African American descendants of persons who were enslaved in Perry County, Alabama in 1860, if they have an idea of the surname of the slaveholder, can check this list for the surname. If the surname is found, they can then view the microfilm for the details listed regarding the sex, age and color of the slaves. If the surname is not on this list, the microfilm can be viewed to see if there were smaller slaveholders with that surname. To check a master surname list for other States and Counties, return to Home and Links Page.

The information on surname matches of 1870 African Americans and 1860 slaveholders is intended merely to provide data for consideration by those seeking to make connections between slaveholders and former slaves. Particularly in the case of these larger slaveholders, the data seems to show in general not many freed slaves in 1870 were using the surname of their 1860 slaveholder. However, the data should be checked for the particular surname to see the extent of the matching.

The last U.S. census slave schedules were enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding 3,950,546 unnamed slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. The actual number of slaveholders may be slightly lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and they would have been counted as a separate slaveholder in each County. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with about 1 in 70 being a slaveholder. It is estimated by this transcriber that in 1860, slaveholders of 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S. The process of publication of slaveholder names beginning with larger slaveholders will enable naming of the holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work.

The last U.S. census slave schedules were enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding 3,950,546 unnamed slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. The actual number of slaveholders may be slightly lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and they would have been counted as a separate slaveholder in each County. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with about 1 in 70 being a slaveholder. It is estimated by this transcriber that in 1860, slaveholders of 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S. The process of publication of slaveholder names beginning with larger slaveholders will enable naming of the holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work.

SOURCES. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Perry County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 34) reportedly includes a total of 18,206 slaves, which ranks as the 6th highest total in the State and the 14th highest in the U.S. in 1860. This transcription includes 148 slaveholders who held 34 or more slaves in Perry County, accounting for 10,058 slaves, or 55% of the County total. The rest of the slaves in the County were held by a total of 897 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. Due to variable film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. Census data for 1860 was obtained from the Historical United States Census Data Browser, which is a very detailed, searchable and highly recommended database that can found at http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/ . Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was obtained using Heritage Quest's CD "African-Americans in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census", available through Heritage Quest at http://www.heritagequest.com/ .

FORMAT. This transcription lists the names of those largest slaveholders in the County, the number of slaves they held in the County, the name of the locality and the first census page on which they were listed. The page numbers used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the previous stamped number and a "B" being used to designate the pages without a stamped number. Unfortunately, many of the pages for Perry County were filmed out of sequence, but this transcription gives the beginning and end pages for the holders affected. Following the holder list is a separate list of the surnames of the holders with information on numbers of African Americans on the 1870 census who were enumerated with the same surname. The term "County" is used to describe the main subdivisions of the State by which the census was enumerated.

TERMINOLOGY. Though the census schedules speak in terms of "slave owners", the transcriber has chosen to use the term "slaveholder" rather than "slave owner", so that questions of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Racially related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in the source or at the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise.

PLANTATION NAMES. Plantation names were not shown on the census. Using plantation names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been changed through the years and because the sizeable number of large farms must have resulted in lots of duplication of plantation names. In Alabama in 1860 there were 482 farms of 1,000 acres or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 1,359 farms of 500-999 acres. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research task, but it is beyond the scope of this transcription.

FORMER SLAVES. The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and slaveholders. Slaves were enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind Slaves 100 years of age or older were supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of such age enumerated, out of a total of 3,950,546 slaves nationwide. Though not specifically looking for these older slaves, the transcriber did not notice any such slaves named in this county, except for 100 year old female Tempy held by A. J. Pool on page 479B, and 110 year male Corker and 107 year female Amey both held by W. G. England at page 491. Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have been reported with their full name, including surname. Some of these former slaves may have been using the surname of their 1860 slaveholder at the time of the 1870 census and they may have still been living in the same State or County. Before presuming an African American was a slave on the 1860 census, the free census for 1860 should be checked, as almost 11% of African Americans were enumerated as free in 1860, with about half of those living in the southern States. Estimates of the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary widely and from region to region. If an African American ancestor with one of these surnames is found on the 1870 census, then making the link to finding that ancestor as a slave requires advanced research techniques involving all obtainable records of the holder.

MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Perry County population included 9,479 whites, 39 "free colored" and 18,206 slaves. By the 1870 census, the white population of Perry County had decreased about 25% to 7,142, while the "colored" population decreased only about 2% to 17,833. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County was listed as having 5,943 whites, about 37% less than 100 years earlier, and the 1960 total of 11,401 "Negroes"was also about 37% less than what the colored population had been 100 years before.) Where did the freed slaves go who did not stay in this county? Dallas, Montgomery and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. Between 1860 and 1870, the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. It should be noted however, that in comparing census data for 1870 and 1960, the transcriber did not take into consideration any relevant changes in county boundaries.

Where did freed Alabama slaves go if they did not stay in Alabama? States that saw significant increases in colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation for colored persons from Perry County, included the following: Georgia, up 80,000 to 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 (6,400%).

SLAVEHOLDER LIST:

ABERCROMBIE, Thos., 35 slaves, Pinetuck, page 417

ADAMS, R. H., 92 slaves, Woodville, page 485B

ALEXANDER, Josiah, 38 slaves, Oak Grove, page 410B

ALLEN, Wm., 52 slaves, Scotts, page 440

BARRON, John, 74 slaves, Scotts, page 435

BATES, F. A., 42 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 457B

BATES, John, 40 slaves, Woodville, page 497

BATES, Robert, 90 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 455B

BELL, Wm. & F., 129 slaves, Woodville, page 496

BENNERS, Augustus, 82 slaves, Scotts, page 444

BENNETT, M. C., 59 slaves, Woodville, page 482B

BEST, C., 61 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 461

BILLINGSLY, Isaac [includes T. ___? Plantation], 132 slaves, Scotts, page 453

BOOKER, W. M., 51 slaves, Woodville, page 473B

BOYD, D. A., 52 slaves, Woodville, page 486

BRAND, Bryant, 53 slaves, Pol Cat, page 421

BROWN, J. L., 80 slaves, Woodville, page 492

BURNET, T. H., 38 slaves, Woodville, page 476

CARLISLE, R. C., 49 slaves, Severe, page 409B ends on 430

CHAMBERS, J. L., 53 slaves, Woodville, page 488

CHRISTIAN, Robert, 37 slaves, Scotts, page 449B

CLARKE, B., 43 slaves, Woodville, page 475

COCK, Wodson, 70 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 455

COLE, J. G., 88 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 464

COLE, Wm., 71 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 463B

COLEMAN, T. R., 40 slaves, Woodville, page 479B

CRENSHAW, J. W., 93 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 458B

CROOM, T. H. Est., 38 slaves, Scotts, page 445B

CURRY, Jabez, Home Place, 96 slaves, Scotts, page 435B

CURRY, Jabez, on __? Plantation, 69 slaves, Scotts, page 432B

DANIEL, Moses H., 47 slaves, Severe Beat, page 409

DAVIS, Hugh, 66 slaves, Hamburg, page 414B ends on 389

DEYAMPERT, J. L.?, 68 slaves, Oak Grove, page 414B

DEYAMPERT, T. J. C., at his Midway place, 93 slaves, Scotts, page 451B

DEYAMPERT, T. J. C., at his home place, 65 slaves, Scotts, page 451B

DEYAMPERT, T.? J. C. Home Place, 78 slaves, Scotts, page 440

DRAKE, Gastin, 57 slaves, Scotts, page 449

DRISKELL, Thos. S., 40 slaves, Planterville, [page 419B

DRIVER, J. C., 37 slaves, Scotts, page 442

ERVIN, Wm., 39 slaves, Scotts, page 434B

EVANS, J. G., 67 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 462

EVANS, Joseph, 36 slaves, Pol Cat, page 423B

FOSTER, R., 83 slaves, Jericho, page 398B

FULLER, A., Est. of decd., 75 slaves, Perryville, page 416B ends on 410

GOREE, S. E.?, 42 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 456

HARPER, Benj. A., 44 slaves, Pol Cat, page 423

