Husband Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 23 Aug 1667
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE (1628-1688)
Mother: Marie MIVILLE (1632-1702)
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 1628 - Soissons, Ile-de-France, France
Christened:
Died: 19 Dec 1688 - Quebec
Buried:
Father: Philippe AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE (1595- )
Mother: Anne CONVENT (Abt 1601- )
Marriage: 22 Nov 1650 - Notre Dame de Quebec
Wife Marie MIVILLE
Born: 13 Dec 1632 - N.-d, Hiers-Brouage, Saintonge, France
Christened:
Died: 5 Sep 1702 - Hotel Dieu, Quebec, Quebec
Buried:
Father: Pierre MIVILLE-DESCHENES DIT LESUISSE (Abt 1602-1669)
Mother: Charlotte MAUGIS (Abt 1605-1676)
Children
1 F Francoise AMIOT
Born: 12 Jul 1660 - Notre-Dame de Quebec, Quebec, Quebec
Christened:
Died: 8 Feb 1736
Buried:
Spouse: Charles GINGRAS (1655-1710)
Marr: 5 Nov 1675 - Notre Dame de Quebec
2 M Charles AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 20 Oct 1651
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
3 M Pierre AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 27 Jan 1653
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
4 F Anne Marie AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 21 Mar 1654
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Jean HUARD (1641-1708)
Marr: 30 Apr 1670 - Notre Dame, Quebec, Quebec
5 F Marguerite AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 24 Jan 1656
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
6 M Jean Baptiste AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 25 Jun 1658
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
7 M Jean AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 10 May 1662
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
8 F Catherine Ursule AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 21 Apr 1664
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
9 M Daniel Joseph AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 4 Oct 1665
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
10 M Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 23 Aug 1667
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
11 M Phliippe AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 9 Apr 1669
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
12 F Jeanne AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 22 Nov 1670
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
13 M Etiienne AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 10 Nov 1672
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
14 F Marie AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 1674
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
15 F Marie Francoise AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 13 Jun 1676
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
16 F Genevieve AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 5 Nov 1678
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
General Notes (Husband)
Sieur de Villen
http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3248946&id=I321
Birth: Entre 1626 et 1628 in Estrées,St-Quentin,Picardie,France 1 2
Death: 18 DEC 1688 in La cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-Québec,Québec,Québec,Capitale-Nationale, Qc 3 4
Burial: 19 DEC 1688 La cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-Québec,Québec,Québec,Capitale-Nationale, Qc 1
Event: Evénement Obtint un fief voisin de Ste-Croix 1
Immigration: 1636 Québec,Québec,Capitale-Nationale,Qc 5
Event: Evénement 1668 Lettres de Noblesse accordées mais non enregistrées 6
Event: Evénement 3 NOV 1672 concession de la Pointe-aux-Bouleaux près de Ste-Croix 6
Event: Evénement 16 APR 1687 augmentation de la concession 6
Event: Evénement 5 AVR 1701 concession vendue par sa veuve à Robert Choret 6
Originally from around Soissons, his father was at Quebec in teh summer of 1635. Matheiu, like his brother Jean was for several years interpreter for the Jesuits, working at their house at Three Rivers and perhaps also in Huronie. Then he made colonist and during hte rest of his life tried succeeded in accumulating a number of possessions. Thus, in 1649, the governor Louis d'Ailleboust conceded to him land at Trois Rivieres. At his marriage on 22 Oct 1650, Marie Miville brought him property in the town of Quebec. In 1661, the Jesuits gave hima concession of a lot in Sillery, where he built a house. In 6 Sep 1665, Jean Juchereau de Maur gave him, on Pointe-Villeneuve, near Saint-Augustin de Portneuf, a property that he __ in 1677 and in 1685; November 1672, Talon conceded him a fief and signeurie another somaine at Pointe-aux-Bouleaux.
À mesure que ses biens s’accumulaient, Mathieu devenait un personnage de plus en plus important dans la colonie. Comme notable, à Québec, il avait participé à l’élection d’un syndic en 1664 et, trois ans plus tard, le roi agréa la requête de Talon de lui octroyer des lettres de noblesse. Cependant, quand elles arrivèrent, en 1668, l’intendant ignorait s’il devait les faire enregistrer au Conseil souverain de Québec ou au parlement de Paris. En attendant la réponse de Versailles, il apprit que Louis XIV avait aboli tous les titres non encore enregistrés (1669). Trois autres colons avaient reçu des lettres de noblesse en même temps qu’Amiot. Eux ou leurs descendants les firent reconnaître en dépit de l’ordonnance de 1669. Amiot n’ayant fait aucune revendication au sujet des siennes, semble-t-il, elles furent définitivement annulées.
Mathieu became a very important personage in the colony. As a notable, at Quebec, he participated in teh election of a syndic in 1664, and, thre years later, teh king something about letters de noblesse.
Villeneuve laissa à ses héritiers plus de dettes et de soucis que de biens. En 1703, les dettes de la succession s’élevaient encore à 700? et Marie Miville, qui avait vendu les terres pour 1 500?, était morte (septembre 1702) des angoisses que lui causait un procès intenté contre elle par son fils Charles, l’aîné de ses 15 enfants.
2- Mathieu Amyot, dit Villeneuve épouse à Québec, le 22 novembre 1650, Marie Miville, née en 1632, à Notre-Dame de Brouage et fille de l'ancêtre Pierre Miville, dit LeSuisse et de Charlotte Maugis. Lors de son mariage, Marie Miville lui apporte en dot, une propriété dans la ville de Québec. En 1661, les Jésuites lui donne une concession d'un lot à Sillery, où il se construit une maison, tout en conservant sa demeure en ville.
En 1667, Jean Talon réclame pour ce colon, des lettres de noblesse qui sont accordées par le roi, mais révoquées deux ans plus tard, faute d’avoir été enregistrées.
The letters of nobility or whatever were apparently revoked two years later. Possibly because they weren't registered.
On compte seize enfants, au couple, dont cinq nous lient à la famille Amyot, un fils et quatre filles. They had six children of whom five lived, one son and four daughters.
Le fils, Pierre Amyot, dit Villeneuve, né le 27 janvier et baptisé le 02 février 1653, à Québec, épouse le 22 janvier 1681, dans l'église Notre-Dame-de-Cougnes, à La Rochelle, Louise Taudière, dit Renard, veuve de Pierre Augeard. Louise est née vers 1651, à St-Jean du Perrot, de La Rochelle. Deux de leurs enfants contribuent à la descendance qui nous lie aux Amiot-Villeneuve.
Premièrement, par Pierre Amyot, né en 1689, qui épouse en 1714, Marie-Thérèse Gilbert, née en 1693, fille de l’ancêtre Étienne Gilbert et de Marguerite Thibault. Deux de leurs enfants nous concernent. Marie Amiot-Villeneuve épouse en 1745, Charles-Jacques Rocheron et Louise Amiot-Villeneuve qui épouse Romain Dubuc en 1757.
Le deuxième fils de Pierre et Louise, par Joseph Amyot, dit Villeneuve, né en 1696, qui épouse en 1717, Louise Bouchard, née en 1701, fille de François Bouchard et Marguerite Simard. Leur fils Joseph Villeneuve s'est marié en 1746, avec Marianne Gagné, à Petite-Rivière Saint-François. Leur fille, Euphrosine Villeneuve épouse Claude Simard, en 1768.
