pat_mtdna_gm

S&SMFB - FAMILY HISTORY BASED ON GENETIC DATA

II-4, Study of My Fathers mtDNA being used in two studies:

1st ongoing study is to identify by name and location my paternal grandmother Luella May Wood mtDNA family lineage within the surname era.
The mtDNA of Luella at  HV-1 is 16298C. Vincent Macaulay designates HV-1 298 as Haplogroup V, 73 status as A and the Coding-region mutations as -4577NlaIII; +11718HaeIII; -14766MceI.

Her mtDNA HV-2 is 0072C, 00263G, 00309.1C, 00309.2C, 00315.1C

The National Geographic Society - Genographic Project, has identified Coding-Region SNP V4580, located at ND4 of the mtDNA diagram. The HV-1 motif data along with coding-region SNP, 4580 determines the Major Haplogroup V.

Everyone in Haplogroup V designated by the single HV-1 mutation 16298C, also carry HV-2 mutations, 0072C, 00263G, 00309.1C and 00315.1C. HV-2 mutation 00309.2C shows up in a limited amount of cases. When browsing through genetic papers I shorten what I am looking for to V-298, 309.2.

Ancestral Haplogroup V Lineage  During the Surname Era:

1st Generation, Luella May WOOD (WOODS) b 17 Jan 1878, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, d 5 Feb, 1953, Lynn, Essex Co., MA, m  21 Jan 1903, Boston, Suffolk Co., MA, Lotan Nathaniel Staples, b 19 Jul 1965, Lynn, MA, d 19 July 1965, Lynn, Essex Co., MA. Children 4, 2M, 2F.

2nd Gen. Hannah Elizabeth CARTER, b 11 July 1857, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, d 18 Aug 1939, Lynn MA, m 16 Dec 1876, Scituate, MA, Walter Fessenden Wood, b 12 Apr 1853, Cohasset (Beachwood), Norfolk Co., MA, d 15 Mar 1947, Lynn, MA. Children 6, 3M, 3F.

3rd Gen. Lucinda BEAL (BEALE), b 19 May 1838, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, d 29 Jan1907, No. Scituate, Plymouth Co., MA, m 18 May 1856 (int May 9, 1856, Liberty, Waldo Co., ME), James Davis Carter, b 14 Mar, 1834, Liberty, Waldo Co., ME, d 04 Feb 1916, No. Scituate, Norfolk Co., MA. Children 9, 1M, 8F.

4th Gen. Hannah Leavitt BURBANK, b 10 Oct 1813, Cohasset, Norfolk Co., MA, d 06 May 1891, Hingham or Cohasset, MA, m 14 Aug 1831, Cohasset, Norfolk Co., MA, Daniel Beal (Beale), b 05 Nov 1806, d 18 Sept 1880, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA. Children 5, 3M, 2F.

5th Gen. Sarah BATTLES, b 1769, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, d 25 Mar 1827, m 07 Feb 1789, Timothy Burbank, b 26 Feb 1769 (bt July 9 1769, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA), d 04 Sept 1848, Hingham, MA. Children 11, 5M, 6F.
Note: Timothy Burbank was the son of John Burbank, b 14 May 1749, and Hannah Leavitt of Hingham, MA.

6th Gen. Deborah BURBANK, b 23 Dec 1743, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, m Ephraim Battles, b 09 Jun 1789.
Note: Deborah BURBANK was the sister of John Burbank, b 14 May 1749. Children 4, 1M, 3F.

7th Gen. Elizabeth TOWER, b 11 Jun 1705, d 30 Sept 1791, Hingham., Plymouth Co., Ma, m 28 Jun 1727, John Burbank b 19 Jan 1704/05 of Boston, Suffolk Co., and Rowley, Essex Co., MA, d Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA. Children 13, 3M, 10F.

8th Gen. Elizabeth WHITON, b 31 Mar 1684, m Hezekiah Tower, bt 02 Oct 1681, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA. Children 5, 1M 4F.

9th Gen. Debora PITTS, bt 06 Nov 1651, Hingham Plymouth Co., MA, d 19 Sept 1729 Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, m 2nd, 27 Dec 1677, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, Matthew Whiton, bt 30 Oct 1653, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, d 22 Jul 1725, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA. Children 8, 4M, 4F.

10th Gen. ANN (Mrs. PITTS), b probably in the area of Hingham - Hackford, Norfolk Co., England. d 30 Nov 1686, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA, m in England , Edmond PITTS, weaver, b ~ 1613, Hackford, Norfolk Co., England, d 13 May 1685, Hingham, Plymouth Co., MA. Children9, 3M, 6F.

ANN, emigrated with her husband, Edmond Pitts, weaver, and dau Mary born in England, probably Hingham, Norfolk Co., England, d 15 Jun 1641, Hingham Plymouth  Co., MA.

Genealogical information on the above families can be found in the book "The History of the Town of Hingham, Massachusetts, The Genealogies, by George Lincoln, New England Press, as well as at the Town Hall's and Historical Societies in Hingham, Cohasset and Scituate, MA.  George Lincoln Genealogies gives the following information on Edmond  Pitts.
Edmond had a grant of land in Hing. 1637; although, according to reliable authority he did not become a resident here until 1639. Cushing's MS., under the last mentioned date, says: "Edmond Pitts and his wife and child, and his brother Leonard Pitts and Adam Foulsham, came from Old Hingham and settled in New Hingham (5)." His w., whose chris. name was Ann d in Hing. 30 Nov 1686. He d 13 May 1685. Will dated 20 Apr 1685, proved 26 May foll. "Weaver." Freeman 13 May 1640; selectman 1668, 1672, 1677, 1680, and 1681; was many yrs. sexton of the church, and kn. in his advanced life as "Goodman Pitts." Resided on Town (North) St., nearly opp. Thaxter's Bridge.

