He was born on 13 November 1845, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to John Boyer Reiff and Beulah Ann Tice. (Beulah was his second wife; his first wife was Elizabeth Ziegler Tyson (1807-1841), with whom he had seven children.) [sources: date: 4, 5, 6, 19 (17 in 1861), 21, 40 [Bucks County PA], 41. place: 4, 19, 21. parents: 5, 6, 40, 42]
In 1850, he was living in Montgomery Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. He was living with his parents, John and Beulah Rieff, and with Pamella F Maclintock. He had attended school within the year. [source: 35]
On 10 November 1861, he and William Shaw ran away from their home in Millville, New Jersey, to enlist. When he enlisted, he was a pumpmaker. [sources: 19, 44]
When he enlisted, he was 5 feet 5 inches tall, and had a light complexion, grey eyes, and brown hair. [source: 19]
He enlisted and was mustered into service in company H on 14 November 1861. He was enlisted at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by Captain Gilbert. He had rifle number 80. [sources: 1, 4 (on his 16th birthday), 19, 29 (13 Nov 61), 46-47]
His half-brother Josiah C Reiff served as Adjutant of the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry. His half-brother Jacob B Reiff (born 1841) died at Andersonville Prison in 1862, and is buried at the Antietam National Cemetery. [sources: 29, 42]
In March and April 1862 he was a sentry at the Old Capital Prison, in Washington DC. [source: 2]
He was present after the Battle of Antietam, and had a "ghastly adventure", which he later described in a letter to the National Tribune. [source: 17]
He was present at the Battle of Gettysburg. He and Jim Thompson were detailed as pickets on the night of 2 July 1863. They were placed about 125 feet in front of the wall the regiment built, and quickly built their own wall from loose rocks. Because they were having trouble staying awake, despite rubbing onion juice, pepper, and tobacco in their eyes they requested temporary relief. The officer of the guard, Joseph Jones, granted their request, and returned with Stephen Whinna (H) and George S Phillips. Reiff and Thompson slept for two hours, before being awakened about 2 AM and standing the watch until the sun rose. Thompson was ordered back before Reiff, who had to run a gauntlet of shot and shells back to the regiment's line. [sources: 3, 20, 23, 26]
He also brought coffee to the members of his company--with more dirt than coffee, because of a Confederate shell! And on the third day, he observed a cavalryman grab a Confederate by the hair and carry him toward their lines. [sources: 3, 30]
Bates does not list him as a veteran, but the dates suggest that he was. [source: 1]
During the Battle of the Wilderness, he could not remove the ramrod from his gun because he had shot so many times. Joseph T Jones told him to jam it against a tree, to try to force the bullet down. But when he tried that, the ramrod broke. Reiff was apparently so upset that he 'cried like a child'. Jones suggested that if he waited a bit, he would be able to get a gun, and in a few minutes he did. [source: 43]
On 8 August 1864, the commander of a detail of musicians ordered to report to the Fifth Corps Hospital at City Point asked why Reiff hadn't reported. On 13 August 1864, Tayman replied that the original order did not mention Reiff. And on 13 September 1864, Sellers was still trying to deal with the confusion. However, on 16 September 1864, Sellers suggested that he be detached for duty in the Fifth Corps Hospital at City Point, Virginia. [sources: 8, 9, 10]
On 15 October 1864, he was detailed by Eli Sellers as orderly in the second brigade headquarters. [sources: 11, 16]
He was promoted on 15 May 1865 to sergeant, perhaps effective 1 May 1865. On 31 May 1865, he was promoted to sergeant, effective 31 May. [sources: 1, 14, 18]