Puis, les quatre filles de Mathieu Amyot, dit Villeneuve et Marie Miville créent les autres liens qui nous concernent, dans cette généalogie.
La première, Anne-Marie Amyot, née en 1654, épouse l’ancêtre Jean Huard en 1670.
La deuxième, Marie-Françoise Amyot, née en 1660, épouse en 1675 l’ancêtre Charles Gingras.
La troisième, Catherine-Ursule Amyot, née en 1664, épouse en 1683, Jean Duquet, dit Desroches, né en 1651, fils des ancêtres Denis Duquet et Catherine Gauthier.
Enfin la quatrième, Jeanne Amyot, née en 1670, épouse en 1691, Paul Tessier, né en 1667, fils des ancêtres Pierre Tessier et Catherine Varin.
Quant à Mathieu Amiot sieur de Villeneuve, il décède à l'âge d'environ 61 ans, et il est inhumé le 19 décembre 1688, à Québec. Sa veuve, Marie Miville, lui survit jusqu’au 5 septembre 1702.
3- Mathieu
Mathieu Amiot, sieur de Villeneuve, né en France vers 1628, possède, en 1655, un emplacement de 54 pieds de front sur le chemin Saint-Louis, avec une profondeur de 18 pieds, qui s'étend jusqu'à la partie sud-ouest du terrain de Chartier de Lotbinière, près du Cap-aux-Diamants.
À l'occasion de son mariage avec Marie Miville, le 21 novembre 1650, à Québec, Mathieu reçoit de son beau-père, Pierre Miville, une terre sur la Grande-Allée, voisine de celle de Jean Bourdon. Mathieu en posséda plusieurs autres : à Sillery, à la Châtellerie de Coulonges, à Saint-Augustin et au Cap-Rouge. Le recensement de 1681 enregistre le colon Amiot comme vivant dans la seigheurie de Maure, entre Trugal Catin et Jacques Lemarié, où il possède trois bêtes à cornes et trente arpents de terre en culture.
Pour résumer, rappelons que Mathieu est un vaillant défricheur. En 1668, des lettres de noblesse lui sont octroyées. Elles furent malheureusement de nul effet, écrit le père Archange Godbout, faute d'avoir été enregistrées. L'intendant Talon voulut réparer cet oubli en concédant à Mathieu Amiot, le 3 novembre 1672, la seigneurie de la Pointe-aux-Bouleaux (Villeneuve), près de Sainte-Croix de Lotbinière.
Mathieu et Marie élèvent une famille de 16 enfants et possèdent une descendance très nombreuse. Mathieu est décédé le 15 décembre 1688 et fut inhumé le lendemain, à Québec. Quant à Marie Miville, elle s'est éteinte à l'Hôtel-Dieu, le 5 septembre 1702, au temps de la moisson.
4- Notaire Duquet 6 Septembre 1665
Concession par Jean Juchereau de Maure a Mathieu Amiot
Pardevant Pierre Duquet nore Royal en la Nouvelle-France et Témoins soussignés fur présent en sa personne Jean Juchereau Sr de Maure lequel de son bon gré et volonté a recognu et confessé avoir donné et concédé et ces présentes donne et concede a titre de cens et rente seigneurialle payable par chacun an au jour et feste de Noel a Mathieu Amyot Sr de Villeneufve habitant ce pays a ce pnt et aceptant pour luy ses hoirs et ayant cause a l'advenir le nombre de douze arpents de terre de front sur vingt arpens de profondeur scitués au dela du Cap rouge , a prendre dans le fief de Cap Rouge appartenant au dit Sr de Maure , borné insy qu'il en suit scavoir quatre arpens au dessus de la pointe vulgairement appellée la pointe Villeneufve et huit arpents audes-sous en descendant vers Québecq .Pour en jouir par le dit Sr de Villeneufve ses hoirs et ayant cause a l'advenir plainement et paisiblement , en faire et disposer ainsy que bon luy semblera au moyen des présentes , ce présent don fait moyennant que le dit Sr de Villeneufve s'est obligé de payer au dit Sr de Maure ses hoirs par chacun an au dit jour et feste de Noel la somme de vingt sols tournois derente foncière bail d'heritage et non racheptable pour chacun des dit arpens de front et pour toute la d.....deux chapons vifs ou trente sols pour chacun d'iceux le tout de front payable a Québecq en la masion de di Sr bailleur ou au porteur de son pouvoir , jouira le sit preneur de tous droit de chasse et de pesche au devant et au dedans de la sit concession .Et les dit cens et rente porteront lots et ventes , saisinnes et amandes selon le costume de Paris quand le cas y escherra et en cas qu'il soit coonstruit des moulins en la dit seigneurie le sit preneur sera obliger d'apporter ses grains mouldre a l'un d'icieux , et se resserve toutefois le dit droit que luy on les sieur pourront chasser sur la dites concession quand bon lui semblera .Car ainsy etc promet tant etc obligeant etc renonçant etc .Fait et passé a Québec en l'estude de nors susd et sousigné le sixie jour de septembre 8 soixante l y c soixante cinq presence Michel Gamelin Me Chirugien aux Trois-Rivière et Louis Levasseur tesmoins soussignée avec les partyes et le notaire .
Juchereau
Mathieu Amyot
Michel Gamelin LeVasseur
Duquet
General Notes for Child Jeanne AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Sometihng abou ther being filles du roi - she was born in Quebec.
Husband Philippe AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 1595 - Soissons, Ile-de-France, France
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Anne CONVENT
Born: Abt 1601 - Estree, Picardie, France
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 1628 - Soissons, Ile-de-France, France
Christened:
Died: 19 Dec 1688 - Quebec
Buried:
Spouse: Marie MIVILLE (1632-1702)
Marr: 22 Nov 1650 - Notre Dame de Quebec
General Notes for Child Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Sieur de Villen
http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3248946&id=I321
Birth: Entre 1626 et 1628 in Estrées,St-Quentin,Picardie,France 1 2
Death: 18 DEC 1688 in La cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-Québec,Québec,Québec,Capitale-Nationale, Qc 3 4
Burial: 19 DEC 1688 La cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-Québec,Québec,Québec,Capitale-Nationale, Qc 1
Event: Evénement Obtint un fief voisin de Ste-Croix 1
Immigration: 1636 Québec,Québec,Capitale-Nationale,Qc 5
Event: Evénement 1668 Lettres de Noblesse accordées mais non enregistrées 6
Event: Evénement 3 NOV 1672 concession de la Pointe-aux-Bouleaux près de Ste-Croix 6
Event: Evénement 16 APR 1687 augmentation de la concession 6
Event: Evénement 5 AVR 1701 concession vendue par sa veuve à Robert Choret 6
Originally from around Soissons, his father was at Quebec in teh summer of 1635. Matheiu, like his brother Jean was for several years interpreter for the Jesuits, working at their house at Three Rivers and perhaps also in Huronie. Then he made colonist and during hte rest of his life tried succeeded in accumulating a number of possessions. Thus, in 1649, the governor Louis d'Ailleboust conceded to him land at Trois Rivieres. At his marriage on 22 Oct 1650, Marie Miville brought him property in the town of Quebec. In 1661, the Jesuits gave hima concession of a lot in Sillery, where he built a house. In 6 Sep 1665, Jean Juchereau de Maur gave him, on Pointe-Villeneuve, near Saint-Augustin de Portneuf, a property that he __ in 1677 and in 1685; November 1672, Talon conceded him a fief and signeurie another somaine at Pointe-aux-Bouleaux.
