The Wainwrights of Penistone Parish
A site devoted to those named Wainwright, who originated in and around Penistone Parish, Yorkshire, England

Chronological List of Historical Events and Items of Interest

Last Updated: 10/21/2004
Click to return to 'The Wainwrights of Penistone Parish, Yokshire, England' Home Page

Prior to 1400:

7000BC
to
4000BC
Early Mesolithic settlements in Ulster (Northern Ireland) You need Internet access to get to this site.
4000BC
to
2500BC
Neolithic Farming You need Internet access to get to this site.
The Stonehenge was erected in about 2800 BC.
It may have been used for religious ceremonies, and it remained in use for the next 2000 years. We have no written records of Stonehenge, but its alignments show its purposes apparently included the determination of seasonal or celestial events, such as lunar eclipses, solstices and so on. 9
Click here for a larger copy. Click here for a larger copy.
Click on the pictures, (which were taken on 6/11/2001) for a larger view.

In 2650 BC, construction began on the first pyramids in Egypt.
2500BC
to
300BC
Bronze Age You need Internet access to get to this site.
In 1251 BC, Moses led the 12 tribes of Israel from Egypt across Sinai desert to enter the Promised Land of Canaan, which is now Israel. This is also the time when the Trojan Horse was used to gain access to Troy after a 10 year siege of the city.
In 1005 BC, King David conquered the city of Jerusalem and founded the first Israelite kingdom. His son Solomon built the great temple of Jerusalem, part of which remain today and is known as the "Wailing Wall".
800BC
to
475BC
Celtic Kingdoms You need Internet access to get to this site.
In about 750 BC, Homer wrote "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" telling the story of the fall of Troy and of the ancient Greek heroes.
In 722 BC, Israel was defeated and its people were deported to Mesopotamia as slaves. The ancient city of Babylon was destroyed.
In 543 BC, an Indian prince known as Buddha developed a new religion out of Hinduism. His teachings, that man should become enlightened through meditation, founded the basis of Buddhism.
In 530 BC, Confucius developed a system of thought that valued ethical government and "natural order". At this time, the philosopher and mathematician, Pythagoras established a school in Italy.
387BC
to
___BC
In 387 BC, Plato founded the "Academy", and in 335 BC, his student, Aristotle, founded the "Lyceum".
793
to
1012
The Vikings You need Internet access to get to this site.
By 840, Vikings were living year round in Ireland.
1066 William I (William the Conqueror), Duke of Normandy, invaded England, 12 and ascended to the throne on December 25th. 2 (p.625)
William was descended for the Vikings.
The practice of shoeing horses was introduced this year. 6 (p. 315)
1068 The son of William the Conqueror, Henry I (Beauclerc), was born at Selby.
1080 Alliance between Pope and the Normans in Sicily. 12
1082 Alexios I granted Venice extraordinary commercial privileges for its help against the Normans. 12
1083 Alexios I defeated the Normans at Larissa. 12
1084 Henry VI is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope. Normans dissolve Rome. 12
1085 Pope Gregory died in Salerno. 12
1086 William I collected information for The Domesday Book. 12
1087 William I dies. 12
William II (William Rufus) ascended to the throne of England 2 (p.625)
1088 Odo of Bayeux rebelled unsuccessfully and was banished from England 12
Urban II becomes Pope. 12
1089 Henry IV married the Princess of Kiev, and Pope Urban II took Rome from him. 12
1090 Henry VI campaigns in Italy and defeats Pope Urban II. 12
Chinese build a water driven clock. 12
1100 Henry I ascended to the throne of England on August 5th. 2 (p.625)
1120 Penistone became an independent parish from the larger Silkstone parish by the 1120s at the latest, when the tithes and other dues of Silkstone were granted to the monks of St. John the Evangelist at Pontefract. 22
1135 Stephen ascended to the throne of England on December 25th. 2 (p.625)
1154 Henry II ascended to the throne of England on December 19th. 2 (p.625)
1189 Richard I ascended to the throne of England on September 3rd. 2 (p.625)
1199 John ascended to the throne of England on May 5th. 2 (p.625)
1216 Henry III ascended to the throne of England on October 28th. 2 (p.625)
1232 The first record of the existence of the Penistone church appears. 22
1272 Edward I ascended to the throne of England on November 30th. 2 (p.625)
1307 Edward II ascended to the throne of England on July 8th. 2 (p.625)
1327 Edward III ascended to the throne of England on January 25th. 2 (p.625)
1333
to
1607
Tudor Conquest You need Internet access to get to this site.
1350 World-wide epidemic of Bubonic Plague.
1377 Richard II ascended to the throne of England on June 22nd. 2 (p.625)
1392 The Penistone Grammar School, a boarding school for boys, was founded at the top of Church Hill. 22
1399 Henry IV ascended to the throne of England on September 1st. 2 (p.625)

1400 - 1499

1400 Richard II was murdered at Pontefract Castle. He was the last Plantaganet King of England.
1413 Henry V ascended to the throne of England on March 21st. 2 (p.625)
The first vicar was appointed to the Penistone church. Prior to this, landowners were rectors. 22
1422 Henry VI ascended to the throne of England on September 1st. 2 (p.625)
1461 Edward IV ascended to the throne of England on March 4th. 2 (p.625)
England's bloodiest battle took place at Towton Field during the Wars of the Roses.
1478 The establishment of the Spanish Inquisition allows the Catholic Church in Spain to prosecute converted Jews suspected of Heresy, but is soon expanded to converted Muslims, alleged witches, Protestants and others within Spain for over 300 years. 5 (p.463)
1483 Edward V ascended to the throne of England on April 9th. 2 (p.625)
Richard III ascended to the throne of England on June 26th. 2 (p.625)
1485 At the battle of Bosworth Field, rebel armies under the control of Henry Tudor defeated the forces of Richard III and put Henry on the throne of England as Henry VII on August 22nd. 5 (p.468-470)
1486 Henry VII married Elizabeth of York and this unites the warring Families of Lancaster and York.
A son, Arthur is born this year. 5 (p.468-460)
1491 Henry VII and Elizabeth have a son, Henry. 5 (p.468-470)
1492 Columbus discovers America.
1499 Epidemic of Bubonic Plague in London.

