Part of the
Acorn Archive
Hearts of Oak
Branwell’s
Mill, Gulval, Cornwall
The Branwell Family
and the Bronte Family
Robert
Matthews Branwell (Snr) The Lion of
Penlee
Branwell’s
Mill viewed from the North
Branwells’
Mill was the locals’ name for Vellanhoggan Mill, which had stood and worked for
generations before, set alongside the Ponsandane Brook; somewhere around 1870
the mill was expanded and developed [see the notice below], and again in 1884
with new grand buildings, in much the same style as the Granaries and Offices
in Penzance, which were set by the Railway Station. At that time the mill was
named The Penzance Steam Flour Mills, of some considerable height and mass,
made the larger by the fact of the water tower and high brick chimney. There
had previously been a great fire in 1865, and so when the new building was
formed, they were taking no chances. At the mills were kept their own 24
horses, all well stabled, and wagon houses and a wheelwrights workshop, it was
the wheels that needed constant repair as well as new ones; necessary, as the
mill produced over 1,000 sacks of milled corn per month. Being set on the side
of the brook, the mill was also fitted with a 50 horse power waterwheel. The three
steam engines gave 210 horse power. Unfortunately, larger and more efficient
mills were being built on the great ports (milling straight from the ship,
instead of transporting to the mills) and so milling in Penzance died off; The
mill at Vellanhoggan closed in 1902, with the loss of 30 men’s livelihoods. The
mill is shown on the 1908 Ordnance map as diused, by 1936, the mill buildings
had been totally demolished. The only legacy we have is the great Granary in
Penzance, which unfortunately has been named as Branwell’s Mill, for no mill
existed on that site.
1st
November 1871; Notice was given by John Richard Branwell and Robert Matthews
all of Penzance and of Vellanhoggan Mills in Gulval, trading as R M. Branwell
& sons, flour merchants and millers, lessees and tenants of tenement of
Vellanhoggan, to the Penzance Board of Highways and Mr Thomas Care, surveyor of
the board, of their wish to stop-up and divert the public footway and road
running through their mills.
In
1895 …
Messrs R M Branwell and Sons, Millers and general
Merchants,
The Granaries, Penzance.
Mills: The Penzance Steam Flour Mills, Gulval.
Telegraphic Address: "The Branwells, Penzance".
Messrs R M Branwell and Sons trade on a large scale as
millers and general merchants, having an extensive connection of an exclusively
wholesale character. The business has descended from father to son during many
generations, the headquarters being the large block of three and four storey
buildings near the Great Western Station, known as "The Granaries". The
buildings are of granite and familiar to all residents of Penzance and to many
of the occasional visitors. Behind the granaries are commodious and well
appointed offices, which have been built within the last ten years. The milling
operations are carried on at the Penzance Steam Flour Mills, at Gulval, about a
mile to the east of Penzance. The mills have been altered and re-arranged from
time to time, and are well built and well planned structures. They comprise a
group of buildings of varying heights, the principle ones being of three and
four storeys, while extending to a greater altitude is a square water tower,
and adjoining it is a tall chimney stack and engine boiler houses. From the
tower a splendid view of the sea and the surrounding countryside can be
obtained. The milling plant is of modern construction, on the roller system
which has for some years almost superseded the older millstones, with the best
technical, practical and commercial results to the milling interest, and to
consumers of flour. With a good plant of roller mills, supplemented by an
adequate complement of purifying and dressing machinery, the resources and
capacities of modern flour mills are far in advance of the best millstone mills
of twenty years ago or less.
Extract from the 1908 Ordnance Map
~~~~ ~~~~
On 29th
December 1812, Charlotte Branwell married (at Madron Church) Joseph Branwell of
Gulval. Witnesses were Robert M Branwell, Richard Branwell, Elizabeth Branwell,
Grace Thomas and Tobias Read. Charlotte was one of the seven children of Thomas
Branwell and Ann (nee Carne), who were married at Madron 28th
November 1768. On this same day, 29th December 1812, her sister
Maria was getting married at St Oswald’s church to the Rev Patrick Bronte, the
service being performed by his friend the Rev William Morgan. Shortly before
that Reverend Patrick Bronte had performed the marriage ceremony for Rev
William Morgan, marrying Jane Fennell, Maria’s cousin, for Jane’s father was
the Reverend John Fennell [Wesleyan minister at Falmouth and Leeds, he was
ordained into the Church of England in 1816; became Rector of Cross Stone near
Todmorden 1819-1841. He had been the First Governor and head of Woodhouse Grove
School Yorkshire in 1812; Patrick Bronte also was there in 1813; Jane Branwell
was governess of Woodhouse Grove School 1812-1813, though some say she left a
lady in her place and went off to meet her friends about]. And, there is the
connection in which Penzance rejoices in the connection with the Bronte family.