Note; This mtDNA direct lineage from the birth of Mrs. Ann Pitts about 1613 to Luella May Wood's last born in 1914, 10 generations or about 300 years produced 75 known children consisting of 48 mtDNA female lines and 27 males in the same general area, Hingham, Cohasset and North Scituate, Massachusetts.
 
Researching the maiden name of Ann Pitts and searching for any remaining relatives living in England.

2nd ongoing study is to answer three questions about the ancient ancestors of Luella -
1) Who were they? 2) When did they live? 3) Where did the migrate to and what cultural changes took place?

VELDA:
Velda (mtDNA Haplogroup V) listed in the "The Seven Daughters of Eve", by Professor Bryan Sykes of Oxford Univesity, England,p 234-242. About 17,000 years ago Velda, the fourth of the seven daughters of Eve was born, At this time all life in Europe, animal and human was located in the Ukraine, southern France, Italy and the Iberian (Spain & Portugal) Peninsula. Velda lived and died in the mountains of Cantabrica, a few miles behind what is now the port of Santander, west of  the Pyrenees in northern Spain. Today about 5 percent of native Europeans belong to the Clan of Velda; they are more frequent in western Europe than in the east. Over time they have traveled north to the top of Scandinavia, where they are found among present-day Sammi of Finland and Northern Norway.

Tracking  my Fathers Ancestral mtDNA Haplogroup Lineage L1/L0 > L2 > L3 > N > R > pre-HV > HV > V-298:
Information for this study is taken from the book by Dr Spencer Wells, Director of the Genographic Project, "Deep Ancestry, inside the Genographic Project" (2006). The mtDNA Haplogroups inferred from the panel of 22 Coding-Region (cr) SNP's used by the Genographic Project are listed at PLoS Genetics, June 2007, Doron M. Behar et al "The Genographic Project Public Participation Mitochondrial DNA Database", Figure 4.

Haplogroups L1/ L0 > L2, cr SNP 2758:
Haplogroup L1 coexisted with L0 which likely originated in East Africa around 100,000 years ago. Both L1 & L0 only recently have made their way out of Africa. L2 individuals arose about 70,000 years ago from a single female ancestor and first emerged in western and west-central Africa, they have the most widespread mtDNA in Africa.

Haplogroup L3, cr SNP 3594:
The most common ancestor of haplogroup L3 is a woman who lived around 80,000 years ago. They are the first morden humans to have left Africa. Descendants of of these people currently make up about 10 percent of the Middle Eastern population.

Haplogroup N, cr SNP 10873:
Haplogroup N descended from L3 and also left the African Continent as the second wave of modern human migration, across the Sinai Peninsula. Because almost all the mtDNA lineages found in the Near East and Europe descend from N it is considered a western Eurasian haplogroup.

Haplogroup R, cr SNP 12705: 
The R clan descends from a woman in the western Eurasian haplogroup N. Some of clan R members moved north across the Caucasus Mountains, their lineages being carried into Europe, about 35,000 years ago, for the first time by the Cro-Magnon. today descendants of haplogroup R dominate the European mtDNA genetic landscape to more than 70 percent of the lineages found there.

Note: From 100,000 years ago to about 50,000 years ago, both my mothers clan and my paternal grandmothers clan was the same. My mothers R clan branched off  to form haplogroupor clan U. My maternal grandmothers R clan branched off to form haplogroup or clan pre-HV.

Haplogroup pre-HV aka RO, cr SNP 11719:
Descendants of haplogroup pre-HV can be found all around the Red Sea and throughout the Near East. These descendants live in high frequencies in the Anatolian / Caucasus region and Iran. Some members of pre-HV moved north across the Caucasus Mountains and West across Anatolia, their lineages being carried into Europe by the Cro-Magnon. Over the course of several thousand years, descendants of pre-HV began to split off and form their own groups. Of prime importance is a haplogroup called HV.

Haplogroup HV, 14766:
Haplogroup HV, gave rise to the two most prevalent female lineages found in western Europe, H (for Dr Bryan Sykes Helina) and V (for Dr Bryan Sykes Velda). While all these lineages existed around 20,000 years ago, they did not dominate the female genetic landscape until after the Ice Age about 12,000 years ago when people started moving north again. Around 30,000 years ago, some members of HV moved north across the Caucasus Mountains and west across Turkey to carry their lineages into Europe. Today haplogroups H and V dominate the western European mtDNA landscape, making up almost 75 percent of all European Lineages.

Haplogroup V-298, cr SNP 4580: Birth estimated at about 15,000 years.
Today, haplogroup V tends to be restricted to western, central, and northern Europe. It's age is estimated at about 15,000 years old, indicating that it likely was born during the 5,000 years or so that humans were confined to the European refugia during the last Ice Age. It is found in around 12 percent of Basques in northern Spain and around 5 percent in many other western European populations. Haplogroup V attains it's highest frequency in the Skolt Saami of northern Scandinavia, a group of hunter-gatherers who follow the reindeer herds seasonally from Siberia to Scandinavia and back. While V makes up about half the mtDNA lineages in the Saami, it's genetic diversity is considerably reduced compared to that observed in western Europe, and was likely introduced into the Saami within the past several thousand years.

COMMENT:
To date my fathers 100 year old mtDNA (taken eight months before his 100th birthday.) pedigree is the only DNA lineage in our family history that we have been able to trace back to its origin during the surname era for common people in England using DNA. 

16 June 2008

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