1500-1599

1500 From 1500 to 1800, many civic responsibilities such as highway repair were administered by the Church of England parish, and an ecclesiastical tax was imposed upon landowners to support this. 2
The tower of the Penistone church was erected about this time. 22
15__? Henry VII's son Arthur married Catherine of Aragon, daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. 5 (p.468-470)
1507 Epidemic of "Fever" in London, (lasting until 1550).
1509 Henry VII died, and his son Henry became king on April 22nd as Henry VIII on April 22nd. 5 (p.468-470)
Henry VIII received a dispensation from Pope Julius II permitting his marriage to his brother's widow, Catherine of Aragon. 5 (p.529)
1510 Cardinal Thomas Wolsey joined those counseling Henry VIII. 5 (p.468-470)
Martin Luther visits Rome for the first time.
1515 Cardinal Thomas Wolsey was raised to the post of Lord Chancellor 5 (p.468-470)
1516 England and Wales were united under the same system of government as THe Kingdom of England and Wales. 4.
Sir Thomas Moore published Utopia, which describes a mythical society, and unfavorably compares the current social and economic situation in western Europe, to an ideal structure. 5 (p.494)4
1517 Martin Luther posts his 95 Thesis on the door of the church in Wittenberg, Germany, launching the Protestant Revolution. 5 (p.498)
1519 Magellan sails around the world, discovering and naming the Pacific Ocean and proving that America is separated from Asia. 5 (p.500)
1529 Lord Chancellor Thomas Wolsey was dismissed by Henry VII for failing to get a dispensation from the Pope Clement VII allowing Henry to divorce Catherine, (a marriage that was approved by the previous Pope).
At the time, Pope Clement VII was virtually a prisoner of Catherine's nephew, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. 5 (p.529-531)
1530 Pope Clement VII became free of Charles V's control and forbade Henry VIII to divorce Catherine without his prior approval. 5 (p.529-531)
1532 William Warhan, the archbishop of Canterbury, died and Henry VIII nominated Thomas Cranmer to succeed him. This was approved by Pope Clement VII. 5 (p.529-531)
1533 Thomas Cranmer, the new archbishop of Canterbury, gave Henry VII permission to dissolve his marriage to Catherine and marry Anne Boylen. Pope Clement VII then excommunicated Henry VII, Thomas Cranmer and Anne Boylen. 5 (p.529-531)
1534
  1. Parliament passed an act of succession, declaring the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine to be illegitimate and established the offspring of Henry VIII and Anne Boylen to be the true heirs to the throne.
  2. Parliament passed the Act of Restraint, which denied the Pope all legal jurisdiction in England.
  3. On November 11th, Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy which
    asserted that the king was the "Supreme Head of the Church" in England.
  4. The act also established that, denying the king this power or to calling him a heretic or schismatic was treason punishable by death.
  5. Parliament also passed an Oath of Succession which recognized Henry VIII's marriage to Anne Boylan, and that the king was the "Supreme Head of the Church". This oath could be required of anyone.
5 (p.529-531)
1535 John Wainwright (I) was born about this time.
1536 Parliament passed an act to suppress all religious houses in England with an annual income of less that two hundred pounds.
This affected 160 monasteries and 60 convents and caused sporadic uprisings and revolts by up to 40,000 people. 5 (p.531-534)
1537 200 people involved in the uprisings were put to death. 5 (p.531-534)
1538 Churches began recording baptisms, marriages, and burials in parish registers in England this year, 5
The civil requirement to do this did not begin until 1837.
1540 By this year, nearly 250 larger church institutions were closed, as the monasteries and convents had been four years earlier.
  1. The abolishment of the prominent roll of the clergy in education and government promoted the secularization of the government.
  2. Great monasteries were either left to become ruins or homes of the wealthy.
  3. Help for the poor was drastically reduced since it was previously carried out by the religious institutions.
5 (p.531-534)
1542 The first organ was in the Penistone church. 22
1543 Copernicus publishes his Revolution of the Heavenly Bodies replacing the ancient Greek theory that the solar system revolved around the Earth. 5 (p.538)
1547 Edward VI ascended to the throne of England on January 28th. 2 (p.625)
1551 The population of England and Wales was 3,011,000. 4 (p.14)
Influenza epidemic throughout the UK.
1553 Lady Jane Grey ascended to the throne of England on July 6th. 2 (p.625)
Mary I ascended to the throne of England on July 19th. 2 (p.625)
1554 Philip and Mary ascended to the throne of England on July 25th. 2 (p.625)
1555 Rains brought famine and weakness throughout the UK.
1556 Epidemic of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK, (lasting until 1563).
1558 Elizabeth I, the first daughter of Anne Boylan and Henry VIII, became Queen of England after the death of her half-sister Mary.
Elizabeth ordered several parts of the mass translated to English. 5 (p.554-556)
1559 The Scottish Reformation solidifies the hold of Protestantism on Britain, and establishes the Presbyterian Kirk (church) as the national church of Scotland. 5 (p.522)
1560 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 7 pence 2 (p.35)
1563 The Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England mark the permanent reestablishment, by Elizabeth I, of the Protestant institutions in England. 5 (p.554)
1566 Richard Wainwright (Ia) was baptized on April 18th.
Richard Wainwright (Ib) was baptized on April 28th.
1570 Elizabeth I is excommunicated by Pope Pius V, and this consolidates her position as the leader of European Protestants. 5 (p.558)
Guy Fawkes, a conspirator in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, was born at York.
1578 Epidemic of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1580 The first corn mill was built in Thurlstone.
1582 Because of changes in the calendar, October 4th was followed by October 15th this year.
1586 Epidemic of Bubonic Plague in Chesterfield. All crops failed.
1589 Shakespeare begins writing his plays, (and continues through 1613). 5 (p.581)
It was ordered that church registers be kept on parchment because of the poor quality of paper used previously. It was also ordered that existing records be copied onto parchment, (although this was not always done). 2
1590 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 8 pence 2 (p.35)
1593 Epidemic of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1596 Richard Wainwright was born.

1600-1699

1600 Richard Wainwright was born about this time.
1601 The population of England and Wales was 4,109,000. 4 (p.14)
1603 Elizabeth I died on March 24th with no suitable successors, thus ending the line of members of the Tudor family on the throne of England. The body of advisors to the crown declared James Stuart, who was then king James I of Scotland, to be the king of England 5 (p.595)
James I ascended to the throne of England on March 24th. 2 (p.625)
Epidemic of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1605 Dissatisfaction with the persecution of Catholics in England, several conspirators, made an attempt to kill James I and all the members of Parliament on November 5th, by blowing up Parliament on its opening day. It was abandoned after one of the conspirators revealed the plans, (because his brother-in-law would be among those killed). Since they had succeeded in storing 20 barrels of gunpowder in a cellar under House of Lords, it became known as, The Gunpowder Plot. Guy Fawkes, the conspirator with a military background, was discovered in the cellar the night before, and his name became associated with the event, which is now celebrated annually in Great Britain as Guy Fawkes Day, a day of public thanksgiving, (often with fireworks). 5 (p.598)

William J. Wainwright, before his death in 1993, used to repeat the following verse about this event:
     Remember, Remember, the 5th of November
     Gunpowder, Treason and Plot.
     I see no reason why Gunpowder Treason
     Should ever be forgot.

