CLERMONT
COUNTY
CLERMONT, the eighth county
erected in the Northwestern Territory, was formed December 9, 1800, by
proclamation of Gov. ST. CLAIR. The
name
was probably derived from Clermont, in France.
The surface is generally rolling and quite broken near the
Ohio, and the
soil mostly rich. The
geological
formation is the blue fossiliferous
limestone
interstratified with clay marl, and mostly covered with a rich
vegetable
mould. It is well
watered, and the
streams furnish considerable water power.
Area, 440 square miles. In 1885 the acres
cultivated were 117,644; in
pasture, 65,350; woodland, 31,265; lying waste, 13,662; produced in
wheat,
65,387 bushels; corn, 1,219,477; and 3,152,566 pounds of tobacco, being
alike
with Brown, its neighbor, one of the finest and largest tobacco-growing
counties of the State. School
children
enrolled in 1886, 11,028, and teachers 234.
It has sixty-two miles of railroad track.
The following is a list of its townships,
with their population in 1840 and 1880.
Township And Census |
1840 |
1880 |
|
Township And Census |
1840 |
1880 |
Batavia, |
2,197 |
3,687 |
|
Pierce, |
|
1,984 |
Franklin, |
2,219 |
3,402 |
|
Stone
Lick, |
1,478 |
1,871 |
Goshen, |
1,445 |
1,908 |
|
Tate, |
2,292 |
2,754 |
Jackson, |
883 |
1,761 |
|
Union, |
1,421 |
1,992 |
Miami, |
2,061 |
4,346 |
|
Washington, |
2,102 |
2,876 |
Monroe, |
1,617 |
2,101 |
|
Wayne, |
976 |
2,164 |
Ohio, |
2,894 |
3,531 |
|
Williamsburg, |
1,459 |
2,336 |
The population of the county in
1820 was 15,820; in 1840, 23,106; and in 1860, 33,034; and in 1880,
36,713, of
whom 30,264 were Ohio-born.
The following facts in the
history of the county are given as communicated for the first edition
by Mr.
Benjamin MORRIS; this gentleman, by profession a lawyer, died in 1862,
aged
seventy-five years.
In June, 1804, and in the 19th
year of my age, I came to Bethel, which, with Williamsburg, were
the only towns in the county. They
were
laid out about 1798 or ‘99, and were competitors for the
county-seat. When I
came, Clermont was an almost unbroken wilderness,
and the settlers few and far between.
In the language of the day, there were
Denham’s town, now Bethel; Lytlestown,
now
Williamsburg; Witham’s
settlement, now Withamsville;
Apples’, Collins’, and Buchanan’s
settlements. The
following are names of
part of the settlers in and about Williamsburg, in 1804:–Wm.
LYTEL, R. W.
WARING, David C. BRYAN, James and Daniel KAIN, Nicholas
SINKS, Jasper
SHOTWELL,
and Peter LIGHT. Wm.
LYTEL was the first
clerk of the county, and was succeeded by R. W. WARING and David C.
BRYAN. Peter LIGHT
was a justice of the peace under
the territorial and State governments, and county surveyor. Daniel KAIN was sheriff,
and later justice of
the peace under the State government.
David C. BRYAN represented the county several years in the
State Legislature,
before he was appointed clerk. I
was at
Williamsburg at the sitting of the court of Common Pleas in June, 1804. Francis DUNLAVY was the
presiding judge, and
Philip GATCH, Ambrose RANSOM, and John WOOD, associates, while the
attendant
lawyers were Jacob BURNET, Arthur ST. CLAIR–son of Gov. ST.
CLAIR–Joshua
COLLET, Martin MARSHALL and Thomas MORRIS.
The following are part of the
settlers in and about
Bethel, in 1804; Obed
DENHAM–proprietor of the
town–James DENHAM, Houton
CLARK, John BAGGESS, Dr.
LOOFBOROUGH, John and Thomas MORRIS, Jeremiah BECK, Henry WILLIS and
James SOUTH. John
BAGGESS for many years was a
representative in the legislature, justice of the peace and county
surveyor. John
MORRIS was appointed
associate judge after the death of Judge WOOD, in 1807; he was also
justice of
the peace, and one of the first settlers at Columbia.
Houton
CLARK was
one of the first, if not the very first, justice of the peace in
Clermont. Thomas
MORRIS practised
law in the county about forty years, was a representative in the
legislature,
and once appointed a judge of the Supreme Court.
In the winter of 1832-33 he was elected to
the United States Senate, where he acted a con-
Page
409
spicuous part in the anti-slavery movements
of the day. The
most prominent political act of his life
was his reply to a speech of Mr. CLAY.
He died suddenly, Dec. 7th, 1844:
Posterity only can judge of
the correctness or incorrectness of his course.
A neat marble monument marks his resting place, near
Bethel. Jeremiah
BECK and Henry WILLIS were farmers
and justices of the peace. Ulrey’s Run takes its
name from Jacob ULREY, who settled on
its west side in 1798, and was the earliest settler upon it. The place is now known as
“the ULREY
farm.” Bred
in the wilds of
Pennsylvania, he was a genuine backwoodsman, and a terror to the horse
thieves,
who infested the county at an early day.
Deer and bear were plenty around him, and a large portion
of his time
was passed in hunting them, for their skins.
The early settlers around him received substantial tokens
of his
generosity, by his supplying them with meat.
The first newspaper in Clermont, The Political Censor, was printed at
Williamsburg, in 1813: it was edited by Thos. S. FOOT, Esq.; the
second, called
The Western American, was printed in
the same town, in 1814: David MORRIS, Esq., editor.
A considerable number of the early
settlers in Clermont were from Kentucky.
Of those before named the following were from that
State:–R. W. WARING,
Jasper SHOTWELL, Peter LIGHT, Obed
and James DENHAM, Houton
CLARK, John BOGGESS, Jeremiah BECK, Henry WILLIS and
James SOUTH. Nicholas
SINKS was from
Virginia, David C. BRYAN from New Jersey, and John and Thomas MORRIS
the KAIN
family (I believe) from Pennsylvania.
After 1804 the country increased rapidly by settlers from
New Jersey,
Kentucky and Pennsylvania, with some from Maryland, New England, and a
few from
North Carolina.
Neville was laid out in 1811, Gen.
NEVILLE
proprietor. Point
Pleasant and New
Richmond were laid out about 1814; Jacob LIGHT proprietor of the
latter. George ELY
laid out
Batavia afterwards. The
early settlers about that place, as well
as I remember, were George ELY, Ezekiel DIMMIT, Lewis DUCKWALL, Henry
MILEY,
Robert and James TOWNSLEY, Titus EVERHART and Wm. PATTERSON. Before Milford was laid
out, Philip GATCH,
Ambrose RANSOM and John POLLOCK settled in its vicinity. Philip GATCH was a member
from Clermont of
the convention which formed the State constitution, and for years after
was
associate judge. RANSOM,
as before
stated, was associate judge; and John POLLOCK, for many years speaker
of the house of representatives,
and later, associate judge. Philip
GATCH was a Virginian. He
freed his slaves before emigrating, which
circumstance led to his being selected as a member of the convention to
form
the State constitution.