À mesure que ses biens s’accumulaient, Mathieu devenait un personnage de plus en plus important dans la colonie. Comme notable, à Québec, il avait participé à l’élection d’un syndic en 1664 et, trois ans plus tard, le roi agréa la requête de Talon de lui octroyer des lettres de noblesse. Cependant, quand elles arrivèrent, en 1668, l’intendant ignorait s’il devait les faire enregistrer au Conseil souverain de Québec ou au parlement de Paris. En attendant la réponse de Versailles, il apprit que Louis XIV avait aboli tous les titres non encore enregistrés (1669). Trois autres colons avaient reçu des lettres de noblesse en même temps qu’Amiot. Eux ou leurs descendants les firent reconnaître en dépit de l’ordonnance de 1669. Amiot n’ayant fait aucune revendication au sujet des siennes, semble-t-il, elles furent définitivement annulées.
Mathieu became a very important personage in the colony. As a notable, at Quebec, he participated in teh election of a syndic in 1664, and, thre years later, teh king something about letters de noblesse.
Villeneuve laissa à ses héritiers plus de dettes et de soucis que de biens. En 1703, les dettes de la succession s’élevaient encore à 700? et Marie Miville, qui avait vendu les terres pour 1 500?, était morte (septembre 1702) des angoisses que lui causait un procès intenté contre elle par son fils Charles, l’aîné de ses 15 enfants.
2- Mathieu Amyot, dit Villeneuve épouse à Québec, le 22 novembre 1650, Marie Miville, née en 1632, à Notre-Dame de Brouage et fille de l'ancêtre Pierre Miville, dit LeSuisse et de Charlotte Maugis. Lors de son mariage, Marie Miville lui apporte en dot, une propriété dans la ville de Québec. En 1661, les Jésuites lui donne une concession d'un lot à Sillery, où il se construit une maison, tout en conservant sa demeure en ville.
En 1667, Jean Talon réclame pour ce colon, des lettres de noblesse qui sont accordées par le roi, mais révoquées deux ans plus tard, faute d’avoir été enregistrées.
The letters of nobility or whatever were apparently revoked two years later. Possibly because they weren't registered.
On compte seize enfants, au couple, dont cinq nous lient à la famille Amyot, un fils et quatre filles. They had six children of whom five lived, one son and four daughters.
Le fils, Pierre Amyot, dit Villeneuve, né le 27 janvier et baptisé le 02 février 1653, à Québec, épouse le 22 janvier 1681, dans l'église Notre-Dame-de-Cougnes, à La Rochelle, Louise Taudière, dit Renard, veuve de Pierre Augeard. Louise est née vers 1651, à St-Jean du Perrot, de La Rochelle. Deux de leurs enfants contribuent à la descendance qui nous lie aux Amiot-Villeneuve.
Premièrement, par Pierre Amyot, né en 1689, qui épouse en 1714, Marie-Thérèse Gilbert, née en 1693, fille de l’ancêtre Étienne Gilbert et de Marguerite Thibault. Deux de leurs enfants nous concernent. Marie Amiot-Villeneuve épouse en 1745, Charles-Jacques Rocheron et Louise Amiot-Villeneuve qui épouse Romain Dubuc en 1757.
Le deuxième fils de Pierre et Louise, par Joseph Amyot, dit Villeneuve, né en 1696, qui épouse en 1717, Louise Bouchard, née en 1701, fille de François Bouchard et Marguerite Simard. Leur fils Joseph Villeneuve s'est marié en 1746, avec Marianne Gagné, à Petite-Rivière Saint-François. Leur fille, Euphrosine Villeneuve épouse Claude Simard, en 1768.
Puis, les quatre filles de Mathieu Amyot, dit Villeneuve et Marie Miville créent les autres liens qui nous concernent, dans cette généalogie.
La première, Anne-Marie Amyot, née en 1654, épouse l’ancêtre Jean Huard en 1670.
La deuxième, Marie-Françoise Amyot, née en 1660, épouse en 1675 l’ancêtre Charles Gingras.
La troisième, Catherine-Ursule Amyot, née en 1664, épouse en 1683, Jean Duquet, dit Desroches, né en 1651, fils des ancêtres Denis Duquet et Catherine Gauthier.
Enfin la quatrième, Jeanne Amyot, née en 1670, épouse en 1691, Paul Tessier, né en 1667, fils des ancêtres Pierre Tessier et Catherine Varin.
Quant à Mathieu Amiot sieur de Villeneuve, il décède à l'âge d'environ 61 ans, et il est inhumé le 19 décembre 1688, à Québec. Sa veuve, Marie Miville, lui survit jusqu’au 5 septembre 1702.
3- Mathieu
Mathieu Amiot, sieur de Villeneuve, né en France vers 1628, possède, en 1655, un emplacement de 54 pieds de front sur le chemin Saint-Louis, avec une profondeur de 18 pieds, qui s'étend jusqu'à la partie sud-ouest du terrain de Chartier de Lotbinière, près du Cap-aux-Diamants.
À l'occasion de son mariage avec Marie Miville, le 21 novembre 1650, à Québec, Mathieu reçoit de son beau-père, Pierre Miville, une terre sur la Grande-Allée, voisine de celle de Jean Bourdon. Mathieu en posséda plusieurs autres : à Sillery, à la Châtellerie de Coulonges, à Saint-Augustin et au Cap-Rouge. Le recensement de 1681 enregistre le colon Amiot comme vivant dans la seigheurie de Maure, entre Trugal Catin et Jacques Lemarié, où il possède trois bêtes à cornes et trente arpents de terre en culture.
Pour résumer, rappelons que Mathieu est un vaillant défricheur. En 1668, des lettres de noblesse lui sont octroyées. Elles furent malheureusement de nul effet, écrit le père Archange Godbout, faute d'avoir été enregistrées. L'intendant Talon voulut réparer cet oubli en concédant à Mathieu Amiot, le 3 novembre 1672, la seigneurie de la Pointe-aux-Bouleaux (Villeneuve), près de Sainte-Croix de Lotbinière.
Mathieu et Marie élèvent une famille de 16 enfants et possèdent une descendance très nombreuse. Mathieu est décédé le 15 décembre 1688 et fut inhumé le lendemain, à Québec. Quant à Marie Miville, elle s'est éteinte à l'Hôtel-Dieu, le 5 septembre 1702, au temps de la moisson.