In response to a question posted to an Internet mailing list, it turns out that this was a nursery rhyme taught to children. One responder wrote:
"In Australia we used to celebrate Guy Fawkes night with fireworks and a half day off school to built the bonfire, on Empire day. The bonfire was topped by a 'guy' ! Roman candles, flowerpots, Catherine wheels etc were usually lit by dad for the littles and the boys let off 3 penny bungers ( or blew up people letterboxes). The bonfire often got out of control and the fire brigade spent the night extinguishing the spreading grass fires adjacent to the scene. When Empire day went, 'Cracker Night' moved to the Queens Birthday holiday, but its never been the same. These days you can only buy 'harmless' fireworks like sparklers and the professionals put on lavish displays that cost an obscene amount of money on various occasions - very pretty but its not the same."

1607 The English settle Jamestown, the first permanent settlement in the America. 5 (p.598)
1611 The King James Version of the Bible is published. 5 (p.605)
1612 Epidemic of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1620 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 10 pence 2 (p.35)
The Pilgrims arrive in North America. 5 (p615_)
1623 Bad harvests throughout the UK.
1624 Bad harvests throughout the UK.
1625 Charles I ascended to the throne of England on March 27th. 2 (p.625)
Outbreak of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1626 John/Johannes Wainwright was born.
1628 Richard Wainwright was born.
The Petition of Right allows Parliament to voice its grievances against Charles I,
beginning the evolution of The Constitutional Monarchy in England. 5 (p.620)
1629 The Puritans began emigrating to America. 4
1630 Bubonic Plague kills many thousands in the UK.
1631 Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
Bubonic Plague continues throughout the UK.
1632 Galileo publishes Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World which leads to widespread of Copernicus' assertions in 1543, that the Earth revolves around the Sun. The theory was condemned by the Roman Catholic Church. 5 (p.627)
1633 Ellen Wainwright was born.
1636 Ann Wainwright was born.
Outbreak of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1637 Descartes published Discourse on Method describing a a relational-mathematical system which influenced philosophers and scientists for the next 150 years. 5 (p.630)
1638 Anthony Wainwright was born.
1640 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 11 pence 2 (p.35)
1641 Protestant settlers are killed in an Ulster, (now Northern Ireland) insurrection. This set off subsequent killings of Catholics in retribution. 5 (p.634)
1642 The English Civil War began, resulting in the establishment of the Commonwealth in 1649. 2
1644 Dorothea Wainwright and Guliulmus Hirst were married.
The battle of Marstom Moore, on July 2nd, marks a decisive defeat of Royalist forces by Cromwell's Parliamentary forces, leading to his victory in the English Civil War in 1649. 5 (p.638)
1645 Gulielsni Wainwright was born and died.
An outbreak of plague killed 1,325 people in Leeds. 1
1646 Vidiea [widow] Wainwright died.
1649 filus [infant son of] Ricardi Wainwright died.
King Charles I was executed, and his son, Charles II became King of England on January 30th. 2 but was immediately deposed,
and The Commonwealth was established on January 30th and lasted until 1660.
Oliver Cromwell abolished both the kingship and Parliament. 5 (p.658-677)
1650 Gulielmus Wainwright, died.
Ricardies Wainwright, died.
Thomas Wainwright, died.
Johannis Wainwright was born about here.
The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 11 pence 2
1651 The population of England and Wales was 5,228,000 and that of the (future United States) colonies was 50,400 4 (p.14)
Thomas Hobbes publishes Leviathan which discusses the most reasonable form of government and the proper relationship between church and state. 5 (p.647)
1652 George Fox organizes the Quakers. 5 (p.652)
1653 Helena Wainwright died.
1654 Outbreak of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1656 Johannis Wainwright was born about this year.
Christiaan Huygens, a Dutch scientist, made the first pendulum clock. 9
1658 Gulielmus Wainwright, died.
Oliver Cromwell died, and The Commonwealth ended two years later. 5 (p.677)
1660 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 11 pence 2
The Commonwealth was ended, and Charles II returned to the throne on May 29th.
1661 Anna Wainwright and Reginaldus Priest were married.
Charles II granted a charter of incorporation to Leeds, and established a system of local government that lasted until 1835. 1
1662 Reginaldi Priest was born and died.
1663 Reginaldus Priest died.
1664 Jennetta Wainwright and Gulielmus Arnold were married.
Thomas Wainwright was born.
1665 Outbreak of Bubonic Plague throughout the UK.
1666 The Great Fire of London destroys vermin that caused recurring plague, but devastates the city. 5 (p.659)
1667 Ellen/Helena Wainwright died.
John Milton publishes Paradise Lost. 5 (p.662-664)
1668 John/Johannes Wainwright was born.
1670 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 11 pence 2
1671 Jeremiah Wainwright was born.
1672 Johannis Wainwright was born.
Ricardi Wainwright was born.
THE Hearth Tax was levied at the rate of two shillings per hearth per year. Those who were too poor to be rated for church and poor rates, or who occupied premises worth less than 20 shillings a year, or who possessed property not worth above £10, were exempt. Also exempt were charitable institutions such as hospitals and alms houses.
1673 Rebecca Wainwright was born.
The Test Act prohibits Catholics and Protestant dissenters from holding any significant role in government or the military by requiring that holders of those positions take communion in The Church of England. 5 (p.666-668)
1674 Sara Wainwright was born.
Abel Wainwright was born.
1675 Around 1675 Huygens developed the balance wheel and spring assembly, still found in some of today's wrist watches 9
1676 Johannis Wainwright was born.
Robert/Robertus Wainwright was born.
1677 Luke/Lucas Wainwright was born.
Martha Wainwright was born.
1678 Carol/Carolus Wainwright was born.
1679 Elizabeth (______) Wainwright (wife of Henrici) died..
Helen (______) Wainwright (future wife of Jeremiah) was born.
1680 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 11 pence 2
1681 King Charles II granted a charter to William Penn for an area of land that later became Pennsylvania.
1682 Cotton Wainwright was born.
1683 Cotton Wainwright died.
1685 James II ascended to the throne of England on February 6th. 2 (p.625)
1687 Sir Isaac Newton formulates the theory of Universal Gravitation. 5 (p.674-676)
1688 George Wainwright was born sometime prior to this time.
James II died(?) on December 12th. 2 (p.625)
The Glorious Revolution begins. 5 (p.676-678)
1689 Maria Wainwright was born.
William and Mary ascended to the throne of England on February 13th. (or 16th?) 2 (p.625)
1690 John Locke publishes Two Treaties of Government 5 (p.683-688_)
1692 The Bullhouse Chapel was built in the Penistone Parish. 22
1694 William III ascended to the throne of England on December 28th. 2 (p.625)
The Bank of England is chartered. 5 (p.685-688)
Leeds established its first municipal water system. 1
1695 A tax was levied a tax on each recorded baptism, marriage or burial.
This was similar to the Stamp Duty Act, which was to come in 1783. 2
1696 Maria (______) Wainwright died.
1698 John Wainwright was born.
Penelope Wilkinson was born.
1699 The Aire and Calder rivers were made navigable, giving Leeds a link to the sea,
and helping it become England's biggest woolen cloth exporter. 1

