr: by 1633 - Hertfordshire, England
General Notes for Child Margaret (Margery, Marjorie)
Most often identified as Scudder, but apparently she wasn't.
The Pepper Genealogy has some notes on wills and so forth of a Scudder family of Kent; a daughter Margery had married a John Johnston - of Kent.
According to Some notes on inconsistencies in published genealogical data and additions thereto
(Ancestry.com), the Scudder material in the Pepper genealogy is the source of the notion that Margery was a Scudder. Only if John Johnson was from Kent, which he was not.
William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47:423, Waters'' Gleanings 1:679 Jul 27, 1607, named wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson sr and jr. That is the only evidence that I have found for the statement so often made taht Margery was a Scudder.
From TAG, Jul 1945,Scudder: William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47 :423; Waters' Gleanings, 1: 679), Jul 27 1607 naemd wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson Sr and Jr. Taht is the only evidence found so far for the statemetn so often made that Margery was a Scudder.
Identified by Father's Will. However, Great Migration Begins does not identify her last name. "Margery Johnston the wife of John Johnson" was #90 on Eliot's list and probably came to New England in the spring of 1633. (Great Migration Begins)
From Ray G Hulburt, Capt John Johnson and wife Margery of Roxbury, who were they, TAG Jul 1945, 22(1), 47-49,.
"William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47:423, Waters'' Gleanings 1:679 Jul 27, 1607, named wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson sr and jr. That is the only evidence that I have found for the statement so often made taht Margery was a Scudder. "
She has also been probably incorrectly identified as Morris, based on the relationships among the Johnson and Morris family.
Hulburt giveds more consideration to the possiblity that she was among the descendants of Thomas Miller of Bishops Stortford, Co erts, who came to America. One was Elizabeth, wife of Isaac Heath. He refers to Spencer Miller, New York Gen. and Biogr Record, vol 70, statement that both Elizabeth and her sister, Margaret Miller Waterman, in their wills call Isaac Johnson cousin. "I have a certified copy if the latter ((1670), and it does not so call him."
He also cites tangled relationships among the Weld family, but no particular evidence.
Quite a number of families seem to have come from Nazeing and Bishops Stortford in Essex. MOre discussion in Oct 2007 NEHGR. Eliot and Miller families. Seven children of Bennet Eliot alone went to New England.
I found this on the Nazeing Christians. Not it explains who was Margeret, but she and John Johnson were clearly Nazeing Puritans.
In common with a number of others in Nazeing, subsequently known as the Nazeing Christians,[S5] Edward Riggs and his family were Puritans. Early in 1633 they left England to sail to America as part of the Great Migration to New England, probably sailing from London, on either the 'William and Jane' or the 'Mary and Jane'
Unless stated otherwise, Savage's Dictionary[S5] is the source for all the following information on other prominent settlers in Roxbury which he identifies as having migrated from Nazeing.
THOSE ALREADY IDENTIFIED
The earliest and most eminent was John ELIOT "the celebrated apostle of the Indians", born at Nazeing in 1603 and educated at Cambridge. He had sailed to Boston in the Lion, landing 2NOV1631, and became teacher at Roxbury and maintained the church records. Records of the Winthrop Society show him as originating from Nazeing, but state he was baptised at Widford, Herts; they also show these origins for his brother Jacob who settled in Boston.[S11]
John's brother Philip ELIOT and his wife and four children followed on the Hopewell under Capt.Bundocke early in APR1635, and Philip became a deacon in the church of his brother and a representative.
John RUGGLES, a shoemaker from Nazeing, came with his wife and child on the Hopewell with Philip Eliot.
Thomas RUGGLES, John's elder brother, followed in 1637 with his wife and two of his children. The third, 10-year old John, had sailed with his uncle in 1635 though the church records say he was brought over by Philip Eliot.
John GRAVES came with his wife and five children in May 1633, and may have sailed on the same ship as Edward and his family.
John Graves died 4NOV1644 and Thomas Ruggles on 16NOV1644. In the church records, the deaths are entered next to each other and John Eliot refers to them both as godly brothers, adding "these two broke the knot first of the Nazing Christians. I mean they first died of all those Christians that came from that town(sic) in England."
Eliot was referring only to the adult male church members, because John Graves's wife had died shortly after arriving and Edward and Elizabeth RIGGS had lost three of their four children before NOV1644.
OTHER POSSIBILITIES
Savage also identified William PEACOCK as coming probably in the Hopewell in 1635, aged 12 "with such a complement of Eliots and Ruggleses, that he may be well thought to have sprung from Nazing...". One transcript of the Passenger List of the Hopewell's first sailing in 1635 describes William as being "of Nazing, in Essex."[S10], but another describes him as "of Duffil, Derbyshire"[S12]. (Of the 67 passengers, 10 were from Nazeing and 7 from Duffil; and the person preceding William in the list was from Duffil and the one following was from Nazeing.) A Richard PEACOCK also settled in Roxbury as a glazier, and was made freeman 22MAY1639 (might he have been William's father?).
Savage didn't identify George Holmes and his family as having come from Nazeing, so it is possible there were other families from Nazeing who haven't been identified. These include:-
William Agar, landing with the original Winthrop Fleet in 1630, allegedly probably of Nazeing, Essex, and settled in Watertown (which was only a few miles from Roxbury).[S11]
William Curtis, landed 16SEP1632 from the Lyon and settled in Roxbury.[S5] Allegedly baptised 12NOV1592 at Nazeing.[S11]
There were three documented adult male Heaths and their families (our ancestors) that left Nazeing, England for New England between 1632 and 1635, plus two more previously undocumented Heaths we found in New England records in various New England documents who were close relatives and would have been too young to travel alone from England. All documentation found about the voyage from England was found in America as there are no English documents on these Pilgrims. The adult males were Bartholemew, John, William and Isaac Heath, their wives, and their children.
In many old documents Bartholomew is reported to be born in Nazeing, England. And William and Isaac are reported to be born in Little Amwell, England. Note: The compilers of this book could find no evidence of Barthlomew Heath being born in Nazeing, England, but a number of other researchers state "Bartholomew was from Nazeing". These English villages are about 5 miles apart, both located about 20 miles north of London. Most of these documents and archives are incorrect as the assumption was made by previous researchers, that because they left from Nazeing or Little Amwell, that they were born there. In two cases they were not born in the Parishes recorded and the third is suspect.
Now we turn to another perspective - John Eliot, (read Encyclopedia Britannica) in 1631 a young English Minister, born in Nazeing, England, sailed to New England with a group of Puritans. He apparently left Nazeing and sailed from London, England, landed at Massachusetts Bay, and settled in Roxbury (now a district of Boston). John Eliot is famous for writing the first Bible in the Indian language. What is not generally known is that he, and Elder Isaac Heath (Elder, means: Church Elder) worked together with the Indians, taught them English and learned their language, and wrote the Indian Bible. Isaac Heath and John Bowes (Isaac's son-in-law) formed the first school in New England, at Roxbury. (See John Eliot papers and notes, Library of Congress, Washington D.C.). John Eliot, in his memoirs stated: (shortened by the compilers of this book) that "He, a newly-ordained Church of England Minister, organized a group of the "Puritans" to escape from England.
Eliot made arrangements whereby over a period of years, the Puritans made Nazeing, England, a gathering location for the Puritans to move to until there was as many persons as needed to leave for New England. Now, reading other documents we found that in almost all cases, the Puritans, were led by a Minister. Further, it sometimes took many years to congregate enough people to leave England in sufficient numbers to survive the voyage and initial few years, in the New World. Remember, if a person was thought to be a Puritan in England in the early 1600's the most common punishment was death! It is thought, not proved or even documented, that many of the nonconformists baptized their children and were married in the Church of England, while at the same time attending religious Puritan meetings in other Puritan member's homes.