4- Notaire Duquet 6 Septembre 1665
Concession par Jean Juchereau de Maure a Mathieu Amiot
Pardevant Pierre Duquet nore Royal en la Nouvelle-France et Témoins soussignés fur présent en sa personne Jean Juchereau Sr de Maure lequel de son bon gré et volonté a recognu et confessé avoir donné et concédé et ces présentes donne et concede a titre de cens et rente seigneurialle payable par chacun an au jour et feste de Noel a Mathieu Amyot Sr de Villeneufve habitant ce pays a ce pnt et aceptant pour luy ses hoirs et ayant cause a l'advenir le nombre de douze arpents de terre de front sur vingt arpens de profondeur scitués au dela du Cap rouge , a prendre dans le fief de Cap Rouge appartenant au dit Sr de Maure , borné insy qu'il en suit scavoir quatre arpens au dessus de la pointe vulgairement appellée la pointe Villeneufve et huit arpents audes-sous en descendant vers Québecq .Pour en jouir par le dit Sr de Villeneufve ses hoirs et ayant cause a l'advenir plainement et paisiblement , en faire et disposer ainsy que bon luy semblera au moyen des présentes , ce présent don fait moyennant que le dit Sr de Villeneufve s'est obligé de payer au dit Sr de Maure ses hoirs par chacun an au dit jour et feste de Noel la somme de vingt sols tournois derente foncière bail d'heritage et non racheptable pour chacun des dit arpens de front et pour toute la d.....deux chapons vifs ou trente sols pour chacun d'iceux le tout de front payable a Québecq en la masion de di Sr bailleur ou au porteur de son pouvoir , jouira le sit preneur de tous droit de chasse et de pesche au devant et au dedans de la sit concession .Et les dit cens et rente porteront lots et ventes , saisinnes et amandes selon le costume de Paris quand le cas y escherra et en cas qu'il soit coonstruit des moulins en la dit seigneurie le sit preneur sera obliger d'apporter ses grains mouldre a l'un d'icieux , et se resserve toutefois le dit droit que luy on les sieur pourront chasser sur la dites concession quand bon lui semblera .Car ainsy etc promet tant etc obligeant etc renonçant etc .Fait et passé a Québec en l'estude de nors susd et sousigné le sixie jour de septembre 8 soixante l y c soixante cinq presence Michel Gamelin Me Chirugien aux Trois-Rivière et Louis Levasseur tesmoins soussignée avec les partyes et le notaire .
Juchereau
Mathieu Amyot
Michel Gamelin LeVasseur
Duquet
Husband Phliippe AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 9 Apr 1669
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE (1628-1688)
Mother: Marie MIVILLE (1632-1702)
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Pierre AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE
Born: 27 Jan 1653
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Mathieu AMIOT DIT VILLENEUVE (1628-1688)
Mother: Marie MIVILLE (1632-1702)
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Husband Jean LAFOND DIT MONGRAIN
Born: 12 May 1646 - Trois-Rivieres, St-Maurice, Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Etienne PEPIN DE LAFOND (1615-1665)
Mother: Marie BOUCHER (1629- )
Marriage: 1697
Other Spouse: Catherine SENECAL ( - ) - 1670
Wife Catherine ANANONTHA
Born: - Huron Indian
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
General Notes (Husband)
Pioneer of Batiscan, administrator of Batiscan, a seigneurial judge
General Notes (Wife)
Previously married to Jacques Couturier, and to Jean Durand.
Husband Jean DURAND DIT LAFORTUNE
Born: Abt 1636 - Doeuil sur le Mignon, Saintonge, France
Christened:
Died: 1671 - St-Jean, Ille D'Orleans, Quebec
Buried:
Father: Louis DURAND (Abt 1610-1650)
Mother: Madeleine MALVANDE ( - )
Marriage: 26 Sep 1662 - Notre Dame de Quebec City, Quebec
Wife Catherine ANENONTHA
Born: 1648-1650 - Huron Indian
Christened:
Died: 11 Jan 1709 - Batiscan, Champlain, Quebec
Buried:
Children
1 M Louis Couturier DURAND
Born: 13 Nov 1670 - Sillery, Quebec
Christened:
Died: 1740-1741
Buried:
Spouse: Elisabeth-Agnes LATAILLE-TAILLON (1682- )
Marr: 9 Sep 1698 - Notre Dame de Quebec City, Quebec
Spouse: Marie-Jeanne HOUDE (1685-1749)
Marr: 30 Jan 1719 - St. Nicholas de Tilly, Quebec
2 F Marie CAtherine DURAND
Born: 4 Jun 1666 - Sillery, Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
3 M Ignace DURAND
Born: 1669 - Sillery, Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
General Notes (Husband)
Jean Durand arrived in Quebec from France in the 1600's. The names contained in this file lists the names of descendants in the book "Jean Durand et Sa Posterie" by Joseph and Viateur Durand published in 1954. A reprint of the book is available for $25 US by contacting M. Martin Durand, Association des familles Durand, Inc. Case postale 6700, Sillery, Quebec, Canada GIT 2W2. This book is in french and the first part gives a history of the first three generations of Jean Durand in Canada.I believe these authors relied on historical work of Elden Durand who published a book with limited distribution.Additions to the descendants of the above book were made in the 1976 book "Durand" by Beatrice Durand Derrick which is out of print. Beatrice had the first part of the above book translated into english.The Durand book was also incomplete in that many of the Durand descendants in Minnesota were not listed. My cousins, especially Edmund Durand and Richard Durand have been attempting to update the list to the present.If you have any additions or corrections to the information in the attached home page, I would be happy to add them to my database. I currently have 13,000 names entered and I know of several lines, especially in Minnesota, which have not be studied and recorded. Perhaps, in a year or two, I (we) will attempt to publish a current listing with the known Quebec and US Durands.I also have the ancestors of Leo Durand and Eleanor Dubeau documented to the first immigrants to Quebec.Roger E. Durand76 Marcin Hill, Burnsville, MN 55337 [email protected]
On September 23, 1662, Jean Durand, a peasant from the town of Doeuil in the province of Saintonge, having completed his three year contract to earn his way to New France, took to wife Catherine Annennontak, daughter of the late Nicolas Arendankir captain of the Hurons of Georgian Bay. In 1658, she fled her fathers death and the annihilation of the Huron nation by Iroquois armed with Dutch and English muskets. The orphan and 200 other women and children were led to Quebec by the Jesuit missionaries who had been converting them. She was reared and taught in the French manner" by Madam de la Peltrie and Marie de l'Incarnation at the Ursuline convent in Quebec, so that she "could someday marry a Frenchman." The Jesuits of Canada dowried her for marrying her frenchman, giving 350 livres to the newlyweds. She was fourteen years old.
General Notes (Wife)
Catherine was a Huron Indian. She was orphaned in war with the English and Dutch to the south, and women and children from her tribe were brought to Quebec by missionaries who had been trying to convert them. Catherine was raised by nuns in the French culture as a prospective bride for a French settler.
Her name is spelled a variety of ways.
Catherine Annennontak was daughter of the late Nicolas Arendankir captain of the Hurons of Georgian Bay. In 1658, she fled her father's death and the annihilation of the Huron nation by Iroquois armed with Dutch and English muskets. The orphan and 200 other women and children were led to Quebec by the Jesuit missionaries who had been converting them. She was reared and taught in the French manner" by Madam de la Peltrie and Marie de l'Incarnation at the Ursuline convent in Quebec, so that she "could someday marry a Frenchman." The Jesuits of Canada dowried her for marrying her frenchman, giving 350 livres to the newlyweds. She was fourteen years old.
General Notes for Child Louis Couturier DURAND
A note in this relatively well researched Genconnect database says that other records show death June 1740 in Lanoraie, Quebec.
http://www.uwgb.edu/wisfrench/family/history/ldurand.htm
Louis Durand was born November 13, 1670 at Sillery, Quebec, Canada to Jean and Katherine (Annannontak) Durand. Louis was the third and last child to this marriage. His older brother Ignace, born 1669, also became a voyageur, "coureur de bois", and made many trips up the Ottawa River. Louis Durand's father Jean Durand, died when Louis was just one year old at the age of thirty-five of unknown causes. His mother soon remarried Jacques Coutourier and together they reared Louis in additio n to having six additional children, of which (five survived). Louis also had an older sister named Marie, born June 4th 1666. She married Mathurin Cadot at Montreal on July 31st, 1688. Since his mother Katherine was a full blooded Huron Indian, (see the Amerindian Princess April edition), it was likely that Louis was at least bilingual in French and Native American Languages. His mother Katherine was reported to have spoken many languages. Katherine's father was a distinguished chieftain from the Bear Cla n of the Huron nation, before the Iroquois warriors massacred him when Katherine was just an infant. (see article, The Huron Indians , April edition).
