Husband William SCUDDER
Born: 1565 - Darenth, Kent, England,
Christened:
Died: 4 Nov 1607 - Darenth, Kent, England,
Buried:
Father: John SCUDDER (1539- )
Mother: Mrs. Lowers SCUDDER (1541- )
Marriage: 1588 - , Kent, England
Other Spouse: Margaret (Abt 1567- ) - 1588 - Kent, England
Wife Mrs. Margery Or Margaret SCUDDER
Born: 1567 - Darenth, Kent, England
Christened:
Died: After 1607
Buried:
Children
1 M Parnell SCUDDER
Born: 1590 - Darenth, Kent, England
Christened: 4 Nov 1607 - Father's Will
Died:
Buried:
2 F Mary SCUDDER
Born: 1594 - Darenth, Kent, England
Christened: 4 Nov 1607 - Father's Will
Died:
Buried:
3 F Joane SCUDDER
Born: 1596 - , Darenth, Kent, England
Christened: 4 Nov 1607 - Father's Will
Died:
Buried:
4 M Henry SCUDDER
Born: 1598 - Darenth, Kent, England, Eng
Christened: 4 Nov 1607 - Father's Will
Died: Bef 1607
Buried:
5 F Margaret (Margery, Marjorie)
Born:
Christened:
Died: 9 Jun 1655 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Buried: 9 Jun 1655 - Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Spouse: John JOHNSON (1588-1659)
Marr: by 1633 - Hertfordshire, England
6 M Thomas SCUDDER
Born: 4 Nov 1607 - Darenth, Kent, England
Christened: - Father's Will
Died:
Buried:
General Notes for Child Margaret (Margery, Marjorie)
Most often identified as Scudder, but apparently she wasn't.
The Pepper Genealogy has some notes on wills and so forth of a Scudder family of Kent; a daughter Margery had married a John Johnston - of Kent.
According to Some notes on inconsistencies in published genealogical data and additions thereto
(Ancestry.com), the Scudder material in the Pepper genealogy is the source of the notion that Margery was a Scudder. Only if John Johnson was from Kent, which he was not.
William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47:423, Waters'' Gleanings 1:679 Jul 27, 1607, named wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson sr and jr. That is the only evidence that I have found for the statement so often made taht Margery was a Scudder.
From TAG, Jul 1945,Scudder: William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47 :423; Waters' Gleanings, 1: 679), Jul 27 1607 naemd wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson Sr and Jr. Taht is the only evidence found so far for the statemetn so often made that Margery was a Scudder.
Identified by Father's Will. However, Great Migration Begins does not identify her last name. "Margery Johnston the wife of John Johnson" was #90 on Eliot's list and probably came to New England in the spring of 1633. (Great Migration Begins)
From Ray G Hulburt, Capt John Johnson and wife Margery of Roxbury, who were they, TAG Jul 1945, 22(1), 47-49,.
"William Scudder of Darenth, Kent, in his will (NEHGR 47:423, Waters'' Gleanings 1:679 Jul 27, 1607, named wife Margery, unmarried daugther Margaret, John Johnson sr and jr. That is the only evidence that I have found for the statement so often made taht Margery was a Scudder. "
She has also been probably incorrectly identified as Morris, based on the relationships among the Johnson and Morris family.
Hulburt giveds more consideration to the possiblity that she was among the descendants of Thomas Miller of Bishops Stortford, Co erts, who came to America. One was Elizabeth, wife of Isaac Heath. He refers to Spencer Miller, New York Gen. and Biogr Record, vol 70, statement that both Elizabeth and her sister, Margaret Miller Waterman, in their wills call Isaac Johnson cousin. "I have a certified copy if the latter ((1670), and it does not so call him."
He also cites tangled relationships among the Weld family, but no particular evidence.
Quite a number of families seem to have come from Nazeing and Bishops Stortford in Essex. MOre discussion in Oct 2007 NEHGR. Eliot and Miller families. Seven children of Bennet Eliot alone went to New England.
I found this on the Nazeing Christians. Not it explains who was Margeret, but she and John Johnson were clearly Nazeing Puritans.