THE town of WALTHAM ABBEY is in the hundred of Waltham, and in the parish of Waltham Abbey or Holycross, which also includes the hamlets of Holyfield, Sewardstone and Upshire. The town itself is situated upon the river Lea, about a mile out of the main road as you turn from Waltham Cross; and is about 12 miles from the metropolis, the like distance from Hertford, and six miles from Epping. The Abbey, for which this place was famous, was originally founded by Tovy or Tovius, who was standard bearer to Canute; it was afterwards refounded by Earl Harold, who endowed it, and constituted it a college, consisting of a a dean and 11 secular canons, belonging to the Augustine order. Upon the dissolution of this abbey, a grant of its site, for the term of 31 years, was given to Sir Anthony Denny, whose widow purchased the reversion in fee, from Edward VI, for above £3,000. The only remains of the abbey which have survived the shocks of time are the ruins of the gateway which led into the abbey yard, the bridge which leads to it, some dilapidated walls, and the church, the architecture of which bespeaks its origin to have been long antecedent to that of the rest; notwithstanding its mutilated condition, this once magnificent pile still furnishes the architectural antiquary with many beautiful and interesting specimens of the Norman style; the pillars supporting the arches which divide the body from the side aisles are very massive, like those of the cathedral of Durham.
The places of worship are, the parish church, dedicated to St. Lawrence; two chapels for baptists, and one for Wesleyan methodists. The charities comprise a charity school attached to the church, founded by Thomas Leverton, Esq.; and Green's almshouses for Eight poor widows. The living of Waltham is a donative; the present incumbent is the Rev. W. Walley, and the resident curate the Rev. John Lewis Capper.
About two miles distant is HIGH BEACH, the situation of which is peculiarly beautiful and picturesque, being built close upon Epping forest; it is particularly to be noticed for the number of tasteful seats and elegant villas, as well as for the almost unrivalled extent of prospect and delightful scenery which is spread out on every side. The market at Waltham is held on Tuesday, and the fairs on the 14th May and 25th September. The entire parish of Waltham Holycross, including the hamlets before-mentioned, contained by the government returns for 1831, 4,104 inhabitants; being an increase in the population, since the census of 1801, of 1,064 persons.
NAZEING is a respectable little village and parish in the same hundred as Waltham Abbey, four miles from that town. It contains a parish church, which is dedicated to All Saints, and a population of 757 persons.
John Eliot
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John Eliot (1604-1690), English-born clergyman of the first New England generation and missionary to the Massachusetts Native Americans, translated the Bible and other books into the Algonquian tongue.
John Eliot's baptismal record, dated Aug. 5, 1604, is preserved in the church of St. John the Baptist in Widford, Hertfordshire. His father had extensive land-holdings in Hertford and Essex counties. When John was a child, his parents moved to Nazeing. Just before his fourteenth birthday he matriculated at Jesus College, Cambridge, where he prepared for the ministry. He took his bachelor of arts degree in 1622. In 1629-1630 he lived with Thomas Hooker and his family in Little Baddow, Essex. After the Separatist Hooker escaped to Holland, Eliot, who as a Nonconformist minister was also unsafe, decided to emigrate to New England, as many other young ministers were doing.
To the New World
Eliot arrived in Boston on Nov. 3, 1631, when the settlement was barely a year old. While John Wilson, pastor of Boston's first church society, was absent, Eliot was asked to occupy the pulpit. On Wilson's return Eliot was invited to remain as teacher. He refused, having promised Nazeing friends who were intending to emigrate that if he was not permanently engaged when they arrived he would be their pastor. The Nazeing group settled in Roxbury, Mass., and Eliot was ordained immediately as their teacher and later as pastor.
Pastor at Roxbury
Eliot stayed at Roxbury for the remainder of his years. The pleasure of his life was increased by the arrival of two sisters and, later, two brothers. Hanna Mumford, to whom he was engaged, had also come with this group. Their wedding, in October 1632, is the first marriage on the town record.
For his first 40 years in Roxbury, Eliot preached in the 20-by 30-foot meetinghouse with thatched roof and unplastered walls that stood on Meetinghouse Hill. The church grew with the town, and Eliot's long ministry was marked by imaginative leadership both within and without the membership circle. His share in founding the Roxbury Grammar School and his efforts to keep it independent and prosperous were only part of his contribution to the community. In addition to preaching and the care of his people, he also had the traditional share of a first-generation minister in various religious and civil affairs.
"Apostle to the Indians"
These numerous and valuable local services, however, did not give John Eliot the place he holds in American history. That place is described by his unofficial title, "Apostle to the Indians," for whose benefit he gave thought, time, and unstinted energy for over half a century. He was not sent to them as a missionary by church, town, or colony but went voluntarily in fulfillment of his duty to share in Christianizing Native Americans, which, according to the original Massachusetts charter, was expected of every settler and was "the principal end of this plantation." Long before either church or civil leaders realized that Christianization was an English wish rather than a Native American one, they had puzzled over ways of proceeding. Individual ministers had tried unsuccessfully to bring Native Americans to the meetinghouse.
Learning the Native American Language
The chief barrier between European and Native American was communication. Sign language and a jargon of pidgin English and Native American would do for barter but not for sermons. The Algonquian language, spoken by the various tribes of Massachusetts Native Americans, presented a formidable problem to those trained in classical and European languages; further, there were no written texts, dictionaries, or grammars. Eliot learned the language by taking into his home a Native American boy, a captive in the Pequot War, who had learned to speak and understand everyday English and also to read it; he could not write. The boy's pronunciation was very distinct. As Eliot listened, he made word lists which revealed inflexional endings, differentiated nouns from verbs and singulars from plurals, and gave many hints of language behavior to Eliot, who had a distinct gift for such understanding. The process of mastering this strange tongue well enough to use it for expressing his own thought was arduous, but Eliot persisted, and on Oct. 28, 1646, preached his first sermon in Algonquian to a small group of Native Americans gathered at the wigwam of a chieftain at Nonantum (now Newton). The Native Americans understood well enough to question him. They felt his friendliness and invited him to preach again.
First Native American Bible
A detailed report of the first four of these woodland meetings, taken down by another minister, was given to Edward Winslow, newly appointed agent of the colony. It was immediately printed in London under the title "The Day-Breaking, if not the Sun-Rising of the Gospell with the Indians in New England." Winslow drafted a bill which led to Parliament's chartering the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel among the Native Americans of New England. Throughout England and Wales funds were solicited. With this money Eliot bought school supplies, carpenter and farm tools, cloth, spinning wheels, and other articles needed in the work of education and civilization to which, in addition to his Roxbury parish, he devoted the remainder of his life. The first edition of his translation of the Bible into Algonquian (1661-1663) was the first Bible printed in the Colonies.
This story has many chapters. Fourteen self-governing Native American towns were founded, native teachers and preachers trained, and new skills learned and practiced. But King Philip's War (1675-1676) destroyed the Native American towns; only four were rebuilt. The "Praying Indians," exiled to Deer Island, suffered lamentably. John Eliot died in 1690, before restoration of the villages had really begun. But he had lived to see the second edition of his Native American Bible. With this book he had written the beginnings of a pioneering story in race relations for his own day. His feat of translation is still a marvel to scholars.
Further Reading
A full-length study of Eliot is Ola Elizabeth Winslow, John Eliot, "Apostle to the Indians" (1968). He is also discussed in Walter Eliot Thwing, History of the First Church in Roxbury (1908); Samuel Eliot Morison, Builders of the Bay Colony (1930); and William Kellaway, The New England Company, 1649-1776 (1961).
Additional Sources
Tinker, George E., Missionary conquest: the Gospel and Native American cultural genocide, Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Husband John JOHNSON
Born: By 1588 - prob Hertfordshire, England
Christened:
Died: 30 Sep 1659 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Buried: 30 Sep 1659 - St Eustry Cemetery, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Marriage: by 1633 - Hertfordshire, England
Other Spouse: Mary HEATH (1600-1629) - 21 Sep 1613 - Ware, Hertfordshire, England
Other Spouse: Grace (NEGUS) FAWER ( - ) - by 1656 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Wife Margaret (Margery, Marjorie)
Born:
Christened:
Died: 9 Jun 1655 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Buried: 9 Jun 1655 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Father: William SCUDDER (1565-1607)
Mother: Mrs. Margery Or Margaret SCUDDER (1567-After 1607)
Father: William SCUDDER (1565-1607)
Mother: Margaret (Abt 1567- )
Children
General Notes (Husband)
Captain John Johnson. Born England. Died Roxbury, Mass., on Sept 30, 1659 Will dated 30th.