The most prominent settlers in the
south
part of Clermont were the SARGEANT, PIGMAN, PRATHER, BUCHANAN and FEE
families. The
oldest members of the
SARGEANT family were the brothers James, John and Elijah. They were from Maryland. James, who had freed his
slaves there, was,
in consequence, chosen a member of the convention which formed the
State
constitution. The
SARGEANTS, who are now
numerous in this part of the county, are uncompromising opponents of
slavery. The PIGMAN
family were Joshua, sen.,
Joshua, jr., and Levi. The
BUCHANAN family were
William, Alexander, Robert, Andrew, James, John, etc.
James BUCHANAN, the son of John, was at one
time speaker of the Ohio house of
representatives. The
BUCHANANS were from Pennsylvania, and the
PIGMANS from Maryland. There
were
several brothers of the FEE family, from Pennsylvania.
William, the most prominent, was the
proprietor of Felicity, and a member of the legislature. His brothers were Thomas, Elisha
and Elijah; other early settlers were Samuel WALDREN, James DAUGHTERS
and
Elijah LARKIN, who has been postmaster at Neville for more than a
quarter of a
century. In the
vicinity of Withamsville
the early settlers were Nathaniel and Gideon
WITHAM, James WARD, Shadrach, Robert and Samuel LANE.
The Methodists were the most numerous in
early times, and next
the Baptists; there were but a
few Presbyterians among the first settlers.
When I first came into the county,
the “wet land,”
of which there is such a
large proportion in the middle and northern part, was considered almost
worthless; but a great change has taken place in public opinion in
relation to
its value. It is
ascertained, that by
judicious cultivation it rapidly improves in fertility.
At that time, these lands were covered by
water more than half the summer, and we called them slashes:
now the water leaves the surface in the woods, early in
the spring. Forty
years ago, the
evenings were cool as soon as the sun went down.
I have no recollections of warm nights, for
many years after I came, and their coolness was a matter of general
remark
among the emigrants from the old States.
I believe it was owing to the immense forests that covered
the country,
and shut out the rays and heat of the sun from the surface of the
ground, for
after sunset there was no warm earth to impart heat to the atmosphere.
BATAVIA, the county-seat, is on the east fork
of the Little Miami and on the C. & N. R. R., 24 miles easterly
from
Cincinnati and 103 southwest of Columbus.
It was laid out in 1814 by Geo. ELY and David C. BRYAN,
and in 1824
became the county-seat. County
officers
in 1888: Probate Judge, James B. SWING; Clerk of Court, A. B. SHAW;
Sheriff, J.
C. F. TATMAN; Prosecuting Attorney, Louis HICKS; Auditor, Wm. A. PAGE;
Treasurer, Nathan ANDERSON; Recorder, Geo. W.
Page 410
GOODWIN; Surveyor, Geo. H. HILL;
Coroner, Elijah V. DOWNS; Commissioners, O. H. HARDIN, Alfred HAYWOOD
and
Francis M. LINDSEY. Batavia
has 1
Methodist Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1
German United
Brethren Churches. One
bank, First National, president, M. JAMESON; cashier, J. F. DIAL. Newspapers: Clermont
Advance, Prohibitionist, J. S. ROBINSON, proprietor and
editor; Clermont Sun, Democratic,
E.
A. LOCKWOOD, S. CRAMER, editors; Clermont
Courier, Republican, R. W. C. GREGG, J. S. HULICK, editors.
Manufactures.–STIRLING & MOORE, carriage and
buggy
works; J. F. SMITH & Co., shoe factory. In
1840 Batavia had 537, and, in 1880, 1,015 inhabitants.
The First Cabin.–Ezekiel
DIMMIT, a Virginian by birth, in the fall of 1797
Drawn by Henry Howe, 1856; standing
in
1887
COUNTY
BUILDINGS, BATAVIA
erected the first cabin in the township.
The following spring he made a little maple
sugar and planted a few acres of corn on leased land at Columbia,
fifteen miles
away, where he went by following blazed paths through the dense woods. A little corn, flax and
potatoes were also
planted around the cabin on partly cleared ground.
His nearest neighbor lived in a cabin seven
miles distant.
Soon other settlers came in, and
Ezekiel DIMMIT’S cabin afforded a friendly shelter to many a
pioneer on the
lookout for a new home. Among
these was
the family of Charles ROBINSON, from Maryland,
who having heard of the
wonderful fertility of the Ohio country came to Clermont in 1806 and
lived near
the DIMMITS with his family until the next spring in a cabin put up for
them
near by, when he moved on to a farm of his own on Lucy’s run.
A
Thrilling Adventure befell Mary
ROBINSON in the succeeding winter: the oldest daughter, a robust young
lady. Mounting a
spirited horse one
afternoon, she started on an errand for Mrs. MITCHELL’S, some
twelve miles
distant. A deep
snow covered the ground,
which delayed her, when night overtook her in the woods and the snow
beginning
to fall, it grew so dark
that she could with
difficulty see the blazed trees which indicated the bridle-path which
she
expected to follow.
Losing the trace, she alighted and
tied her horse to a
tree until she could investigate.
While
thus engaged she heard the howling of a pack of wolves, when she
hastened back
to her horse, but he was so frightened that he would not allow her to
approach
him. A few moments
later the wolves were
around her and she began to suffer from the intense cold. To ward them off and keep
from freezing, she
decided to keep moving in a path far enough from the horse to avoid
being
kicked and yet near enough to keep the wolves from approaching her; so
she
walked to and fro the entire night, the wolves continuing their
fiendish howls
and the horse his stamping and kicking.
At dawn the wolves disappeared, when with difficulty she
mounted her
horse and reached the home of John MITCHELL.
On seeing her, he exclaimed: “Why, Mary, have
you been in the wilderness
all night?” She
said “Yes,” and had
hardly been assisted from her horse when she fell into a swoon. Her family becoming
alarmed at her absence
sent a messenger on her tracks. He
found
the place where she had passed the terrible night, and then proceeding
on to
Mr. MITCHELL’s
saw Mary, who for several days was too
weak to be moved.
Page
411
The name of Cornelius WASHBURN,
or Neil WASHBURN as he was commonly called, is lastingly identified
with the
early history of this region. This
famous Indian hunter, so noted for his sagacity and courage from 1815
to 1833,
lived near Williamsburg. He
was born in
New Jersey in the year before the outbreak of the American Revolution. He died “in his
boots,” as the frontiersmen
express it, being killed by the Indians in 1834 while acting as a
hunter and
scout for a fur-trading and trapping company on the Yellowstone. This account of him we
derived in 1846 from
the lips of Thos. MCDONALD, the brother of the author of the sketches
and the
first person, as he sated to us, who erected a cabin in Scioto county.
THE
EXPLOITS OF NEIL WASHBURN.
