Husband Eustace De Burgo, Baron Of Tonsburgh 1
AKA: Eustace De Conteville
Born: Abt 1005 - Tonsburgh, Normandy, France
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Father: Jean De Conteville, Vicomte De Comyn (Abt 0962- ) 1 2
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General Notes: Husband - Eustace De Burgo, Baron Of Tonsburgh
Eustace de Burgh, Baron Tonsburgh, in Normandy, younger brother of Harlowen de Burgh, the ancestor of the Lords Clanricarde, and the numerous families of De Burgh, Burke, and Bourke, had two sons, Serlo, and John, surnamed Monoculus, from having but one eye. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 121, Clavering, Barons Clavering]
Note: Apparently John "Monoculus" de Burgo was not a son of Eustace, despite the similar name.
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Wife Adelaide (Alice) Of Burgundy 1 3 4
Born: Abt 895 - Bourgogne, France
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Father: Richard I "The Justiciar" Duke Of Burgundy (Abt 0860-0921) 1 3 4
Mother: Adelaide Of Auxerre (Abt 0872-0929) 1 3 4
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Wife Agnes Of Burgundy 1 5
Born: Abt 995 - Bourgogne, France 6
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Died: 10 Nov 1068 6
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Father: Otto Guillaume Count Of Burgundy (Abt 0955-1026) 1 7 8 9
Mother: Ermentrude de Roucy, Countess of Macon (Abt 0953-1004) 1 7 10 11
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Husband Robert I Guiscard De Hauteville, Duke Apulia 1 12 13
AKA: Robert I Guiscard De Hauteville Duke Of Apulia,14 Robert I Guiscard De Hauteville Duke Of Apulia
Born: Abt 1015 - Hauteville, Manche, Normandy, France 14
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Died: 17 Jul 1085 - the Seige of Cephalonia, Cehpalonia, Greece 14
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Father: Tancred "Guiscard" Seigneur De Hauteville, Sir (Abt 0980-Abt 1050) 1 15
Mother: Fressendis (Fredesende) Of Normandy (Abt 0995-1057) 1 16 17 18
Marriage: - 1st Wife - Divorced (Consanguinity) 19
Other Spouse: Sigelgaita (Sichelgaite) Princess Of Salerno (1031-1090) 1 12 14 20 - 1058 14
Wife Albreda (Auberee\Alberada) De Burgundy 1 19 20
Born: Abt 1026 - Bourgogne, France
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Died: After Jul 1122
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Father: Renaud I Count Palatine Of Burgundy (Abt 0990-1057) 1 19 21 22
Mother: Alice (Adeliza\Adelais) Of Normandy (Abt 1003-After 1037) 1 19 21 23
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1 F Miss Guiscard 1 20
AKA: Miss De Hauteville
Born: Abt 1049 - Apulia, Cala, Italy
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Spouse: Hugh III D'este Comte Du Maine (Abt 1049-1097) 1 20 24
2 M Bohemond I Prince Of Antioch 1 13
AKA: Bohemond I De Hauteville Prince Of Antioch
Born: 1052 - Normandy, France
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Died: 7 Mar 1111 - Canosa Di Puglia, Canossa, Canossa, , , Italy 13 25
Buried: - Captured Antioch 3 June 1098
General Notes: Husband - Robert I Guiscard De Hauteville, Duke Apulia
All of the following information was copied from J.K. Loren, World Connect db=lorenfamily:
"This Robert was a Norman by birth, of obscure origin, with an overbearing character and a thoroughly villainous mind; he was a brave fighter, very cunning in his assaults on the wealth and power of great men; in achieving his aims absolutely inexorable, diverting criticism by incontrovertible argument. He was a man of immense stature, surpassing even the biggest men; he had a ruddy complexion, fair hair, broad shoulders, eyes that all but shot out sparks of fire. . . Homer remarked of Achilles that when he shouted his hearers had the impression of a multitude in uproar, but Robert's bellow, so they say, put tens of thousands to flight." The Alexiad, I, ii
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Robert, byname ROBERT GUISCARD, or ROBERT DE HAUTEVILLE, Italian ROBERTO GUISCARDO, or ROBERTO D'ALTAVILLA (b. c. 1015, Normandy [France]--d. July 17, 1085, near Cephalonia, Greece, Byzantine Empire), Norman adventurer who settled in Apulia, in southern Italy, about 1047 and became duke of Apulia (1059). He eventually extended Norman rule over Naples, Calabria, and Sicily and laid the foundations of the Kingdom of Sicily.
Arrival in Apulia
Robert was born into a family of knights. Arriving in Apulia, in southern Italy, around 1047 to join his half brother Drogo, he found that it and Campania, though they were southern Italy's most flourishing regions, were plagued by political disturbances. These regions attracted hordes of fortune-seeking Norman immigrants, who were to transform the political role of both regions in the following decades.