According to the map, it has been documented that Louis Durand and his fellow voyageurs traveled at least into what is now known as Minnesota and Wisconsin. In 1696, this territory was known as part of "New France".
Louis Durand began his life as a Voyageur at the age of 17 years old when he was invited by a trading company about the first of Sept. 1691 to replace a voyageur, Joseph Guillet also known as squire de Bellefeuille., who had suddenly become sick, just before a voyage was to begin. Louis agreed to "go up to the Outaouais country with the company to help transport merchandise, to trade for fur, and all that was honestly and lawfully expected of him" He, was permitted to trade his gun, a blanket, six shirts and one coat for his own profit and to transport the fur belonging to himself in the returning canoe which he manned. This was Louis Durand. s first known voyage. He had also participated in additional voyages before the voyage of 1696.
The beginning of the Voyage 1696
On April 11, 1696 in Montreal, Louis Durand (now age 29) and Joseph Moreau signed a contract with Marie-Therese Guyon, the wife of Antoine de Lamothe-Cadillac. In this contract, Durand and Moreau agreed to leave Montreal for Michellimakinac with merchandise to be delivered to Commander C adillac at Michillimakinac. They were to leave with the next canoe convoy leaving Montreal. Upon return the following Sept. they were each to be paid a salary of one hundred pounds in silver. They were each permitted to take along one hundred pounds of merchandise to trade for their own profit.
Cadillac later encouraged them to form an association after their arrival in late April at Fort Michellimakinac and to plan a voyage to establish trading relations with the Sioux Indian who lived far to the west. Cadillac also encouraged them to join up with another Voyageur by the name of Mathieu Sauton.
Because of legal problems and wrangling with Commander Cadillac at Fort Michillimakinac, Louis Durand and his fellow Voyageurs did not depart on their voyage until sometime after July 27th 1696. Additionally, Cadillac had seized many of their trading possession and they had to borrow from other traders in order to make this voyage.
With resupplied canoes of trading goods and st aples the Voyageurs left to navigate the waterways on this famous voyage. When they arrived in the area of what we now call Green Bay WI. they entered the mouth of the Fox River. There, they probably traded with the local tribes to obtain the smaller canoes to travel the Fox, Wisconsin and Mississippi River waters.
Louis Durand had been a Voyageur for twelve years by the time he and his fellow Voyageurs made this historic trip. He was comfortable in the beauty and ways of nature. The Huron Indian s had lived amongst nature and the rivers for hundreds of years. They were known to have developed the advanced agricultural methods including cultivation and gardening and also lived amongst the harvesting of natural foods and herbs. They were known as "dwellers amongst the rivers" and were known to dry and preserve fish as well as other meats. Louis was particularly noted for being an excellent Voyageur since his survival skills had withstood the test of time since he was a young boy. He enjoyed being amo ngst nature and being a Voyageur meant freedom from the regimented life of the Colony. Louis and his fellow Voyageurs wintered in the region (probably along the Mississippi or Missouri River amongst the Sioux) and returned the following year with furs and hides as well as new information which became a part of the oral and written history of the Durand family This voyage may of had an impact on our ancestors eventually migrating to the Mississippi region.
Even though Louis Durand and his fello w Voyageurs were intimidated and had many of their original possessions taken from them by Commander Cadillac, records indicate that Louis did not back away from confronting Cadillac and pursued him in court upon his return from this historic voyage. Louis Durand also saw to it that his mother, Katherine, was cared for when he was on this voyage, by arranging credit for her at local merchants, and to be paid by him upon his return from the profits of his trading.
Louis Durand never attended sc hool, and could neither read or write, however, at a very young age he could read the great book of nature which taught a great deal of practical knowledge. The forests, lakes, and rivers held no secrets for this "coureur des bois". He knew the trees and herbs of the forest, the properties of each, the habits of all the animals of the forests, how to hunt and trap them. He knew all the kinds of fish how to catch them. He knew how to make a canoe from the bark of a tree and how to navigate it up and down the rivers and rapids. He knew how to put on a pair of snowshoes and overcome deep snow for twelve to fifteen miles in one day.
There was a time in his life when he thought nothing of leaving for the wilderness of Labrador in Eskimo land, the shores of the Great Lakes, the Missouri River in Sioux Country or just a short voyage in neighboring forests. Very few situations found him unprepared; he was the man for unforeseen circumstances. Had he not journeyed America from Labrador to the Western Prai ries Frequented the many Indian nations to hunt? Was he not familiar with the dialects and customs of the many tribes he met in his travels?
References
Our French Ancestry in Huron County, 1631-1976
by T.W. Denomme 1976
The Adventures of Louis Durand, Joseph Moreau and Sieur de Antoine Laumet de La Mothe Cadillac
By Roger E. Durand
The Amerindian Princess
By Paul M. Dumais, M.Ed.
Why I’ll Drive an Oldsmobile but never a Cadillac
or
The Adventures of Louis Durand, Joseph Moreau and Sieur Antoine Laumet de La Mothe Cadillac
by Roger Durand
Reprinted with permission from The Journal of the French-Canadian Heritage Society of Michigan, vol 18 #3, July 1997.
1. Introduction
This is a report of two voyageurs who, in 1696, had their possessions taken from them by a military official. They then brought a lawsuit against that official and won, but eventually received a only a fraction of the court judgement in out of court settlements. The military official went on to establish a city now named Detroit, and later became governor of Louisiana.
The primary sources for the information below is taken from: 1) the work by Mr. Elden Durand titled Durand: Jean Durand dit LaForturne and His Desendants which was printed in 1944 in Louisville, KY with limited distribution; 2) the book by Joseph and Viateur Durand titled Jean Durand et sa Posterite which was first printed in 1954 and is currently available from L’Association des Familles Durand, Inc., C.P. 6700, Sillery, P. Quebec, GIT 2W2 (in French). Other sources are footnoted or are listed at the end of the report.
The best summary of the case is found in the letter of Intendant Bochart Champigny to the King of France Louis XIV, dated 3 Jul. 1698. When Elden Durand wrote his work, he referred to the letter as being in the Burton Historical Collections at the Detroit Public Library. Elden Durand also referred to Vol. XXXIII, pages 86-94 of the 1904 Historical Collections by the Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society.
2. Situation in New France in 1696
a. People involved in the case:
Louis Durand, voyageur
Pierre Moreau, voyageur
Cadillac, Sieur de Antoine Laumet de La Mothe Cadillac, Commandant of troops at Michillimakinac,
Marie-Therese Guyon, wife of Cadillac
Frontenac, Louis de Baude, Comte de Palluau et de Frontenac, Governor of New France
Champigny or Intendant, Sieur de Champigny, Intendant of Justice, Police and Finance of New France
Assistant Intendant de LaTouche, Champigny subordinate in Montreal region
Sovereign Council
Merchants
b. Authority in New France:
1. Governor--Governor Frontenac was the official directly responsible for defense and security (dealing with the Indian and English threats).
