ALPORT, a rural village, partly situated in the township of Rowsley, in Bakewell parish, from which it is 3 miles W.S.W., and partly in the township and parish of Youlgreave, from which it is half a mile N.E.; it is situated in a valley near the confluence of the river Bradford with the Lathkill. The Duke of Rutland is lord of the manor. This place was formerly noted for the extensive mining establishment of the Alport Mining Company, of which the estimated value ten years ago was not less than £100,000. The ore was very rich, yielding about 75 per cent., and the average getting about 100 tons per month. The veins were very numerous, and the water was drained by means of Hydraulic engines which forced it into the Hill Carr sough, which extends to the Derwent, a distance of upwards of 3 miles. The principal one, the Guy engine, was considered as the most perfect in its construction and arrangement, for preventing concussion and economising water. George Stephenson, Esq., recommended to the Tarlargoch Company, in Wales, an engine, to be made precisely on the same principle. A splendid model of this engine may be seen at the Museum of Economic Geology, London, which was recommended to be made by John Taylor, Esq., F.R.S. This engine had a cylinder 50 inches diameter, single acting; effective pressure per square inch on the piston, about 60 pounds; length of stroke in the pump, 10 feet; plunge pole in the pit, 42 inches diameter, discharging at the pump head about 3,600 gallons per minute, having a power of 376 horses. When the immense body. of water to be discharged is considered, and the entire freedom from concussion known, it must become obvious to all scientific persons, that great praise is due to the talent, ingenuity, and perseverance of Mr. John Darlington, the engineer, who, after having overcome the difficulties, made it known to the world, unpatented, that it may be made available wherever needed. Another engine, of 174 horses power, erected by Mr. Trevithic about 50 years ago, which did much work, has a 25 inch cylinder, double acting; the pressure per square inch on the piston, 52½ pounds, stroke 10 feet, drawing a box 29 inches diameter 25 fathoms deep, having from five to six strokes per minute. Another, the Blythe engine, of 127 horses power, erected about eighteen years ago by Mr. Fairbairn of Manches­ter, has a 36 inches cylinder, seven feet, and nine feet in the pump, drawing a box 38 inches diameter eight fathoms deep, giving five strokes per minute. A new one has been put up, with two 24 inch cylinders, single acting. The power of these engines, equalled 677 horses. The Company after working the veins for some years, found they were not suffi­ciently remunerative to repay the working expenses, they therefore came to the determi­nation in 1852, of disposing of the whole of the plant and machinery, since which the works have been carried on on a small scale; several parties are gaining a comfortable living by breaking ore in the old workings, at and above the level of the Hill Carr sough, on payment of a small acknowledgement to the proprietors of the mines. A level has also been driven into a new piece of ground on the Prospect vein, where some good bunches of lead ore have been obtained; the vein is still productive, a few good dividends having been made, and it is to be hoped that the proprietors will meet with a return commensurate with their former outlay. Here are also Lead Smelting works belonging to Messrs. T. R. Barker and Rose, where the ore obtained from the various mines in this locality are smelted into pigs for the market.