There are several versions of who he married. Some of them may depend on who he was. On the other hand, see the research below, who he was is not much of a mystery; neither are his wives and children. Ten children; five of whom came to New England. All by his first wife, Mary Heath. He had a total of three wives.
I'm descended from two of his children; Mary and Isaac. My brother in law is descended from Capt. Humphrey.
I don't know if it is really known where he was born; Great Migration doesn't mention it and I have no source. Information could possibly come from confusion between several John Johnson's. He married in Waring, into a family that sometimes celebrated bmd events in an adjacent parish in Essex. A NEHGR article (Douglas Richardson, 1992, pp 261-278) states that a thorough search of the christening and probate records of Waring and the surrounding area failed to find him. There are extensive records on a large Johnson family there.
I have preserved the often repeated notion that he was born in Kent, but I've seen no source for that and doubt he came from Kent. This could conceivably be based on confusion with another JOhnson family. He was immediately from Hertfordshire and was probably born there.
Ancestry of Emily Jane Angell states that Savage reports on seventeen John Johnson's, creating the material for confusion. It states that he was the only John Johnson found in Roxbury, but outside Roxbury his identity is not as easily established.
Searching Google for John Johnson Herne Kent, I found;
From http://kinnexions.com/smlawson/johnsonm.htm
"It is highly recommended that any search for the JOHNSON ancestry begin with the detailed research presented in The Biography and Genealogy of Captain John Johnson from Roxbury, Massachusetts, by Gerald Garth Johnson (2000, Heritage Books, Inc., Bowie, MD), available from the publisher ../smlsource/pubs.htm. (In other words, this web page is an ad for the book, in which you're expected to invest $40 or $50 to learn the obscure info on an obscure ancestor, LOL.) The author summarizes and critiques a number of conjectures about the JOHNSON roots, presenting abstracts from English records and reaching to the conclusion that Capt. John JOHNSON's "ancestry remains a mystery."
"Caution: This ancestry JOHNSON in England requires source documentation before it can be accepted for Capt. John JOHNSON. With the extensive Hertfordshire connections of the HEATH family, ancestors of Capt. John JOHNSON's wife's family, it may be that the JOHNSON is also from Hertfordshire, rather than Kent. The following is presented subject to verification. One clue, other than the location of the HEATH family, may be the name Humphrey given to a son of Capt. John Johnson and Mary Heath. This name has not been seen among the known kin of Mary (Heath) Johnson, so may appear in the early Johnson family.
"The following are noted. Genealogies of Woodstock Families, Volume Seven, by Clarence Winthrop Bowen (Worcester, MA 1943), page 147: "John Johnson of Herne, co. Kent, England, came with the Winthrop Fleet, 1630" - no documentation cited. Capt. John Johnson Genealogy, by Paul Franklin Johnson (Los Angeles, CA 1948), page 426: "John Johnson, son of John Johnson, was born possibly in Wilmington Parish in Kent near London, England, about 1590" - no documentation cited. "The Heath Connection...", by Douglas Richardson, NEHGR, 146:270 (July 1992): "Thus, the question of John Johnson's parentage and place of birth remains unanswered.""
But now we know where the notion that he was from Herne in Kent came from. Or maybe not. We don't actually even know for a fact that he hasn't been confused with another New England settler.
On http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~syafam/louckstxt11.htm, we learn that he may have been confused with EDWARD Johnson. The biographical details of this Edward's life once arriving in New England are those of John Johnson.
"The Johnson family lived in Canterbury, Kent, England. His children were baptized there, the first at St. Mary Magdelene, the second child was buried there, presumably before it could be patized, and the other six all at the church of St. George the Martyr. This last church was bombed in World War II and now only the tower exists.
"He did own land in a parish called Heron [Herne] Hill, and a place in that parish called Waterham, but apparently never lived there. The property was inherited from his uncle Edward Pordage of Beakesbourne who died in 1616. He still owned that property at the time of his death. "
Note that if there was a John Johnson born in Kent, which is not unlikely, that wouldn't make him the John Johnson of Ware, Hertfordshire.
However, I'm not aware of John Johnson having lived in Woburn, and "Edward Johnson"'s biography fails to mention Roxbury. .
Adding Woburn to my Google search on the theory that will lead me to some OTHER John Johnson or whoever who quite possibly came from Kent and lived in Woburn, I find, back on that ad for the book site cited above, quite possibly the answer to the riddle. (People who hog genealogical information for profit aren't necessarily poor researchers.)
John Johnson was not confused with ONE person, but, to judge from who the Web purports were the parents of this JOhn JOhnson from Kent, atleast two people.
"John JOHNSON - b. about 1550, possibly in Wilmington, Co. Kent. Possibly the son of Geoffrey JOHNSON and Bridgett HARBOTTLE. John's will was dated Dec. 14, 1643. In it he names wife Alice, daughter Alice and husband John HOLMDEN, daughter Joane, daughter Susan and husband Jeremy MANNING, and sister Alice ROGERS. Lived at Wilmington Parish, Kent, England. The home (called Barne End) which was the residence of the Johnson family from 1590 to 1648, was originally built about 1460, had a major addition in 1770, and still stands.
Alice -
Children of John and Alice Johnson
Abraham - Lived and died in England.
William - Perhaps the William JOHNSON who d. Dec. 9, 1677; settled at Charlestown, MA; and had son James (b. 1643).
Edward - b. Sep. 1598, Wilmington, Co. Kent; bap. Sep. 16, 1598, Canterbury, Co. Kent; d. Apr. 23, 1672, Woburn, MA. To MA from Herne-Hill, Co., Kent, England. Freeman May 18, 1630; member of artillery company 1637; settled first at Charlestown, then at Woburn, MA. Founder of Woburn 1642; representative from 1643-1671, except 1655; captain; and town clerk about 30 years. Author of a history of New England - the Wonder-Working Providence. Married about 1620 in England to Susan MUNNTER (bap. Oct. 5, 1597, St. Marys, Dover; d. Mar. 7, 1690, Woburn, MA). Children: Edward married Catherine BAKER; William died as infant; George; William died as infant; Martha; Matthew married first Hannah PALFREY (daughter of Peter and Edith, and sister of Rebecca, who married Peter ASPINWALL, ancestor of Pres. Franklin ROOSEVELT), and second Rebecca WISWALL; and John married Bethiah READE.
Solomon - Possibly the Solomon JOHNSON of Sudbury, MA 1639, who married Elinor; freeman 1651; and father of twins Joshua (or Joseph) and Nathaniel, Mary, and Caleb (accidentally shot May 4, 1654, Watertown). Solomon lived in "Watertown liberties" in 1654 as a widower, and married second, at Watertown on Feb. 1, 1686/7, Hannah GRAFTE (or CRAFT?).
John - Some claim that this is Capt. John JOHNSON <johnsonj.htm> of Roxbury, MA. See also his cousin, grandson of Francis Johnson. (Notice that the web site above ran him together with his brother Edward.)
Alice - Married John HOLMDEN of Darenth. Possible daughter: Mabel.
Joane -
Susan - Living in 1678 as a widow. Married Jeremy MANNING, son of Jeremy (d. 1651) and Cicely MANNING, and grandson of Henry MANNING (d. 1620). Henry, also called Harry, MANNING was probably the son of William, who descended from Symon MANNING as follows: Symon; Stephen (d. 1309); William (d. 1342) and a daughter of Richard de CHERFHOLT; Simon and Catherina; John and Alicia WALDEN; John and Juliana BROKHILL, daughter of Richard and widow of William WALLYS; Hugh and a daughter of Sir William BRANDON; Richard, father of William, Thomas and John. Children: Jeremy; Anne; and Sara. "
and
John and Hannah (Throckmorton) Johnson
John JOHNSON - b. about 1560. Son of Francis JOHNSON and Elizabeth THOROGOOD.
Hannah THROCKMORTON - Daughter of Sir William THROCKMORTON and Cicely BAYNHAM, and granddaughter of Sir Thomas THROCKMORTON and Elizabeth BERKELEY, and of Thomas BAYNHAM and Mary WINTER.
There was another theory or two presented as well.
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Genealogy of Captain John Johnson of Roxbury, Massachusetts, Paul Franklin Johnson.
