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These are 'excerpts' from a study of formation of Castleton Island State Park in the Albany,New York area.


Mull's Island

Mull's Island is recorded to have formed in 1753. It is located at the southwest corner of Lower Schodack Island and, when formed, probably closed the channel between Lower Schodack Island and Houghtaling Island.

There are sites of two ice houses on Mull's Island. The northern site was the J.N. Briggs Ice House, directly across the river from Coeymans on the west shore of the island. John N. Briggs was born in Coeymans in 1838 and in 1868 purchased his father's general store and business. In 1877 he sold it and engaged in the coal trade, and in 1879 he began to develop an amusement park on Beeren Island on the west side of the Hudson River. He entered the ice business in 1881 and eventually owned a number of ice houses. By 1897 he was "a heavy dealer in coal and ice," and his photograph was published in the Albany County history. Described as "a man of sound judgment, of quick and accurate perception, of indomitable energy," he also "invented and patented several valuable facilities for the use of ice men, which have come into general use throughout the ice producing belt". At one of the Briggs ice houses, however, there was a strike in January 1904. The Briggs Ice House structures on Mull's Island appear on maps as late as the 1926 Geological Survey quadrangle map. The ice house was purchased in 1927 by Herman and Henry Knaust for growing mushrooms, but this particular ice house was not used by them for that purpose. It was eventually torn down. In 1997 there are remains of a solid concrete quay on the river bank at this site, and traces of a stone foundation wall and of brick and cement foundation walls are visible.

On the south part of Mull's Island was the Miller and Witbeck Ice House. A panoramic photograph published in 1888 shows this ice house as an extensive operation. It appears on maps between 1891 and 1915, and it was directly across the river from Beeren Island. The ruins of a brick chimney stack of perhaps 35 to 40 feet in height still stands at this site. It was apparently the chimney of the power house, of which the foundation walls of brick and concrete also remain. The steam engine in this power house would have been used to provide the power to elevate the blocks of ice and convey them into the ice house. The remains of a stone quay wall along the shoreline are adjacent to the chimney stack, which is perhaps 75 feet inland.