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ASHFORD, a township, chapelry and picturesque village, situated in a valley on the east bank of the river Wye, which is here crossed by three stone bridges, and which separates it from Bakewell; from whence ₈ distant l¾ miles N.W. It is surrounded by lofty hills, which are noted for their superior quarries of marble. The houses are built of stone, and roofed with slate. It contains 2505A. 2R. 12P. of land (including roads, &c.), mostly a rich pasturage, occupied for feeding small cattle, this district being noted for its quickness in feeding and its rich herbage for the dairy, and in 1851 had 173 houses, and 777 inhabitants, of whom 394 were males and 383 females; rateable value £4128 8s. 0d. The township of BRUSHFIELD is annexed to the above chapelry. The principal owners are, the Duke of Devonshire, Mr. Thos. Brushfield, Executors of the late George Morewood, Mr. John Green, and Mr. Wm. Fowler; the former is lord of the manor. The Church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, is a small and ancient structure, with nave, chancel, centre and north aisles, a low square tower and three bells, it contains no monuments of particular interest, but over the south door of the church is an heraldic representation, consisting of a wild boar, and another animal very similar to a wolf, couchant under a tree; underneath is the following inscription: “The boar out of the woods doth waste it, and the wild beast of the field doth devour it.” It is supposed to have belonged originally to the Manor house, which formerly stood near the church. The living is a perpetual curacy, valued in the King’s book at £2 1s., now £102, has been augmented with £200 private benefactions, £800 Queen Anne’s bounty, and £200 Parliamentary grant. The vicar of Bakewell is patron, and the Rev. James Burrow, M.A., incumbent, who resides at the Parsonage house, a handsome Elizabethan residence erected in 1854, on a good elevation overlooking the village, a little north of the church, at a cost of £1400, exclusive of the site, which was given by the Duke of Devonshire. Wm. Bagshaw, the Apostle of the Peak, the Nonconformist divine, esta­blished a Meeting-house at this place, in 1700, which is still in existence; it was thoroughly repaired in 1841. Ashford Hall, a handsome mansion, situated on a gentle elevation a little east of the village, the grounds from which slope to a beau­tiful lake, which fills up nearly the whole of this part of the dale, is the property of the Duke of Devonshire and seat of the Honourable G. H. Cavendish, M.P. for North Derbyshire. Church Dale, a handsome modern structure, three-quarters of a mile N.E. from the village, is the residence of Offley Shore, Esq. The Rookery, an ancient mansion overgrown with ivy, having a fine lawn in front, and closely adjoining the Buxton road, is the residence of Edmund Haworth, Esq. The house is sheltered from the north by lofty hills, while towards the east and west, noble timber trees skirt the grounds, which are laid out with great taste. Here and there a lofty beach or spreading ash intercepts the view of the swiftly passing waters of the Wye, which is crossed by an ivy clad bridge, that gives an additional charm to the whole scene. A rising woody eminence in front closes the verdant prospect, which, though not ex­tensive, is peculiarly pleasing and enchanting. Thornbridge, a handsome mansion, on a commanding eminence, 1¼ miles N. from Ashford, and 3 miles N.W. from Bakewell in a most delightful situation, is the residence of Wm. Barlow, Esq. Edge Stone Head, better known as the “Bull’s Head,” is a small inn, two miles N.W. from Ashford, at the head of Monsal Dale. A fine view of this celebrated dale, hemmed in on every side by lofty mountains, is obtained from this eminence. Through this se­cluded and lovely valley, the brilliant Wye speeds its rapid way amongst a succession of beautiful meadows of the fresh verdure, every where studded with cottages and groups of trees. The Baptists have a chapel in Ashford Lane, in which no service is at present performed. The congregation was first established in 1700. A neat Wesleyan chapel was built in 1830. The Feast is held on Trinity Sunday. The Devonshire Arms, kept by Mrs. Frost, is much frequented by fishing parties; who are drawn here by the excellent fishing in the river Wye. The manor, Asseford, at the