2. Intendant--Intendant Champigny was charged with the duties of regulating trade and economic activities. He was to maintain peace and order among the French inhabitants and he was to maintain their existing property rights. He had the authority to hear complaints and petitions and he was to see to it that the inhabitants were permitted to live at peace and work without interruption.
3. Bishop--Bishop Laval was the spiritual leader in New France. On occasion, the jurisdiction of both the governor and the intendant were questioned by Bishop Laval. He believed firmly that the princes and rulers of this world ought to be subject to guidance and control at the hands of the Pope, the vicar of Christ on earth. But he himself was the Pope’s vicar, and so far as the bounds of Canada extended, the Holy Father had clothed him with his own authority. On more that one occasion the bishop used his powers of excommunication to exert control over the civil authorities.
[ Note: Neither intendant nor governor was subordinate to the other, each being directly responsible to the ministry at Paris, but each was on occasion to find his authority challenged by the other. Among offices as important as were those of the intendant, the governor, and the bishop; there were bound to be clashes of jurisdiction as we shall see in the lawsuit below.]
c. Conditions at Michillimakinac
Father Etienne Carheil’s letter to Intendant Champigny painted a vivid picture of the situation at Fort Michillimakinac. Francis Parkman quoted the letter in his book on Canada:
"Next in importance to the Jesuit Iroquois missions were those among the Algonquins of the northern lakes. Here was the grand domain of the beaver trade; and the chief woes of the missionary sprang not from the Indians, but from his own countrymen. Beaver-skins had produced an effect akin to that of gold in our own day, and the deepest recesses of the wilderness were invaded by eager seekers after gain. The focus of the evil was at Father Marquette's old mission of Michillimakinac. First, year after year came a riotous invasion of coureurs de bois, and then a garrison of soldiers followed to crown the mischief. Discipline was very weak at these advanced posts, and, to eke out their pay, the soldiers were allowed to trade; brandy, whether permitted or interdicted, being the chief article of barter. Father Etienne Carheil was driven almost to despair; and he wrote to the Intendant, his fast friend and former pupil, the long letter already mentioned. "Our missions," he says, "are reduced to such extremity that we can no longer maintain them against the infinity of disorder, brutality, violence, injustice, impiety, impurity, insolence, scorn, and insult, which the deplorable and infamous traffic in brandy has spread universally among the Indians of these parts.... In the despair in which we are plunged, nothing remains for us but to abandon them to the brandy sellers as a domain of drunkenness and debauchery."
He complains bitterly of the officers in command of the fort, who, he says, far from repressing disorders, encourage them by their example, and are even worse than their subordinates, "insomuch that all our Indian villages are so many taverns for drunkenness and Sodoms for iniquity, which we shall be forced to leave to the just wrath and vengeance of God." He insists that the garrisons are entirely useless, as they have only four occupations: first, to keep open liquor shops for crowds of drunken Indians; secondly, to roam from place to place, carrying goods and brandy under the orders of the commandant, who shares their profits; thirdly, to gamble day and night; fourthly, to "turn the fort into a place which I am ashamed to call by its right name;" and he describes, with a curious amplitude of detail, the swarms of Indian girls who are hired to make it their resort. "Such, monseigneur, are the only employments of the soldiers maintained here so many years."
3. Events at Montreal and LaChine
Contract between Louis Durand, Joseph Moreau and Marie-Therese Guyon, wife of Cadillac
On the morning of April 11, 1696, in Montreal, two voyageurs by the names of Louis Durand and Joseph Moreau arrived at the office of notary Antoine Adhemar and signed a contract with Marie-Therese Guyon, the wife of Antoine de Lamothe-Cadillac. In this contract, Durand and Moreau agreed to leave Montreal for Michillimakinac with merchandise to be delivered to commander Cadillac at Michillimakinac. They were to leave with the next canoe convoy leaving Montreal. Upon their return to Montreal the following September, Mrs. Cadillac would pay each of them a salary of one hundred pounds in silver. The contract stated that they were each permitted to take one hundred pounds worth of merchandise to trade for their own profit, and when they reached their contract destination they would be permitted to go where they wished. The authorization to bring merchandise was contained in a license issued by the governor of New France, Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac, to his military subordinate Cadillac.
Besides the written contract, there was also a verbal contract (this was alleged to be true by Durand and Moreau but, under oath, denied by Mrs. Cadillac-- the courts discounted Mrs. Cadillac’s oath) between Mrs. Cadillac and the two voyageurs in which Durand and Moreau agreed to take merchandise in excess of the contract. By the time Durand and Moreau were ready to fill their canoes upstream of Lachine on the Ottawa River north of Montreal, they had even more merchandise to load. In total they showed up on the river banks with the following: 1) Merchandise allowed by the trading license and contract with Cadillac; 2) Extra goods by verbal contract with Guyon; and 3) Extra goods added in by Moreau and Durand for their own profit (justified, they felt because of the low wages they were to receive by their contract).
The incident at Lachine
While Durand and Moreau were loading their second canoe at Lachine, assistant intendant de LaTouche, (on orders from Intendant Champigny to insure the canoe convoy complied with the terms specified in their trading licenses from the King), stopped the loading by Durand and Moreau. De LaTouche noted that their merchandise was in excess of the Frontenac permit, and de LaTouche confiscated what he thought to be the total of the excess merchandise and had it sold at an auction. These funds went to the l’Hotel-Dieu (charity) in Montreal.
However, de LaTouche didn’t get all of the excess merchandise. The canoe which had been seized was reloaded with merchandise from other canoes which had been overloaded by Durand and Moreau but not detected by de LaTouche. They eventually filled their canoe and two other canoes of the Indians who went up the river at the same time with them.
4. Fort Michillimakinac
Arrival in Michillimakinac and formation of a new partnership
The convoy left toward the end of April and arrived at Michillimakinac without any more incidents. Commander Cadillac received the two voyageurs who brought his merchandise. He urged them to form a company to trade with the Sioux and requested that the two partners take in another partner, a voyageur by the name of Mathieu Sauton, who was also from Montreal. (Sauton had brought merchandise worth one thousand five hundred and thirty-nine pounds.) Cadillac was personally interested in the plans of the company because it was he who would be suppling them with seven thousand pounds of merchandise for trading and he was to personally receive profits from the trading on these goods. The three voyageurs agreed to the plan but delayed their departure from Michillimakinac in order to sell some of the brandy to the troops, traders, and no doubt the Indians around the Fort.
Quarrel between Louis Durand and Cadillac and the imprisonment of Durand and Moreau
Cadillac’s good will toward the traders changed drastically when he learned of the incident at Lachine which put him in a bad situation with the Intendant Champigny who had already reproached him several times for various complaints including transporting merchandise in excess of the permits granted by the King’s orders. Cadillac had always claimed that he was innocent and maintained that the complaints against him were unjustified. Various sources doubt his innocence. ( Margry, Origines francaise, t. V. CXXII).
Cadillac and Durand exchanged angry words and subsequently Cadillac had Durand arrested under the pretext that he answered him insolently. He also accused Durand of killing or injuring an Indian’s dog.
From prison Louis Durand sent a message to Cadillac that he would not (and could not while in jail) complete the trade agreement they had made. Joseph Moreau also refused to fulfill the obligation of the contract since he no longer had Durand to help him. Shortly thereafter, Moreau was also imprisoned because he was attempting to break his contract and, according to Cadillac, trying to help Durand escape.
