Hints

1847 DIRECTORY
For the
Town and District of Port Phillip.


HINTS ON AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL PURSUITS.
FOR EACH MONTH IN THE YEAR.

JANUARY.

AGRICULTURE.- Harvest being home, pigs aud poultry
should have the run of the stubble.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Small salads, spinach, kidneybeans,
&c., may be sown ; if carefully watered, they may
arrive at perfection. Sow cabbages, broccoli, cauliflowers,
&c., for plantation, in March and April. Irrigation is
necessary should the weather be dry ; but if moist, you
may plant broccoli, cauliflower, &c. Transplant leeks,
lettuce, celery, &c.
FRUIT.- Attend to the melon beds, and keep them irri-
gated. Now is the proper time for budding the various
fruits propagated in that way.
FLOWERS.- Bulbs and carnations, pinks, and sweetwil-
liams, &c., may be propagated by off-sets, layers, and
pipings. Keep down weeds, neatness being indispensable
in this department. Collect all seeds as they ripen.

FEBRUARY.

AGRICULTURE.- The hoe and harrow may now be em-
ployed with advantage for the destruction of weeds, and the
plough for the purpose of preparing ground for wheat, oats,
and barley. Sow green crops if there be any appearance of
moisture: if not, defer it till next month.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- You may try a sowing of lettuce,
carrots, early cabbages, cauliflowers, &c. ; and if there be
rain, plant out some of the lettuce sown previously, also
plant out celery.
FRUIT.- Regulate and train your vines, &c. ; water and
look after the melon beds.
FLOWERS.- Keep the flower garden free from litter, and
gather in ripe seeds.

MARCH.

AGRICULTURE.- The plough must still be kept in mo-
tion, and oats and barley sown for green crops or fodder.
Turnips must be sown this month: moist weather should
be chosen for these operations ; the turnips sown previously
should be rolled and potatoes dug in.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Onions, Spinach, and salads, may
now be sown, also broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, &c.
Cabbages, &c., planted last month, should be trenched
between the rows. Plant out celery cardoons, and earth
those planted previously.
FLOWERS.- You may propagate roses, honeysuckles, gera-
niums, &c., by cuttings, which must be irrigated every other
evening at sun-set, and be shaded from the sun till they
have struck. Plant out bulbs, and propagate perennial and
herbaceous plants by off-sets.

APRIL.

AGRICULTURE.-Sow wheat, oats, ryegrass, &c. ; let
your seed be prime, free from smut.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Sow early peas and beans, also
celery, the latter end of this month ; plant out early
cabbages, &c., in moist weather, using plenty of ma-
nure, the gardener's friend and main stay; trench those
formerly planted, thin and weed your seedling beds of
spinach, onions, &c.; sow turnips, salads, &c.
FRUIT.- Prune your fruit trees, and plant out others ;
also plant out strawberries.
FLOWERS.- Propagate roses, and other flowering shrubs,
by cuttings ; plant bulbs, &c. ; keep down all weeds.

MAY.

AGRICULTURE.- Wheat may still be Sown, particularly
in southern aspects. Sow spring barley, and prepare for
oats, peas, early potatoes, &c. ; the ash leaf and early white
kidney are the proper kinds to sow at this season.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Attend to spinach beds, thin and
plant out lettuce in moist weather ; sow more salads so
as to have a succession ; sow early dwarf peas and
beans, also kidney beans ; earth up celery, and attend to
endive plants, take up beet, carrots, parsnips, &c., and
store them in a dry place for use. Let some of the best
plants remain in the ground for seed. Form beds of
asparagus, and sow celery where not sown last month.
FRUIT.- Finish pruning your vines, apple, and other
fruit trees, and finish planting strawberries.
FLOWERS.- You may still plant cuttings of geraniums,
and form plantations of native shrubs.

JUNE.

AGRICULTURE.- Break and clear fresh ground ; sow
barley and oats in land already prepared for it ; plant pota-
toes, and roll the young crops of grain.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Sow the main crop of peas and
beans, kidney beans, turnips,spinach, carrots, parsnips,
and sow and plant cabbages, cauliflowers, sea cale, and
salads. Trench and earth up those already planted.
Trench and dung all vacant ground for the reception of
crops.
FRUIT.- Attend to your garden : see that all is in train
and proper order.
FLOWERS.- Still contiuue to propagate flower plants, as
in preceding months.