BAKEWELL PARISH.                                                        491

Domesday survey, was parcel of the ancient demesne of the crown, and granted by King John, in the first year of his reign, to Wenunwyn, Lord of Powisland, whose son, Griffin, had a grant of free warren in this manor, in the year 1250. King Edward II. granted it, in 1319, to his brother, Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Kent, who resided in a mansion near the church, N.N.E., of which the foundations are still remaining. This manor having descended to the posterity of Joan, his daughter, and eventually heiress, by her second husband, Sir Thos. Holland, passed, on the death of Edmund Holland, Earl of Kent, in 1408, to Elizabeth, his sister and co-heiress, married to John Lord Neville. Henry Neville, Earl of Westmoreland, sold it in 1549 or 1550, to Sir William Cavendish, ancestor of its present noble possessor. This place has long been celebrated for the excellency and variety of its marbles, with which the neighbouring hills abound, particularly the Black Marble, which is worked into chimney pieces, monuments, tombs, columns, tables, slabs, washstands, baths, mortars, &c., of great variety and beauty. Powerful and efficient machinery for sawing and polish­ing have been erected. The first mills in England for that purpose were erected here by Mr. Henry Watson, in 1748. The immediate neighbourhood abounds perhaps more than any other with marbles of every variety of tint and hue, and from the opinions of many scientific persons, it appears they are considered quite equal, and in some varieties even superior to the most celebrated from foreign countries. One of the finest specimens was purchased by government, and deposited in the Museum of Economic Geology, London. Another was presented to the same Museum. They are rare and exceedingly fine produc­tions. In the geological gallery of the British museum is an extensive and valuable collection of British marbles, regularly arranged and classified, some of which, from their close resemblance to the foreign, known as Poryhyry, Jasper, Breceia, Gialla Antico, &c., have the prefix Anglo attached, as Anglo-Poryhyry, &c. One, a rich glowing yellow with deep shadowy veins, branching transversely, is now known to some of our artists as the Arborescent marble; one of a fine rich colour, much resembles Sicilian marble; another, the Dove coral-eyed. The Anglo-Rosso-Antico, a very beautiful deep red, has been much worked for the Duke of Devonshire, particularly in inlaying a splendid table which is now at Chatsworth house. Messrs. Twigg & Co.’s Marble works are situated at the west end of Ashford, on the Buxton road, who, having introduced upon the site of the original works more powerful and efficient machinery, are enabled to compete with any other house in their line; while, for purity of design and exquisite finish, their great share of public patronage is the best proof. Their Show rooms contain many articles of taste and beauty, an inspection of which will amply repay the visitor. Marble turning is carried on to a considerable extent. The celebrated black marble in this neighhourhood is procured from extensive excavated chambers or caverns underground, similar to coal mines, and extending on some places to a considerable distance, pillars being left at irregular distances to sup­port the roof, from which water continually oozes, so that miles may be traversed in the bowels of the earth. The old bed is now only occasionally worked, one of a closer texture and deeper black having been discovered. On the opposite bank of the river, at the distance of about one mile higher, is the noted quarry from whence the celebrated rose-wood marble is obtained. Rottenstone of an excellent quality, much used in polishing metals, horn, &c., is obtained in large quantities, from Great Finn, a huge mountain about 2½ miles N.N.W. from Ashford, on the top of which are visible the remains of a Roman station, and one or two barrows, one of which was opened near Edgestone head, in 1832, when various skeletons, rude urns, arrow and spear heads of flint, some memorials of ancient customs, and a piece of black dressed marble, were found. An Horticultural society was established here in 1850, under the presidency of H. G. Duke of Devonshire, and holds its annual meeting in August; Mr. C. Spencer, secretary. Here is an endowed school, (See charities) with a good house and garden for the master, who has also a salary of £28 5s. 4d. per annum for which 16 boys are taught free; the average attendance is

2 I 2

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5 ; Mr. Charles Spencer, master. The girls’ school is supported by Lady Louisa Caven­dish; the average attendance is about 35; Mrs. Spencer, mistress. One great Barmote court is held annually in April, at the Devonshire Arms Inn, for the liberty of Ashford, Tideswell, Peak Forest, and Hartington, of which H. G. the Duke of Devonshire is lord; Joseph Hall, Esq., of Castleton, steward; and James Longsdon, Esq., of Little Longstone, bar master.

CHARITES.—In 1631, William Harris left £50 for the ercetion of a free school and gave a piece of land (one acre and a half) called Thornley croft, for the support of the schoolmaster. He also bequeathed £13 6s. 8d. out of his estate at Alfreton, £6 13s. 4d, thereof to be paid to a minister for preaching twenty Sermons in the chapel of Ashford or in the chapel of Sheldon and the residue to be appropriated to the benefit of the free school.

William Wright, in 1656 gave 10s. yearly out of his estate at Wardlow; and Richard Johnson left a rent charge out  a croft at Ilam.          These two sums  distributed amongst the poor at Christmas.

Thomas Roose, in 1761, left the interest of £180, per annum. 20s. thereof to be paid to the curate of Ashford, 40s. to the minister of the Presbyterian chapel, 20s. to the master of the free school, and £2 8s. to be laid out in bread and distributed amongst the poorest inhabitants.

In 1756, William Bagshaw bequeathed the interest of 20 guineas to the dissenting minister at Ashford, who receives 20s. annually as the interest thereof.