Confiscation of the Durand/ Moreau goods by Cadillac
Following the imprisonment of Moreau and Durand, Cadillac undertook a course of action which led to the lawsuits of which are the subject of this report.
On July 27, while the two voyageurs were in prison, Cadillac sent a sergeant and some soldiers from the garrison to the cabin where Louis and Joseph kept their merchandise. The soldiers took for Cadillac’s use the the voyageur’s hardware, guns, food, wine, canoes, and strong box. Among the many items were: twenty pounds of lead, five barrels of powder, fifteen sacks of wheat, a piece of red fabric from Limbourg, eighteen lengths, worth twelve pounds a length, blankets, a pair of stockings from Saint Mazant, a military coat; seven packs of beaver, two otter pelts, two elk skins, three hind skins, a quantity of "dry goods", eighteen pounds of vermillion, and more. The brandy must have sold well!
Cadillac ordered their strong box opened and this contained the following: papers, two razors, a mirror, a seal, a half pound of pepper, salt, nutmeg, a pocket knife, a knife, a stick of Spanish wax, six packs of playing cards, an ink pot and several trading documents including two bills of credit--one for sixteen hundred pounds and one for fifteen hundred pounds, from people who had bought brandy. Cadillac then had the audacity to rewrite these bills in his name. These capricious actions of the powerful Cadillac against the two voyageurs were apparently not uncommon occurrences according to Cadillac’s contemporary authors.
Several days later the two partners were released from prison and they found themselves stripped of all their possessions. Since Cadillac was the law of the land at the frontier, they had nowhere to turn for justice and they had to borrow from other traders to survive. They were able, nevertheless, to acquire some merchandise for trade with the Sioux. They probably spent the fall and winter amongst the Sioux and they eventually returned to Montreal and Quebec in the fall of 1697.
5. Quebec and the lawsuit
Durand and Moreau take legal action against Cadillac
After their travels in the west, Durand and Moreau went to Quebec and waited for the return of Cadillac. It is apparent from existing documents that members of the Quebec Sovereign Council heard of the details of Cadillac’s actions against Durand and Moreau and they felt that Cadillac’s actions were so egregious that he should be brought before the court. Although Durand and Moreau were not the first to be bullied and wronged by Cadillac, they were the first to dare to challenge his actions before the courts.
Louis Durand and Joseph Moreau presented the commander with a long petition against him. Their primary demands included the two hundred pounds owed them for wages, and reimbursement for the bills of credit as well as for all the merchandise he had taken from them. At the end of the petition, which was filed through Commissioner Champigny's office and dated Sept. 14, 1697, there was a summons for Cadillac to answer within three days. An appointment was made for the following Tuesday at nine A.M. Bailiff Prieur brought the petition, the summons, and the appointment to Cadillac that same day. Cadillac returned the petition and claimed that the merchandise was his own. Moreau and Durand refuted this and Cadillac was ordered to make a written answer.
Agreement to arbitration
Accusations and verbal counterattacks between Cadillac and Moreau/Durand went back and forth and on Nov. 23, 1697 the voyageurs and Cadillac agreed to a compromise which would keep them out of court. They agreed to the choice of the two merchants, Hazeur and Francois Viennay-Pachot, as arbitrators in their disagreement. Each merchant was to represent one of the parties and the arbiters could, if desired, choose a referee to decide the case. They did employ such a referee and his name was Chambalon.
Sensitive issues
Issues and questions regarding the facts in the case arose which required more in depth investigations and oaths by the parties involved, including Mrs. Cadillac. The Intendant appointed a man named Dupuy from the prevostship of Quebec as a separate investigator. He attempted to learn the answer to the following issues: 1) What was the value of the merchandise traded in the land of the Sioux and Ottawa by Louis Durand and Joseph Moreau; 2) Was trade to the Sioux country authorized by Cadillac--against a strict policy at the time which was to prohibit such excursions; and 3) Did or did not Mrs. Cadillac make a verbal agreement with Durand and Moreau.
Cadillac made it clear that he wanted the arbitrators and Dupuy to cease investigation in these areas of the case and made threats against the parties involved. Indeed, he had his superior Frontenac intercede on his behalf. Dupuy continued his investigation in spite of opposition from Cadillac. The following day Frontenac had Dupuy seized and thrown into prison for continuing against the wishes of Cadillac, which were also his own. This was not the first time Cadillac or Frontenac solved their problems by incarcerating their adversaries.
Louis Durand agrees to out of court settlement
The suit didn’t appear to be going well for Louis Durand and he wasn’t able, because of the suit, to earn a living. He had been residing in Quebec since Sept. 24, 1697, and seeing no end to the affair, decided it would be wise to put an end to his expenses. Consequently, on Jan. 23, 1698, he filed a paper to rescind his suit against Cadillac and made arrangements to do so through Gilles Rageot, notary in the provost of Quebec.
On the same day, apparently in exchange for his withdrawal from the suit, he received an agreement from Cadillac to pay a bill of two hundred and fifty pounds which Durand owed Nicolas Janvrin, a Montreal merchant. Cadillac agreed to do this as soon as Durand left for Michillimakinac. We know that Cadillac did not fulfill his promise until much later, because there is a copy of this payment to Nicolas Janvrin dated the following October. That was all that Durand would receive from Cadillac.
Failure of arbitration
The lawsuit of Joseph Moreau followed its course. On Feb. 14, 1698 the arbitrators Hazeur, Pachot and Louis Chambalon, intimidated by the imprisonment of Judge Dupuy and by the interference of Frontenac on Cadillac's behalf, and no longer feeling free to do as they had been instructed, withdrew from the case. On Feb.25, 1698 the Sovereign Council took up the case again.
Subsequent litigation before the Sovereign Council
The Sovereign Council considered a request by Cadillac to return the case to the Quebec provost's office. Cadillac complained (probably correctly ) that he could not possibly receive a fair hearing before the Intendant because the Intendant had already advised his adversary (Moreau) and had previously imposed a large fine on Cadillac for using brandy in his trade with the Indians. The Intendant withdrew from the courtroom while the other members of the Sovereign Council heard Cadillac’s protestations. In the end, the Council decided to keep the case in the Sovereign Council and recommended that Intendant Champigny should remain as judge in the case. Cadillac was furious.
Another session of the Sovereign Council was held on Mar. 10th. Cadillac declared that since he was refused a change of venue, he would appeal to a higher court (in France) and Governor Frontenac announced that he was not able to refuse this appeal until he received notice from the King’s Council in France. At that, the Attorney General called for all communication on the subject to study what should be done.
On Monday, Mar. 17, at the request of the Attorney General, a special session was ordered for Friday, Mar. 21. At this session the Governor and the Intendant removed themselves temporarily from the courtroom and the council recommended to the Intendant that he should send the information on the case to the Secretary of State in Paris, Mr. de Pontchartrain, so that the court could receive the opinion of the King regarding this sensitive and volatile case. In essence, this recommendation is what Frontenac was telling them to do.
However, Champigny knew that Secretary of State Pontchartrain was a nephew of Frontenac and he probably felt that Frontenac’s recommendations would carry more weight that his (Champigny’s). Furthermore, according to French custom the Sovereign Council usually decided jointly with the Intendant on all civil and criminal offenses; but the Intendant, if he thought it right, could judge a civil case alone (cf. Faillon, t. 3, p.537).