In Campania, the Lombards of Capua were launching wars against the Byzantine dukes of Naples in order to gain possession of that important seaport. In Apulia, William ("Iron Arm") de Hauteville, Robert's eldest half brother, having successfully defeated the Byzantine Greeks who controlled that region, had been elected count of Apulia in 1042. In 1046 he had been succeeded by his brother Drogo.
When Robert joined his brothers, they sent him to Calabria to attack Byzantine territory. He began his campaign by pillaging the countryside and ransoming its people. In 1053, at the head of the combined forces of Normans from Apulia and Campania, he defeated the haphazardly led forces of the Byzantines, the Lombards, and the papacy at Civitate. Because of the deaths of William and Drogo and of his third half brother, Count Humphrey, in 1057, Robert returned to Apulia to seize control from Humphrey's sons and save the region from disgregating internal conflicts. After becoming the recognized leader of the Apulian Normans, Robert resumed his campaign in Calabria. His brother Roger's arrival from Normandy enabled him to extend and solidify his conquests in Apulia.
In his progression from gang leader to commander of mercenary troops to conqueror, Robert emerged as a shrewd and perspicacious political figure. In 1059 he entered into a concordat at Melfi with Pope Nicholas II. Until that time the papacy had been hostile toward the Normans, considering them to be an anarchist force that upset the political structure in southern Italy--a structure based on a balance of power between the Byzantines and the Lombards of northern Italy. The schism that took place between the Greek and Latin churches in 1054 worsened the relations between the Byzantine emperors and the papacy, and eventually the papacy realized that Norman conquests over the Byzantines could work to its advantage. Robert's plan to expel the Arabs from Sicily and restore Christianity to the island also found favour in Nicholas' eyes. This expedition into Sicily got under way in 1060, as soon as the conquest of Calabria was completed. Robert entrusted the command of the expedition to his brother Roger, but on particularly difficult occasions--e.g., the siege of Palermo in 1071--he came to his brother's aid.
Until this time, Robert's relations with Roger had not always been amicable, since Roger, aware of both his own talent and Robert's dependency on him, would not settle for the subordinate role allotted him. Their differences were resolved when Robert invested Roger, after he had recognized Robert's supreme authority, with "the County of Sicily and Calabria" along with the right to govern and tax both counties.
Expansion of the Duchy
Robert continued to expand the small county left by Humphrey into a duchy, extending from the Adriatic to the Tyrrhenian sea. The capture of Bari in April 1071 resulted in the end of Byzantine rule in southern Italy. Robert turned next to the neighbouring territories of Salerno, controlled by the Lombards. Instead of fighting them, he dissolved his first marriage and in 1058 married the sister of Salerno's last Lombard prince, Gisulf II. Hostilities broke out between the two rulers, however, and Gisulf naively tried to bring about a Byzantine counteroffensive against Robert. Fearing that the Norman advances into Campania, Molise, and Abruzzi would threaten the papal dominions, Pope Gregory VII excommunicated Robert and gave Gisulf considerable military aid. The struggle came to a head when Gisulf, determined to display his power, advanced toward the prosperous city of Amalfi. Robert responded to the city's plea for help in 1073 and successfully defended it; in December 1076 he took Salerno from Gisulf and made it the capital of his duchy.
Robert was now at the height of his power. During his rise he repressed with an iron hand not only the claims of Humphrey's sons but also the uprisings of towns and lords that were fretting under the restraints imposed upon them. The harshness with which Robert chose to deal with these rebels was intended to transform a heterogeneous population into a strong, sovereign state.
When, in 1080, the conflict between church and state over the right to make ecclesiastical investitures had become more intense, Robert chose to reconcile himself with Gregory VII, entering into the Concordat of Ceprano, which confirmed the commitments of the earlier Council of Melfi. Even the Byzantine court drew closer to him and went as far as trying to establish a familial relationship with Robert. The Byzantine emperor Michael VII, in need of Robert's help to uphold his unstable throne, married his son, Constantine, to one of Robert's daughters, Helen. The opposition party, however, deposed Michael and confined Helen in a monastery. To guarantee Apulia against attack from the new rulers of Byzantium, Robert wanted the territories on the Adriatic coast of the Balkan Peninsula, and he began to build a large navy. Michael's expulsion and Helen's confinement reawakened his unappeased spirit of adventure and hastened his long-considered expedition. Now his goal was even more ambitious: to march to Byzantium and crown himself emperor in place of the deposed Michael.