1700-1799

1700 Helen/Helena Wainwright was born.
The population of Leeds was 11,000. 1
Johan Sebastian Bach begins his compositions for piano and strings. 5 (p.690-692)
1701 The population of England and Wales was 5,057,000 and that of the (future United States) colonies was 250,900 4 (p.14)
The Act of Settlement ensures the Protestant succession to the English throne and increases the power of Parliament. 5 (p.694-696)
1702 Johannis Wainwright was born.
Anne ascended to the throne of England on March 5th. 2 (p.625)
1703 Jeremiah Wainwright was born and died.
1704 Margaret Wainwright was born.
1706 Johannis Wainwright was born.
Anna Wainwright was born.
The tax, which was levied a tax on each recorded baptism, marriage or burial; was repealed. 2
1707 John Wainwright of Bankhouse & Shore Hall was born.
Zachariah Wainwright was born.
Great Britain was formed when the Parliaments of The Kingdom of England and Wales and The Kingdom of Scotland passed the Act of Union 4
1708 George Wainwright was born.
1710 Peter Wainwright was born.
Robert Wainwright was born.
Henrici Wainwright died.
1711 The first White Cloth Hall, (for trading undyed cloth) was built in Kirkgate. 1
1712 Thomas Wainwright was born.
Martha Wainwright died.
1713 James/Jacobus Wainwright was born.
1714 Hanna Wainwright was born.
George I ascended to the throne of England on August 1st. 2 (p.625)
1715 Maria Wainwright was born.
1716 Maria Wainwright was born.
The Penistone Grammar School, a boarding school for boys, founded in 1392 at the top of Church Hill, was rebuilt.. 22
1717 Martha Wainwright was born.
1718 Jeremiah Wainwright was born.
Leeds' first local newspaper was published. 1
1721 Sarah Wainwright was born.
George Graham improved the pendulum clock's accuracy to 1 second a day by compensating for changes in the pendulum's length due to temperature variations. John Harrison, a carpenter and self-taught clock-maker, refined Graham's temperature compensation techniques and added new methods of reducing friction. 9
1722 John Wainwright and Penelope Wilkinson were married.
1723 Jeremy/Jeremiah Wainwright was born.
Beginning of seven years of poor harvests and famine throughout the UK.
1724 John Beever and Hannah Butterworth were married.
Daniel Defoe, who wrote "Robinson Crusoe", visited Leeds while preparing his, "Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain". 1
1727 John Wainwright was born.
George II ascended to the throne of England on June 11th. 2 (p.625)
1728 Martha Wainwright died.
The explorer Captain James Cook, was born.
1729 Margaret Wainwright was born.
Mary (_____) Wainwright was born.
Jeremiah Wainwright was born at about this time.
Susanna Hoyle was born at about this time.
1730 Hannah Beever was born.
1731 Richard Wainwright was born.
Abraham Wood was born.
1732 Zachariah Wainwright was born.
1733 Joseph Priestly, who later discovered oxygen, was born in Birstall, now part of Leeds. 1
1734 Penelope Wainwright was born.
1738 Ann Wainwright was born.
1739 Dick Turpin, the highwayman, was hung At Tyburn in York. He was buried in the city.
1740 The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 12 pence 2 (p.35)
1741 Mary Wainwright was born.
1743 John Wainwright died.
Sarah Wainwright and Nathaniel Taylor were married.
1744 Hannah Gervis was born.
Unnamed son of James Wainwright was born.
1746 Benjamin Beever was born.
Thomas Wainwright was born.
1747 Ann Wainwright was born.
1748 John Wainwright and Lydia Archer were married.
Jeremiah Wainwright and Susanna Hoyle were married.
Margaret Wood was born.
1749 William Wainwright was born.
Richard Wainwright was born.
David Beever was born.
Robert/Robertus Wainwright or Robert Wainwright died.
Jeremiah Wainwright died.
1750 Sarah Wainwright and Joseph Archer were married.
Jeremiah Wainwright died at Age 79.
Penelope Wainwright died at Age 15.
1751 John Wainwright was born.
Joshua Wainwright was born.
The population of England and Wales was 5,772,000 and that of the (future United States) colonies was 1,170,800 4 (p.14)
1752 Benjamin Beever was born.
Jeremiah Wainwright was born.
Prior to 1752, England was using the Julian calendar, where each year officially started on "Lady Day" (March 25th). 2  We see this in the church register pages, where entries are chronological but continue past December and into March before a page with the next year's heading is started. In these cases, There are examples where the previous year is recorded in the IGI on-line transcription of the data.

This was changed by an act of Parliament in 1751 which instituted the use of the Gregorian calendar, that was already used in Scotland and most of Europe. That year started on March 25th as usual, but officially ended on December 31st, making it 3 months shorter than previous or subsequent years. 2

The standard way of recording dates between January 1st and March 24th, for years prior to 1772, is the show both years separated by a slash (i.e. 1770/1).