On 3 July 1865, he was promoted to 1st sergeant, effective 1 July 1865. [sources: 1, 15]
He mustered out on 10 July 1865 with his company. He was a private, in company H. [sources: 1, 46-47]
He joined the Baptist church in 1865. [sources: 4, 5]
His brother, Josiah C Reiff, 'educated him, and took him into his office until his health failed, when he had to seek other employment'. [source: 29]
He graduated from the Crittendon Business College, and from the Pennsylvania State Normal School. [sources: 4, 5]
He was prevented from becoming a missionary to Japan by throat problems. Instead, he primarily worked as a teacher or superintendent. [source: 4]
In 1870, he seems to have been attending the Pennsylvania State Normal School, in Millersville, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. [source: 37]
He married Sara Ann Curl on 15 September 1874, in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. She was born on 9 September 1850, in Bristol, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. They had three children:
[sources: 4, 5, 6, 21, 22, 39, 40]
On 21 June 1876, he successfully applied for a pension. [source: 24, 28]
His daughter Beulah married H C Robb, and they had one living child when William Reiff died, William Preston Robb. His daughter Mary married Joseph McMillen, and they had one living child when William Reiff died, Mary Helen McMillen. [sources: 5, 42]
They lived in Indiana for two years. When they returned to Pennsylvania, he was a superintendent of schools for two years. [source: 5]
They moved to Marion County Kansas in 1878, where he taught in 1887. He then worked in real estate. [sources: 4, 5]
In 1885, he was living in Gale, Marion County, Kansas. He was living with his wife Sarah A and their children Mattie and SBM. He was teaching. [source: 37]
In 1888, he visited Philadelphia, and talked with Eli Sellers and others. [source: 20]
In 1890, he wrote to the National Tribune, describing George Black. Reiff was living in Marion, Kansas. [source: 45]
They moved to the Pecos Valley in 25 October 1892, because of his ill health. He was active in the schools. They lived in Hagerman for one year (about 1895), taking up a desert claim there. He later taught at the first school in Miller Station (later called Artesia). He worked in real estate for years, and eventually had to give that up because of ill health; for the last five years of his life he could not work. [sources: 4, 5, 30]
In 1895, he was living in Eddy, New Mexico, and expressing pessimism about young people's lack of attention to public affairs. [source: 31]
In 1900, he was living in Eddy County, New Mexico, in a house he owned (but which was mortgaged). He was in real estate. He was living with his wife, Sarah A Reiff, and their daughters, Martha, Sarah [sic], and Mary. [source: 21]
On 24 May 1907, he wrote the South Carolina Adjutant General, asking for information about Lieutenant Colonel Johnson, formerly of the (Confederate) 6th South Carolina Cavalry. Johnson had engaged in a hand-to-hand sabre fight with Reiff's half-brother Josiah C Reiff in April 1865. Unfortunately, the records on which Reiff was relying were wrong; Johnson actually served in the 3rd South Carolina Cavalry. The Adjutant General sent the letter to the South Carolina State Historical Commission, and it was published on 3 June 1907 in the Charleston News and Courier. Johnson had, apparently, died, by January 1897. [source: 33]
In 1910, he was living in Carlsbad, Eddy County, New Mexico, on a farm. He was not working. He was living with Sarah, Beulah (who was a public school teacher), and Mary. [source: 22]
On 16 June 1910, he wrote Joseph T Jones; Jones replied on 2 July 1910. Among other things, Jones said,
You always were a good soldier while I was a member of the 91st and you did your duty as honestly as any young man could do it and I have often thought of you but I have forgotten the names of most of the boys.