In common with a number of others in Nazeing, subsequently known as the Nazeing Christians,[S5] Edward Riggs and his family were Puritans. Early in 1633 they left England to sail to America as part of the Great Migration to New England, probably sailing from London, on either the 'William and Jane' or the 'Mary and Jane'
Unless stated otherwise, Savage's Dictionary[S5] is the source for all the following information on other prominent settlers in Roxbury which he identifies as having migrated from Nazeing.
THOSE ALREADY IDENTIFIED
The earliest and most eminent was John ELIOT "the celebrated apostle of the Indians", born at Nazeing in 1603 and educated at Cambridge. He had sailed to Boston in the Lion, landing 2NOV1631, and became teacher at Roxbury and maintained the church records. Records of the Winthrop Society show him as originating from Nazeing, but state he was baptised at Widford, Herts; they also show these origins for his brother Jacob who settled in Boston.[S11]
John's brother Philip ELIOT and his wife and four children followed on the Hopewell under Capt.Bundocke early in APR1635, and Philip became a deacon in the church of his brother and a representative.
John RUGGLES, a shoemaker from Nazeing, came with his wife and child on the Hopewell with Philip Eliot.
Thomas RUGGLES, John's elder brother, followed in 1637 with his wife and two of his children. The third, 10-year old John, had sailed with his uncle in 1635 though the church records say he was brought over by Philip Eliot.
John GRAVES came with his wife and five children in May 1633, and may have sailed on the same ship as Edward and his family.
John Graves died 4NOV1644 and Thomas Ruggles on 16NOV1644. In the church records, the deaths are entered next to each other and John Eliot refers to them both as godly brothers, adding "these two broke the knot first of the Nazing Christians. I mean they first died of all those Christians that came from that town(sic) in England."
Eliot was referring only to the adult male church members, because John Graves's wife had died shortly after arriving and Edward and Elizabeth RIGGS had lost three of their four children before NOV1644.
OTHER POSSIBILITIES
Savage also identified William PEACOCK as coming probably in the Hopewell in 1635, aged 12 "with such a complement of Eliots and Ruggleses, that he may be well thought to have sprung from Nazing...". One transcript of the Passenger List of the Hopewell's first sailing in 1635 describes William as being "of Nazing, in Essex."[S10], but another describes him as "of Duffil, Derbyshire"[S12]. (Of the 67 passengers, 10 were from Nazeing and 7 from Duffil; and the person preceding William in the list was from Duffil and the one following was from Nazeing.) A Richard PEACOCK also settled in Roxbury as a glazier, and was made freeman 22MAY1639 (might he have been William's father?).
Savage didn't identify George Holmes and his family as having come from Nazeing, so it is possible there were other families from Nazeing who haven't been identified. These include:-
William Agar, landing with the original Winthrop Fleet in 1630, allegedly probably of Nazeing, Essex, and settled in Watertown (which was only a few miles from Roxbury).[S11]
William Curtis, landed 16SEP1632 from the Lyon and settled in Roxbury.[S5] Allegedly baptised 12NOV1592 at Nazeing.[S11]
There were three documented adult male Heaths and their families (our ancestors) that left Nazeing, England for New England between 1632 and 1635, plus two more previously undocumented Heaths we found in New England records in various New England documents who were close relatives and would have been too young to travel alone from England. All documentation found about the voyage from England was found in America as there are no English documents on these Pilgrims. The adult males were Bartholemew, John, William and Isaac Heath, their wives, and their children.
In many old documents Bartholomew is reported to be born in Nazeing, England. And William and Isaac are reported to be born in Little Amwell, England. Note: The compilers of this book could find no evidence of Barthlomew Heath being born in Nazeing, England, but a number of other researchers state "Bartholomew was from Nazeing". These English villages are about 5 miles apart, both located about 20 miles north of London. Most of these documents and archives are incorrect as the assumption was made by previous researchers, that because they left from Nazeing or Little Amwell, that they were born there. In two cases they were not born in the Parishes recorded and the third is suspect.