The home of our ancestor in England has not been learned. As his known relatives resided about twelve miles from London on the River Lee, it is safe to say that he probably came from the same locality. Neither has the maiden name of his wife Margery been ascertained. Through the relationship mentioned in certain legal documents, it has been assumed by some that she was Margery Heath.
John Johnson, with his family, came to this country in the fleet with Winthrop, landing at Salem June 22, 1630. He settled in Roxbury, where he, with his son-in-law Richard Mowry, (Roger Ed.) was made Freeman May 18, 1631. He was active in the business of the Colony, as Juryman, serving on Committees, as Surveyor laying out the bounds of Towns around Boston. March 4, 1634/5 John Johnson and Richard Dumer were ordered to build a bridge across Muddy River. Five towns were to contribute to the cost. Mary 25, 1636 or 1635 he was chosen one of a Committee to determine the valuation of the several towns. September 8, 1636 he was again chosen for that purpose. May 17, 1637 he was chosen one of the Deputies to levy on the towns for raising fifty men to send against the Pequots. He was also chosen Surveyor General, an office, which at that time, included the care of the stock of arms and the ammunition of the Colony. An interesting account of the burning of his house, with the Colony's stock of powder, also the Town Records of Roxbury, of which he was Town Clerk, is given in Governor Winthrop's History, also in Drake's History of Roxbury. He was chosen Deputy to the House of Deputies to represent Roxbury in 1634, the first year of that Assembly; and was chosen for twenty-one years afterward, nearly all consecutively.
"Captain John Johnson was the first Clerk of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery. His son, Isaac, was its Captain, and leader at one time. It is the oldest military organization in this country, founded March 13, 1638, and which still proudly maintains its existence. Upon the rolls of its members are to be seen the names of men who in their day, through the entire history of Massachusetts, were foremost in peace and war, and who occupied the highest place in science, art, and literature, and in social, political and military life. At no time could any but a distinguished citizen have become a member of its society."
Late in his life, John Johnson was granted one thousand acres of land in consideration of his great service to the Colony.
Duties and position of the Surveyor General are described by Osgood in "American Colonies in the 17th Century" Volume I, page 513:
"In the Massachusetts Bay System the germ of the modern military staff appears chiefly in the office ordinarily designated as that of Surveyor of Ordinance, or later as General Surveyor of Arms. Early in 1631 the general court chose a Surveyor of Ordinance, to be allowed £10 per year. But from 1632 to 1642 the business of the office was mainly transacted through committees. In 1642, owing to fear of an Indian attack and the desire that the colony might be well supplied with powder, John Johnson was appointed Surveyor General of the Arms. From that time until the downfall of the Colony government, the many references to the office indicate its importance. The Surveyor General of Arms was a custodian of the Colony's supply of ordinance, arms and ammunition; under authority from the general court, he delivered powder to the towns, and received back from them any excessive supplies which might have been issued. He could also sell ammunition. He was empowered to recover arms belonging to the Colony from individuals or towns that had them in their possession, to either preserve them pending an order of the general court, or to sell them at a fair price and procure others in their place. The purchases of ammunition were usually made through the Surveyor General, though in co-operation with the treasurer. Orders of the general court that he should loan munitions to individuals are common. When in 1643, arms and stores were brought from Castle Island, an invoice of the whole was given to the Surveyor General and the arms were delivered into his custody...."
Died Sept 30 1659 Roxbruy, MA, married 1st in England, Margery ____. She died Jan 9, 1655, buried at Roxbury, MA, Apr 9, 1655.
Captain Johnson was married second to Grace Negus, widow of Barnabas Fowler. Grace died on September 29th, according to town records. (Year not given)
For detailed information on his life and possible ancestry, refer to THE BIOGRAPHY AND GENEALOGY OF CAPTAIN JOHN JOHNSON FROM ROXBURY, MASSACHUSETTS, by Gerald Garth Johnson (2000, Heritage Books, Inc., Bowie, MD), available from the publisher.
[He married Mary Heath, daughter of William Heath & Agnes Cheney, in England. Died on 9 Jan 1655. Buried Roxbury, Mass., on 9 Apr 1655.] don't know where this comes from as it isn't in Captain John Johnson Genealogy.]
Many authorities add JOHN to the list of children and generally as first child. This seems to be an error, perhaps stated by Farmer's General Register, page 163, which give "1 JOHN: who died in 1661." The JOHN who died in 1661 was a son of Captain Isaak Johnson as shown by the church records. It is certain that no JOHN came over with the family. There is no evidence whatever that there was any child other than the five given .
The list of children provided by this source includes Sarah b 1627, and four more b 1675-1683. Names correspond with five of the names here but can't be right.
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Great Migration Begins, Vol 2, from NewEnglandAncestors.org, contains the following, which confirms John JOhnson's three wives, and that he was the father of Mary Johnson, not Elizabeth, who married, according to this document, Roger Mowery, John Kingsley, and nobody else.
Origins: Ware, Hertfordshire.
Migration: 1630
First Residence, Roxbury.
Occupation: Quartermaster. On 8 Sep 1642, John JOhnson was assigned the duty of distributing the gunpowder to the major towns ni the colony "taking into serious consideration the present danger of each plantation by the desperate plits & conspiracies of teh heathern". On 7 March 1643/4 Richard Davenport, Captain of the Fort of Massachusetts at Castle Island, was instructed to demand at any time from John Johnson, surveyor general, for every soldier one sufficient musket, sword, rest and pair of bandilers with two fathom of match for each musket. He signed a report of the committee concerning the rebuilding of the castle and batteries on Castle Island.
Church Membership: "John Johnson" was #9 on Eliot's list among the first comers to the Roxbury Church, without comment.
Freeman: Requested 19 Oct 1630 and admitted 18 May 1631.
Education: His inventory included "two Bibles, one psalm book and eight books more. One pound 5 shillings", but he made his mark to his will.
Offices: Deputy for Roxbury to General Court 1834-57. Committee to view ground and set bounds for Charlestown and Newton 7 Nov 1632. Committee to put a cart bridge over Muddy River 6 Aug 1633. Committee to purchase lands for the Indians "to live in in an orderly way amongst us", 4 Nov 1646. Arbitar in Saltonstall vs Watertown 27 Oct 1647.
Paymaster for the building of Boston prison. 17 Oct 1649. Committee to properly supply ministers. 6 May 1657.
Committee to settle impotent aged pesrons ro vagrants. 14 May 1645, and numerous other committee appointments. (Was all this easy to manage if he could not read and write?)
Coroner's jury. 28 Sept 1630. Roxbury constable 19 Oct 1630.
Admitted to Ancient and Honorable Artillery Comapny, 1638. (Huh?) Surveor General of Arms and Ammunition. 8 Sept 1642. Comittee to review colony defenses. 26 May 1647.
Estate: On 1 Apr 1634 he paid 20s. toward the building of the seafort.
In the earliest list of Roxbury inhabitants, about 1642, John Johnson's valuation of 15 pouns 12 s. and 5 pounds 8 s. with six goats and four kids, was one of the highest in the town.
In the Roxbury land inventory in the eary 1650's John Johnson held thirteen parcels, six of which had been granted to him by the town: "his house, barn and house lot on the back side of his orchard, together with liberty to enclose the swamp and book", eight acres; three acres of marsh, twenty acres of mowing round: ten acres of woodland: four acres by Rocky Swamp: one hundred and ten acres and one quarter in the last division, first adn third allotments: Fiftyone and a half acres in the thousand acres near Dedham, bought of Edward Porter and John Petit; six acres bought of James Mrogan; sixteen acres and a half bought of Richard Goad; an acres and a quarter lately the land of Thomas Lamb; three acres of woodland lately the land of John Stebbins; four acres of fresh meadow "altely bought of John Papepoynt", and thirteen acres and twenty rods of land, wood and pasture bought of Thomas Gardner.
He took in a servant, Samuel Heffortd, for three years on 1 Dec 1640. He deposed 7 Sept 1642 that he had sold three acres of meadow to John Sams.