[source: 43]
In 1911, he was living in Carlsbad, [Eddy County,] New Mexico. [source: 29]
According to a funeral oration by his friend C H McLenathen, he was patient and never complained, although he was in pain because of his poor health. [sources: 4, 5]
He died in Carlsbad, New Mexico, on 4 April 1913, and was buried somewhere he had selected, "next to the grave of Rev. S. R. Wood, who was a valued friend of the deceased". (He had said that because he couldn't be buried on Little Round Top, he didn't care where he was buried.) He is now buried in Carlsbad Cemetery, Carlsbad, Eddy County, New Mexico. [sources: 4, 5, 20, 28, 41]
On 5 May 1913, his widow, Sarah A Reiff, succesfully applied from New Mexico for a pension. [sources: 24, 28]
In 1920, Sarah A Reiff was living in Tyrone Township, Grant County, New Mexico. She was living with her daughter Mary and Mary's family. [source: 25]
In 1930, Sarah A Reiff was living in San Gabriel Township, Los Angeles County, California. She was living with her daughter Beulah, Beulah's husband, and several other relatives. [source: 27]
In 1935, Sara A Reiff was living in Pasadena, Los Angeles County, California, as was her granddaughter Margaret A McMillan. [source: 38]
In 1940, his widow, Sara A Reiff, was living in ward 2, Carlsbad, Eddy County, New Mexico. She was living with her granddaughter Margaret A McMillan, and a lodger. She owned the house, which was worth $2,500. [source: 38]
On 10 December 1940, Sarah Ann Reiff died, in Monrovia, California. She was buried in Carlsbad Cemetery, Carlsbad, Eddy County, New Mexico. [sources: 39, 40]
'Prisoner by the scalp', National Tribune 28 February 1895, page 3 (available on Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
'Do not realize dangers', National Tribune 1 August 1895, page 3 (available on Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
'His worst scare. Ghastly adventure of a 91st Pa. boy on the Antietam field'. National Tribune 22 August 1895, page 3, column 2.
'Lincoln's kindness', National Tribune 26 December 1895, page 3 (available on Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
'Struggle for the Union. Trials of a boy in the Gettysburg campaign'. National Tribune 6 August 1896.
'Coffee on Little Round Top, Gettysburg'. National Tribune 19 May 1904.
'A boy hero'. National Tribune 3 August 1905, page 3, columns 1-2.
'Tortured for sleep'. National Tribune 25 May 1905.
'The soldier that was not buried'. National Tribune 17 August 1905, page 3, column 6
'Inquiry for Col Johnson'. Charleston News and Courier (Charleston SC), Monday 3 June 1907, page 2
'A federal prison guard'. Confederate Veteran 19 (1911) 526.
'A straddle bug'. National Tribune 14 September 1911.
'Josie and I at Gettysburg'. Gettysburg Compiler 9 August 1911.
1 Bates, Samuel Penniman. History of Pennsylvania volunteers, 1861-5. Harrisburg: B. Singerly, state printer, 1869-71. 5 volumes. 'Ninety-first regiment', volume 3, pages 186-233. (In the roster)
2 Reiff, W.C. 'A federal prison guard'. Confederate Veteran 19 (1911) 526.
3 Reiff, William C. 'Coffee on Little Round Top, Gettysburg'. National Tribune 19 May 1904.
4 'W. C. Reiff buried'. The Carlsbad Current Argus 11 April 1913 (volume 24 number 19), page 1.
5 'Old resident expires'. Carlsbad Current 11 April 1913.
6 'Schwenk, Stout, Moyer, Naugle, Goodhart, Latshaw & Allied Families of PA'. Gedcom at http://wc.rootsweb.com/~schwenk, WorldConnect project. Submitted by Thera [[email protected]]. (30 September 2000)
8 letter, Tayman to Reed, 13 August 1864
9 letter, Sellers to Bennett, 13 September 1864
10 letter, Sellers to Bennett, 16 September 1864
11 circular, HQ 91st PA, 15 October 1864
14 special order 31, HQ 91st PA, 31 May 1865
15 special order 39, HQ 91st PA, 3 July 1865 (Wm C Reiff)
16 [list of detailed men, probably from Sept 1864] (William C Reiff)
17 'His worst scare. Ghastly adventure of a 91st Pa. boy on the Antietam field'. National Tribune 22 August 1895, page 3, column 2.