Rev. Francis Gisborne’s charity.—(See Bradley.) The annual sum of £5 10s. is received by the incumbent, and laid out in course woollen or flannel, and distributed to the poor about Christmas.

BRUSHFIELD, a township and small village in the chapelry of Ashford, on the Bakewell and Buxton road, 4½ mites N.W. b. W. from Bakewell; contains 651A. 2R. 21P. of land on limestone, abounding with minerals, 10 houses and 46 inhabitants of whom 24 are males and 22 females; rateable value £381 14s. The Duke of Devonshire is lord of the manor and owner of 600 acres, The manor, Brithrithfield, was, at an early period, in moieties, one of which was given by Robert, son of Waltheof, to the abbey of Rufford, the other was successively in the families of Monjoye and Blount. The moiety which had belonged to Rufford abbey, was granted by Henry VIII. to George Earl of Shrewsbury. In 1628 it was convoyed by the co-heiresses of Gilbert Earl of Shrewshury, to Sir William Armine and his lady. In 1658 Lady Armine sold it to the Bradshaws, of whom it was purchased in 1662 by the Earl of Devonshire. About 40 years ago, on turning up some land on Mr. Bloore’s farm, the skeleton of a man was discovered, who from appearances had been a soldier, having a steel helmet on his head and a sword by his side.

ASHFORD CHAPELRY.

Post Office, at Mrs. Frost’s the Devonshire Arms; letters arrived from Bakewell at 7a.m., and are despatched at 6.15 p.m.

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BRUSHFIELD.

BASLOW, a township, chapelry, and large pleasant village on the east bank of the Derwent, over which there is an ancient stone bridge of three arches. It is 4 miles N.E. from Bakewell, 5 miles, N.N.E. from Haddon Hall, 1 mile (by footroad) from Chatsworth, 10 miles W. from Chesterfield, and 12 miles S.W. from Sheffield, contains 5452A. 2R. 18P. of land and in 1851 had 174 houses, and 834 inhabitants, of whom 434 were males, and 400 females; rateable value £3,059 6s. The Dukes of Rutland and Devonshire are the prin­cipal owners and the former, is lord of the manor, besides whom are a few small owners. The Church, dedicated to St. Anne, is an ancient structure, in the later English style, with nave, chancel side aisles, and tower, with a low spire at the western end of the north aisle, and six bells. In 1853 it was completely restored, new seated, and the chancel rebuilt at a cost of about £1200 raised by voluntary, contributions. The seats are all free and unap­propriated. The living is a perpetual curacy, rated at £27 6s. 8d., now £119, in the peculiar jurisdiction of the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield, augmented with £800 Queen Anne’s bounty and £800 parliamentary grant. The patronage which formerly belonged to the vicar of Bakewell, was, in 1811, vested in the Duke of Devonshire and his heirs. Rev. Wm. Rogers Cope, incumbent. The township is free of large tithe, and that of lamb and wool is paid by agreement. The chapelry includes the hamlet of Bubnell, also the townships of Calver, Curbar, Froggatt, and Rowland, which form the north-east division of Bakewell parish. On the north-east and west of Baslow the country rises rapidly into lofty hills, on the summits of which are widely extended moors, (about 2,450 acres,) where the heath, gorse, fern. &c., give shelter to and preserve innumerable grouse and rabbits, and to the botanist an endless change of beauties are presented, while extended and almost boundless prospects are presented to the eye. In some places, scattered groups of rock, cause an involuntary shudder, for fear some overhanging crag may crush the passenger to death. The tourist and visitors will find in the village and neighbourhood excellent accommodation, and being only 1 mile by the foot road from Chatsworth house, “the Palace of the Peak,” which the Duke kindly permits to be inspected, proves a main source of attraction to all parties, while Haddon Hall, 5 miles S.S.W. adds greatly to the interest of this delightful locality. The Peacock Inn, on the east side the road, 12 miles S.W. from Sheffield, kept