John Johnson was granted 40 pounds "for his service done the country diverse years past" on 14 May 1645. On 7 Oct 1646 he petitioned with others for the land formerly granted them between Dedham, Watertown and Sudbury: Johnson was to receive four hundred and thirty-six acres. On 18 Oct 1648, John Johson and others were to receive lands formerly granted between Andover and Redding "in the place whereabouts the bridge should be built". He sold one hundred acres to Richard parker, 24 May 1650. On 22 June 1652, John Johnson received land in Roxbury from Thomas and Dorothy Hawley.
In May 1656, John Johso n and Elezer Fawer were instructed by the General Court to divide the estate of Barnabus Fawer equally so that Johnson's third wife, Grace (Negus) Fawer, and her son Eleazer Fawer, received half each.
On 6 May 1657, "Mr. John Johnson having been long serviceable to the country in the place of surveyor general, for which he hath never had any satisfaction, which this Court considering of, think meet to grant him three hundred acres in any place where he can find it. Whitin the year, Johnson had sold this land to Mr. William Parks.
In his will, dated 30 September 1659 and proved 16 October 1659, "John Johnson of Roxbury" bequeathed to "my beloved wife" my dwelling house and certain lands "I have already given" during her natural life according to a deed also 60 punds for her household furniture "which house and lands, after my wife's decease, I give unto my five children to be equally divided, my eldest son having a double portion"; to "my two grandchildren who have lived with me, Elizabeth Johnson and Mehittabel Johnson", 4 pounds each; to "my sons Isaak Johnson & Robert Pepper" confirm the parcel of lands of fifty five acres in the third division "I have formerly given them"; residue to "my five children equally idvided, my eldest son having a double portion", sons Isaac Johnson & Robert Peccer executors; "my dear brethren Elder Heath and Deacon Park" overseers: "If my children should disagree in any ting I do order them to choose one man more, to these my overseers& and stand to their determination".
The inventory of "John Johnson late of Roxbury" was presetned 15 October 1659 and toatlled 623 pounds 1 shilling, 6d., of which more than 350 pounds was real estae: "20 acres of meadow, 80 pounds; "the house and land about it", 190 pounds, one lot near Stoney River let to John Peairepoint for years" 40 pounds, "in the Great Lots one pasture of about twenty acres", 40 pounds, and domestic luxuries in this inventory were a considerable number of linens, cushions, rugs and blankets. His personal military accourtrements inlcuded "two fowling pieces and one cutlass, 2 pounds.
In her will, dated 20 Dec 1671 and pvoed 29 Dec 1671, "Grace Johnson", being "very weak in body", bequeathed to my two brotehrs Jonathan and Benjamin" all my estate equally divided: "my brother Jonathan Negus" executor, they shall give to them that was helpful to me in my sickness".
Birth, by about 1588 based on date of first marriage.
Death: Roxbury, 30 Sep 1659 *"John Johnson, Surveyor General of all the arms, died & was buried the day following."
Marirrage:
1 Ware, Hertfordshire, 21 21Sept 1613, Mary Heath; she was buried at Ware, 15 May 1629.
2. By 1633 Margery ___. "Margery Johnson the wife of JOhn Johnson" was #90 on Eliot's list and probably caem to New Engalnd in the spring of 1633. "Margery Johnson the wife of John Johnson was buried at Roxbury 9 June 1655.
3. By 1656 Grace (Negus) Fawer, widow of Barnabas Fawer; she died after 21 Dec 1671 (date of will) and before 29 Dec 1671 (probate of will).
There is no doubt that one of the five children named by John Johnson in his will was at one time the wife of Hugh Burt, it is not certain which daughter, Sarah or Hannah, she might have been. Sarah is the more likely candidate, and, if it was she, she went on to marry William Bartram. This difficulat and unsolved problem has been discussed by Helen S. Ullmann and by Dean Crawford Smith and Melinda Lutz Sanborn (TEG 6: 178-84; Angell Anc 390, see also NEHGR 149:230-39.
John Johnson was the confidant of powerful men, filled an important position in the affairs of the early colony and in the development of its defenses, and was involved as an overseer, attroney, witness and appraiser in the affaris of many of its neighbors. He owned a considerable estate at his death. With all these advantages, he kept a low profile in his personal life and never achieved a consistent rank of Mr."
John Johnson was freed entirely, in "regard of other public service without any pay to the company". This implied that he was not yet sixty years old in 1640.
A great tragedy to the Johnson family as well as to the town of Roxbury, occurred when John Johnson's house, with a substantial supply o f the oclony's gunpowder therein, caught fire and burnedin March of 1645. Many of the major diarists of the time recorded the event:
John Johnson, the surveyor general of ammunition, a very industrious and faithful man in his place, having built a fair house in the mids of the town, with diverse barns and other outhouses, it fell on fire in the daytime, no man knowing by what occasion, and there being in it seventeen barrels of the country's powder, and many arms, all was suddenly burnt and blown up, to the value of four or five hundred pounds, wherein a special providence of God appeared, for he, being from home, the people came together to help and many were in the house, no man thinking of the powder til one of the company put them in mind of it, whereupon they all withdrew, and soon the powder took fire and blew up all about it, and shook the houses in Boston and Cambridge, so as men thought it had been an earthquake."
Eliot remarked, "In this fire were strange preservations of God's providence to the neighbors and town, for the wind at first stood to carry the fire to other houses, but suddenly it turned and carried it from all other houses, only carrying it to the barns and outhousing thereby, and it was a fierce wind, & thereby drove the vehement heat from the neighbor houses. "
At the General court 14 May 1645, John Johnson moved that copies be made of important documents that had "very hardly escaped" the fire.
Assistant Governor, Thomas Dudley, was a close associate of John Johnson's, and Dudley bequeathed to "John Johnson, suvey general of the Arms and one of his beloved friends", 5 pounds if he lived two years after Dudley's death, and asked that Johnson and the others should "do fore me and mine as I would have done for them & theirs in teh like case".
Pope, for no apparent reason, credited John Johnson with a son John who "came to Roxbury" and was an "efficient citizen".
John Johnson has been frequently treated in print by excellent genealogists. In 1948 Mary Lvoering Holman produced an account that would be the standard for many years (Stevens-Miller Ancestry 318-22]. In 1922 Doublas Richardson and the team of Dean Crawford Smith and Melinda Lutz Sanborn simultaneously and independently discovered the English orign of John Johnson and published useful information on his family and his many connections with other early New England immigrants. [NEHGR 146: 261--78; Angell Anc 377-91].
Þan Crawford Smith, The Ancestry of Emily Jane Angell, 1844-1910 (Boston 1992).
Article says, "American genealogists have been aware for some time that hte immigrant John Johnson (ca 1590-1659) of Salem and Roxbury, Massachusetts, was related in some way to Elder Isaac and William Heath of Roxbury, and that the Heaths were also kin somehow to the immigrant, Edward Morris, and to Morris's sister, Elizabeth (Morris) Cartwright. Such knship i sproved by a series of Johnson, Heath and Morris Wills, reviewed by Reay G. Hurlburt in Capt Johnson Nd his wife, Margery of Roxbury - Who were They?" in TAG, 22 (1945-6); 47-49.
John Johnson must have married Margery after arriving in Massachusetts. His wife, Margery, appeared much further down Rev. Eliot of Roxbury's church membership list than JOhn's, with those who came about 1633.
John Johnson and Mary Heath ahd 10 children between 1614 and 1628, recorded at Ware or Great Amwell. Four apparently died in England, and only five were still lving at the date of John JOhnson's will. Four have been conclusively identified in New England records. The names and approximate birth dates of these four match perfectly with the records of John Johnson's children found in England.
Dean Crawford Smith and Melinde Lutz Sanborn, in The Ancestry of Emily Jane Angell, state
It is presumed that John Johnson came to New England with Winthrop in 1630, bringing his children, having buried his first wife in Ware some months earlier. Eliot lists his name alone, without comment, as a member of the First Church. His second wife, Margery, appears later, alone in an undated entry, but among many who came in 1633. This entry approximately dates their marriage.
John Johnson's public roles in his community began immediatel; he servied on a jury of inquest in 1630 and was chosen constable. He became a freeman 18 May 1631 (Shurtleff I366.
In all Suffolk deeds, John Johnson signed his name, and though the scribe who wrote a bill of lading and a letter for him to Mr. Pinheon of Aggawam in 1639 wrote that he had made his mark to his will, it is clear from teh shape of the marks that he had attempted to sign his full name. Thus he clearly was literate. He signed a report of the committee directing that regiments should meet in alternating years.