In 1083 Robert landed in Epirus with a well-trained army and immediately succeeded in defeating the Byzantines and their Venetian allies. The pope, however, suddenly recalled him to Italy to help him expel the German king Henry IV, who was marching on Rome en route to claiming southern Italy for the Holy Roman Empire. Having returned home and suppressed the revolts of the lords hostile to himself and to Pope Gregory VII, Robert moved toward Rome, defeated the pope's enemies, and escorted him to Salerno in the summer of 1084. Following this success, he returned to his campaign on the Adriatic coast. He died during the siege of Cephalonia on July 17, 1085.
Achievements
Physically attractive, endowed with an acute and unscrupulous intelligence, a brilliant strategist and competent statesman, Robert had begun to organize a state composed of diverse ethnic and civil groups: Latin and Germanic in Lombard territories and Greek in Byzantine domains. The new political structure was built on a monarchial-feudal framework characteristic of the time, but it was controlled by the energetic and uncompromising Robert, who tried to use his ducal power to create a powerful and prosperous state. The other base on which he built was Roman Catholicism, the religion of the conquerors and most of the conquered, which he used to reconcile the subjected peoples. An extremely religious man, Robert was distrustful of the Greek clergy because of their ties with Byzantium. On the other hand, his generosity toward the Latin church was bountiful. He endowed it with territories and clerical immunities in order to tie it firmly to the feudal system. Splendid cathedrals and Benedictine abbeys were built in the hope that they would consolidate and diffuse Latin language and culture among the heterogeneous people and tie them into a new, unified state. Robert was kept from realizing this political vision only by his death. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1996, ROBERT GUISCARD]
Husband Bertrand Count Of Toulouse 1 26 27 28
Born: Abt 1095 - Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrenees, France
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Died: 1112
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Marriage: - 1st Husband 26 27 28
Wife Alice (Alix Or Ela) Borel Of Burgundy 1 26 27 28 29
AKA: Alice Borel Of Burgundy
Born: Abt 1095 - Dijon, , Bourgogne, France
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Died: Abt 1194 26
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Father: Eudes I Borel Duke Of Burgundy (1058-1103) 1 27 30
Mother: Maud (Matilda) Of Burgundy (1065- ) 1 30
Other Spouse: William III Talvas, Count Of Alencon & Ponthieu (After 1087-1171) 1 26 27 28 29 - After 1112 - 2ND Husband 26 28
Noted events in her life were:
• Alt. Death 31, 28 Feb 1142
• Alt. Death 29, 1191
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General Notes: Husband - Bertrand Count Of Toulouse
Note many people have Bertrand born much earlier. However his mother Elvira's father Alfonso VI was not born until 1040.
General Notes: Wife - Alice (Alix Or Ela) Borel Of Burgundy
Alice (or Ela) of Burgundy, died 1194/5; married (1) Bertrand, Count of Toulouse; married (2) William III Talvas, died 30 June 1171, Count of Alencon & Ponthieu, son of Robert II de Belleme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon, born between 1052 and 1056, died 8 May, not earlier than 1131, by his wife, Agnes, living 1100, daughter of Guy I, died 1100, Count of Ponthieu and Montreuil. [Ancestral Roots]
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He [William Talvas] married Ela, widow of Bertrand, COUNT OF TOULOUSE, and daughter of Eudes BOREL, DUKE OF BURGUNDY, by Maud, sister of William TESTARD, COUNT OF BURGUNDY. He died 30 June 1171.] [Complete Peerage XI:697, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]
Husband William III Talvas, Count Of Alencon & Ponthieu 1 26 27 28 29
AKA: Guillaume III Comte D' Alencon & De Ponthieu
Born: After 1087 - Alencon, Orne, Normandy, France
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Died: 30 Jun 1171 26 28
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Father: Robert II De Montgomery, 3rd Earl Shrewsbury (Between 1052/1056-After 1131) 1 26 32
Mother: Agnes Heiress Of Montreuil & Ponthieu (Abt 1065-After 1100) 1 26 29 32
Marriage: After 1112 - 2ND Husband 26 28
Noted events in his life were:
• Alt. Death 29, 1172
Wife Alice (Alix Or Ela) Borel Of Burgundy 1 26 27 28 29
AKA: Alice Borel Of Burgundy
Born: Abt 1095 - Dijon, , Bourgogne, France
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Died: Abt 1194 26
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Father: Eudes I Borel Duke Of Burgundy (1058-1103) 1 27 30
Mother: Maud (Matilda) Of Burgundy (1065- ) 1 30
Other Spouse: Bertrand Count Of Toulouse (Abt 1095-1112) 1 26 27 28 - 1st Husband 26 27 28
Noted events in her life were:
• Alt. Death 31, 28 Feb 1142
• Alt. Death 29, 1191
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1 M Guy II Count Of Ponthieu 1 29 33
Born: 1118 - Ponthieu, Somme, Picardy, France