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by Mrs. Broomhead, has excellent suites of rooms commanding fine views of the house and park, and an excellent bowling green, from whence there is a direct foot road to the house. This Inn has an air of quiet retirement, and the proprietoress has the privilege of granting tickets for fishing in the Derwent. Visitors to this excellent house of entertainment, will find every thing neat, clean, and comfortable, good fare, and an attentive and obliging hostess. The Wheat Sheaf Inn, opposite the twelfth mile stone from Sheffield, and eight from Chesterfield, being in close approximation to the Park, will be found a convenient resting place for visitors and tourists; the proprietor, Mr. Ninian Ingleby, having also the privilege of granting tickets for fishing in the Derwent, which, combined with excellent fare and moderate charges, will always make it a favourite house of resort. The Devonshire Arms, kept by Mr. John White, in that part of the village called Nether Town, has good accommodation, and also a right of fishing. At any of these establishments the visitor will find every attention and comfort. Flys and other conveyances are kept for the accom­modation of tourists who may wish to inspect the more distant objects of this interesting locality. Coaches from Sheffield, Manchester, Buxton, and Bakewell, pass or call at these houses constantly. The manor of Baslow was given by Henry de Curzon, before the year 1330, to Richard Vernon, from whom it has descended to its present owner. The township was enclosed under an act passed 1824. The land is chiefly gritstone, principally used for grazing purposes; the declivities and values are considered cxeellent pastureland. Formerly here was a cupola at Barbrook, but it has long been in ruins. The Wesleyans and Wesleyan Reformers have each chapels here. A suhstantial schoolroom for boys and girls, built of stone, was erected by the Duke of Rutland, in 1839, which is partly supported by sub­scription; the two noble Dukes of Devonshire and Rutland and the minister, liberally subscribe a sum of £15 each per annum. The average attendance is about 60. Mr. Richard Geeson, builder, is erecting a large and convenient house on an elevated site from whence some beautiful views may be obtained, and which it is his intention of converting into an hotel or lodging house, for the accommodation of the numerous visitors to this interesting locality. Feast, first Sunday in August.

BUBNELL, a hamlet on the west side the Derwent, and small scattered village, forms a joint township with Baslow, from which it is separated by the river, contains 21 houses, and 118 inhabitants, of whom 54 were males, and 64 females; the acreage and value being included with Baslow, of which manor it forms a part. Bubnell Hall, formerly a seat of the Bassetts of Blore, and afterwards, by marriage, of Copwood, forms a good specimen of the architecture of the early part of the 17th century, and has a good view of the Derwent.

BRAMBLEY is a small hamlet forming the north extremity of Bubnell, and consists only of one farm, 1 mile N.W. from Baslow, both forming a rich grazing district on gritstone, the Dukes of Rutland and Devonshire being the principal owners.

CHARITIES.—Henry Chapman, by will, left the Pingle close with other lands on trust, out of the rents to pay yearly to the schoolmaster of Stanton Ford, in Baslow, 20s.; to the minister of Baslow, who should preach a sermon on the 5th of November, annually, 10s. to the poorest people within Baslow and Bubnell, 19s. yearly; and to the poorest people in Calver, Curbar, and Froggatt, 10s. yearly; to be paid on the 5th November. In 1820 these lands were surrendered at a court holden at Hartington, to Robert Barker and five others, and consists of the Pingle acre, 1A. 1R., and four allotments awarded by the commissioners under an act of 38 George III., for inclosing lands in Hartington, amounting to 3A. 14P. The whole are let for £4 per annum, of which the master of Ford school receives two fifths, £1 12s., the others, as above, 16s. each. The anniversary sermon is not preached.

Rev. Francis Gisborne’s Charity.—(See Bradley.)—The sum of £5 10s. is received by the incumbent annually, for this chapelry, and laid out in coarse woollen cloth or flannel, and distributed to the poor about Christmas.

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Robert Stafford, it is stated in the parliamentary returns of 1786, gave a sum of £10 to the poor of Baslow; and it is said he gave other sums for other purposes, amounting to £60. In consideration of that sum, the Rev. Edward Markland conveyed to Robert Barker and five others, the Townend Close, lying in Wheston, in the parish of Tideswell, on trust, to pay one-third part of the rent to the use of the minister of Baslow chapel, one-third part to the overseer of Baslow for the use of the poor in the township, and the re­maining third part to the master of Ford school. The Townend Close, 1½ acres, with an allot­ment of 1A. 3R. 14P., are now let for £4 10s. per annum, paid half-yearly, and divided as above.