He was given a servant, Sam Efford, for three years in 1640, who had been abused by his last master, Jonathan Wade.
"It was ordered that the Surveyor (John Johnson) take out of the cattle which came from Providence the money Disbursed for that company, undertaking, which is twenty pounds three shillings and nine pence as per particulars 5 10 mo 1643. It is more than possible taht the person responsible for the cattle in Providence was Johnson's son in law, Roger Mowry, who had been a neat herd in Salem. "
"He may have been the John Johnson, who with Edward Carleton was arbitor in the matter of land claimed between Richard Saltonstall and the town of Watertown 11 Nov 1647 (Suffolk Deed I:87).
Of his five children, three left Roxbury for other towns, atleast for a time.
Items listed in Inventory of the estate of John Johnson.
Imprimis 2 fether beds 2 bolsters, 3 pilowes 2 sheets
3 blankets and A rugg with curtains and
valenss with a bedsteed
1 tabl 6 Joyn stools and a carpet
10 Cuishons 2 blanckets and a rugg
6 chairs 2 small Joyne stools
A liverey cubuerd with a cloath cuishon
2 cobirons an Iron and fyre shovell and tongs bellowes
1 drincking glass 1 houre glass
3 hats wering Aparell with boots stockings
bands caps hand cherches
2 bibls i psalme booke and 8 books more
12 lb of yarn 13 scains
1 curtain rod 1 pair of pinsers 2 pair of sheers
8 silver spoons
1 yard of linen cloth 1 box with 2 paire of sisers
with sum other small things
1 box with spice
1 bed steed with 1 fether bed & 1 flock bed
4 pillows 1 ould (hole) bolster with a quilt
a rugg
2 paire of sheets 26 napkins 4 pillowbers
1 cuberd cloath 2 table cloaths with 1 box
4 pillow beers 1 table cloath 6 paire of shaets
3 fruit dishes of earth
1 yard 1/2 of broad cloath
in red shagg bayes 3 yards 1/4
allmost 8 yards of searge
11 yards of stuffe at 3s for yard
on litl carpet 2 yards of linsiwoolsie
3 remnants of cotten 4 yards and od measure
2 yards of linsiwolsie that is milld
8 porrigers 3 cadl pots 1 pint drinking
pot and a drinking cup with a flagon
1 chest 28 yards of new cloath 2 s per hard
1 cass adn bottels with i pair of Irish stockings
2 Cahirs 2 cuishons 2 yards 1/2 cours linen
4 yards of cotton and linen
1 tabl cloath
4 yard 3/4 canves
4 yards 3/4 mor of canvis
2 ould blackets 1 ould packing cloath
2 remnants of stuff
3 pillow beers 5 napkins 3 towells
2 sives 1 basket 2 bodkins
2 pounds of yarne woolin and linen
1 clos stoole and 1 litl glass cas
1 fether bed 1 pillow 1 bolster 2 blanckets
1 coverlid with 1 bed steed
2 blackets deliverd to enry Bowen
6 sausers 4 small dishes 2 candlsticks 1 chamber pot
1 fether boulster e yards of dimitie
1 chest 2 ould green ruggs
6 paine on od speet
18 napkins towell 15 pillow beers or towells or napkins
1 trnck 5 s 1 trunck more 6s
1 tabl and forme
1 canopie for the bed
1 chest
apls in 2 chambers
1 steel mill
1 pannell 3 lins in wool 49 13d forth
1 woollin sheel an ould chest
27 pound of flzx 13d for
3 ould hoggsheads 2 barell 1 half bushels
1 ould cart rope 7 forks
1 bed 1 boolster 1 pillow 2 sheets 1 blancket
1 rugg coverlit 1 small fether bed with
1 small oul dbolster bedsteed
1 costeet 3 piks
1 woolin wheel and hemp in stalks 2 bed steads with ould matts
22 soft cheeses being 78 pound
2 fowling peeces & on cutles
24 cheeses being 83 pound
57 of pewter 18 2 sansers
1 ould pewter dish waits skalls
2 drinking potts to chamber potts 1 candle stick
1 ould small glagin and 3 drinking potts
2 poringers 2 candlestick 1 sawser botl
1 salt siller 1 drinking cup with ould pewter
in tinn warr 6 peeces
1 bras cettels 7 4 scillits
1 cettle 2 scillits bell metl 1 chaffing dish
1 ladl 2 scimers 3 candlesticks 1 thine
2 Bras cettls 2 bras cover
2 bras pots on Iron pott
pestl morter & warming pann
9 peeses of earthen warre 1 lanthern
on gratter on hechell
8 bottoms of yarn 3 bunches of flax
1 basket & trenchers in it & 2 tapps
2 paire cobirons 1 Iron 1 paire of
tongs 1 fire shoovell
1 peel 2 fine forrks 1 fork & 3 spitts
1 small table 3 chairs 4 stools
9 napkins a litl tabl cloath
1 litl napsack 8 spoons 11 trenchers
2 lamps 2 spoons 1 morter
1 box with the suger in it & pepper
1 drinkin sack 1 shreding knife and clever
3 pails 2 platters 1 ould paile
lumber in the meale room with 1 cetl
1 chees pres with milk vesells & a bottl
1 ould sadl 1 tab 1 new barll 1 littel tabl small lumber
1 ould pott of Iron with 1 hole in it
cheans beatl rings wedges 3 axes
in teh seller tubs and other caske
1 yoak shackl and pinn
3 tramells 1 crosscut saw 2 winbls
ould Iron 2 tramells 1 gridiron
pott hooks 1 hamer 3 litl hooks
5 cows 2 oxen
dung grindston
8 planck 300 boards
300 clove boards & polls
1 cart & wheels
1 plow 1 ould plow
12 ew sheepe
3 weathers 1 ram
2 ew lambs
Indian corn About 70 bushells
haie in the barn
oats 15s 4 swine
1 hors 1 cow
16 Cerkes
pott hooks shovell 3 forks 1 raak 1 yoake 1 hack
1 mony 23 in peag
in molt 10 bushells
in wheat 2 bushells
36 bushells of indian corn
ould Iron beetl rings chaine & padlock
buter About 19 s
20 ackers of medow
the hows and land About it
1 lott ner stonie river let to John peairepoint for years
in the great loots 1 pastur of about 20 accers
About 10 Acceres of land ner the great loots 12 Accers brought of Thomas Garner
1 peer of new cloath at bro peariepoints
1 box in the parler
1 brass pott
1 ould warming pann
1 pillyon
2 mor smothing Irons
2 bushells of barly (by Isaack Johnson)
in peagg 1 bushelll 1/2 indian corn (by Mr. Roberd Pepper)
in wood prised at
2 paire lirum 4 ould haows
Appls in the two orchyards yet to gather
2 linin wheels
1 new halter for A hors 1 bucket with what belongs to the well
in fowls
in total 623.01.06
debts 38.00.00
6 boxes
in Jarcie yarne
From this it looks as if John Johnson was fairly well off. It begins to make sense that he should have been a confidant of the assistant governor Dudley.
Ray G. Hulburt, Capt. John Johnson and wife Margery of Roxbury -- who were they? TAG, July 1945, Vol 22(1). pp47-49.
Some have assumed on no evidence Hulburt had seen, that they were from Lincolnshire, whence came Isaac Johnson, one of the founders of the colony. William Eugeine Johnson, John Johnson and other Johnsons, says they were from East Anglia. Notes in teh anks Collection in the Congressional Library say they were from Dartford, and in another place that they were from Wilimington, both of which parishes are in Kent.
L license was issued dated Sep 12, 1623, for John Johnson, aged 24, of Langton parish and Margaret Cole, spinster, to marry at Grantham. Taht date makes it impossible for them to have been parents of Isaac, son of John of Roxbury, who married 1637.
SlmemmingIn Compendium of American Genealogy, Margery's name is given as Fleming. No evidence.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
General Notes (Wife)
Most often identified as Scudder, but apparently she wasn't.
The Pepper Genealogy has some notes on wills and so forth of a Scudder family of Kent; a daughter Margery had married a John Johnston - of Kent.