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Died: 1147 - Ephesus On Way To Holy Land 29 33
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2 F Ela De Talvas, D'alencon 1 27 34 35 36
AKA: Ela D' Alencon
Born: Abt 1120 - Alencon, Orne, Normandy, France
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Died: 4 Oct 1174 27 35 36
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Spouse: Patrick De Salisbury, 1st Earl Of Salisbury (Abt 1120-1168) 1 27 36 37 38
Marr: Bef 1152 - 2ND Husband 2ND Wife 27 38
Spouse: William de Warenne, 3rd Earl Of Surrey (Abt 1119-1148) 1 34 38 39
Marr: 1st Husband 27
3 F Clemence D' Alencon 1 31
Born: Abt 1120 - Alencon, Orne, Normandy, France 31
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Died: Abt 1189 31
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4 M Jean I De Ponthieu, Comte D'alencon 1 40
AKA: Jean I De Ponthieu Comte D' Alencon
Born: Abt 1122 - Ponthieu, Somme, Picardy, France
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Died: 24 Feb 1191 - Alencon, Orne, Normandy, France 40
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General Notes: Husband - William III Talvas, Count Of Alencon & Ponthieu
William III Talvas, died 30 June 1171, Count of Alencon & Ponthieu, son of Robert II de Belleme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon, born between 1052 and 1056, died 8 May, not earlier than 1131, by his wife, Agnes, living 1100, daughter of Guy I, died 1100, Count of Ponthieu and Montreuil. [Ancestral Roots]
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[WILLIAM (TALVAS), only son and heir, became Count of Ponthieu in succession to his father, probably between 4 March 1105/6, when William and his father Robert de Bellême confirmed to the abbey of Marmoutier all its possessions in all their land and in Ponthieu, and 1110 or 1111, when William alone, as Count of Ponthieu, made a gift to the abbey of Cluny. In June 1119 Henry I restored to him all his father's lands in Normandy. He resigned Ponthieu to his son Guy, in or after 1126, but before 17 October 1129, but retained the title of Count of Ponthieu. In 1135 Henry I confiscated his Norman lands, whereupon William joined Geoffrey Plantagenet, with whom he invaded Normandy after the death of Henry I.
He married Ela, widow of Bertrand, COUNT OF TOULOUSE, and daughter of Eudes BOREL, DUKE OF BURGUNDY, by Maud, sister of William TESTARD, COUNT OF BURGUNDY. He died 30 June 1171.] [Complete Peerage XI:697, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]
General Notes: Wife - Alice (Alix Or Ela) Borel Of Burgundy
Alice (or Ela) of Burgundy, died 1194/5; married (1) Bertrand, Count of Toulouse; married (2) William III Talvas, died 30 June 1171, Count of Alencon & Ponthieu, son of Robert II de Belleme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon, born between 1052 and 1056, died 8 May, not earlier than 1131, by his wife, Agnes, living 1100, daughter of Guy I, died 1100, Count of Ponthieu and Montreuil. [Ancestral Roots]
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He [William Talvas] married Ela, widow of Bertrand, COUNT OF TOULOUSE, and daughter of Eudes BOREL, DUKE OF BURGUNDY, by Maud, sister of William TESTARD, COUNT OF BURGUNDY. He died 30 June 1171.] [Complete Peerage XI:697, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]
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Wife Beatrix De Burgundy 1 41
Born: Abt 1072 - Dijon, , Bourgogne, France
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Father: Henry Of Burgundy (1035-Abt 1074) 1 42 43
Mother: Sibylle Of Barcelona (1035-After 1074) 1 42 44
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Wife Bertha Of Burgundy 1 45
Born: Abt 1062 - Macon, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France
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Died: Bef 1096
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Father: William I "The Great" Count Of Macon & Burgundy (Abt 1024-1087) 1 46 47
Mother: Stephanie (Etiennette) De Longwy (Abt 1035-1109) 1 48 49 50
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Wife Clemence Clementia Of Burgundy 1 51 52
Born: Abt 1078 - Bourgogne, France
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Died: 1131
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Father: William I "The Great" Count Of Macon & Burgundy (Abt 1024-1087) 1 46 47
Mother: Stephanie (Etiennette) De Longwy (Abt 1035-1109) 1 48 49 50
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General Notes: Wife - Clemence Clementia Of Burgundy
Clemence, widow of Robeert II, Count of Flanders; and sister of Pope Calixtus II. [Burke's Peerage]
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Wife Constance Of Burgundy 1 53
Born: Abt 1046 - Dijon, , Bourgogne, France
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Died: Abt Jan 1093 53
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Father: Robert I "The Old" Capet, Duke of Burgundy (Abt 1011-1076) 1 54 55
Mother: Helie (Ella) De Semur (1016-After 1055) 1 55 56
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