George White, of Bubnell, it is stated on a tablet in Baslow church, gave £3 per annum to be equally divided between the minister, schoolmaster, and poor of Baslow; and in the returns of 1786, George White’s gift to the poor is stated as being land vested in the over­seers, producing £2 2s. per annum, which it appears probable was from lands in Pilsley, called the Underlow Close, the Stump Cross Close, and one moiety of Handley Bank, con­taining in the whole, 6A. 3R. 22P., and were, by indentures dated 21st and 22nd May, 1789, conveyed to the township, now let for £18 per annum, which is received by the overseer who pays one-third part to the minister, one-third to the master of Ford school, and the remaining third to the poor of Baslow.

Minister, School, and Poor.—A security is held on the turnpike road from Nottingham to Newhaven for £25, dated 25th December, 1762, for the above purposes. It is not known from whence the money arose.. The interest, at five per cent, being 25s., is received by the overseers of the poor, of which one moiety had, for many years previous to 1826, been paid to the minister, and the remainder distributed amongst the poor; but in future, we are assured, it will be divided in three parts as above.

Margaret White, it is stated on a tablet in the church, left £20, the interest to be divided between the minister and the poor of Baslow and Bubnell. An annual sum of 10s. is now paid by the overseer of the poor out of the poor rates, and distributed by him to the poor. It is supposed to be paid on account of this charity, and that the principal sum was, at some former period, united with the funds of the township.

CALVER is a township and considerable but scattered village, on the bank of the river Derwent, and in the chapelry of Baslow 1½ miles N.W. from Baslow, and 4½ miles N.N.E. from Bakewell, from which places the road crosses the river by a modern stone bridge of three arches to Stoney-Middleton, contains 710A. 1R. 15P. of land, and in 1851 had 130 houses and 621 inhabitants, of whom 287 were males and 334 females; rateable value £1,359 8s. Col. Leslie is lord of the manor, which is freehold, and principal owner. The land is chiefly grass, and free of great tithes; the small tithes are agreed for annually. The township is noted for its lime, of which a considerable quantity finds its way to the east as far as Chesterfield, also north-east to Sheffield. Here are two kilns, worked by Messrs. Gregory, Cocker, and Co. Here is also an extensive cotton mill on the Derwent, worked by water power, consisting of two wheels of 22 feet diameter, of the united power of 140 horses, which are considered the best constructed in the county, and the mill the most complete, being a modern erection the property of Messrs. Robert Phillips Greg, and Pliillip Hey Fletcher, worked under the firm of the Calver Mill Company. Gas Works were erected near the mills, in 1846. The mills, with several adjoining houses, are called Calver Bridge, where there is a school principally supported by the Calver Mill Co., and was licensed for divine service in 1850. in which the incumbent of Baslow does duty every Sunday afternoon. Calver Sough, a district at the cross of the Chesterfield and Chapel-en-le-Frith, and Sheffield and Bakewell roads, where is an inn, the Eyre’s Arms. The manor of Calver was given by Henry VIII. to Rowland Shakerley, and having passed to the Tracys, was conveyed to the Stratfords, and purchased in the reign o Queen Elizabeth by the Eyres of Hassop. Feast, first Sunday in August.

CHARITIES.—Rowland Eyre, amongst other charitable donations, as stated in an inscription in Great Longstone chapel, dated 1624, gave to the poor of Calver 20s. yearly, to be paid by Thomas Eyre, his son and heir.

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The sum of 20s. is annually received from the steward of Col. Leslie, by the overseer, who distributes it with 8s., the portion of Chapman’s charity, received from the overseer of Baslow, and distributed amongst poor widows and others.

CURBAR, is a small scattered romantic village and township, situated in a hollow on the side of a lofty ridge of hills, of which the tops seem to overhang a coutinuous line of gritstone rocks, 5 miles N.N.E. from Bakewell, and 1½ miles N. from Baslow, contains 1,095A. 3R. 35P. of land, and in 1851 had 75 houses, and 371 inhabitants, of whom 168 were males and 203 females; rateable value £685 9s. The Duke of Rutland is lord of the manor, which is freehold, and owner of all the township excepting two small freeholds. It is free of large tithe, and the small is paid by annual agreement. The land is principally pasture, with a considerable portion of moorland, in some parts clay. At Stanton Ford, half-a-mile S. from the village, so named from a ford over the Derwent, with stepping stones placed across, is a good school, and a house for the master, and endowed with about £15 per annum, for which ten children are educated. The village is noted for several fine springs of good water. Feast, first Sunday in August.

