Malcolm Bull's Calderdale Companion : Background Information : U

Background Information

U

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U-plan house

A house with two cross-wings at right-angles to the main hall, giving a U shaped plan.

See Fleece, Elland, Halifax house, Hall-and-cross-wing and Rose & Crown, Elland

UK National Inventory of War Memorials

An online list of the War Memorials and Rolls of Honour which are / were to be seen in the UK

UKNIWM

Abbr: UK National Inventory of War Memorials

Ullnage

Also Aulnage. The fee – in the 15th century, ½d per piece – paid to an ullnager for assaying and marking a piece of cloth.

The tax was introduced in 1353.

Ullnage was in addition to the king's subsidy tax on the cloth.

In 1700, the lord of the manor claimed 1d for every piece of undressed cloth sold at the Piece Hall, receiving 30/- to 40/- per week from the charge.

The length of the cloth was measured in ells.

See Assize of Cloth

Ultimogeniture

Aka Borough-English. The right or custom by which land or a title passes to the youngest son.

See Primogeniture

Unadopted road

A road or street which is not maintained by the local authority, and the maintenance of which is the responsibility of the owners of the properties which front on to the street

Unattached Material

Some original source material submitted to Malcolm Bull's Calderdale Companion cannot immediately be linked directly to existing entries

In order to make this accessible to Internet search engines, I propose to hold it as a set of unattached pages The Foldout collects these unattached pages

Uncle

The word was often used to mean an older, male relative

Under-over house

A type of top-and-bottom house with one house built above another. The upper house was reached by a flight of stairs at the side of the block.

See Denholme Cottages

Underdwelling

A small house – as distinct from cellar housing – which lay beneath another dwelling.

See Back-to-earth and Dwelling and underdwelling

Union Workhouse

This was a large workhouse run by a Poor Law Union of parishes, introduced by the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. Each union had one workhouse.

See Halifax Union Workhouse and Todmorden Union Workhouse

Unitarianism

A Liberal Protestant sect which rejects the doctrine of the Trinity – a belief which was punishable by death in the 16th and 17th century – and which believes that God is a single entity, and stresses the humanity of Jesus Christ, individual freedom of belief, the free use of reason in religion, and liberal social action.

They called their groups societies, in order to circumvent the law, until the Trinity Act [1813]. John Fielden joined a small group of Unitarians who met at a room in Hanging Ditch, Todmorden. In 1823, they formed a Unitarian Society at Cockpit.

Unitarians were seen as radicals and revolutionaries, and, in 1789, they supported the French Revolution.

In the 18th century, most Independent and Presbyterian churches in the larger West Riding towns became Unitarian.

See Methodist Unitarian and Northgate End Unitarian Church

Unite

To celebrate his accession to the English throne, in 1604, James I issued a gold crown called the unit or unite carrying the inscriptions

King of Great Britain

and

I will make them one people

Charles I introduced a half unite coin worth 10/- and a triple unite worth £3 in 1642

United Britons

An illegal republican movement of the 18th/19th century.

See St Crispin Republican Club

United Methodist Church

Formed in 1907 when the Methodist New Connexion, the Methodist Free Church, and the Bible Christians amalgamated

United Reformed Church

The Congregationalists and the Presbyterians merged to form the United Reformed Church in 1972

Up-and-over house

Another name for top-and-bottom houses

Urban district council

Abbr: UDC. An administrative body responsible for local affairs in larger towns.

These were introduced by the Local Government Act [1894].

They UDC replaced the earlier townships.

See

US aliens in World War I

During World War I, all males in the US between the ages of 18 and 45 were required to register for the Draft.

Aliens were also required to register but were not subject to induction in the American Military.

Thus, the fact that a man had a Registration Card does not imply that he served in the US Military

Utfangthief

Aka Utfangentheof, Utfangenetheof. An Old English term for the right granted by the Crown to manorial lords and empowering them to judge and hang a felon caught outside their jurisdiction and in possession of stolen goods.

See Right of Gallows, Gibbet Law and Infangthief

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