In the year ‘90, I first
became acquainted
with Neil WASHBURN, then a lad of sixteen, living on the Kentucky side
of the
Ohio, six miles below Maysville. From
his early years, he showed a disposition to follow the woods. When
only nine or ten, he
passed his time in setting snares for pheasants and wild animals. Shortly after, his father
purchased for him a
shot-gun, in the use of which he soon became unexcelled. In the summer of
‘90, his father being out of
fresh provisions,
crossed the Ohio with him in a
canoe, to shoot deer, at a lick near the mouth of Eagle creek. On entering the creek,
their attention was
arrested by a singular hacking noise, some distance up the bank. Neil landed, and with gun
in hand, cautiously
crawling up the river bank, discovered an Indian, about twenty feet up
a
hickory tree, busily engaged in cutting around the bark, to make a
canoe, in
which he probably anticipated the gratification of crossing the river
and
committing depredations upon the Kentuckians.
However this may have been,
his meditations and
work were soon brought to a close, for the intrepid boy no sooner saw
the dusky
form of the savage, than he brought his gun to a level with his eye,
and fired:
the Indian fell dead to the earth, with a heavy sound.
He hastily retreated to the canoe, from fear
of the presence of other Indians, and recrossed
the
Ohio. Early the
next morning a party of
men, guided by Neil, visited the spot, and found the body of the Indian
at the
foot of the tree. Neil
secured the scalp,
and the same day showed it, much elated, to myself
and
others, in the town of Washington, in Mason.
Several persons in the village made him presents, as
testimonials of
their opinion of his bravery.
In the next year, he was employed
as a spy
between Maysville and the mouth of the Little Miami, to watch for
Indians, who
were accustomed to cross the Ohio into Kentucky, to steal and murder. While so engaged, he had
some encounters with
them, in which his unerring rifle dealt death to several of their
number. One of
these was at the mouth of Bullskin,
on the Ohio side.
In ‘92, the Indians
committed such great
depredations upon the Ohio, between the Great Kanawha and Maysville,
that Gen. LEE, the government agent, in employing spies
endeavored to
get some of them to go up the Ohio, above the Kanawha, and warn all
single
boats not to descend the river. None
were found sufficiently daring to go, but Neil.
Furnished with an elegant horse, and well armed, he
started on his
perilous mission. He
met with no adventures
until after crossing the Big Sandy.
This
he swam on his horse, and had reached about a half a mile beyond, when
he was
suddenly fired upon by a party of Indians, in ambush.
His horse fell dead, and the Indians gave a
yell of triumph; but Neil was unhurt.
Springing to his feet, he bounded back like a deer, and
swam across the
Big Sandy, holding his rifle and ammunition above his head. Panting from exertion, he
rested upon the
opposite bank to regain his strength, when the Indians, whooping and
yelling,
appeared on the other side, in full pursuit.
Neil drew up, shot one of their number,
and
then continued his retreat down the Ohio, but meeting and exchanging
shots with
others, he saw it was impossible to keep the river valley in safety,
and striking
his course more inland to evade his enemies, arrived safely at
Maysville.
In the fall of the same year, he
was in
the action with KENTON and others against TECUMSEH, in what is now
Brown county. WASHBURN
continued as a spy throughout the war, adding the “sagacity
of the lion to the
cunning of the fox.” He
was with WAYNE
in his campaign, and at the battle of the Fallen Timbers manifested his
usual
prowess.
Neil WASHBURN was in person nearly
six
feet in height, with broad shoulders, small feet, and tapered
beautifully from
his chest down. He
was both powerful and
active. His eyes
were blue, his hair
light, and complexion fair. A
prominent
Roman nose alone marred the symmetry of his personal appearance.
MILFORD is a picturesque location
on the Little Miami eighteen miles above Cincinnati, and is connected
with the
Little Miami railroad by a bridge.
Population in 1880, 1,047.
School census in 1886,
315; S. T. DIAL,
superintendent.
Oldest
Methodist Church in Ohio.–This
place was early settled, being a milling centre.
In the summer of 1797 Francis MCCORMICK, the
pioneer Methodist
Page 412
preacher, organized a church here in his cabin, which
is the oldest Methodist society in Ohio, and supposed to be the first
church
organized in the great North-west.
He
had left Kentucky in 1795 through his hatred of slavery, and settled
just north
of the site of the village. This
founder
of Methodism north of the Ohio was a giant in stature, with a
well-developed
head, florid face and benevolent expression.
Early in life he had been a soldier in the American
Revolution and
served under LAFAYETTE at Yorktown.
Prominent among his small congregation were Ezekiel DIMMIT
and wife and
John and Phoebe MITCHELL, four pioneers residing near where Batavia now
stands,
who went to Parson MCCORMICK’S, a distance of twelve miles
through dense woods,
to hear him preach. Uncle
Zeke DIMMIT
was the first class-leader, and at his old log-cabin the earliest
prayer and
speaking meetings were held, beginning in the fall of 1797. A few years later he with
others organized a
church now known as the Methodist church in Batavia.
In 1799 the very eminent Rev.
Philip GATCH settled alongside of MCCORMICK.
He was born near Baltimore in 1751; in 1774 he and William
WALTERS took
appointments as Methodist ministers and were the first native preachers
in
America to serve a circuit. He
was very
zealous, and as Methodism was not favorable received became subject to
violent
abuse. He was
tarred by a mob, his
eyesight injured permanently, and he narrowly escaped death at their
hands. On account
of his position on
slavery he was selected as a member of the first Constitutional
Convention, and
for twenty-two years was an associate judge of Clermont.
In 1817 DIMMIT and his associates
began the erection of a stone meeting house at Batavia, and which was
used by
the society until Sunday evening, May 15, 1887, when the old bell rang
out its
notes for the last time for a farewell meeting within its venerable
walls; a
very interesting occasion, it being the most historic landmark in this
region. It had been
largely used for
public meetings. Here
the “Clermont
boys” on their return from the Mexican war were given a warm
welcome, and here
was rallied the first Clermont company for the Union in the war of the
rebellion. The old
building now altered
is used for a shoe factory.
The
First Camp Meeting in Clermont and
possibly in Ohio was held near Zeke DIMMIT’S in October,
1815, at which a great
crowd was present and many were converted.
The meeting was chiefly conducted by that celebrated and
eccentric
itinerant Lorenzo DOW. He
travelled through the
United States from fifteen to twenty
times visiting the wilderness parts, often preaching where a sermon was
never
heard before. Occasionally
he went to Canada,
and made three voyages to England and Ireland, where as elsewhere he
drew
crowds around him, attracted by his long flowing beard and hair,
singularly
wild demeanor and pungency of speech.
During the thirty years of his public life he must have travelled nearly two hundred
thousand miles.
So great a factor was he in the
religious
history of Ohio and the “new countries” generally
that the pioneers about the
year 1830 largely named their boy babes “Lorenzo
DOW,” as in 1824, the period
of General LAFAYETTE’S visit to the United States, boy babes
were named after
him. Those then
named, the “Lorenzo
Dows” and “Lafayettes,”
are now, when living, old
men.
PICKETT, in his “History
of Alabama,”
avers that he was the earliest Protestant preacher in that State; says
he:
“Down to this period–in 1803–no
Protestant preacher had ever raised his voice
to remind the Tombigbee
and Tensaw
settlers of their duty to the Most High.