Now we turn to another perspective - John Eliot, (read Encyclopedia Britannica) in 1631 a young English Minister, born in Nazeing, England, sailed to New England with a group of Puritans. He apparently left Nazeing and sailed from London, England, landed at Massachusetts Bay, and settled in Roxbury (now a district of Boston). John Eliot is famous for writing the first Bible in the Indian language. What is not generally known is that he, and Elder Isaac Heath (Elder, means: Church Elder) worked together with the Indians, taught them English and learned their language, and wrote the Indian Bible. Isaac Heath and John Bowes (Isaac's son-in-law) formed the first school in New England, at Roxbury. (See John Eliot papers and notes, Library of Congress, Washington D.C.). John Eliot, in his memoirs stated: (shortened by the compilers of this book) that "He, a newly-ordained Church of England Minister, organized a group of the "Puritans" to escape from England.
Eliot made arrangements whereby over a period of years, the Puritans made Nazeing, England, a gathering location for the Puritans to move to until there was as many persons as needed to leave for New England. Now, reading other documents we found that in almost all cases, the Puritans, were led by a Minister. Further, it sometimes took many years to congregate enough people to leave England in sufficient numbers to survive the voyage and initial few years, in the New World. Remember, if a person was thought to be a Puritan in England in the early 1600's the most common punishment was death! It is thought, not proved or even documented, that many of the nonconformists baptized their children and were married in the Church of England, while at the same time attending religious Puritan meetings in other Puritan member's homes.
THE town of WALTHAM ABBEY is in the hundred of Waltham, and in the parish of Waltham Abbey or Holycross, which also includes the hamlets of Holyfield, Sewardstone and Upshire. The town itself is situated upon the river Lea, about a mile out of the main road as you turn from Waltham Cross; and is about 12 miles from the metropolis, the like distance from Hertford, and six miles from Epping. The Abbey, for which this place was famous, was originally founded by Tovy or Tovius, who was standard bearer to Canute; it was afterwards refounded by Earl Harold, who endowed it, and constituted it a college, consisting of a a dean and 11 secular canons, belonging to the Augustine order. Upon the dissolution of this abbey, a grant of its site, for the term of 31 years, was given to Sir Anthony Denny, whose widow purchased the reversion in fee, from Edward VI, for above £3,000. The only remains of the abbey which have survived the shocks of time are the ruins of the gateway which led into the abbey yard, the bridge which leads to it, some dilapidated walls, and the church, the architecture of which bespeaks its origin to have been long antecedent to that of the rest; notwithstanding its mutilated condition, this once magnificent pile still furnishes the architectural antiquary with many beautiful and interesting specimens of the Norman style; the pillars supporting the arches which divide the body from the side aisles are very massive, like those of the cathedral of Durham.
The places of worship are, the parish church, dedicated to St. Lawrence; two chapels for baptists, and one for Wesleyan methodists. The charities comprise a charity school attached to the church, founded by Thomas Leverton, Esq.; and Green's almshouses for Eight poor widows. The living of Waltham is a donative; the present incumbent is the Rev. W. Walley, and the resident curate the Rev. John Lewis Capper.
About two miles distant is HIGH BEACH, the situation of which is peculiarly beautiful and picturesque, being built close upon Epping forest; it is particularly to be noticed for the number of tasteful seats and elegant villas, as well as for the almost unrivalled extent of prospect and delightful scenery which is spread out on every side. The market at Waltham is held on Tuesday, and the fairs on the 14th May and 25th September. The entire parish of Waltham Holycross, including the hamlets before-mentioned, contained by the government returns for 1831, 4,104 inhabitants; being an increase in the population, since the census of 1801, of 1,064 persons.
NAZEING is a respectable little village and parish in the same hundred as Waltham Abbey, four miles from that town. It contains a parish church, which is dedicated to All Saints, and a population of 757 persons.
John Eliot
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John Eliot (1604-1690), English-born clergyman of the first New England generation and missionary to the Massachusetts Native Americans, translated the Bible and other books into the Algonquian tongue.