In addition, the Julian calendar was 11 days behind the Gregorian calendar, so 11 days, (September 3rd through September 13th) were skipped that year. 2
1753 Gilbert Wainwright was born.
Ann Wainwright died.
1754 Jeremiah Wainwright was born.
Richard Wainwright and Ann Moseley were married.
A second newspaper was published in Leeds. 1
1755 Ann Wainwright was born.
James/Jacobus Wainwright died.
The first (gas) streetlights were installed in Leeds. 1
1756 A second White Cloth Hall was built in Leeds for the sale of undyed cloth. 1
1757 Ann Wood was born.
1758 A Colored Cloth Hall, with 1,770 stalls, was built in Leeds. 1
1760 Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
Thomas Wainwright was born.
George III ascended to the throne of England on October 25th. 2 (p.625)
1761 Margaret Wainwright was born.
1762 Mary Wainwright was born.
Richard Wainwright was born.
1763 Benjamin Wainwright was born.
John Wainwright died.
Cloth Hall You need Internet access to get to this site. (Link last checked on 3/19/2004)
is erected in Penistone. Part of it is now Clarke Chemists. 22
1764 Helen (______) Wainwright died at Age 85.
1765 Lydia Wainwright was born.
Sarah Wainwright was born.
James Watt, of Scotland, develops his steam engine permitting the use of efficient steam power for mining and manufacturing and permitting the development of the Industrial Revolution. 5 (p.723-725)
1767 A new General Infirmary was opened in a rented house in Kirkgate, and
The Leeds Library, the oldest surviving private library in England, was established. 1
1768 Ann Wainwright was born.
John Wainwright was born.
Sarah Wainwright died.
The first substantial organ for the Penistone church, was bought at public subscription. 22
1769 Richard Wainwright and Dianah Marsh were married.
1770 Mary Wainwright died.
1771 Joseph Wainwright was born.
1772 Penelope (Wilkinson) Wainwright died.
1773 Zachariah Wainwright 1732-____ and Hannah Gervis 1744-____ were married.
1774 Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
Joseph Hobson was born at about this time.
Elin Wainwright and Crosley Chadick were married.
Elias Marsden and Sarah Brown were married.
1775 Thomas Wainwright was born.
The population of Leeds was 30,490. 1
1776 Richard Wainwright and Sarah Jackson were married..
Ann Wainwright and John Robinson.were married.
The colonies in America declare independence from England. 1
Adam Smith published The Wealth of Nations . 5 (p.736-739)
1777 Penelophe Wainwright was born.
John Wainwright was born.
Richard Robinson was born.
1778 Margaret Wainwright married Benjamin Beever.
Britain establishes a Penal Colony in Australia. 5 (p.741-743)
1779 Joseph Wainwright was born.
Jeremiah Wainwright married Ann Wood.
George Wainwright was born.
Ann Wainwright was born.
Ann Beever was born.
1780 Joseph Wainwright was born.
Ann Hobson was born.
John Wainwright and Elizabeth Marsh were married.
Joseph Wainwright and Hannah Senior were married.
Jeremiah Wainwright died.
An economic depression began and caused people to migrate to other parishes to find work.
Netherfield Chapel, in Penistone, was founded about this time. 22
1781 Thomas Wainwright died.
Sarah Wainwright and Thomas Holroyd were married.
Benjamin Wainwright and Mary Wainwright were married.
John Beever was born.
Benjamin Morton was born.
1782 Ann Wainwright was born.
Mary Wainwright and Thomas Stephenson were married.
John Wainwright of Bankhouse & Shore Hall died.
Lydia Wainwright was born.
1783 Thomas Wainwright of Roughbrichworth died.
Martha Wainwright was born.
The Stamp Duty Act levied a tax on each recorded baptism, marriage or burial. 2
1784 Mary Wainwright was born and died.
Joshua Wainwright was born.
Dinah Beever was born.
Richard Wainwright and Margaret Swinden were married.
Elizabeth Wainwright and John Mitchel were married.
John Beever died.
1785 Elizabeth Stephenson was born.
John Wainwright was born.
At about this time, (late 18th century) half the children born in large towns died before Age 5. In London, half were dying before Age 3. 2
1786 Martha Billcliff was born
Benjamin Beever was born.
Ann Beever died.
Benjamin Wainwright of Royd Moor was born, (baptized on 1/1).
Benjamin Wainwright of Hunshelf Bank was born, (baptized on 8/20).
Joseph Mitchel was born. .
1787 Abraham Beever died.
Ann Beever was born.
MariahSwallow was born.
Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
George Wainwright was born.
Hannah Wainwright was born.
A flax-spinning water wheel was opened at Adel, (North Leeds). 1
1788 Ann Wainwright, was born.
Sara (Jackson) Wainwright died.
The Netherfield Congregational Chapel was built in Thurlstone.
New York became a State in the U.S.
1789 Joseph Beever was born.
John Wainwright died at age 3 years.
Ann Wainwright, died at age 3 months.
Joseph Hobson was born and died.
The Constitution of the United States went into effect as the first Federal Congress met in New York. The lawmakers then adjourned for lack of a quorum.
1791 Penelophe Wainwright died.
Vermont became the 14th state of the United States.
1792 Richard Wainwright was born.
Elizabeth Wainwright,(daughter of Benjamin Wainwright) was born.
Elizabeth Wainwright,(daughter of Jeremiah Wainwright) was born.
Robert Beever was born.
1793 John Wainwright was born.
1794 Ann Wainwright was born.
Charles Hinchliff was born.
Lydia Wainwright was born.
The Stamp Duty Act, which levied a tax on each recorded baptism, marriage or burial, was repealed. 2
1795 Elizabeth Marsh was born.
Hannah Beever was born.
Sarah Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright was born.
1796 William Mitchel was born.
Zachariah Wainwright Hobson was born.
Hannah Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright died.
Matthew Marsden was born..
1797 James Beever was born.
Martha Birkinshaw was born.
Sophia Wainwright was born.
1798 Sarah Beever was born.
Ann Wainwright (daughter of Jeremiah Wainwright and Ann Wood) was born on April 17th.
Ann Wainwright Hobson (daughter of Elizabeth Wainwright and Joseph Hobson) was born on August 6th.
Siegmund Riefler's clock with a nearly free pendulum, which attained an accuracy of a hundredth of a second a day, became the standard in many astronomical observatories 9
1799 Daniel Wainwright was born.