Hundreds, born and bred in the wilderness, and now adult
men and women,
had never seen a preacher. The
mysterious and eccentric Lorenzo DOW one day suddenly appeared at the
boat
yard. He came from
Georgia, across the
Creek nation, encountering its dangers almost alone.
He proclaimed the truths of the gospel here
to a large audience, crossed over the Alabama and preached two sermons
to the ‘Bigbee
settlers,’ and went from thence to the Natchez
settlements, where he also exhorted the people to turn from the error
of their
ways. He then
visited the Cumberland
region and Kentucky, and came back to the Tombigbee,
filling his appointments to the very day.
Again plunging into the Creek nation this holy man of God
once more
appeared among the people of Georgia.”
When DOW was in Indiana Judge O. H.
SMITH had the
pleasure of listening to a discourse from him, some items of which he
has thus
preserved among his sketches. “In
the
year 1819,” states the judge, “I was one of a
congregation assembled in the
woods back of Rising
Sun, anxiously awaiting the arrival
of Lorenzo DOW. Time
passed away, we had
all become impatient, when in the distance we saw him approaching at a
rapid
rate through the trees on his pacing pony.
He rode up to the log on which I was sitting,
Page 413
LORENZO
DOW
[So
important a person was Lorenzo
Dow in the religious history of Ohio and the “new
countries” generally that the
pioneers largely named their boy babes from him.
We saw him
when on June 30, 1832, the drawing in the lower picture was made by our
old
friend, Mr. John W. Barber, and it agrees with our memory as to his
swaying
attitude. He was in
truth a wild-looking
creature.]
Page 414
threw the reins over the neck of the
pony and stepped upon
the log, took off his hat, his hair parted in the middle of his head,
and flowing
on either side to his shoulders, his beard resting on his breast. In a minute at the top of
his voice he said:
‘”Behold, I come quickly, and my reward is with
me.” My
subject is repentance. We
sing, “While the lamp holds out to burn,
the vilest sinner may return.”
That idea
has done much harm, and should be received with many grains of
allowance. There
are cases where it would be easier for
a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a man to repent unto
salvation. Let me
illustrate. Do you
suppose that the man among you who
went out last fall to kill his deer and bear for winter meat, and
instead
killed his neighbors’ hogs, salted them down, and is now
living on the meat,
can repent while it is unpaid for?
I
tell you nay. Except
he restores a just
compensation his attempt at repentance will be the basest hypocrisy. Except ye repent truly, ye
shall all likewise
perish.’ He
preached some thirty
minutes. Down he
stepped, mounted his
pony, and in a few minutes was moving on through the woods at a rapid
pace to
meet another appointment.”
On another occasion, it has been
said,
having been informed that the people thereabouts had suffered from the
depredations of a hog thief, he took occasion to state to an assemblage
whom he
was addressing, that he felt certain that the thief was among them. Then stooping down he
picked up a stone, and
said: “Now I am going to throw this stone at him,”
at the same time making a
motion as if to throw it, whereupon an individual in the crowd dodged. “That’s
him,” exclaimed DOW, pointing to the
conscience-striken
individual. The
people called him Crazy DOW; his wife
Peggy accompanied him in his travels.
He
introduced camp meetings in England.
BETHEL, on the
line of the C. G. & P. R. R. and Ohio turnpike, in a fine
country. It
has 2 Methodist, 1 Christian, and 1 Baptist church, and in 1880 582
inhabitants. The
place was settled in
1797 by Obed DENHAM, a
Virginian, on account of his
abhorrence of slavery.
A
Witch Story.–In
the early settlement
a family by the name of HILDEBRAND accused one of their neighbors,
Nancy EVANS,
of being a witch. Although
the statutes
of Ohio made no provision for cases of this kind, they persuaded a
justice of
the peace to take the matter in hand.
A
tradition prevailed that if a witch was weighed against the Bible she
would be
compelled to tip the beam. A
rude scale
was made, and in the presence of the neighbors, with the Bible at one
end and
Nancy EVANS at the other, she was thus adjured: “Nancy EVANS,
thou art weighed
against the Bible to try thee against witch-craftry
and diabolical practices.”
This being
done in the name of the law, and with a profound respect for the word
of God,
had a solemn and conclusive effect.
Nancy was of course too heavy for the Bible; an excellent
woman, who
willingly submitted to this novel process to bring peace of mind to her
ignorant, deluded neighbors, whom she pitied.
Bethel is noted for the number of
prominent characters who have dwelt there.
SAMUEL MEDARY, from Pennsylvania, came to Bethel almost
destitute; with
twenty-five cents capital opened a school, and in 1828 started a
newspaper, the
Ohio Sun, now the Clermont
County Sun, at Batavia.
MEDARY was no printer, but he edited it,
delivered it personally to the subscribers, and taught school at the
same
time. He eventually
moved to Columbus,
and as editor of the Statesman and Crisis,
became the most influential editor of the Democratic party
in the State. Late
in life he was
territorial governor of Kansas and Nebraska.
He was genial, possessed business tact and force of
character. Prof.
DAVID SWING, D. D., the eminent divine,
was born near the village. Two
eminent
Methodist divines were identified with the history of the county: Rev.
Dr.
RANDOLPH SWING FOSTER, who was born here, and Rev. STEPHEN M. MERRILL,
who
passed his youth here. The
noted Gen.
THOMAS L. HAMER, in 1818, came to Bethel a poor, friendless boy, and
found a
home in the family of Thomas MORRIS, with whom he studied law.
JESSE R. GRANT, the father of Gen.
GRANT,
bought a home at Bethel about 1845, where he lived ten or twelve years. While he was there the
general, at that time
just from the Academy at West Point, and later from the Mexican
campaign,
visited his father, and passed a number of months in the quiet village. The general’s
father carried on a tannery,
and in 1852 was elected mayor. His
duties were partly magisterial, and one
of his first was to try some of the village roughs for fighting, on
which
occasion he used the finishing-room of his tannery for a court-room. The place was crowded, and
the better to see
some of the small boys mounted a pile of hides.
The pile was totlish,
and the leather slid,
and one urchin landed precipitately into a tub of Father
GRANT’S oil, which
afforded as much diversion as the fight itself.
In the village graveyard at Bethel is the
grave of THOMAS MORRIS; a marble monument with the annexed inscription
marks
the spot. Said
Salmon P. CHASE: “Senator
MORRIS first led me to see the character of the slave power as an
aristocracy,
and the need of an earnest organization to counteract its pretensions. He
Page 415
was far beyond the time in which he lived.” In 1637, Thomas MORRIS,
the first
representative of the family, a name prominent in English history and
patriotism, settled in Massachusetts.
Isaac, the father of Thomas MORRIS, was born in Berks
county, Pa., in
1740, and his mother, Ruth HENTON, in 1750, being the daughter of a
Virginia
planter. Nine sons
and three daughters
were born to them. Thomas,
John, and
Benjamin came to Ohio, finally settling in Clermont county.