Intendant Champigny now decided to judge this case by himself. His verdict was rendered on April 2, 1698. He ordered Cadillac pay Moreau the sum of three thousand four hundred pounds six deniers. The next day Moreau requested satisfaction from Cadillac.
Frontenac intervenes
Cadillac, to gain time, sent a request for help to Frontenac. Frontenac sent back an order to delay the decision of the Intendant against Cadillac until it pleased the King to announce his opinion regarding the affair. This would obviously take months and was a delaying tactic.
Moreau drops his suit after an out of court settlement
Joseph Moreau, in spite of the verdict in his favor by the Intendant, felt that with Frontenac’s involvement he was not able to obtain justice in New France and decided to sail to France in October in order to bring his suit against Cadillac to the King. Cadillac, perhaps apprehensive that the outcome might go against him if Moreau would be able to plead his case in person, offered Moreau sixteen hundred pounds to settle the dispute. He then had influential people persuade Moreau that it would be better to accept this offer than to get nothing.
Moreau decided to accept the offer. However, before accepting it, he filed a deposition at the office of notary Roger on Oct.1, 1698 stating his reasons for withdrawing his suit against Cadillac. On Oct.9, Gilles Rageot drew up the withdrawal of the suit.
Later events
Frontenac knew that Chapigny was sending a letter of complaints against Cadillac and himself to the King. In order to insure that his side of the arguments would be aired before the king, Frontenac sent Cadillac to France in late 1698 as an official courier. Shortly after the ship left with Cadillac, Frontenac became ill and died on Nov. 28, 1698 in Quebec. This death was to remove some of the importance of the affair which reverberated for several years.
When Louis Durand withdrew his suit against Cadillac on Jan.3, 1698, the latter, as we've already stated, was to pay a debt of two hundred pounds which Louis owed Nicolas Janvrin, a Montreal merchant. According to Rageot’s records, this was done on Oct. 17, 1698. But instead of paying the debt in French currency, Cadillac had paid it in local currency which had about a quarter of the value! On Oct.23, Janvrin requested Louis Durand to pay the difference. But Louis had kept the right to recourse against Cadillac and, the next day, he petitioned the provost of Quebec to order Cadillac to pay the difference. The Lieutenant General of Quebec signed this petition, but at another hearing on Oct.27, the public defender, unbelievably, rejected it!
6. Importance of the case
Elden Durand summed the case up as follows:
"Early in 1696, three men entered into a partnership: Moreau, Sauton and Durand. Shortly afterward they were approached by and entered into an agreement to join Antoine de Lamothe Cadillac. Printed matter and court records have been obtained from the Palace of Justice of Quebec and Montreal, also from the Burton Historical Collection of the Public Library of Detroit, Michigan. In reviewing same we find their connection with Cadillac was most unpleasant - resulting in law suits that lasted from April 1696 to October 1699. Here we find how the courts proceeded to establish values of equities. The result of this case established for all time the security in Law regarding the ownership of personal property, the extension of credit by wholesalers, the protection for wholesaler’s accounts, titles of personal property and crushed forever the power of any one to seize property other than by or through the courts of Law."
Joseph Moreau married Francoise Frigon on Feb. 8, 1700. He is mentioned in book XVII of the Laforest Our French-Canadian Ancestor series.
Louis Durand also married and is the ancestor to thousands of Americans of French-Canadian descent. One of these descendants was Theophile Denomme, who was so helpful to me in my genealogical research in the last two years of his life. I never met him in person but I still recall the phone conversation where he explained the stages of genealogy addiction. He placed me in the first stages and warned me about neglecting family, etc. He went on to predict that since I was in the early stage (where one is just collecting names, places, dates) I would eventually get to the stage where one’s ancestors are put into the historical framework of their lives. He felt at this stage one really connects with mankind and one’s life perspectives change--he was right.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
References
Brown, George W., Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Vol. I, 1000-1700, Canada, University of Toronto Press and Les Presses de l’universite Laval, 1966
Denomme, Theophile W., Jean Durand and His Descendants, Michigan Habitant Heritage, Vol. 17 #2, Apr., 1996
Durand, Elden, Durand: Jean Durand dit LaFortune and his descendants, manuscript, Kentucky, 1944
Durand, Joseph, C.S.V., Viateur Durand, C.S.V., Jean Durand et sa Posteritie, L’ Association des Familles Durand, Inc., Montreal, 1954
Laforest, Thomas J., Jacques Saintonge, Our French-Canadian Ancestors, Palm Harbor, Fl, 1993
Margry, Origines francaise, t. V. CXXII
Parkman, Francis, France and England in North America, Volume I, New York, Viking Press, 1983
Reid, J. H. Stewart, Kenneth McNaught, Harry S. Crowe, A Source-book of Canadian History, Toronto, Longmans Canada Limited, 1959
Roger E. Durand
76 Marcin Hill
Burnsville, MN 55337
612-898-2896
E-mail:[email protected]
Husband Michel GIRARD
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Marc GIRARD ( - )
Mother: Magdeleine HEBER ( - )
Marriage:
Wife Francoise Anceau ANSEAUME
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Joachim GIRARD
Born: 1641 - St-Cyr-de-Vauadreuil, Evreux, Normandy, France
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Marie Halle HALAY (1643- )
Marr: 12 Sep 1660 - Quebec, Quebec
Spouse: Jeanne Marie-Anne CHALUT (1657- )
Marr: 1 Jun 1676 - Quebec, Quebec
Husband Jean Denys SALLE
Born: 1675 - Cougnes, La Rochelle, France
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage: 1600
Wife Frances ARNAULT
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Anne Marie SALLE
Born: 1600 - Cougnes, La Rochelle, France
Christened:
Died: 1691 - Port Royal, Richmond, Acadie
Buried:
Spouse: Francois AUCOIN (1599-1633)
Marr: 1615 - Cougnes, La Rochelle, France
Husband Pierre RICHAUME
Born: 1636 - Hiers-Brouage, Saintonge, France
Christened:
Died: 21 Apr 1713 - Montreal, Quebec
Buried:
Father: Simon RICHAUME (Abt 1600-1654)
Mother: CAtherine BELIOR (Abt 1612- )
Marriage: 16 Sep 1658 - Montreal, Quebec
Wife Marie Marthe ARNUE
Born: 28 Mar 1632 - La Rochelle, Aunis, France
Christened:
Died: 26 Aug 1700 - Montreal, Quebec
Buried:
Children
1 F Barbe RICHAUME
Born: Abt 1650 - Quebec?
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Pierre MEUNIER-LAPIERRE (1643-1694)
Marr: 12 Oct 1675 - Quebec
2 F Marthe RICHAUME
Born: Abt 1660 - Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
3 F Madeleine RICHAUME
Born: 28 Mar 1672 - Montreal, Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
4 F Elisabeth RICHAUME
Born: 1666 - Montreal, Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
5 F Jeanne RICHAUME
Born: Abt 1670 - Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
6 M Jacques RICHAUME
Born: Abt 1664 - Montreal, Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
7 F Marie RICHAUME
Born: Abt 1680 - Quebec
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
General Notes (Husband)
Source given: Drouin, Dictionnaire National Des Canadiens Francais, 1608-1760 p 1153.
General Notes (Wife)
Sources appear to include Emigration Rochelaise p 7 and Drouin p 1153.