CASTILE Family

Name forms

Monarchs of the ancient kingdom of Castile.

CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla), an ancient kingdom of Spain, occupying the central districts of the Iberian Peninsula; and bounded on the N. by the Bay of Biscay, N.E. by the Basque Provinces and Navarre, E. by Aragón, SE. by Valencia and Murcia, S. by Andalusia, W. by Estremadura and León, and NW. by Asturias. Pop. (1900) 3,708,713; area, 55,307 sq. m. The name Castile is commonly said to be derived from the numerous frontier forts (castillos) erected in the middle ages as a defence against the Moors. The northern part of the kingdom, which was first freed from Moorish rule, is called Old Castile (Castilla la Vieja); the southern, acquired later, is called New Castile (Castilla la Nueva). These two divisions, with a third known as North Castile, now rank as military districts or captaincies-general; but the term North Castile, which covers the northern extremity of Old Castile, is not generally used. In 1833 Old Castile was divided into the provinces of Avila, Burgos, Logroño, Palencia, Santander, Segovia, Soria and Valladolid; while New Castile was similarly divided into Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Madrid and Toledo.

The transformation of Castile from a small county in the north of what is now Old Castile into an independent monarchy, was one of the decisive events in the reconquest of Spain from the Moors. The successful resistance offered by Asturias to the invaders had been followed by the liberation of Galicia and León, when Ferdinand I. of Castile (1035—1065), by his marriage with Sancha, widow of the last king of León, was enabled to unite León and Castile in a single kingdom, with its capital at Burgos. New territories were annexed on the south, until, after the capture of Toledo in 1085, and the consequent formation of a New Castile, the kingdom comprised the whole of central Spain. Thenceforward its history is inseparable from that of the whole country.
[Encyclopedia Britannica, 1911 ed.]  
 

KEY =ancestor, =cousin, =cousin-by-marriage, +=family =Has bookmarks, Marks recent changes (as of 2014-09-06), =::Cross reference
	Alfonso VII of Castile [1105-1157] – King of Castile CSTL36 23GGFa
	Alfonso VIII of Castile [1155-1214] – King of Castile CSTL52 22GGFa
	Alfonso X of Castile & León [1221-1284] – King of Castile & León CSTL97 21GGFa
	Alfonso XI of Castile & León [1311-1350] – King of Castile & León CSTL103 1C20
	Berenguela of León & Castile [1180-1246] – Burgundy dynasty, León & Castile, Sovereign CSTL17 21GGMo
	Enrique I of Castile [1204-1217] – ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile 1214-1217; son of Alfonso VIII CSTL58 S23
	Enrique II of Castile [~1333-1379] – ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1369-1379 CSTL111 2C19
	Enrique III of Castile [1379-1406] – "Doliente" ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1390-1406 CSTL161 4C17
	Enrique IV of Castile [1425-1474] – "the Impotent" ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1454-1474 CSTL171 6C15
	Ferdinand II of Aragón [1452-1516] – "the Catholic", King of Aragón CSTL179 6C15 wiki:  Wife & 2C: ¤Isabel I of Castile [1451-1504] "the Catholic", queen of Castile & Aragón, Queen of Spain
	Fernando III of Castile and León [1198-1252] – "the Saint", King, King of Castile CSTL98 20GGFa
	Fernando IV of Castile & León [1285-1312] – "the Summoned" ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1295-1312; son of Sancho IV CSTL89 S21
	Isabel I of Castile [1451-1504] – "the Catholic", queen of Castile & Aragón, Queen of Spain CSTL174 6C15 Husband & 2C: ¤Ferdinand II of Aragón [1452-1516] "the Catholic", King of Aragón
	Juan I of Castile & León [1358-1390] – ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1379-1390 CSTL154 3C18
	Juan II of Castile & León [1405-1454] – ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1406-1454 CSTL165 5C16
	Pedro I of Castile & León [1334-1369] – "the Cruel" ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1350-1369; son of Alfonso XI by his 3rd wife; CSTL107 1C19
	Sancho III of Castile [1134-1158] – ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile 1157-1158; son of Alfonso VII CSTL38 23GGFa
	Sancho IV of Castile [1258-1295] – "the Fierce" ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1284-1295; son of Alfonso X by his 2nd wife CSTL76 20GGFa