Thomas was the fifth child, and was born
January 3, 1776; soon after his birth his parents moved to Western
Virginia,
and settled near Clarksburg. The
father
was a faithful minister of the Baptist church, preaching without
failing in a
single appointment for over sixty years, never taking a dose of
medicine. He died
in 1830, aged ninety-one. The
mother of Thomas MORRIS refused her
inheritance of four slaves.
At sixteen Thomas MORRIS shouldered
his
musket to repel the aggressions of the Indians, serving several months
in Capt.
Levi MORGAN’S rangers, stationed near Marietta.
At nineteen he was employed as a clerk in the store, at
Columbia, of the
then famous Baptist minister, Rev. John SMITH.
November 19, 1797, he married Rachel DAVIS, daughter of
Benjamin DAVIS,
from Lancaster, Pa. In
1800 Thomas
MORRIS and his wife removed from Columbia to Williamsburgh,
where, in 1802, he commenced the study of
A. E. McCall, Photo., Bethel, 1887
MOUNMENT TO THOMAS MORRIS
law, without friends, pecuniary means,
or a preceptor,
with a growing family and but few books.
After the hard labors of the day he studied at night by
the light of
hickory bark or from a brick-kiln which he was burning for the support
of his
family. With
resolute purpose and iron
will he succeeded in over-coming
these formidable
difficulties, and in two years was admitted to the bar.
In 1804 he removed with his family to Bethel,
and in 1806 was elected a representative from Clermont.
In the Legislature his abilities
soon
placed him among the most distinguished men of the State. He labored for the equal
right of all, and to
conform the civil
government to the principles of
justice and Christian morality. He
opposed chartered monopolies, class legislation, and traffic in
spirituous
liquors, believing in a prohibitory high license.
He was a warm friend of the common schools,
labored earnestly for the extinction of the law of imprisonment for
debt, and
advocated the doctrine of making all offices elective.
In 1828 he introduced a bill to allow juries
before justices of the peace, and one the next year that judges should
not
charge juries on matters of fact.
In
1812 he obtained the passage of a bill allowing the head of a family to
hold
twelve sheep exempt from execution for debt.
In 1828 he endeavored to obtain a law taxing all chartered
institutions
and manufactories and exempting dwellings.
He foresaw the great future of Ohio, although he alone of
the public men
opposed the canal system, for he deemed it impracticable, and
prophesied that
in twenty years Ohio would be covered with a network of railroads and
canals
superseded.
An incident will illustrate the
wonderful
progress since that time. When
the
Legislature adjourned in March, 1827, the mud roads were about
impassable and
streams overflowing their banks. But
Mr.
MORRIS determined to overcome all obstacles, and with Col. Robert T.
LYTLE
embarked in a canoe or “dug-out” with their
baggage, and after a passage of
some hundred miles down the Scioto from Columbus in this frail craft
reached
Portsmouth, where they took a steam-boat
, reaching
home after a perilous journey of four days.
This transit now by rail takes less than four hours.
Thomas MORRIS was elected Senator
in 1813,
1821, 1825, 1827, and 1831, and while occupying this position for the
fifth
time was elected United States Senator for the term of six years from
March 4,
1833, having as colleagues from Ohio Thomas EWING (four years) and
William
ALLEN (two years). On
the opening of the
United States Senatorial session in December, 1833, Mr. MORRIS became
actively
identified with the anti-slavery movements against the aggressions of
the slave
power.
To him were addressed the memorials
and petitions from
all parts of the land, and in spite of the frowns and entreaties of his
own
party, he would introduce them all, although
Page 416
on all other subjects he was in full
accord with
it. In Thomas
MORRIS the apostles of
human freedom found their first champion.
The Congress of 1837-38 saw a deep and agitated discussion
of this
question, and Mr. MORRIS replied to the arguments of John C. CALHOUN,
in an
able and elaborate speech, which attracted the attention of the whole
country
by its bold and truthful utterances.
February 7, 1839, Henry CLAY made a
great
speech, to counteract and arrest the public agitation of slavery; and
two days
after Thomas MORRIS replied to it, in the mightiest and crowning effort
of his
life, concluding with these prophetic words (golden in the light of
subsequent
events): “Though our national sins are many and grievous, yet
repentance, like
that of ancient Nineveh, may yet divert from us that impending danger
which
seems to hang over our heads as by a single hair.
That all may be safe,
I conclude that the negro
will yet be free.”
This noble speech startled the
Senate,
produced a marked sensation throughout the country, and electrified the
warm
hearts of humanity the world over.
John
G. WHITTIER, the poet, then a young editor, said: “Thomas
MORRIS stands
confessed the lion of the day.”
Thomas MORRIS was far in advance of
his
time, and in less than a month after the delivery of his great
startling speech
he left the Senate and public life, a political exile, his party having
refused
to re-elect him to the Senate. Mr.
MORRIS soon became identified with the “Liberty
Party,” and in 1844 was its
candidate for Vice-President. He
died
suddenly December 7, 1844, aged sixty-nine years, with his intellectual
powers
unimpaired by age, his physical system in vigorous activity, and his
heart
still warm in the cause of freedom.
WILLIAMSBURG has 1 Presbyterian
and 1 Methodist church. Chair
factory of
S. D. MOUNT, 23 hands; C. H. BOULWARE & Bro., chair factory,
20; SNELL
& WILLIAMS, planing-mill,
12. Pork-packing,
tobacco preparing, and tanning
are carried on here. Population
in 1840, 385; in 1880, 795.
Williamsburg, as previously
mentioned, was laid out in 1795-96 by Gen. William LYTLE and his
brother, and
was originally called Lytlestown. His life was one of much
incident. He was
the grandfather of Gen. Robert T.
LYTLE, the poet-soldier, killed at the battle of Chickamanga.
The following facts respecting him are from Cist’s Advertiser:
Gen. William LYTLE was born in
Cumberland,
Pa., and in 1779 his family emigrated
to
Kentucky. Previous
to the settlement of
Ohio young LYTLE was in several desperate engagements with the Indians,
where
his cool, heroic bravery won general admiration.
Before the treaty of Greenville, while making
surveys in the Virginia military district in Ohio, he was exposed to
incessant
dangers, suffered great privations, and was frequently attacked by the
Indians. This
business he followed for
the greater portion of his life. In
the
war of 1812 he was appointed major-general of Ohio militia, and in 1829
surveyor-general of the public lands of Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan. In 1810 Gen. LYTLE removed
from Williamsburg
to Cincinnati, where he died in 1831.
As
a citizen he was distinguished for public spirit and benevolence,
and in his personal appearance and character strikingly resembled
President
JACKSON. Beside the
facts given under
the head of Logan county,
we have space for but a
single anecdote, exhibiting his Spartan-like conduct at
GRANT’S defeat in
Indiana. In that
desperate action the
Kentuckians, over-powered by nearly four times their number, performed
feats of
bravery scarcely equalled
even in early border
warfare.