Children
of Patrick Bronte and Maria Branwell
i)
Maria Bronte born 1813, died 1825
ii)
Elizabeth Bronte born 1814, died 1825
iii)
Charlotte Bronte born 1816, wrote as Currer Bell, married Rev Alfred Bell
Nicholls 29th June 1854;
she
died 31st March 1855.
iv)
Patrick Bronte born 1817, engineer, stationmaster at Luddenfoot in 1838, he
died 24th September 1848.
v)
Emily Jane Bronte born 1818, wrote as Ellis Bell, died 19th December
1848.
vi)
Anne Bronte born 1821, wrote as Acton Bell, died 28th May 1849.
This
and below compiled from Cornish Sources, in particular G C Boase.
The
other Branwell household in Penzance was;
Joseph
Branwell, builder, who married Temperance Matthews 2nd March 1772 at
Madron. Joseph Branwell was the son of Richard Branwell, a builder of some
repute in with his partner Edward Hamilton, the builders of the Assembly Rooms
of the Union Hotel (note below) in 1791 and 25 Chapel Street and others.
Richard Branwell was born 1711 (father Martyn Branwell) and married to Margaret
John.[whether or not she was connected with George John of Rosemorran reamains
to be seen].
Children
of Joseph Branwell and Temperance (nee Matthews)
a)
Robert Matthews Branwell (Snr), flour merchant and grocer, married Jane
Richards of Newlyn. Son, John Richards became a senior partner in RM Branwell
& Sons, corn merchants, became mayor of Penzance in 1865, 1868 and 1871. He
built Penlee House in 1865 … See The Lion of Penlee page (link above).
children
i)
Robert Branwell, grocer and flour merchant; married Jane Richards of Newlyn, he
became mayor of Penzance in 1850.
children
(ia)
John Richards Branwell, born 1824, senior partner in J M Branwell & Sons,
residence
Penlee House,
mayor
of Penzance 1865, 1868, 1871. Married Miss Tyacke of Rotherhithe; 5 children.
(iia)
Robert Matthews Branwell (Jnr), merchant, married Miss Tremewan,
lived
at Redinnick House, Penzance.
(iiia)
and Thomas Richards Branwell, Charles Branwell, Frederick Branwell, Phillippa
Branwell
and
Ada Branwell.
ii)
John Freethy Branwell, grocer and Borough Treasurer Penzance
iii)
Honor Branwell, married John Barwis, schoolmaster (after whom Barwis Hill is
named),
they
lived in Penare House.
iv)
Mary Branwell
a)
Robert Matthews Branwell by his second marriage to Jane Vivian of Camborne
children
v)
Richard Branwell Surgeon, of Brighton
vi)
Jane Branwell, Governess
vii)
Eliza Branwell, married Richard Hosking, lived Brook Cottage Madron
viii)
Lavinia Branwell, married Francis J Cornish, grocer, Greenmarket.
ix)
Julia Branwell
x)
Ellen Vivian Branwell, married 1866 to Alfred W Warder MD;
She
was poisoned by her husband and died at Brighton 1st July 1866.
b) Joseph
Branwell (schoolmaster, married cousin Charlotte in 1812)
of
their children can be said
i)
Thomas Bronte Branwell, Secretary’s Dept War Office until 1878.
ii)
Charles Henry Branwell, Midshipman RN, died young.
c)
Lieutenant Branwell RN
d)
…”several daughters”
~~~~~o0o~~~~~
Note
: The Union Hotel was formerly known as The Ship & Castle Hotel, and
Penzance becoming a centre, from 1770, for meetings, assemblies and balls, it
became obvious that some expansion was necessary. The Assembly Rooms were
opened in 24th October 1791, and provided a chandeliered ballroom,
together with a theatre over the stables, becoming the Georgian Theatre; it
appears that the theatre was closed in 1839, but when I inspected the building
some years ago c1975, as it was a disused Masonic Hall, there was a separate
dressing room which contained many old playbills and posters, though some appeared to be later than 1839. I may look
into that story later. The front of the Union Hotel was altered c1835. I will
cover the Union Hotel on the Chapel Street pages whenever possible.
Raymond Forward