1800-1899

1800 Charles Wainwright was born.
The average daily wage of an agricultural worker in southern England was 13 pence 2 (p.35)
1801 William Wainwright was born.
Martha Wainwright Hobson was born.
Ireland was united with Great Britain to form The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
The population of Leeds, is 83,943.
The population of the Penistone Parish is 3,681 22
It is now the seventh largest town in England with 1,400 merchants and traders. 1
The population of England and Wales was 8,893,000 and that of the United States was 5,308,000 4 (p.14)
1802 Rebecca Smith was born.
Joseph Wainwright was born.
Mary (_____) Wainwright died.
1803 The Louisiana Purchase,
(the U.S. purchases what is now almost all of the west-central part of the United States, from France).
1805 Joseph Wainwright and Elizabeth Bramall were married.
1808 Margaret Wainwright died.
Benjamin Beever and Mariah Swallow were married.
George Beever was born.
1811 "National Schools" were established by the "National Society for the Education of the Poor in the Principles of the Established Church throughout England and Wales", (a voluntary body).
The population of the Penistone Parish is 4.321 22
1812 The Middleton Railway established the world's first steam locomotive on its horse-drawn wagon way in Leeds. It could haul 110 tons at 3 miles per hour. It was invented by Matthew Murray, (a year ahead of George Stephenson, who was credited as being, "the father of the steam locomotive"). 1
1813 Ann Wainwright and Benjamin Brierly were married.
Fanny Wainwright and Thomas Brightland were married.
Martha Brierly was born.
Joseph Beever and Elizabeth Marsh were married.
Joseph Wainwright died.
Abraham Wood died.
Ira Bramall was born.
Richard Wainwright was born.
Jonathan Gaunt was born.
1814 Ann Wainwright and George Plant were married.
Richard Wainwright died.
Sophia Wainwright and Joseph Moorhouse were married.
Ann Moorhouse (1st daughter named Ann, of Sophia Wainwright and Joseph Moorhouse) was born.
Charles Jackson was born.
1815 Sarah Wainwright was born.
Thomas Batty was born.
Josias Brierly was born.
Margaret Wood died.
Mary Wainwright was born.
George Bramall was born.
Lydia Wainwright and John Stanley were married.
Mary Ann Stanley was born.
Elizabeth Wainwright and Joseph Shaw were married.
Hannah Wainwright and Melling Moorhouse were married.
1816 Benjamin Beever died.
Dinah Beever and Benjamin Morton were married.
Mary Brearly was born.
Ann Wainwright and Charles Hinchliff were married.
Joseph Wainwright died.
1817 Ann Beever and William Roe were married.
Elizabeth Moorhouse was born.
James Shaw was born.
Joseph Wainwright Moorhouse was born.
The clock was installed in the tower of the Penistone church. 22
1818 Alfred Brierly was born.
John Wainwright died.
Esther Wainwright and Matthew Marsden were married..
The Leeds Gas Light Company was formed, and used coal gas for street lighting and for lighting in the more prosperous homes. 1
1819 David Hinchliff was born.
Elizabeth Batty was born.
Gilbert Wainwright died.
John Morton was born.
Elizabeth Stanley was born.
John Shaw was born.
William Marsden was born.
Ann Moorhouse (1st daughter named Ann, of Sophia Wainwright and Joseph Moorhouse) died.
The first urban cemetery in England opened and permitted the burial of any person of any religion who could pay the fee. 2
1820 Ann Moorhouse (2nd daughter named Ann, of Sophia Wainwright and Joseph Moorhouse) was born.
John Wainwright died.
George IV ascended to the throne of England on January 29th. 2 (p.625)
Lack of voting rights for the working class was one of the major contributing factors in the West-riding Rebellion this year.
Emily Bronte, who wrote "Wuthering Heights", was born.
1821 Hannah Beever and Uriah Green were married.
Alice Moorhouse was born.
The population of Leeds was 83,943. 1
The population of the Penistone Parish is 5,042 22
1822 Thomas Moorhouse was born.
Mary Ann Wainwright was born.
Sarah Ann Moorhouse was born.
Elizabeth Marsden was born.
Ann Wainwright and John Higginbottom were married.
1823 Jeremiah Wainwright died.
Charles Wainwright married Rebecca Smith.
William Wainwright was born.
Ann Turner was born.
Joseph Wainwright was born and died.
1824 Elizabeth Wainwright died.
Mary Ann Wainwright died.
Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
Melling Moorhouse was born.
1825 Ann Wainwright was born.
1826 George Moorhouse was born.
The first photograph ever taken, was taken this summer by Joseph Nicephore Niepce from his upstairs window in France, It was an 8 hour exposure, and to this day, nobody is exactly sure how it was done.
Click here to see it.

Worldwide Cholera epidemic, (lasting until 1837).
1827 Dinah (Beever) Morton died.
Zacharias Wainwright was born.
Ruth Marsden was born.
1828 Venus Green was born.
1829 Joseph Moorhouse was born.
George Wainwright was born.
Thomas Wainwright was born.
Andrew Jackson was inaugurated as President of the United States.
1830 Mark Green was born.
John Wainwright was born.
William IV ascended to the throne of England on June 26th. 2 (p.625)
1831 Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright was born.
The population of Leeds is 123,548. 1
The population of the Penistone Parish is 5,201 22
1832 Martha Wainwright was born.
Leeds was given its first three Members of Parliament. 1
The Great Reform Act of 1832, gave about 4% of the population the right to vote, but women were absolutely forbidden. Women did not get the vote in U. K. until after WW1.
1833 Joe Wainwright was born.
1834 Benjamin Wainwright was born.
Sarah Wainwright was born.
Sarah Ibberson was born.
The first passenger train came into Leeds from Selby. 1
1835 Ann Moorhouse (2nd daughter named Ann, of Sophia Wainwright and Joseph Moorhouse) died.
Thomas Wainwright died.
The Municipal Reform Act established the first elected local council in Leeds. 1
1836 Mary Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright was born.

The Carlecotes school was built. 22
1837 Mark Wainwright was born.
Sophia Wainwright was born.
Mary Brearly and Benjamin Sayles were married.
Victoria ascended to the throne of England on June 20th. 2 (p.625)
Civil Registration of births, marriages and deaths, in England and Wales, was instituted for the first time on January 1st, although parishes were doing it since 1538. Now, burials were not permitted without the presentation of a death certificate to confirm that civil authorities had been notified. However, until about 1875, up to15% of the births were not recorded because of unfamiliarity with the law, (for example, many thought that baptism in a church would satisfy the reporting requirements). 2
Civil marriages were allowed from the beginning of Civil Registration in 1837.
1838 Ann (Wood) Wainwright died.
John Wainwright died.
1840 Ann Wainwright was born.
Mary Wainwright died.
The first direct train from Leeds to London was established. 1
In the 1840s a Greenwich standard time for all of England, Scotland, and Wales was established, replacing several "local time" systems. The Royal Greenwich Observatory was the focal point for this development because it had played such a key role in marine navigation based upon accurate time keeping. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) subsequently evolved as the official time reference for the world and served that purpose until 1972. 9
1841 Robert Smith was born.
Jane Wainwright was born.
Joseph Wainwright was born.
Anise Wainwright was born.
The census in England was taken this year. 2
The population of the Penistone Parish is 5,907. 22
1844 Hannah Wainwright was born.
1845 George Wainwright died.
The Woodhead Tunnel opened. It was about 13 miles long, 32 people were killed in the construction and an additional 38 died of cholera. 22
1846 The Leeds Cemetery opened, along with others in rural areas. This led to a decline in the use of churchyards for burials. 2
1848 Emily Bronte, who wrote "Wuthering Heights", died at Age 28.
1850 The Penistone Railway opened the line between Penistone and Huddersfield. It included a stone viaduct in Penistone, which consisted of 29 arches. 22
1851 The census was taken on March 30th this year. 2
The population of England and Wales was 17,928,000 and that of the United States was 23,191,876. 4 (p.14)
The population of the Penistone Parish is 6,302. 22
1852 Herbert Henry Asquith, who was Prime Minister from 1908-16, was born.
1853 George Wainwright was born.
1854 John Wainwright and Sarah Ibberson were married.
The Crimean War. 2
1855 Mary Wainwright was born.
Leeds now has 37 flax factories, employing 10,000 people. The woolen industry is still larger, however. 1
Photographs are rare prior to this time, but became common by about 1870. 2 (p.164)
Civil registration of births, marriages and burials began in Scotland on January 1st.
1856 The Singer Sewing Machine was invented and patented in America.
In Leeds, the "Band Knife", to cut several layers of cloth at once, was invented. 1
1857 Elizabeth Wainwright was born.
World-wide Influenza epidemic.
1858 Richard Wainwright was born.
The Gas Works opened in Penistone. 22
1860 Smith Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright was born.
Until the 1860s most cities relied upon their own local "sun" time, but this time changed by approximately one minute for every 12 1/ 2 miles traveled east or west. The problem of keeping track of over 300 local times was overcome by establishing railroad time zones. Until 1883 most railway companies relied on some 100 different, but consistent, time zones. 9
In April, the "Pony Express" was initiated in the US. It ran from St. Joseph,Missouri to San Francisco, California and lasted a year and a half.
The Penistone Poor Law Union Workhouse (Chapelfield) was completed. 22
1861 Mary Ann Wainwright was born.
The census was taken in on April 7th this year. 2
Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as President of the United States.
The population of the Penistone Parish is 7,149. 22
The Yorkshire Steel and Iron Works opened in Penistone and remained until 1930. 22
1862 Thomas Wainwright was born.
William Banks was born.
John Wainwright was born.
1863 Benjamin Wainwright (son of William Wainwright and Harriet) was born.
Ben Wainwright (son of George Wainwright and Ann) was born.
Ann Wainwright married William Dyson.
Draft riots in New York City.
1864 Martha Ann Dyson was born.
Zaccheus Smith was born.
Laura Wainwright was born.
Walter Henry Wainwright was born and died.
Civil registration of births, marriages and burials began in Ireland. on January 1st.