In this struggle LYTLE, then hardly
seventeen years of age, had both his arms shattered, his face
powder-burnt, his
hair singed to the roots, and nineteen bullets passed through his body
and
clothing. In this
condition, a retreat
being ordered, he succeeded in bringing off the field several of his
friends, generously
aiding the wounded and the exhausted by placing them on horses, while
he
himself ran forward in advance of the last remnant of the retreating
party to
stop the only boat on the Ohio at that time which could take them over,
and
save them from the overwhelming force of their savage adversaries.
On reaching the river he found the
boat in the act of
putting off for the Kentucky shore.
The
men were reluctant to obey his demand for a delay until those still in
the rear
should come up, one of them declaring that “it was better
that a few should
perish than that all should be sacrificed.”
He threw the rifle, which he still carried on his
shoulder, over the
root of a fallen tree, and swore he would shoot the first man who
pulled an oar
until his friends were aboard. In
this
way the boat was detained until they came up, and were safely lodged
from the
pursuing foe. Disdaining
personally to
take advantage of this result, the boat being crowded almost to
dipping, he ran
up the river to where some horses stood panting under the willows after
their
escape from the battle-field, and mounting one of the strongest, forced
him
into the river, holding on to the mane by his teeth, until he was taken
in the
middle of the stream into the boat, bleeding and almost fainting from
his
wounds, by the order of his gallant captain, the lamented STUCKER, who
had
observed his conduct with admiration throughout, and was resolved that
such a
spirit should not perish; for by this time the balls of the enemy were
rattling
like hail about their ears.
Page 417
THE
LOST CHILD
Two sisters
living in Williamsburg–Lydia OSBORN, aged eleven years, and
Matilda OSBORN,
aged seven years–started on the afternoon of July 13, 1804,
to drive home the
cows, following the paths which led to the “big
field,” about a mile from the
village, where the cattle were wont to range. They
were guided in their movements by the tinkling of the cow-bells, and
perhaps
were led off from the main path by this means and lost their way. The elder girl, Lydia,
supposed the cows were
going away from home, and left her little sister, Matilda, to make a
detour and
head them off, but without success.
So
she returned to where she had left her sister, but could not find her;
after
wandering about for a long time and crying out her name she started for
home,
as she supposed, but took the wrong direction, wandered on, and was
lost in the
wilderness. The
younger sister followed
the sound of the cow-bells and arrived safe at home.
THE BOWER
OF THE LOST CHILD.
The following is from the
touching account of the Rev. J. B. FINLEY, who was with the party in
the search
for her:
Night came on, casting its darkened
shadows over the forest, but she came not to greet the anxious eyes of
her
parents; their child was in the woods exposed to the savages and wild
beasts. The
neighborhood was aroused
with the alarm of “lost child!”
Every
heart was touched, and soon in every direction torches were seen
flashing their
lights into the darkness of the forest.
Bells were rung, horns were blown, and guns were fired, if
perchance the
sound might reach the ear of the lost one.
The news reached the settlement where we resided, and as
many as could
leave home turned out to seek for the lost child.
Some signs of her tracks were discovered
crossing branches and miry places; all indicating, however, that she
was going
farther into the wilderness.
On the third day Cornelius
WASHBURN, the
famous backwoodsman and hunter, arrived with about five hundred others
and
accompanied by his noted hunting dog.
We
were now deep in the wilderness and made preparations for camping out
that
night. At day-break
we were again ready
for our search, but as the collection of people was so numerous we
formed into
companies taking different directions and meeting at night at a place
designated. Money
was collected and sent
to the settlements to buy provisions.
Our numbers increased so that on the seventh day there
were more than a
thousand persons, many from Kentucky.
WASHBURN discovered the place where
she
had slept for several nights. He
also
saw where she had plucked and eaten foxgrapes
and whortle-berries.
The place she had selected was
where one tree had
fallen across another, which was lying down and afforded a good
protection.
Page 418
To this place the whole crowd
hurried. Nothing
could restrain them so
eager were they to find the lost child.
In all these journeyings
the father was present, so absorbed in grief that he could neither eat
nor
sleep. Sorrow drank
up his spirits, and
he refused to be comforted. When
hope
was kindled he seemed like one frantic, and flew in every direction,
calling
most piteously the name of his child, “Lydia!”
“Lydia!”
The eight morning the company
started out
abreast, about three rods apart, with a man in the middle and one at
each end
of the line, whose duty it was to blow horns at intervals to keep the
line in
order. The line
extended for several
miles.
On the morning of the fifteenth day
we
found on the north fork of the Whiteoak
her
footprints in the sand where she had crossed that stream. These footprints greatly
revived our hopes,
as they appeared fresh. Sending
back a
man to notify the main body we proceeded
up the creek
until we came to a large blackberry patch.
Near this patch we found a neat little house built of
sticks over which
were placed, in regular layers, pieces of moss.
In the centre was a little door, and in the interior was a
bed made of
leaves, covered with moss and decorated with wild flowers. All could see at once that
it was the work of
a child, and as we gazed upon it the tears stole freely down our cheeks.
Here away in the wilderness, far
from
human habitation, had this child constructed this miniature house, and
thus
recalled the scenes of home, sister, mother and father.
The child must have been here
several
days, for from her little house to the black-berry patch she had beaten
quite a
path. Discovering
no fresh signs of her
presence we determined to return to the main creek and wait the coming
of the
company, and prevent, if possible, the eager crowd from rushing on and
destroying the signs. More
than a
thousand men camped along the creek that night.
Fearing the consequences of
disclosing our
discovery that night we kept it secret until morning, when, forming the
company
into military order, we marched them out into the opening flanking out
right
and left. They
surrounded the entire
space, forming a hollow square. At
the
sight of the little bower a scene occurred which it would be impossible
to
describe. Here were
brave stalwart men,
who had been subjected to the perils of the wilderness, contending for
every
inch with savages and wild beasts, whose hearts were never known to
quail with
fear, who at the sight of that little bower were melted to tears. But when the father came
up to the little
dwelling his own dear child had built, and exclaimed, “Oh! Lydia, Lydia, my dear
child, are you yet
alive?” A
thousand hearts broke forth in
uncontrollable grief.
The result of investigation showed
that
the tracks were several days old.
Horse
tracks were also found, and the conclusion was that she had been
carried away
by the Indians.
Two miles from
“Lydia’s camp,” for so it
is called to this day, they found her bonnet, and farther on an Indian
camp
several days old. Further
pursuit being
considered useless the company disbanded and returned to their homes.
The father never gave up the
search, but
penetrated the wildest solitudes and sought her among the Indians till
the day
of his death. The
lost was never found.
The spot of Lydia’s bower is
pointed out to this day in Perry township, Brown county;
a citizen of that township, Mr. L. W. CLAYPOOL, in speaking of this
occurrence,
has given some additional items:
Cornelius WASHBURN engaged in it
with the
keep perceptive intelligence which only a noted hunter possesses, and
that it
was wonderful to see him calm and thoughtful walking slowly along
noting a leaf
upturned, pea vine, brush or anything disturbed, while others could see
nothing
except at a time when he would point out to them tracks of the child on
the
sand bars, beds of leaves or the like.
