Buckingham: The Township and the town were named after the county in England. The first settler Justus Smith came from Montreal in 1823 He brought in a group of employees and built a sawmill on the wet bank of the Li�vre at the cascade just south of the bridge that carries traffic across the Li�vre in Buckingham. This feature was later named in honour of a Governor General Duffrin Falls. Smith sold hi mil in 1824 when it had just been completed to one of his workers Baxter Bowman. The Mill workers soon brought their families and established homes about the mill. Levi Bigelow who arrived in 1824 opened a general store to serve the growing settlement in 1826 he built a sawmill on the east side of the falls, by the Bowman enterprise. The settlement grew quickly A Roman Catholic chapel was built in 1835 it was served by the Rev John Brady from 1840 until 1862 he spent his winters in the shanties up river where most of the men of the settlement had gone. He was succeeded by the Rev L Jouvent and he in turn by the RevF R Michel. Under the leadership of the later priest a large church St Gr�goire was erected by 890 (it burned in 1920 and a new church was built in 1897 there were 475 families in Buckingham.

The first Protestant place of worship a union building that served several congregations for some years was erected in 1837 The first Anglican church was built in 1852, The present St Stephens church dates from 1899 The Presbyterian church on Main St. today, St Andrews United dates for 1890.

The James Maclaren Co Ltd bought by Ross Bros and in 1901 the Bigelow mill passed thought several seat of hands after 1850 in 1850 it. The Maclaren interests owned he Bowman mill from 1864. Buckingham the entrepot of supplies for the shanties up river was the point of departure of many sleighs carrying provisions northward in the winter.

In 1874 Buckingham was thriving the Ottawa Citizen of Oct 6 noted that the village had grown more rapidly during the past twelve months than during the three pervious years. The road up the Li�vre had been opened up as far as Little Rapids with the aid of a gouvernment grant it was in such good condition that a buggy could be driven over it without difficulty. Eight new settlers, emigrants from France had taken advantage of the improved communication to set up homesteads along the Li�vre in the township of Portland. The plumbago (graphite) mines were in full operation Pennock & Co had twelve men digging Garret & Roberts had a new crushing mill at work that would make 400 tons of manufactured plumbago a week. It is said that many of the miners in Bucking ham came from Perth Ont

The pulp industry was established early in town A mill operated for a time at the Upper falls making ground wood pulp from about 1886.At the Upper falls mill site Walter A Williams began experimental electrochemical work in 1896.

John Thompson managed the old Bigelow sawmill for the Hamilton Bros of Hawkesbury from 1853 until 1869.

A large building at the north east corner of Main and Church Sts is said to have been built in 1841 it was the headquarters office and store of Ross Bros who operated the Bigelow sawmill from 1869 until 1901, it may have earlier been Levi Bigelow�s store

At 170-172 Joseph St the house was built by John Higginson who came to Buckingham with Levi Bigelow it was at one time occupied by Mr P Simpson editor of the Buckingham Post.