HARRISON, T. H., 35 slaves, Woodville, page 499

HATCH, A., 123 slaves, Scotts, page 443

HATCH, A. P., 52 slaves, Scotts, page 442B

HEARD, Thos. A., 50 slaves, Heards, page 417B ends on 393

HOGUE, D. S., 36 slaves, Pol Cat, page 422

HOGUE, John Sen., 82 slaves, Pol Cat, page 423B

HOGUE, John Jr., 50 slaves, Scotts, page 438

HOGUE, John, 46 slaves, Scotts, page 438

HOLMES, A., 98 slaves, Woodville, page 481B

HOLMES, Benj., 37 slaves, Scotts, page 439B

HOPPER, J. T., 34 slaves, Scotts, page 438B

HORNBUCKLE, Wm., 59 slaves, Town of Marion, page 403

HUDSON, A. G., 62 slaves, Woodville, page 495

HUDSON, P. P., 45 slaves, Woodville, page 475B

HUFF, Donalson, 56 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 499B

HUNGERFORD, W. H., 73 slaves, Woodville, page 494

IVIE, Elisha, 38 slaves, Pol Cat, page 422B

JAMERSON, H. Est., J. W. Cook Exr., 43 slaves, Jericho, page 405

JAMISON, Henry, 45 slaves, Scotts, page 434B

JEFFERS, J. M., 57 slaves, Woodville, page 497B

JONES, O. T., 50 slaves, Hamburg, page 389B

JONES, Robt. T., 90 slaves, Town of Marion, page 401B

KING, E. F. Est., Home Plantation, 61 slaves, Marion Beat, page 407

KING, E. W., 95 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 459

KING, E. D., Perry Plantation, 59 slaves, Jericho, page 395

KING, E. F. Est., 51 slaves, Hamburg, page 391B

KING, E., 47 slaves, Woodville, page 482B

KING, Gen. E. V.?, 48 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 457

KING, Porter, 80 slaves, Scotts, page 448

LAPSLEY, W. M., 50 slaves, Woodville, page 489B

LEE, C. W., 98 slaves, Woodville, page 497B

LEE, David, 60 slaves, Scotts, page 400B ends on 432

LEE, J. & R., 88 slaves, Scotts, page 452B

LEE, J. H., 46 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 456B

LEE, John, 97 slaves, Scotts, page 436

MAHAN, A., 45 slaves, Perryville, page 420B ends on 415

MARISETT, John, 43 slaves, Scotts, page 448B

MARTAIN, G. M., 50 slaves, Woodville, page 489B

MCGEHEE, J. W., 150 slaves, Woodville, page 484

MCLAUGHLIN, S. G., 40 slaves, Jericho, page 399B

MIREE, W. S., 44 slaves, Perryville, page 416

MOORE, A. B., 33 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 463

MOORE, C. H., 67 slaves, Scotts, page 437

MOORE, Remilus? W., 74 slaves, Scotts, page 444B

MORGAN, Wm., 35 slaves, Woodville, page 490

MORTON, Joseph W., 49 slaves, Pinetuck, page 417B

MUCKLE, Willia, 61 slaves, Radfordsville, page 425B

NICOLSON, R. W., 87 slaves, Woodville, page 487

OTEY, A. H., 82 slaves, Woodville, page 485

PACK, James T., 45 slaves, Hamburg, page 390B

PARKER, King, 74 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 465B

PATTON, S. L., 47 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 471

PEEPLES, R. R., 40 slaves, Planterville, page 419

PERRY, H. W., 37 slaves, Marion Beat, page 406

PERRY, P.? P.?, 76 slaves, Oak Grove, page 411

PHILLIPS, C. T., 42 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 466B

PHILLIPS, J. B., 63 slaves, Woodville, page 491B

PITTS, D. W., 50 slaves, Woodville, page 488

PITTS, P. H., 75 slaves, Woodville, page 494B

POOL, A. J., 101 slaves, Woodville, page 479B

POOL, J. K. C. Est. of, 69 slaves, Hamburg, page 391B

POOL, R. R., Quarter, 73 slaves, Scotts, page 450B

POOL, S. K. C., 98 slaves, Woodville, page 472

POPE, A. L., 58 slaves, Woodville, page 481

PRICE, J. L., 108 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 468B

RANDOLPH, Jane, 94 slaves, Scotts, page 432

RICHARDSON, Wm. H., 62 slaves, Marion Beat, page 407B

RUTLEDGE, Spencer, 115 slaves, Radfordsville, page 425

SACKETT, Napoleon, 126 slaves, Severe, page 430B

SANDERS, G. B., 57 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 463

SANDERS, John, 45 slaves, Jericho, page 398

SANDERS, [surname only], 112 slaves, Jericho (and Pol Cat), page 424B ends on 396