Some of the searchers made so much noise, hollowing,
blowing horns,
etc., that WASHBURN begged of them to desist, and he would find the
child,
insisting that after she had been lost so long that she would hide from
man as
quick as she would from a wild animal.
They would not heed him but dashed ahead.
Mr. CLAYPOOL continued : I was once lost when
eight or nine years of age with Jake ASHTON, a year younger, and can
fully
realize WASHBURN’S assertion of fright.
We went out early in the morning to hunt the cows; soon
the path gave
out and we were lost in the flat beech swamps between Glady
and Glassy Runs. We
wandered about until
night, coming out at a new road recently underbrushed
just at the time that an infair
party of about a dozen couple on horseback were passing. Although knowing most of
them we hid until
they passed.
NEW RICHMOND, founded about 1816, is the
largest and most important business village in the county. It is on the Ohio, twenty
miles above
Cincinnati, with which it is also connected by railroad, and three
miles below
the birthplace of Gen. GRANT. It
has
newspapers: Clermont Independent,
B.
L. WINANS, editor; The News, A.
TOWNSLEY, editor. Churches:
1 Methodist
Episcopal, 1 Colored Metho-
Page 419
dist, 1 Colored Baptist, 1 Baptist, 1
Presbyterian, 1 Christian, 1 Catholic, and 1 Lutheran.
Bank: First National, Franklin FRIEDMAN,
president, D. E. FEE, cashier.
Manufactures.–J. & H. CLASGENS, woollen
yarns, 97 hands; FRIEDMAN, ROBERTS & Co., planing-mill,
20. Tables and carriages are
also made here. Population in 1880, 2,545. School
census in 1886, 675;
George W. FETTER, superintendent.
The Philanthropist.–In
1834 James G. BIRNEY began the publication of his noted anti-slavery
publication, The Philanthropist, in
New Richmond, under the assurance of the DONALDSON brothers and other
well-known anti-slavery men that he should be protected from mob
violence. A native
of Kentucky, he could not even
attempt the issue of his paper there, much as he wished. In 1836 he removed his
paper to Cincinnati,
where, on the night of July 30, a mob having the countenance of the
leading citizens
broke into the printing-office, and destroyed the press and scattered
the
type. While at New
Richmond lawless men
threatened to sack the office; but, at a signal of danger, the people
of the
village at a public meeting resolved to stand by Mr. BIRNEY at the
peril of
their lives. In
1844 Mr. BIRNEY was the
“Liberty Party’s” candidate for
President, with Thomas MORRIS for
Vice-President. They
received 62,163
votes.
THE UNDERGROUND RAILWAY.
Anti-Slavery Settlers.–Clermont
county, and indeed the Ohio river
border, was largely
settled by men from Maryland, Virginia, and Kentucky to escape the
baleful
institution of slavery. These
men became
the strongest of anti-slavery men, and the position of Clermont was
pre-eminent
in the great struggle that ended in the emancipation.
Judge BURNET, in his “Notes,” in his
account
of the delegates who framed the first Constitution, says
“that GATCH and
SARGENT from Clermont were among the honored men who successfully
labored in
the construction of the State Constitution and the early legislation of
Ohio;
that they were elected because they were anti-slavery men, and they
were
Virginians, and both practical emancipators.”
Obed
DENHAM, a Virginian, the founder of
Bethel, in his conveyance, wrote as follows: “I also gave two
lots in said town
for the use of the regular Baptist church–who do not hold
slaves, nor commune
at the Lord’s table
with those who do practise
such tyranny over their fellow-creatures.”
Fleeing Slaves.–The
position of Clermont on the border made it the first place of refuge
for
fleeing slaves. Byron
Williams in the
history of the county gives these facts: “Nothing was done to
entice slaves
from Kentucky; only as they came were they sped on their way. True men never refused
bread to the
beseeching negro fleeing from chains and with his face toward the North
Star.”
The owners pursuing the negroes
were informed who were most likely to have assisted
the fugitives, and, returning in baffled rage, heaped curses loud and
deep on
names of persons and localities in hearing of slaves, who reverently
preserved
the stealthy knowledge for their own time of need.
The late Robert E. FEE, of
Moscow, was, it is true, charged with abducting slaves, and at one time
was
under requisition for the same.
Robert FEE and the
Kidnappers.–About
the year 1840 a family of blacks, living for years in the south
part of the county, were, except the father, kidnapped at night and
carried
into Kentucky, under the plea that the mother was a runaway slave, and
her
children, though born out of bondage, must share her lot. Robert FEE devoted himself
to their rescue by
legal means. He
followed them into a
distant State into which they had been sold, and narrowly escaped death. The mob, raging for his
blood, actually
passed through the room adjoining his hiding-place.
The affair produced much excitement, and
caused many hitherto neutral people to join the opposition to slavery. The family was hopelessly
lost and separated,
but FEE repaid his wrongs many-fold.
A light was said to have burned in his house
all night to guide travellers
across
Page 420
the river.
His doors were barred, and his family, girls and all,
slept with loaded
firearms in ready reach. His
house was
surrounded again and again by violent slave-hunters.
The romance of the border of that day was thrilling
in the extreme, though its actors were but plain farmers and timid
shadow-fearing fugitives.
There was no preconcerted
action on the part of the men so engaged, yet there was a kind of
system. When
runaways got across the river, the FEES
and others, according to circumstances, either hurried them on or
secreted them
until the hunt went by. They
were then
guided northward, generally through Tate township,
where they were cared for by the RILEYS, Benjamin RICE, Richard MACE,
Isaac H.
BROWN, and others. The
route from thence
led by various ways to the Quaker settlements of Clinton county.
The work was generally done in the night, to
avoid trouble with some who for the sake of rewards were often on the
watch. Few were
ever captured, and many
hundreds must have escaped.
A Fourierite Association was formed in the county in 1844.
The Phalanx bought three tracts of land on
the Ohio, in Franklin township,
and put up some
buildings. At the
end of two years,
seeing that communism did not better their lot in life and the
association
getting in debt, they closed up its affairs.
A Spiritualistic
Community bought
their buildings. At
its
head was John A.
BIRTHPLACE
OF GEN. U. S.
GRANT, POINT PLEASANT
WATTLES, with a
following of nearly 100 persons. It
was based on principles of
business and religion, and involving a system of communism. In the great flood of 1847
their main
building fell and seventeen lives lost, which ruined the enterprise.
UTOPIA.–The little village of
Utopia was established at this era by Henry JERNAGAN, one of the Fourierites, and on Utopian
principles. Many of
the old members of the Phalanx moved
thither, and carried on various avocations.
For a time Utopia was a happy, beautiful place; the people
had few
wants, and these were supplied at home.
They eventually became restless, and some of the better
class moving
away and others moving in harmony with its trustees, its Utopian
features
dissolved.
POINT PLEASANT, a little village or hamlet on
the Ohio, about twenty-five miles above Cincinnati, will ever be
memorable as
the birthplace of Gen. U. S. GRANT.