According to Some notes on inconsistencies in published genealogical data and additions thereto
(Ancestry.com), the Scudder material in the Pepper genealogy is the source of the notion that Margery was a Scudder. Only if John Johnson was from Kent, which he was not.
William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47:423, Waters'' Gleanings 1:679 Jul 27, 1607, named wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson sr and jr. That is the only evidence that I have found for the statement so often made taht Margery was a Scudder.
From TAG, Jul 1945,Scudder: William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47 :423; Waters' Gleanings, 1: 679), Jul 27 1607 naemd wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson Sr and Jr. Taht is the only evidence found so far for the statemetn so often made that Margery was a Scudder.
Identified by Father's Will. However, Great Migration Begins does not identify her last name. "Margery Johnston the wife of John Johnson" was #90 on Eliot's list and probably came to New England in the spring of 1633. (Great Migration Begins)
From Ray G Hulburt, Capt John Johnson and wife Margery of Roxbury, who were they, TAG Jul 1945, 22(1), 47-49,.
"William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47:423, Waters'' Gleanings 1:679 Jul 27, 1607, named wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson sr and jr. That is the only evidence that I have found for the statement so often made taht Margery was a Scudder. "
She has also been probably incorrectly identified as Morris, based on the relationships among the Johnson and Morris family.
Hulburt giveds more consideration to the possiblity that she was among the descendants of Thomas Miller of Bishops Stortford, Co erts, who came to America. One was Elizabeth, wife of Isaac Heath. He refers to Spencer Miller, New York Gen. and Biogr Record, vol 70, statement that both Elizabeth and her sister, Margaret Miller Waterman, in their wills call Isaac Johnson cousin. "I have a certified copy if the latter ((1670), and it does not so call him."
He also cites tangled relationships among the Weld family, but no particular evidence.
Quite a number of families seem to have come from Nazeing and Bishops Stortford in Essex. MOre discussion in Oct 2007 NEHGR. Eliot and Miller families. Seven children of Bennet Eliot alone went to New England.
I found this on the Nazeing Christians. Not it explains who was Margeret, but she and John Johnson were clearly Nazeing Puritans.
In common with a number of others in Nazeing, subsequently known as the Nazeing Christians,[S5] Edward Riggs and his family were Puritans. Early in 1633 they left England to sail to America as part of the Great Migration to New England, probably sailing from London, on either the 'William and Jane' or the 'Mary and Jane'
Unless stated otherwise, Savage's Dictionary[S5] is the source for all the following information on other prominent settlers in Roxbury which he identifies as having migrated from Nazeing.
THOSE ALREADY IDENTIFIED
The earliest and most eminent was John ELIOT "the celebrated apostle of the Indians", born at Nazeing in 1603 and educated at Cambridge. He had sailed to Boston in the Lion, landing 2NOV1631, and became teacher at Roxbury and maintained the church records. Records of the Winthrop Society show him as originating from Nazeing, but state he was baptised at Widford, Herts; they also show these origins for his brother Jacob who settled in Boston.[S11]
John's brother Philip ELIOT and his wife and four children followed on the Hopewell under Capt.Bundocke early in APR1635, and Philip became a deacon in the church of his brother and a representative.
John RUGGLES, a shoemaker from Nazeing, came with his wife and child on the Hopewell with Philip Eliot.
Thomas RUGGLES, John's elder brother, followed in 1637 with his wife and two of his children. The third, 10-year old John, had sailed with his uncle in 1635 though the church records say he was brought over by Philip Eliot.
John GRAVES came with his wife and five children in May 1633, and may have sailed on the same ship as Edward and his family.
John Graves died 4NOV1644 and Thomas Ruggles on 16NOV1644. In the church records, the deaths are entered next to each other and John Eliot refers to them both as godly brothers, adding "these two broke the knot first of the Nazing Christians. I mean they first died of all those Christians that came from that town(sic) in England."
Eliot was referring only to the adult male church members, because John Graves's wife had died shortly after arriving and Edward and Elizabeth RIGGS had lost three of their four children before NOV1644.
OTHER POSSIBILITIES
Savage also identified William PEACOCK as coming probably in the Hopewell in 1635, aged 12 "with such a complement of Eliots and Ruggleses, that he may be well thought to have sprung from Nazing...". One transcript of the Passenger List of the Hopewell's first sailing in 1635 describes William as being "of Nazing, in Essex."[S10], but another describes him as "of Duffil, Derbyshire"[S12]. (Of the 67 passengers, 10 were from Nazeing and 7 from Duffil; and the person preceding William in the list was from Duffil and the one following was from Nazeing.) A Richard PEACOCK also settled in Roxbury as a glazier, and was made freeman 22MAY1639 (might he have been William's father?).
Savage didn't identify George Holmes and his family as having come from Nazeing, so it is possible there were other families from Nazeing who haven't been identified. These include:-
William Agar, landing with the original Winthrop Fleet in 1630, allegedly probably of Nazeing, Essex, and settled in Watertown (which was only a few miles from Roxbury).[S11]
William Curtis, landed 16SEP1632 from the Lyon and settled in Roxbury.[S5] Allegedly baptised 12NOV1592 at Nazeing.[S11]
There were three documented adult male Heaths and their families (our ancestors) that left Nazeing, England for New England between 1632 and 1635, plus two more previously undocumented Heaths we found in New England records in various New England documents who were close relatives and would have been too young to travel alone from England. All documentation found about the voyage from England was found in America as there are no English documents on these Pilgrims. The adult males were Bartholemew, John, William and Isaac Heath, their wives, and their children.
In many old documents Bartholomew is reported to be born in Nazeing, England. And William and Isaac are reported to be born in Little Amwell, England. Note: The compilers of this book could find no evidence of Barthlomew Heath being born in Nazeing, England, but a number of other researchers state "Bartholomew was from Nazeing". These English villages are about 5 miles apart, both located about 20 miles north of London. Most of these documents and archives are incorrect as the assumption was made by previous researchers, that because they left from Nazeing or Little Amwell, that they were born there. In two cases they were not born in the Parishes recorded and the third is suspect.
Now we turn to another perspective - John Eliot, (read Encyclopedia Britannica) in 1631 a young English Minister, born in Nazeing, England, sailed to New England with a group of Puritans. He apparently left Nazeing and sailed from London, England, landed at Massachusetts Bay, and settled in Roxbury (now a district of Boston). John Eliot is famous for writing the first Bible in the Indian language. What is not generally known is that he, and Elder Isaac Heath (Elder, means: Church Elder) worked together with the Indians, taught them English and learned their language, and wrote the Indian Bible. Isaac Heath and John Bowes (Isaac's son-in-law) formed the first school in New England, at Roxbury. (See John Eliot papers and notes, Library of Congress, Washington D.C.). John Eliot, in his memoirs stated: (shortened by the compilers of this book) that "He, a newly-ordained Church of England Minister, organized a group of the "Puritans" to escape from England.
Eliot made arrangements whereby over a period of years, the Puritans made Nazeing, England, a gathering location for the Puritans to move to until there was as many persons as needed to leave for New England. Now, reading other documents we found that in almost all cases, the Puritans, were led by a Minister. Further, it sometimes took many years to congregate enough people to leave England in sufficient numbers to survive the voyage and initial few years, in the New World. Remember, if a person was thought to be a Puritan in England in the early 1600's the most common punishment was death! It is thought, not proved or even documented, that many of the nonconformists baptized their children and were married in the Church of England, while at the same time attending religious Puritan meetings in other Puritan member's homes.
THE town of WALTHAM ABBEY is in the hundred of Waltham, and in the parish of Waltham Abbey or Holycross, which also includes the hamlets of Holyfield, Sewardstone and Upshire. The town itself is situated upon the river Lea, about a mile out of the main road as you turn from Waltham Cross; and is about 12 miles from the metropolis, the like distance from Hertford, and six miles from Epping. The Abbey, for which this place was famous, was originally founded by Tovy or Tovius, who was standard bearer to Canute; it was afterwards refounded by Earl Harold, who endowed it, and constituted it a college, consisting of a a dean and 11 secular canons, belonging to the Augustine order. Upon the dissolution of this abbey, a grant of its site, for the term of 31 years, was given to Sir Anthony Denny, whose widow purchased the reversion in fee, from Edward VI, for above £3,000. The only remains of the abbey which have survived the shocks of time are the ruins of the gateway which led into the abbey yard, the bridge which leads to it, some dilapidated walls, and the church, the architecture of which bespeaks its origin to have been long antecedent to that of the rest; notwithstanding its mutilated condition, this once magnificent pile still furnishes the architectural antiquary with many beautiful and interesting specimens of the Norman style; the pillars supporting the arches which divide the body from the side aisles are very massive, like those of the cathedral of Durham.