18 company H, list of non-commissioned officers (William C Reiff)
19 company H, descriptive roll, #64 (William C Reiff)
20 William C Reiff, 'Tortured for sleep'. National Tribune 25 May 1905.
21 1900 US census, New Mexico, Eddy County, precinct 1, enumeration district 49, sheet 15, lines 44-48 (William C Reiff)
22 1910 US census, New Mexico, Eddy County, Carlsbad precinct 1, enumeration district 72, page 1A, lines 45-48 (William C Reiff)
23 Pennsylvania Memorial, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania (Wm C Reiff)
24 pension index, by name (William C Reiff)
25 1920 US census, New Mexico, Grant County, Tyrone Township, supervisor's district 2, enumeration district [illegible], microfilm series T625, film 1076, page 189 = 31 B handwritten (Sarah A Reiff)
26 William C Reiff. 'Josie and I at Gettysburg'. Gettysburg Compiler 9 August 1911.
27 1930 US census, California, Los Angeles County, San Gabriel Township, Alhambra City, supervisor's district 15, enumeration district 19-1419, microfilm series T626, film 173, page 285 = 11 B handwritten (Sarah A Reiff)
28 pension index, by regiment, 91st PA Infantry, company H (William C Reiff)
29 'Death of Col. Josiah C. Reiff', National Tribune 6 April 1911, page 4 (available on Library of Congress, Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
30 William C Reiff, 'Prisoner by the scalp', National Tribune 28 February 1895, page 3 (available on Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
31 William C Reiff, 'Do not realize dangers', National Tribune 1 August 1895, page 3 (available on Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
32 William C Reiff, 'Lincoln's kindness', National Tribune 26 December 1895, page 3 (available on Chronicling America (accessed 15 February 2012))
33 'Inquiry for Col Johnson'. Charleston News and Courier (Charleston SC), Monday 3 June 1907, page 2 (C Reiff)
34 'Twists and tangles', a family tree on Ancestry.com (accessed 23 March 2013), owner MaryChambers56
35 1850 US census, Pennsylvania, Montgomery County, Montgomery Township, microfilm series M432, film 800, page 99 verso = 198 handwritten (FamilySearch) (William Rieff)
36 1870 US census, Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Millersville, Manor Township, microfilm series M593, film 1357, page 550 verso = 26 handwritten (FamilySearch) (William Reiff)
37 Kansas State census, 1 March 1885, Marion County, Gale (Wm C Reiff)
38 1940 US census, New Mexico, Eddy, Carlsbad, ward 2, enumeration district 8-2A, microfilm series T627, film 2444, page 4 B handwritten (Sara A Reiff)
39 Find a grave, memorial 66343484, created by Betty, added 1 March 2011 (includes photo of headstone) (Sarah Ann Reiff)
40 'William Coffin Reiff family tree', a family tree on Ancestry, owner kukeshale, accessed 23 March 2013 (includes pictures of William and Buelah Reiff)
41 Find a grave, memorial 59074057, created by Jim Davenport, added 22 September 2010, accessed 23 March 2013 (includes photo of headstone, which mentions his service in the 91st PA) (William Coffin Reiff)
42 e-mail, Susan Stickles to Harry A Ide, 13 April 2013
43 letter, J T Jones to William C Reiff, 2 July 1910 (from the papers of William C Reiff) (William C Reiff)
44 inscription on back of photo of William Shaw, by William C Reiff
45 'Personal'. National Tribune 16 January 1890, page 3 (Wm C Reiff)
46 index to compiled service records of volunteer Union soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Pennsylvania (William C Reiff)
47 index to compiled service records of volunteer Union soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Pennsylvania (William C Rieff)
line | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
Dwellings visited | 127 | |||
Families visited | 137 | |||
Name | John B Rieff | Beulah " | William " | Pamella F Maclintock |
Age | 46 | 42 | 5 | 20 |
Sex | M | F | M | F |
Color | ||||
Occupation of males over 15 years | Laborer | |||
Real estate owned | ||||
Birthplace | " [sc. Pennsylvania] | New jersey | Pennsylvania | " |