John Eliot's baptismal record, dated Aug. 5, 1604, is preserved in the church of St. John the Baptist in Widford, Hertfordshire. His father had extensive land-holdings in Hertford and Essex counties. When John was a child, his parents moved to Nazeing. Just before his fourteenth birthday he matriculated at Jesus College, Cambridge, where he prepared for the ministry. He took his bachelor of arts degree in 1622. In 1629-1630 he lived with Thomas Hooker and his family in Little Baddow, Essex. After the Separatist Hooker escaped to Holland, Eliot, who as a Nonconformist minister was also unsafe, decided to emigrate to New England, as many other young ministers were doing.
To the New World
Eliot arrived in Boston on Nov. 3, 1631, when the settlement was barely a year old. While John Wilson, pastor of Boston's first church society, was absent, Eliot was asked to occupy the pulpit. On Wilson's return Eliot was invited to remain as teacher. He refused, having promised Nazeing friends who were intending to emigrate that if he was not permanently engaged when they arrived he would be their pastor. The Nazeing group settled in Roxbury, Mass., and Eliot was ordained immediately as their teacher and later as pastor.
Pastor at Roxbury
Eliot stayed at Roxbury for the remainder of his years. The pleasure of his life was increased by the arrival of two sisters and, later, two brothers. Hanna Mumford, to whom he was engaged, had also come with this group. Their wedding, in October 1632, is the first marriage on the town record.
For his first 40 years in Roxbury, Eliot preached in the 20-by 30-foot meetinghouse with thatched roof and unplastered walls that stood on Meetinghouse Hill. The church grew with the town, and Eliot's long ministry was marked by imaginative leadership both within and without the membership circle. His share in founding the Roxbury Grammar School and his efforts to keep it independent and prosperous were only part of his contribution to the community. In addition to preaching and the care of his people, he also had the traditional share of a first-generation minister in various religious and civil affairs.
"Apostle to the Indians"
These numerous and valuable local services, however, did not give John Eliot the place he holds in American history. That place is described by his unofficial title, "Apostle to the Indians," for whose benefit he gave thought, time, and unstinted energy for over half a century. He was not sent to them as a missionary by church, town, or colony but went voluntarily in fulfillment of his duty to share in Christianizing Native Americans, which, according to the original Massachusetts charter, was expected of every settler and was "the principal end of this plantation." Long before either church or civil leaders realized that Christianization was an English wish rather than a Native American one, they had puzzled over ways of proceeding. Individual ministers had tried unsuccessfully to bring Native Americans to the meetinghouse.
Learning the Native American Language
The chief barrier between European and Native American was communication. Sign language and a jargon of pidgin English and Native American would do for barter but not for sermons. The Algonquian language, spoken by the various tribes of Massachusetts Native Americans, presented a formidable problem to those trained in classical and European languages; further, there were no written texts, dictionaries, or grammars. Eliot learned the language by taking into his home a Native American boy, a captive in the Pequot War, who had learned to speak and understand everyday English and also to read it; he could not write. The boy's pronunciation was very distinct. As Eliot listened, he made word lists which revealed inflexional endings, differentiated nouns from verbs and singulars from plurals, and gave many hints of language behavior to Eliot, who had a distinct gift for such understanding. The process of mastering this strange tongue well enough to use it for expressing his own thought was arduous, but Eliot persisted, and on Oct. 28, 1646, preached his first sermon in Algonquian to a small group of Native Americans gathered at the wigwam of a chieftain at Nonantum (now Newton). The Native Americans understood well enough to question him. They felt his friendliness and invited him to preach again.
First Native American Bible
A detailed report of the first four of these woodland meetings, taken down by another minister, was given to Edward Winslow, newly appointed agent of the colony. It was immediately printed in London under the title "The Day-Breaking, if not the Sun-Rising of the Gospell with the Indians in New England." Winslow drafted a bill which led to Parliament's chartering the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel among the Native Americans of New England. Throughout England and Wales funds were solicited. With this money Eliot bought school supplies, carpenter and farm tools, cloth, spinning wheels, and other articles needed in the work of education and civilization to which, in addition to his Roxbury parish, he devoted the remainder of his life. The first edition of his translation of the Bible into Algonquian (1661-1663) was the first Bible printed in the Colonies.