CHARITIES.—William Elliott, by will, 1803 directed his trustees to pay and apply on St. Thomas’s day in every year for ever, amongst the poor inhabitants of Curbar, the in­terest that should arise from his share or security of £100 in the turnpike road leading from Sheffield to Grindleford Bridge. The overseer now receives the interest, £5 per annum, which he distributes to the poorest persons, in sums varying from 2s. to 10s.

FROGGATT is another small scattered romantic village and township in the chapelry of Baslow, 6 miles N.N.E. from Bakewell, and 3 miles N. from Baslow, situated on a gentle acclivity above the east bank of the Derwent, contains 420 acres of freehold land—the tithes paid by agreement, and in 1851 had 26 houses, and 135 inhabitants, of whom 66 were males and 69 females; rateable value £330. The Duke of Rutland and the trustees of Barlborough Hospital are the principal owners; the former is lord of the manor. The soil is mostly on gritstone, with some clay. Below the village, the Derwent is crossed by an ancient stone bridge of two arches, of which one is pointed. There is also another bridge of two arches over the Derwent, within the liberty. Froggat Edge, an abrupt ridge of lofty rocks on the east, from which several small rivulets constantly run; in one part a lofty cascade is formed. The Wesleyan Methodists have a small stone chapel, erected 1834. Feast, first Sunday in August.

ROWLAND, a small township and village in the chapelry of Baslow, 3½ miles N. from Bakewell, contains 294A. 1R. 0P. of land, on limestone, and principally in grass, and in 1851 had 15 houses, and 80 inhabitants, of whom 45 were males and 35 females; rateable value £475. Col. Leslie is lord of the manor, which is freehold, and sole owner, and has the great tithes; those for lambs and wool are paid by annual agreement. The village stands on an elevation, but sheltered on the north by greater heights. Here is a school, free for 12 children, to which Col. Leslie pays £5 per annum, in accordance with the will of the late Earl of Newburgh, his father. Feast, nearest Sunday to All Saints.

BASLOW CHAPELRY

Post Office, At Mr: John Stroyan’s, Bridge end, letters arrive from Chesterfield at 5 o’clock, a.m., and from Bakewell at 8 o’clock, p.m.; are despatched to Chesterfield at 8 a.m and to Bakewell at 5 a.m.

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CALVER TOWNSHIP.

Marked 1 are at Calver Sough, and 2 at Calver Bridge.

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CURBAR TOWNSHIP.

FROGGATT TOWNSHIP.

ROWLAND TOWNSHIP.

BEELEY, a township, chapelry, and picturesque village, pleasantly situated on the east bank of the river Derwent, and on the sides of two lofty eminences 4½ miles E.S.E. from Bakewell, and 6 miles N.W. from Matlock, contains 2944A. 3R. 32P. of land, including 1538A. 0R. 8P. of common, and 211A. 2R. 21P. of woods and plantations, and in 1851, had 69 houses, and 372 inhabitants, of whom 199 were males, and 173 females; rateable value, £1162 13s. 3d. The Duke of Devonshire is lord of the manor and principal owner, but Robert Arkwright, Esq., has also an estate here. By an Act for inclosing Beeley, passed 1811, land was awarded the Duke of Devonshire, as impro­priator for the corn tithes, and for tithes of wool and lamb, to the dean and chapter of Lichfield. The Church, dedicated to St. Anne, at the south western extremity of the village, on a gentle eminence, is an ancient structure, with nave, chancel, side aisles, and low tower with three bells, In the chancel are monuments to the Greaves and Savile families, formerly lords of this manor. The living is a perpetual curacy, valued in the Kings book at £10 18s., now £98, has been augmented with £400 benefactious, and £1200 Queen Anne’s bounty. Duke of Devonshire is patron, and Rev. George S.