JULY.

AGRICULTURE.- The plough, hoe, spade, and roller, to
he kept in exercise where required. Sow oats, peas, barley,
trefoil, and clover, in proper situations ; about the end of
this or the beginning of next month, green fodder will be
fit to cut.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Sow peas twice or thrice in this
month, also spinach, carrots, and lettuce, &c. Trans-
plant lettuces, cabbage, &c., and earth up or trench
between already planted.
FRUIT.- Now plant (if not done last month) gooseberry,
raspberry, currant, and other fruit trees, and let the knife be
used wbere requisite, particularly to vines leaving the strong
shoots for bearers.
FLOWERS.- Continue to propagate flowers and shrubs ;
sow some of the hardier annuals, as lupins, larkspurs, sun-
flowers, sweet peas, mignionette, &c., in warm situations.

N. B.- If you have frames, in a hot bed in prepared pots,
you may, the latter end of this month, sow cucumbers,
melons, &c., for removal in November.

AUGUST.

AGRICULTURE.- Finish your sowing of barley, peas,
oats, and potatoes.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Sow Cabbage and Cauliflowers, &c,
to succeed those planted last month ; you should also sow
turnips, carrots, parsnips, onions, salads, and spinach,
also celery and pot herbs.
FRUIT.- Now commence grafting, prepare your clay and
ties, let your knife have a keen edge. Train your espaliers
and wall fruit trees where required, and finish planting the
various kinds, it being far advanced in the season for it.
FLOWERS.- Sow flower seeds of all descriptions, and keep
the parterre neat, free from weeds, and in order.

SEPTEMBER.

AGRICULTURE.- The farmer should now prepare for the
future, collect manure, and clear away for the coming har-
vest work.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Sow turnips, french beans, spinach,
salads, chillies, nasturtums, capsicums, tomatos, onions,
peas, beans, &c. Now put in your main crop of melons,
cucumbers, pumpkins, &c., and let those previously sown
under frames have plenty of air, only defend them from
the frost at night.
FLOWERS.- Still sow and transplant flowers and thin
those already sown where required ; you may still propagate
by cuttings, some kinds.

OCTOBER.

AGRICULTURE.- The farmer may chance potatoes this
month, but the earlier they are in the better ; prepare for
harvest.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Sow turnips, kidney and french
beans, peas, lettuce, onions, salads, &c.; thin seed beds,
and plant out cabbages &c.
FRUIT.- Examine your grafts, remove superfluous shoots
from the stock, destroy vermin, and take away all blighted
leaves.
FLOWERS.- Finish your sowing of flower seeds, attend to
neatness, and keep from too powerful a sun, such plants as
need it.

NOVEMBER.

AGRICULTURE.- Look to the crops of hay, oats, and
barley, as they will soon require the sickle ; guard against
bush fires, by clearing away all combustible matter; it will
do better buried in the dung pit than bleaching in the sun.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- Spinach, peas, salads, &c., may
be sown, also Swedish turnips ; transplant cabbages, and
trench between those already planted ; thin onions, car-
rots, turnips, &c.; destroy weeds.
FRUIT.- Fruit trees should be looked after, especially
vines, keeping all clear of vermin ; should the weather prove
dry the young trees should be copiously watered.
FLOWERS.-Such flower plants as you intend for removal
to your parterre, which you have of course in pots, should
now be removed. Keep clean.

DECEMBER.

AGRICULTURE.- The farmer has his hands full at this
season, as wheat and all other crops, not previously cut, call
for his prompt attention.
GARDEN-KITCHEN.- The gardener should sow the first
week in this month, cauliflower and cabbage seeds, of the
early description, peas, Swedish turnips, and salads; trans-
plant celery, lettuce, leeks, &c. ; thin onions, gather pot
and sweet herbs, tie them up in bundles, and hang them
up in a dry airy situation within doors.
FRUIT.- Examine grafted trees, take off tbe clay and
band ; stake them with firm stakes, binding the stalk firmly
to the stake, as also the graft, but not so as to press it,
merely to keep it from the effects of high winds.
FLOWERS.- Keep the flower beds clear, orderly, and
clean.

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