SCOTT, J. M.?, 66 slaves, Scotts, page 439

SCOTT, James, 54 slaves, Scotts, page 445

SCOTT, S. M., Estate of desd. By J. M. Scott Admr., 40 slaves, Scotts, page 439

SELDON, Joe, 80 slaves, Woodville, page 486B

SEWELL, M. E., Quarter, 86 slaves, Scotts, page 446B

SHERRILL, A. M., 41 slaves, Jericho, page 400

SHIELD, Edwin, 58 slaves, Woodville, page 495B

STEEL, W. G., 39 slaves, Woodville, page 474B

STOLENRECK, H. A., 70 slaves, Scotts, page 448B

STONE, see Stodemire & Stone

STOUDEMIRE & STONE, 40 slaves, Jericho, page 405B

TAIT, A. 82 slaves, Woodville, page 477B

TALBERT, E. J., 68 slaves, Woodville, page 483B

TARRY, J. P., 56 slaves, Western Div. of Hamburg, page 456B

TAYLOE, E. T., 104 slaves, Woodville, page 474

TAYLOE, W.? H., 152 slaves, Woodville, page 478

TUBB, Elisha, 39 slaves, Jericho, page 400

UNDERWOOD, James, 88 slaves, Western Div. of Marion, page 460

VAUGHAN, S. W., [includes Roshell, Silver Creek and Goshen Places], 168 slaves, Oak Grove, page 113

WALKER, T. A., 38 slaves, Woodville, page 491B

WALLACE, J. Y., 59 slaves, Scotts, page 440B

WALLACE, M.? H., 40 slaves, Scotts, page 437

WALLACE, S. T., 54 slaves, Scotts, page 436B

WALTHALL, J. N., 102 slaves, Scotts, page 433B

WALTHALL, John, 64 slaves, Scotts, page 433

WALTHALL, P. J. K., P. C. Winn Admr., 80 slaves, Scotts, page 442

WALTHALL, T. M., 114 slaves, Scotts, page 447

WALTHALL, T. N., 86 slaves, Scotts, page 446B

WARE, T. T., 74 slaves, Woodville, page 488B

WARE, T. T.?, 83 slaves, Woodville, page 493B

WARE, Wm., 68 slaves, Woodville, page 495B

WEBB, J. H. Y., 67 slaves, Scotts, page 446

WHITE, J. M., 64 slaves, Scotts, page 451

WINFIELD, Mary, 42 slaves, Radfordsville, page 429

WOODFIN, E. B., 77 slaves, Woodville, page 476B

WYATT, Wm. N., 63 slaves, Town of Marion, page 403B

SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS:

(exact surname spellings only are reported, no spelling variations or soundex)

(SURNAME, # in US, in State, in County, born in State, born and living in State, born in State and living in County)