BAKEWELL PARISH.                                                        499

Outram, B.A., incumbent, who resides at the Parsonage house, a handsome stone Gothic building, erected by H. G., the Duke of Devonshire, in 1856, on the south side of the church, at a cost of about £1700. In the chancel is an old register dating as far back as 1538 by which it appears the church was built in 1375, and consecrated in 1378, and that in 1661 the stipend paid to the then minister was £11 19s. 0d. In the churchyard are two yew trees, one of which is supposed to be above 1000 years old, and the other was planted in 1737. In the centre of the village, H. G. the Duke of Devonshire, in 1841, erected a school, which he supports, except a small weekly payment of 1½d. from the children, for whom books and all school necessaries are found—about 80 attend. Mr. Emanuel Turner, master.

Beeley, Begligh, or Beglie at the Domesday survey, was in the crown, Warner ­de-Beelegh, and afterwards his son Serls, held this manor about the reign of Richard I.; and after passing to the Cheyneys, of Northampton, it came into possession of Lord Vaux of Harrowden, whose youngest son, Nicholas, held it in right of his mother, and in 1560, sold it to the family of Greaves, who had been seated at the Greaves, in this chapelry from the time of Henry III. About the middle of the 17th century, the latter family sold it to the Saviles, who resided at Hill Top, for­merly the Greaves’. It was afterwards in twelve shares in the families of Norman, Brown, and Wright. In 1747, William, the third Duke of Devonshire, purchased the whole. The Greaves, now a farm house, still contains many vestiges of its antiquity, several of the rooms being wainscotted throughout, and in one of which over the fire-place are the arms of the Greaves’. It is now the residence of Mr. John Lees, in the occupation of whose family it has been for seven or eight generations. Beeley Hill Top, ¾ of a mile N.E. is a bold summit above the village, containing two farms. Fallinge, a district one mile S.E. of two farms. Harwood Grange, a district, three miles E. consists of two farms, which belong to Robt. Arkwright, Esq. This Grange was given to Beauchief Abbey, in the latter part of the 12th century, by Warren de Beelegh. King Henry VIII. granted it to Francis Leake, Esq. The Methodists have a small chapel, erected in 1807. Feast, first Sunday in July.

CHARITIES.—Robert Barker, in the county of Middlesex, carpenter, by will, 1730, gave £100 to purchase land in or near Beeley, one-half of the profits thereof to be for the curate there, the other half to be given to the four poorest housekeepers in Beeley, Hill Top, Doewood, or the Park Gate, where Robt. Randall once lived; one payment to be made three days before Beeley Feast Sunday, and the other on St. Thomas’s day, to buy them dinners on the Feast Sunday and Christmas-day. Disputes having arisen about the distribution, the sum of £100 is now secured on the Chesterfield and Hernstone-lane head road, at 5 per cent, which is paid to the overseer of the poor of Beeley, who pays £2 10s. thereof to the minister, and distributes the remainder at Christmas, amongst poor settled inhabitants of the chapelry, including the place specified in the donor’s will. It appears to have been the donor’s intention that the moiety of the income should be divided amongst four housekeepers only.

Henry Norman, by will, gave to the poor land, stated in the return of 1786, to be vested in the Duke of Devonshire, producing 10s. per annum, but there are no documents in the township relating to it. The sum of 10s. is paid by the Duke’s agent, which is supposed to be a rent charge from a small field called the Croft, which is distributed by the overseer amongst the poor, at Christmas.

Mrs. Mary Dawson, who died about 1805, by will left £20, to be distributed among the poor of Beeley, by the minister and principal inhabitants. At a meeting after her death, it was resolved not to distribute the legacy at once, but to place it out at interest for the benefit of the poor. It is now in the hands of Mr John Barker, of Bakewell, at five per cent, interest. The annual sum of £1 is laid out in flannel or blankets, which are distributed at Christmas, by the minister and churchwardens.

500                                                                          HIGH PEAK HUNDRED.

Rev. Francis Gisborne’s charity.—(See Bradley.)—The annual sum of £5 10s. for this township, is received by the incumbent, and laid out in coarse woollen cloth or flannel, and given to the poor about Christmas.