This story has many chapters. Fourteen self-governing Native American towns were founded, native teachers and preachers trained, and new skills learned and practiced. But King Philip's War (1675-1676) destroyed the Native American towns; only four were rebuilt. The "Praying Indians," exiled to Deer Island, suffered lamentably. John Eliot died in 1690, before restoration of the villages had really begun. But he had lived to see the second edition of his Native American Bible. With this book he had written the beginnings of a pioneering story in race relations for his own day. His feat of translation is still a marvel to scholars.
Further Reading
A full-length study of Eliot is Ola Elizabeth Winslow, John Eliot, "Apostle to the Indians" (1968). He is also discussed in Walter Eliot Thwing, History of the First Church in Roxbury (1908); Samuel Eliot Morison, Builders of the Bay Colony (1930); and William Kellaway, The New England Company, 1649-1776 (1961).
Additional Sources
Tinker, George E., Missionary conquest: the Gospel and Native American cultural genocide, Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Husband Parnell SCUDDER
Born: 1590 - Darenth, Kent, England
Christened: 4 Nov 1607 - Father's Will
Died:
Buried:
Father: William SCUDDER (1565-1607)
Mother: Mrs. Margery Or Margaret SCUDDER (1567-After 1607)
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Thomas SCUDDER
Born: 4 Nov 1607 - Darenth, Kent, England
Christened: - Father's Will
Died:
Buried:
Father: William SCUDDER (1565-1607)
Mother: Mrs. Margery Or Margaret SCUDDER (1567-After 1607)
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Edmund SHAEFE
Born:
Christened: 17 Mar 1559-17 Mar 1560 - Cranbrook, Kent, England, St Dunstan Chrh
Died: 1 Nov 1626 - Cranbrook, Kent, England
Buried: 1 Nov 1626 - St. Dunstan's, Cranbrook, Kent, England
Father: Thomas SHEAFE (1532-1604)
Mother: Mary HARMON (1536-1609)
Marriage:
Other Spouse: Joan JORDAN ( - ) - 15 Aug 1599 - Cranbrook, Kent, England
Other Spouse: Joan DOWNE ( - )
Wife Elizabeth TAYLOR
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Wife Anna SHAEFFE
Born: - Tenterden, Kent, England
Christened: 20 Feb 1591 - St. Dunstan's, Cranbrook, Kent, England
Died:
Buried:
Father: Richard SHEAFE (1558-1621)
Mother: Margery ROBERTS (1564-1721)
Children
Husband
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Wife Catharine SHAEFFE
Born: - Cranbrook, Kent, England
Christened: 13 Jan 1582 - Cranbrook, Kent, England
Died: 1613
Buried:
Father: Richard SHEAFE (1558-1621)
Mother: Margery ROBERTS (1564-1721)
Children
Husband Harman SHAEFFE
Born:
Christened: 12 Oct 1606 - St. Dunstan's, Cranbrook, Kent, England
Died: After 1625
Buried:
Father: Richard SHEAFE (1558-1621)
Mother: Margery ROBERTS (1564-1721)
Marriage: - , England
Other Spouse: Elizabeth PANCKHURST ( - ) - , England
Other Spouse: Mary BUTCHER ( - ) - , England
Other Spouse: Mary WOOD ( - ) - , England
Wife Mary SWINOCK
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Harman SHAEFFE
Born:
Christened: 12 Oct 1606 - St. Dunstan's, Cranbrook, Kent, England
Died: After 1625
Buried:
Father: Richard SHEAFE (1558-1621)
Mother: Margery ROBERTS (1564-1721)
Marriage: - , England
Other Spouse: Elizabeth PANCKHURST ( - ) - , England
Other Spouse: Mary BUTCHER ( - ) - , England
Other Spouse: Mary SWINOCK ( - ) - , England
Wife Mary WOOD
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Benjamin SHATTUCK
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: William SHATTUCK (Abt 1622-1672)
Mother: Susannah ( -1686)
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
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Children
Husband
Born:
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Died:
Buried:
Wife Joanna SHATTUCK
Born:
Christened:
Died: 4 Apr 1673 - Waltham, Middlesex, Massachusetts
Buried:
Father: William SHATTUCK (Abt 1622-1672)
Mother: Susannah ( -1686)
Children