ABERCROMBIE, 66, 34, 0, 28, 25, 0

ADAMS, 4295, 384, 8, 334, 232, 5

ALEXANDER, 3460, 332, 5, 281, 186, 4

ALLEN, 6198, 540, 13, 508, 323, 4

BARRON, 141, 32, 9, 25, 21, 6

BATES, 960, 169, 34, 138, 101, 19

BELL, 4784, 485, 28, 388, 280, 17

BENNERS, 8, 3, 0, 1, 1, 0

BENNETT, 1319, 148, 21, 114, 87, 15

BEST, 248, 11, 0, 10, 9, 0

BILLINGSLY, 87, 39, 34, 23, 21, 20

BOOKER, 1338, 86, 7, 76, 49, 5

BOYD, 1905, 218, 9, 171, 133, 4

BRAND, 98, 18, 10, 14, 9, 8

BROWN, 27013, 1585, 25, 1321, 878, 17

BURNET, 123, 17, 5, 13, 12, 2

CARLISLE, 124, 66, 9, 50, 46, 5

CHAMBERS, 1237, 136, 13, 118, 84, 10

CHRISTIAN, 786, 106, 7, 89, 66, 5

CLARKE, 641, 64, 1, 51, 33, 0

COCK, 45, 7, 0, 6, 4, 0

COLE, 2004, 177, 43, 167, 108, 19

COLEMAN, 4329, 483, 14, 414, 291, 7

CRENSHAW, 366, 135, 29, 84, 77, 13

CROOM, 158, 71, 3, 40, 39, 1

CURRY, 936, 231, 28, 173, 142, 19

DANIEL, 1765, 230, 9, 173, 144, 6

DAVIS, 13725, 1122, 23, 1004, 698, 19

DEYAMPERT, 29, 29, 25, 14, 14, 11

DRAKE, 647, 140, 9, 87, 72, 4

DRISKELL, 20, 8, 0, 3, 3, 0

DRIVER, 216, 29, 11, 31, 21, 9

ERVIN, 221, 20, 1, 14, 9, 0

EVANS, 3275, 311, 38, 274, 184, 26

FOSTER, 2611, 408, 21, 291, 242, 14

FULLER, 832, 123, 25, 92, 73, 16

GOREE, 50, 28, 18, 20, 18, 10

HARPER, 1363, 121, 15, 126, 72, 11

HARRISON, 3639, 349, 3, 320, 220, 1

HATCH, 187, 20, 1, 9, 8, 0

HEARD, 357, 48, 11, 48, 24, 7

HOGUE, 41, 6, 0, 9, 5, 0

HOLMES, 2804, 174, 44, 122, 82, 22

HOPPER, 125, 10, 3, 10, 7, 2

HORNBUCKLE, 7, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1

HUDSON, 1291, 150, 23, 148, 90, 14

HUFF, 361, 21, 8, 20, 9, 5

HUNGERFORD, 30, 5, 3, 4, 4, 2

IVIE, 21, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4

JAMERSON, 35, 7, 0, 1, 0, 0

JAMISON, 217, 11, 0, 19, 6, 0

JEFFERS, 116, 5, 0, 3, 2, 0

JONES, 27193, 2497, 69, 2125, 1451, 39

KING, 4979, 681, 67, 545, 406, 28

LAPSLEY, 24, 11, 3, 6, 6, 1

LEE, 6357, 644, 91, 490, 371, 54

MAHAN, 44, 6, 5, 7, 3, 2

MARISETT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

MARTAIN, 27, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0

MCGEHEE, 185, 24, 0, 16, 14, 0

MCLAUGHLIN, 95, 6, 0, 8, 4, 0

MIREE, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 3

MOORE, 8698, 1016, 88, 917, 635, 62

MORGAN, 2507, 226, 9, 191, 129, 5

MORTON, 1174, 65, 1, 61, 47, 0

MUCKLE, 9, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0

NICOLSON, 11, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0

OTEY, 73, 9, 4, 5, 4, 3

PACK, 77, 18, 15, 7, 4, 3

PARKER, 4448, 353, 13, 287, 203, 7

PATTON, 675, 144, 0, 145, 100, 0

PEEPLES, 111, 42, 1, 37, 36, 1

PERRY, 2432, 279, 33, 224, 162, 12

PHILLIPS, 19974, 300, 12, 252, 182, 8

PITTS, 649, 110, 20, 77, 57, 11

POOL, 572, 101, 24, 78, 56, 15

POPE, 989, 165, 15, 121, 97, 7

PRICE, 2888, 164, 7, 132, 79, 4

RANDOLPH, 979, 41, 1, 35, 20, 1

RICHARDSON, 3741, 341, 5, 301, 201, 2

RUTLEDGE, 252, 47, 27, 31, 24, 17

SACKETT, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

SANDERS, 3090, 345, 50, 294, 199, 31

SCOTT, 8407, 565, 69, 473, 322, 41

SELDON, 72, 4, 0, 2, 2, 0

SEWELL, 273, 32, 15, 25, 19, 8

SHERRILL, 60, 3, 0, 3, 3, 0

SHIELD, 43, 2, 0, 5, 2, 0

STEEL, 335, 33, 1, 29, 18, 0

STOLENRECK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

STONE, 1070, 121, 1, 94, 72, 0

STOUDEMIRE, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

TAIT, 50, 32, 0, 21, 21, 0

TALBERT, 220, 27, 0, 25, 22, 0

TARRY, 64, 15, 10, 7, 7, 6

TAYLOE, 12, 4, 0, 1, 1, 0

TUBB, 45, 8, 2, 4, 3, 1

UNDERWOOD, 444, 122, 34, 87, 77, 20

VAUGHAN, 480, 69, 14, 50, 46, 5

WALKER, 8492, 827, 19, 727, 474, 7

WALLACE, 2315, 189, 36, 155, 108, 25

WALTHALL, 45, 21, 19, 15, 15, 13

WARE, 998, 212, 25, 146, 123, 16

WEBB, 1752, 167, 5, 128, 94, 4

WHITE, 9567, 693, 38, 622, 406, 23

WINFIELD, 252, 8, 4, 9, 5, 3

WOODFIN, 57, 17, 11, 10, 9, 6

WYATT, 548, 44, 7, 43, 28, 5

Listing of all 1860 Perry County Slaveholders by J. Hugh LeBaron

Perry County 1860 Free Census transcription by J. Hugh LeBaron

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