The "Sheffield Flood" of 1864, was the result of the bursting of the Bradfield Reservoir, in which 258 lives were lost and about £500,000 worth of damage sustained. 21
1865 Benjamin Wainwright (son of William Wainwright and Harriet) died.
Clara Wainwright was born.
President Abraham Lincoln assassinated.
1866 Fred Wainwright was born and died.
John Wainwright died.
Walter Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright died.
1867 Elizabeth Casey was born.
Mary Elizabeth Smith was born.
Rebecca (Smith) Wainwright died.
1868 Martha (Birkinshaw) Wainwright died.
Ann Wainwright married Thomas Wagstaff.
1869 Eliza Smith was born.
Martha Wainwright was born.
William Wainwright died.
The existing hospital in Leeds was opened for patients. 1
Gas lights were installed in the streets of Penistone. 22
1870 Matilda Wagstaff was born.
Photographs become more commonplace from this point on. 2 (p.164)
1871 Fretwell Smith was born.
Albert Wainwright was born.
The census was taken on April 2nd this year. 2
The population of the Penistone Parish is 8,110. 22
1872 Louisa Wainwright was born.
Secret ballots were started in England this year. Prior to this, the choices of people who had the right to vote, were part of the public record. .
1874 Deaths of stillborn children had to be reported from this point on. 2
The Penistone New Railway Station was opened on February 1, 1874. 6 (p.85)
1875 Zachariah Wainwright was born.
1876 Alexander Graham Bell received his first patent for the telephone. .
1877 William Smith was born.
1878 Charles Wainwright died.
Squire Wagstaff was born.
1879 Lawrence Smith was born.
The Millhouse Boarding School was opened. 22
1880 Water was first supplied in Penistone from the Waterworks at Hornthwaite on April 22, 1880 6 (p.85)
The Stoltercliffe Cemetery replaced the Penistone churchyard as the parish burial ground. 22
1881 May immigrants, fleeing persecution in Russia, pass through Leeds on their way to transatlantic steamers in Liverpool.
When changing trains in Leeds, 20,000 went no further. 1
The streets of Penistone were named and numbered. 22
The census was taken on April 3rd this year. 2
The population of the Penistone Parish is 9,094. 22
1882 Electric street lighting began in Leeds. 1
1883 The first steam-driven tramways were established in Leeds. 1
1884 Doris Banks was born.
Cremation became legal in England.
1887 John Wainwright died.
1888 Louis Le Prince took the first moving pictures in the world with a single lens camera on Leeds Bridge. 1
1889 Ann Wainwright died.
As population increased, many towns developed within what were originally rural parishes, and this year the township or village was legally recognized as the lowest level of local government. 2
Construction of the Eiffel Tower, in Paris, was completed this year.
1890 Ann Turner died.
Evelyn Banks was born.
1891 The first electric tramways were established in Leeds. 1
The census was taken on April 5th this year. 2
The population of the Penistone Parish is 9,482. 22
1892 Smith Wainwright died.
William Wainwright was born and died.
1893 The Penistone Grammar School was moved to Weirfield, while the building was rebuilt. It was completed in 1911. 22
1894 Penistone parish covered 22,773 acres and was divided into 8 townships:
Gunthwaite        (952 acres)
Langsett          (4,913 acres)
Denby            (2,864 acres)
Hunshelf         (2,465 acres)
Ingbirchworth (1,105 acres)
Penistone         (1,134 acres)
Thurlstone       (8,116 acres)
Oxspring and Roughbirchworth being merged into Oxspring township (1,202 acres)
The latter 6 of these were recorded as small manors in the Domesday Book (1086)
22
1895 Thomas Wainwright died.
Sarah Ibberson died.
1898 A true free-pendulum principle was introduced by R. J. Rudd, stimulating development of several free-pendulum clocks. 9
Marie Curie discovered radium.
Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, and Staten Island consolidate into New York City.
Large numbers of people begin to emigrate to New York City.
1899 The film actor, Charles Laughton, was born.