The places of worship are, the parish church, dedicated to St. Lawrence; two chapels for baptists, and one for Wesleyan methodists. The charities comprise a charity school attached to the church, founded by Thomas Leverton, Esq.; and Green's almshouses for Eight poor widows. The living of Waltham is a donative; the present incumbent is the Rev. W. Walley, and the resident curate the Rev. John Lewis Capper.
About two miles distant is HIGH BEACH, the situation of which is peculiarly beautiful and picturesque, being built close upon Epping forest; it is particularly to be noticed for the number of tasteful seats and elegant villas, as well as for the almost unrivalled extent of prospect and delightful scenery which is spread out on every side. The market at Waltham is held on Tuesday, and the fairs on the 14th May and 25th September. The entire parish of Waltham Holycross, including the hamlets before-mentioned, contained by the government returns for 1831, 4,104 inhabitants; being an increase in the population, since the census of 1801, of 1,064 persons.
NAZEING is a respectable little village and parish in the same hundred as Waltham Abbey, four miles from that town. It contains a parish church, which is dedicated to All Saints, and a population of 757 persons.
John Eliot
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John Eliot (1604-1690), English-born clergyman of the first New England generation and missionary to the Massachusetts Native Americans, translated the Bible and other books into the Algonquian tongue.
John Eliot's baptismal record, dated Aug. 5, 1604, is preserved in the church of St. John the Baptist in Widford, Hertfordshire. His father had extensive land-holdings in Hertford and Essex counties. When John was a child, his parents moved to Nazeing. Just before his fourteenth birthday he matriculated at Jesus College, Cambridge, where he prepared for the ministry. He took his bachelor of arts degree in 1622. In 1629-1630 he lived with Thomas Hooker and his family in Little Baddow, Essex. After the Separatist Hooker escaped to Holland, Eliot, who as a Nonconformist minister was also unsafe, decided to emigrate to New England, as many other young ministers were doing.
To the New World
Eliot arrived in Boston on Nov. 3, 1631, when the settlement was barely a year old. While John Wilson, pastor of Boston's first church society, was absent, Eliot was asked to occupy the pulpit. On Wilson's return Eliot was invited to remain as teacher. He refused, having promised Nazeing friends who were intending to emigrate that if he was not permanently engaged when they arrived he would be their pastor. The Nazeing group settled in Roxbury, Mass., and Eliot was ordained immediately as their teacher and later as pastor.
Pastor at Roxbury
Eliot stayed at Roxbury for the remainder of his years. The pleasure of his life was increased by the arrival of two sisters and, later, two brothers. Hanna Mumford, to whom he was engaged, had also come with this group. Their wedding, in October 1632, is the first marriage on the town record.
For his first 40 years in Roxbury, Eliot preached in the 20-by 30-foot meetinghouse with thatched roof and unplastered walls that stood on Meetinghouse Hill. The church grew with the town, and Eliot's long ministry was marked by imaginative leadership both within and without the membership circle. His share in founding the Roxbury Grammar School and his efforts to keep it independent and prosperous were only part of his contribution to the community. In addition to preaching and the care of his people, he also had the traditional share of a first-generation minister in various religious and civil affairs.
"Apostle to the Indians"
These numerous and valuable local services, however, did not give John Eliot the place he holds in American history. That place is described by his unofficial title, "Apostle to the Indians," for whose benefit he gave thought, time, and unstinted energy for over half a century. He was not sent to them as a missionary by church, town, or colony but went voluntarily in fulfillment of his duty to share in Christianizing Native Americans, which, according to the original Massachusetts charter, was expected of every settler and was "the principal end of this plantation." Long before either church or civil leaders realized that Christianization was an English wish rather than a Native American one, they had puzzled over ways of proceeding. Individual ministers had tried unsuccessfully to bring Native Americans to the meetinghouse.
Learning the Native American Language
The chief barrier between European and Native American was communication. Sign language and a jargon of pidgin English and Native American would do for barter but not for sermons. The Algonquian language, spoken by the various tribes of Massachusetts Native Americans, presented a formidable problem to those trained in classical and European languages; further, there were no written texts, dictionaries, or grammars. Eliot learned the language by taking into his home a Native American boy, a captive in the Pequot War, who had learned to speak and understand everyday English and also to read it; he could not write. The boy's pronunciation was very distinct. As Eliot listened, he made word lists which revealed inflexional endings, differentiated nouns from verbs and singulars from plurals, and gave many hints of language behavior to Eliot, who had a distinct gift for such understanding. The process of mastering this strange tongue well enough to use it for expressing his own thought was arduous, but Eliot persisted, and on Oct. 28, 1646, preached his first sermon in Algonquian to a small group of Native Americans gathered at the wigwam of a chieftain at Nonantum (now Newton). The Native Americans understood well enough to question him. They felt his friendliness and invited him to preach again.
First Native American Bible
A detailed report of the first four of these woodland meetings, taken down by another minister, was given to Edward Winslow, newly appointed agent of the colony. It was immediately printed in London under the title "The Day-Breaking, if not the Sun-Rising of the Gospell with the Indians in New England." Winslow drafted a bill which led to Parliament's chartering the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel among the Native Americans of New England. Throughout England and Wales funds were solicited. With this money Eliot bought school supplies, carpenter and farm tools, cloth, spinning wheels, and other articles needed in the work of education and civilization to which, in addition to his Roxbury parish, he devoted the remainder of his life. The first edition of his translation of the Bible into Algonquian (1661-1663) was the first Bible printed in the Colonies.
This story has many chapters. Fourteen self-governing Native American towns were founded, native teachers and preachers trained, and new skills learned and practiced. But King Philip's War (1675-1676) destroyed the Native American towns; only four were rebuilt. The "Praying Indians," exiled to Deer Island, suffered lamentably. John Eliot died in 1690, before restoration of the villages had really begun. But he had lived to see the second edition of his Native American Bible. With this book he had written the beginnings of a pioneering story in race relations for his own day. His feat of translation is still a marvel to scholars.
Further Reading
A full-length study of Eliot is Ola Elizabeth Winslow, John Eliot, "Apostle to the Indians" (1968). He is also discussed in Walter Eliot Thwing, History of the First Church in Roxbury (1908); Samuel Eliot Morison, Builders of the Bay Colony (1930); and William Kellaway, The New England Company, 1649-1776 (1961).
Additional Sources
Tinker, George E., Missionary conquest: the Gospel and Native American cultural genocide, Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Husband Thomas FISKE
Born: 1560 - ?St.James, South Elmham, Suffolk, England
Christened: Abt 1560 - Laxfield, Suffolk, England
Died: 28 Feb 1610 - Fressingfield, England, Gb
Buried: 28 Feb 1610 - Fressingfield, South Elmham, Suffolk, England
Father: Robert FISKE (Abt 1521-1602)
Mother: Sibilla GOLD (BARBOR) (1527-Bef 1570)
Marriage: 1587 - Prob. Laxfield, Suffolk, England
Wife Margery
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Children
General Notes (Husband)
Thomas' son Phineas emigrated to New England with his wief and children, in Salem by 1641, and Wenham by 1643, died probably in Wenham 7 Apr 1673. He was captain and in 1653 a representative to the general court. His sons included James, John, and Thomas. James moved to Newbury in 1642 and then to Groton.
Thomas, Captain, was head of the jury in the trial of Rebecca Nurse and other victims of the Salem witch trials, and subsequently was one of those who signed a document testifying to the error of that affair. His son, Capt. Thomas Fiske Jr, and their cousin, Deacon William Fiske the son of William Fiske the son of William and brother fo Rev. John Fiske, who served briefly as clergyman in Salem, also served on that jury.