Married within year | ||||
Attended school within year | 1 | |||
Over 20 & can't read/write | ||||
Deaf, dumb, blind, etc. |
line | 33 | 34 |
Dwelling-house number | [152] | |
Family number | [163] | |
Name | Reiff William | - Charles T. [?] |
Age | 25 | 20 |
Sex | M | M |
Color | W | W |
Occupation | " " [sc. at school] | " " |
Real estate value | ||
Personal estate value | ||
Birthplace | Penna | Penna |
Father foreign born | ||
Mother foreign born | ||
Birth month if born within year | ||
Marriage month if married within year | ||
Attended school past year | ||
Can't read | ||
Can't write | ||
Deaf, dumb, blind, etc. | ||
Male US citizen at least 21 years old | 1 | |
Male US citizen at least 21 years old who can't vote ... |
6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
house visit number | 29 | |||
family visit number | 29 | |||
name | Wm. C. Reiff | Sarah A " | Mattie " | S.B.M. " |
age last birthday | 39 | 34 | 9 | 1 |
sex | " [sc. M] | F | " | " |
color | " [sc. W] | " | " | " |
married | 1 | 1 | ||
single | 1 | 1 | ||
widow/widower | ||||
profession, occupation, or trade | Teaching |
line | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 |
street | |||||
house number | |||||
dwelling number | 351 [?] | ||||
family number | 363 [?] | ||||
name | Reiff, William C | - Sarah A | - Martha | - Sarah B [??] | - Mary J |
relationship | Head | Wife | Daughter | Daughter | Daughter |
color | W | W | W | W | W |
sex | M | F | F | F | F |
birth date | Nov 1845 | Sept 1850 | Aug 1881 [?] | Nov [illegible] | July [illegible] |
age | 54 | 49 | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] |
married? | M | M | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] |
# years married | 25 | 25 | |||
mother of how many children? | 3 | ||||
# of children living | 3 | ||||
birthplace | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Illinois [?] | Kansas [?] | Pennsylvania |
father's birthplace | Pennsylvania | New Jersey | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania |
mother's birthplace | New Jersey | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania |
immigration year | |||||
# years in USA | |||||
naturalized citizen? | |||||
occupation | Real Estate | Clerk [?] | At school | At school | |
# months not employed | 0 | ||||
# months in school | 7 | [illegible] | |||
can read | yes | yes | yes | yes | [illegible] |
can write | yes | yes | yes | yes [?] | [illegible] |
speaks English | yes | yes | yes | yes | [illegible] |
owned/rented | O | ||||
free or mortgaged | M | ||||
farm/house | F | ||||
# of farm schedule | H |
line | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 |
street | ||||
house nr | ||||
dwelling nr | 13 | |||
family nr | 13 | |||
name | Reiff, William C | _ Sarah A | _ Beulah M | _ Mary D. |
relationship | Head | Wife | Daughter | Daughter |
sex | M | F | F | F |
color | W | W | W | W |
age | 64 [?] | 59 | 26 | 19 |
marital status | M1 | M1 | S | S |
#years present marriage | 35 | 35 | ||
mother of # children | 3 | |||
mother of # living children | 3 | |||
birthplace | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Kansas | Pennsylvania |
father's birthplace | Pennsylvania | New York | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania |
mother's birthplace | New Jersey | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania |
immigrated | ||||
naturalized/alien | ||||
speaks English | English | English | English | English |
occupation | none | none | Teacher | none |
nature of industry etc. | Living on income [??] | Public School | ||
employer etc. | W | |||
out of work 15 Apr 1910? | No | |||
# weeks out of work 1909 | 12 | |||
can read | yes | yes | yes | yes |
can write | yes | yes | yes | yes |
school since 1 Sep 09 | yes | |||
owned/rented | O | |||
owned free or mortagaged | M | |||
farm/house | F | |||
nr on farm schedule | 10 | |||
civil war vet | [blank (sic)] | |||
blind | ||||
deaf & dumb |
line | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 |