This
event took place April 27, 1822. The
next year the family removed to Georgetown, Brown county,
which became his boyhood home. His
father the year before had married Miss Hannah SIMPSON, of Tate township.
At the time
of his birth Jesse R. GRANT was employed in the tannery of Thomas PAGE. The house in which the
young and poor couple
resided belonged to Lee THOMPSON.
It
Page 421
remains as well preserved as originally built; a
lean-to kitchen has since been added.
It
is a one-story frame, 16 x 19 feet, with a steep roof, the pitch being
five
feet, and on the right or north end is a huge chimney, affording a
spacious
fire-place. The
window-panes are very
small, and it was quite a humble domicile, having but two rooms: that
on the
right being the living-room, and that on the left the bedroom in which
the
general first saw the light.
CHRONOLOGY
OF GEN. GRANT’S LIFE.
1822.
April 27,
Born at Point Pleasant, Ohio.
1839.
July
1. Entered West Point
Military Academy.
1843.
Graduated
from West Point.
1845.
Commissioned as second lieutenant, and served in the
Mexican war, under Gens.
TAYLOR and SCOTT.
1848.
Married
Miss Julia DENT, of St. Louis, Mo., while stationed at Sackett’s
Harbor, N. Y.
1852.
Ordered
to Oregon.
1853.
Commissioned as captain in August.
1854.
Resigned
from the army in July.
1854-59. Lived in St.
Louis.
1859.
Removed
to Galena, Ill., engaged in the tanning business with his father and
brothers.
1861.
Commissioned as colonel.
Made
brigadier-general in July, in command at Cairo; saved Kentucky to the
Union. In November
fought the battle of
Belmont.
1862.
Conducted
a reconnaissance to the rear of Columbus in January; Fort Henry
surrendered,
February 6, and Fort Donelson,
February 16. Made
commander of West Tennessee; his army
fought the successful battle of Shiloh, April 6 and 7.
Second to Gen. HALLECK at the siege of
Corinth, he was given charge of the Department of Tennessee on the
latter’s
call to the East.
1863.
July
4. Forced the
surrender of Vicksburg with 30,000 Confederates, after a siege
beginning the
previous October. In
November
defeated Gen. BRAGG at Chattanooga, the fighting extending over four
days, beginning
November 23.
1864.
Commissioned
lieutenant-general by President Lincoln, March
3, and called to Washington. Assumed command of the armies of United
States, March 8. Forced
a passage across the James river
between June 12 and 15, after the severe battles of
the Wilderness, and laid siege to Richmond and Petersburg.
1865.
April
2. The Confederate
lines broken. Lee
abandoned
Richmond. The
flying Confederates
overtaken at Appomattox Court-House, April 9, Lee surrendered his
entire army
as prisoners of war, which was followed by the surrender of all the
remaining
forces of the Confederacy, and the close of the civil war.
1866.
July
25. Congress
created the grade of
general, and he received the commission the same day.
1867.
Served as
Secretary of War from August to February, 1868.
1868.
Elected
President, receiving 214 of 294 electoral votes.
1872.
Re-elected President by 268 electoral votes to 80.
1877.
Started
upon a tour around the world, which ended in the spring of 1880.
1880.
Was a
candidate for a third Presidential term, but was
defeated for the nomination by Gen. James A. GARFIELD.
1881.
Took up
his residence in New York city.
1882.
Became a
member of the firm of GRANT & WARD, whose disastrous failure,
involving
some $14,000,000 occurred in May, 1884.
1884.
In June
physicians were summoned to prescribe for an affection of the mouth,
which was
pronounced a cancer.
1885.
March
3. The House passed
the bill putting
Gen. GRANT on the retired list. June
16,
he was removed from New York to Mount MacGregor,
Saratoga county, where
he died Thursday, July 23.
LOVELAND is on the Little Miami river, twenty-three miles from
Cincinnati, on the line of
the P. C. & St. L., the C. W. & B., and C. & C.
M. railroads. It
contains 1 Methodist, 1 Colored Methodist,
1 Presbyterian, and 1 Catholic church. Planing-mill, A. B. BROCK, 10 hands; lumber- and
coal-yards,
carriage-factory, machine-shop, agricultural depot, etc. Newspaper: Loveland
Enterprise, Con. W.
GATCH, editor and proprietor. Population in 1880, 595.
Sixty trains pass daily through it, and it is fast
building up.
FELICITY is on an elevated
plateau, in a rich, densely populated agricultural country, and is a
good
business centre, five miles from the Ohio.
Furniture and chair-making is the chief industry. It has 1 Methodist
Episcopal, 1 Wesleyan
Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Church of Christ, 1 Colored Methodist, and
1
Colored Baptist church, and in 1880 a population of 1,047.
The following are the names of
other villages in the county, with their populations in 1880: MOSCOW,
516;
NEVILLE, 445; BOSTON, 307.
Clermont has produced quite a number of
authors. Mary E.
FEE was a poetess, born
in the county, who wrote for the public prints over the signature of
“Eulalie.” Her
poems were published in
one volume of 194 pages, in Cincinnati, in 1854.
She at that time married John SHANNON, and
with her devoted husband sought a home in California, where as
“Eualalie”
she lectured and recited her poems, drawing the
largest and best-paying houses the Golden State ever accorded to any
person. She did not
live long to enjoy
her brilliant triumphs, and after her lamented hus-
Page 422
band fell in a duel.
Another lady,
Mrs. Dr. George CONNER, of Cincinnati, formerly Miss Eliza ARCHARD, and
the
well-known “E. A.,” of the Cincinnati Commercial,
is also a native.
George M. D. BLOSS, editor of the
Cincinnati Enquirer, resided at
Branch Hill, on the line of the L. M. R. R.; he was run over by the
cars and
killed there in 1876. He
was regarded as
one of the most able of political writers; but his handwriting, worse
than
Horace GREELEY’S, was so illegible that only one compositor
in the office could
decipher it, and he was retained for that purpose.
His memory for election statistics was as
extraordinary as his chirography was detestable.
His “Historic and Literary
Miscellany,” a
book of 460 pages, was highly popular.
Milton JAMEISON, of Batavia, who was lieutenant of Ohio
volunteers in
the Mexican war, wrote a work valuable as descriptive of army life
there, and
especially vivid in its descriptions of Mexican agricultural life and
the
shiftless character of the Mexican people.
Abbie C. MCKEEVER, the acknowledged successor of
Phoebe CARY, was born near Withamsville
in 1852, and
is still living there. She
has written
largely for the serials. Two
of her
poems which have been much admired are annexed:
DRIFT
AWAY Drift
away, oh clouds of amber. Drift
away to unknown heavens, Hopes
that whisper softly to him Drift-away,
oh, clouds of sunset, Drift
away; but while you are
passing ONLY. Only
a golden token, Only
a life made dark Only
a happy dream Only
a touching prayer |
NOTE:
Tombstone photos are available because of the marvelous volunteer
spirit of the Clermont County Genealogical Society.
Please note that it very possible that I linked to the incorrect image
since I am relying pretty much on matching names and dates, and gut
feeling. If you find that I am incorrect please do let me
know.