1900 - 1999

1900 Edward Banks was born.
William Joseph Wainwright was born.
1901 Edward III ascended to the throne of England.
The last of the horse-drawn tramways was withdrawn from Leeds.
The population of Leeds is 428,968. 1
The population of the Penistone Parish is 11,160. 22
The population of England and Wales was 35,528,000 and that of the United States was 76,212,168 4 (p.14)
1902 William Wainwright died.
1903 Selena Nesbitt was born.
Paul Sylvester Wainwright was born.
Amy Johnson, the aviator and in 1930 first woman to fly solo from England to Australia, was born in Hull (then in Yorkshire).
1906 The Penistone Sewage Works opened. 22
The St.Saviours Parish Church, in Thurlstone, was completed. 22
1907 Girls were admitted to The Penistone Grammar School. 22
The Penistone and Thurlstone Golf Club was opened. It is now covered by a reservoir. 22
1909 Elizabeth (Casey) Wainwright died.
Gertrude Ryan was born.
1910 George V ascended to the throne of England. 2 (p.625)
1911 Herman Hollerith's Tabulating Machine Company merged with two other companies to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, which in 1924 was renamed to International Business Machines (IBM).
The rebuilding of the Penistone Grammar School was completed. 22
1912 Edward Banks died.
1913 The Carnegie Free Library, on Shrewsbury Road in Penistone, was built.. 22
1914 The beginning of World War I. 1
The Town Hall, on Shrewsbury Road in Penistone, was built.. 22
1915 The Thurlstone and Millhouse Methodist Church was built.. 22
1916 Harold Wilson, twice Prime Minister in 1964-70 and 1974-76, was born at Cowlersley in Huddersfield.
The 2nd and 3rd arches of the Penistone Viaduct collapsed. 22
1918 Swine Flu Epidemic kills 25 million people worldwide in less than a year. 1
1920 William Wainwright died.
1921 Selena Nesbitt arrived at Ellis Island, NY on The Columbia.
Most of Ireland separated from The United Kingdom to form The Republic of Ireland, and
the name of The United Kingdom became The United Kingdom of England and Northern Ireland. 4
The Shortt clock almost immediately replaced Riefler's clock as a supreme timekeeper in many observatories. This clock consists of two pendulums, one a slave and the other a master. The slave pendulum gives the master pendulum the gentle pushes needed to maintain its motion, and also drives the clock's hands. This allows the master pendulum to remain free from mechanical tasks that would disturb its regularity. 9
1922 Work on the Scout Dyke reservoir was started.. 22
1924 The Penistone War Memorial was unveiled. 22
1925 Britain's submarine "M1" disappears. It was the first, and only submarine with a cannon, that had a 20 mile range, mounted on its deck. The wreck was not located until 1999, when the cause of its sinking was determined to be a collision with a merchant ship as the submarine was surfacing. Apparently the collision dislodged the cannon, which caused flooding of much of the submarine. Since it was in the process of surfacing, no further water could be forced out of the ballast tanks to allow it to surface.
1928 Britain's first set of traffic lights were installed in Leeds. 1
1930 The Shortt clock was replaced as the standard by quartz crystal clocks in the 1930s and 1940s,improving time keeping performance far beyond that of pendulum and balance-wheel escapements. 9
1931 The first airport in Leeds was opened. 1
1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as President of the United States, pledging to lead the country out of the depression.
1934 A firm, called John Waddington, in Leeds, bought the rights to the new American game called Monopoly, and changed the place names to London names. It eventually sold 15 million sets in Britain alone. 1
1936 Edward VIII ascended to the throne of England, then abdicated.
George VI ascended to the throne of England. 2 (p.625)
Construction of the Park Avenue housing estate was begun. 22
1938 William Banks died.
The first public housing project opened in Leeds. 1
1940 The first World War II raids by the Luftwaffe on Leeds. 1
1942 Elizabeth (Wainwright) Banks died.
1945 VE Day, (World War II Victory in Europe). 1
1946 The world's first large scale general purpose computer, (named the ENIAC) was activated at the University of Pennsylvania.
1947 Beginning of two year Smallpox epidemic in the UK.
The transistor in invented at Bell Telephone Labs.
1950 World-wide Polio epidemic.
1951 The population of England and Wales was 43,758,000 and that of the United States was 151,325,798. 4 (p.14)
The first commercially available electronic computer, (named the UNIVAC) is delivered.
The Peak District National Park became Britain's first National Park.
1952 Elizabeth II ascended to the throne of England. 2 (p.625)
The North York Moors National Park was designated a National Park.
1954 The Yorkshire Dales National Park was designated a National Park.
1957 The first artificial Earth satellite, (named Sputnik) is launched by The Soviet Union.
1958 The integrated circuit is invented.
1961 The first human to fly into space, Yuri Gargarin, is launched by The Soviet Union..
1963 The first computer mouse is developed by Douglas Engelbart.
1969 The first human walks on the Moon.
ARPAnet, the precursor of the Internet, is established by the U.S. Dept. of Defense.
1971 The first pocket calculator for "the masses" (the Bowmar Brain) is introduced.
The first microprocessor, (the Intel 4004) is built.
1972 The first pocket scientific calculator, (the HP-35) is introduced by Hewlett-Packard.
The first e-mail message is sent by Rot Tomlinson, a computer engineer at Bolt,Beranek and Newman.
The first LED digital wristwatch is released for sale by the Hamilton Watch Company..
1974 Although the major subdivisions of England are counties, the word "County" is not used in the name of any of them.
Many counties had the same name as a major city within its boundaries, (York is an example of this).
In 1974, the British government renamed the counties by adding the suffix, "shire" to them, (pronounced "shur"). Thus, the county of York became Yorkshire.
Some boundaries were re-arranged, and some internal boundaries, that marked sub-divisions of a county, were dropped, (much to the displeasure of some genealogists in the UK).
Yorkshire is an example, where the county was subdivided into three parts, (the North Riding, the East Riding, and the West Riding). Although these boundaries no longer officially exist, they are still referred to genealogists because the old records use them.
The term "Riding" is actually a contraction of the Norse word "Thriding", meaning to split into three parts.
Penistone and Thurlstone, the home of many of our ancestors is in the West Riding.

Gary Kindall develops CP/M, the first operating system for microcomputers.
Intel introduces the 8080 computer processor.
1975 Bill Gates and Paul Allen founded MicroSoft.
1976 Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak form Apple Computer.
The first VHS videocassette recorder is introduced by JVC..
1977 On August 16, Elvis Presley died. 14
The Commodore PET 2001 is introduced with 4K of RAM and a 9 inch monitor.
Radio Shack introduces the TRS-80, with 16K of RAM and a 16 inch monitor.
Hayes Microcomputer is formed and introduces the first computer modem.
1979 WordStar, the first word processing program for the CP/M operating system, is introduced.
VisiValc, the first spreadsheet program for personal computers, is introduced by Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston.
Sony introduces the Walkman.
1980 Tim Berners-Lee writes a small hyperlinking program, (called "Enquire Within About Everything") which eventually evolves into the World Wide Web.
1981 Evelyn Banks died.
IBM introduces the IBM PC with 16K of RAM, a 160K floppy drive, and an 11.5 inch black and white monitor
1985 Doris Banks died.
1991 The population of England and Wales was 48,968,000 and that of the United States was 284,709,873. 4 (p.14)
The population of Penistone was 9,537.
1992 Selena (Nesbitt) Wainwright died.
1993 William Joseph Wainwright died.
1995 Paul Sylvester Wainwright died.
1997 Gertrude (Ryan) Wainwright died.

2000 and later

2000 The Wainwrights of Penistone Parish web site was established.
2001 Terrorists demolish two World Trade Center buildings in New York City by flying two hijacked airliners into them.
A third hijacked airliner is flown into the Pentagon building in Washington, DC
A fourth hijacked airliner crashes in Pennsylvania, after the passengers resist the terrorists.
2003 Internet Broadband became available in Penistone. 23