street | Meager [?] Street | ||||
house number | 230 | ||||
dwelling visit number | 657 | ||||
family visit number | 687 | ||||
name | McMillan, John J | - Mary R | - Helen E | - Ann M | Reiff, Sarah A |
relationship | Head | Wife | Daughter | Daughter | Mother-In-Law |
own/rent | R | ||||
free/mortgaged (if owned) | |||||
sex | M | F | F | F | F |
race | W | W | W | W | W |
age at last birthday | 31 | 30 | 7 | 5 | 69 |
marital status | M | M | S | S | W [?] |
year of immigration | |||||
naturalized/alien | |||||
year of naturalization | |||||
attended school since Sept 1919 | Yes [?] | ||||
can read | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
can write | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
birth place | New Mexico | Pennsylvania | New Mexico | New Mexico | Pennsylvania |
native language | |||||
father's birthplace | Canada | Pennsylvania | New Mexico | New Mexico | New Jersey |
father's native language | English | ||||
mother's birthplace | Ireland | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania |
mother's native language | English | ||||
can speak English | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
occupation | [illegible] | None | None | None | None |
industry, business | Salesman General [??] Store | ||||
employment status | W | ||||
number of farm schedule |
line | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 |
street | Campbell Ave | |||||
house number | 1619 | |||||
dwelling visit # | 297 | |||||
family visit # | 317 | |||||
name | Daley Clarence R | - Beulah A | Reiff Sarah A | McMillen Helen E | - Margaret | - John R |
relation | Head | Wife | Mother-in-law | Niece-in-law | Niece-in-law | Nephew-in-law |
owned/rented | O | |||||
value or rent | 5000 | |||||
radio | R | |||||
farm | No | |||||
sex | M | F | F | F | F | M |
color | W | W | W | W | W | W |
age | 49 | 45 | 79 | 17 | 15 | 7 |
married? | M | M | Wd | S | S | S |
age 1st marriage | 39 | 35 | 24 | |||
school/college since 9/29 | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
can read & write | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |
birthplace | Iowa | Kansas | Pennsylvania | New Mexico | New Mexico | Texas |
father's birthplace | Iowa | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | New Mexico | New Mexico | New Mexico |
mother's birthplace | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania |
native language | ||||||
immigration year | ||||||
naturalization | ||||||
can speak English | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |
occupation | Bookkeeper | Receptionist | None | None | None | None |
industry | Creamery | Lawyers Office | ||||
worker class | W | W | ||||
at work yesterday | Yes | Yes | ||||
unemployment schedule # | ||||||
veteran? | No | |||||
war | ||||||
farm schedule # |
line no. | 60 | 61 | 62 |
street | |||
house number | 509 | ||
household visit # | 102 | ||
owned/rented | O | ||
value or rent | 2500 | ||
farm? | No | ||
name | Reiff Sara A | McMillan Margaret A | Donnelly Clara C |
relation | Head | Granddaughter | Lodger |
sex | F | F | F |
color/race | W | W | W |
age | 89 | 25 | 32 |
marital status | Wd | S | S |
school/college last year? | No | No | No |
highest grade finished | C2 | C2 | H4 |
birthplace | Penna | New Mexico | Oklahoma |
citizenship if foreign born | |||
1935 city | Pasadena | Pasadena | Tulsa |
1935 county | Los Angeles | Los Angeles | Tulsa |
1935 state/country | California | California | Oklahoma |
1935 farm? | |||
at work for pay/profit 24-30 March? | Yes | ||
assigned to emergency work 24-30 March? | |||
seeking work? | - | ||
if no to previous three, have a job? | - | ||
if no to previous four, status? | - | ||
if work for pay/profit #hrs worked 24-30 Mar? | 40 | ||
if emergency/seeking work, #wks unemployed | |||
occupation | Stenographer | ||
industry | Potash [?] | ||
worker class |   | O.W. | |
# weeks worked in 1939 | |||
income in 1939 | |||
income >$50 other than money wages/salary? | No | No | |
farm schedule # |