(?) Man Bear¹ (M)
(1847 - ), #35781

     The nationality of (?) Man Bear was Cheyenne.¹ (?) Man Bear was born in 1847.¹ He married (?) White Woman circa 1878.¹ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on July 1, 1890.¹

(?) Man Boy^1,2 (M)
(1875 - ), #35566
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     The nationality of (?) Man Boy was Cheyenne.¹ (?) Man Boy was born in 1875.^1,2 He was the son of (?) Buffalo Road.^1,2 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Buffalo Road on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Buffalo Road on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.²

(?) Man Eagle¹ (M)
(1871 - ), #38066
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     Also known as (?) Wanbli Wicasa.¹ The nationality of (?) Man Eagle was Kuhinya Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Man Eagle was born in 1871.¹ He was the son of Unknown Running Horse.¹ He was listed as "brother" and residing in the home of Troy Running Horse on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Man Fighting Bear¹ (M)
(1875 - ), #43839
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     Also known as Max Fighting Bear.² Also known as (?) Mato Winkiya.^1,2 The nationality of (?) Man Fighting Bear was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2 (?) Man Fighting Bear was born in 1875.^1,2 He was the son of (?) Singing Bear and (?) Sleeps Late.^1,2 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Singing Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Singing Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 25, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.²

(?) Man that walks under the ground (M)
(circa 1840 - ), #32220

     The nationality of (?) Man that walks under the ground was Oglala Lakota. (?) Man that walks under the ground was born circa 1840; MAH-KAH-MAH-HA-MAK-NEAR. He witnessed the meeting of Chief (?) Dull Knife; The Treaty of Fort Laramie was an agreement between the United States and the Lakota nation, signed in 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was to be henceforth closed to all whites. The treaty ended Red Cloud's War. The treaty included articles intended to "insure the civilisation" of the Lakota; financial incentives for them to farm land and become competitive - and stipulations that minors should be provided with an "English education" at a "mission building". To this end the US government included in the treaty that white teachers, blacksmiths and a farmer, a miller, a carpenter, an engineer and a government agent should take up residence within the reservation. Repeated violations of the otherwise exclusive rights to the land by gold prospectors led to the Black Hills War.

Fort Laramie Treaty, 1868 (Full-Text) http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/four/ftlaram.htm.^1,2,3

Arthur Mandan^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} (M)
(1882 - March, 1955), #7541
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     The nationality of Arthur Mandan was Mandan; 4/4. He was membership at Prairie Chicken Clan.⁷ He was election; Arthur served on the first tribal council as chairman from September 1936 to August 1938i for the newly organized Indian Reorganization governments of the Three Affiliated Tribes with Ben Good Bird as vice-chairman, Peter H. Beauchamp as secretary, and George W. Grinnell as treasurer.ii As chairman he worked on the return of the sacred Water-buster bundles that were sold to the Heye Museum in New York for save keeping. In later years Arthur and others sought the return of these sacred items back to their people. The Heye foundation agreed to let them replace them with the “sacred buffalo medicine horn that eighty-forty-year-old Foolish Bear had received from his father, Sitting Bird”.iii Arthur traveled to New York for an informal ceremony in January of 1938 to bring the sacred objects home.1 During this vist he met with President Roosevelt and there is a well-published photograph that lays testimony to this event. It was during this time Arthur was active in the raising funds for the new Independence Chapel in 1910. He was an accomplished musician and played at the dedication of the chapel. He also served as a tribal court judge for some time.

"For the next several years the Indians and the museum wrangled over the fate of the bundle. The BIA acting as intermediary and trying to effect a compromise. The museum's board of trustees took the position that they had no authority to surrender specimens in the collection, and Heye himself thought the bundle safer in his museum than it would be with the Indians. In an effort to get at the facts concerning its purchase by Wilson, Superintendent Beyer conducted an investigation and concluded that, though there was justice on both sides, there was no longer any legal basis for demanding that the bundle be returned. The Waterbusters continued their campaign to get it back, however. They refused to consider a proposal that a photograph of the bundle be turned over to them in place of the real thing, and the museum rejected a suggestion that they return the skulls that were the principle feature of the bundle if plaster casts were made of them.[53]
     By 1937, when a delegation from the tribes visited Washington and brought the matter up personally with Bureau officials, John Herrick, assistant to the commissioner, and several other BIA people had accepted the Indians' contention and were openly backing them, even to the extent of considering the possible effects that unfavorable publicity might have on the Heye Foundation. Heye himself became more cooperative that summer and agreed to bring the issue before the board again. When he suggested that perhaps they would respond more favorably if some kind of exchange could be effected with the Indians. Superintendent Beyer dredge up a sacred buffalo medicine horn that eighty-forty-year-old Foolish Bear had received from his father, Sitting Bird, who had in turn inherited it from his father, Dull. The board was duly impressed with the object, which Beyer said was the clan's most valuable possession that they were willing to part with, and accepted it sight unseen, insisting only on the stipulation that the bundle revert to the museum if it ever left the clan. The Indians agreed to these terms at the next meeting of the Waterbusters, who recorded the decision in their minutes for December 21, 1937.[54]
     The story does not quite end there, however, for the exchange still had to be consummated. For this ceremony, Drags Wolf, Foolish Bear, and Arthur Mandan were invited to New York in January of the next year, with a visit to Washington on the way. Although Heye rather nervously expressed his hope that the ceremony would be kept dignified and that the BIA would not "circus" it, Herrick and his cohorts came perilously near doing just that. As Herrick wrote to Presidential Secretary Stephen Early, "The story is a natural and, of course, we shall play it…
[Meyer, Roy Willard, The village Indians of the upper Missouri : the Mandans, Hidatsas, and Arikaras. Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press,c1977. pg. 207]

Arthur Mandan performed at the dedication of the Independence Chapel in 1910:
"We Indians raised altogether about one thousand dollars for our church house. "When we dedicated it, Arthur Mandan played the clarinet and a young white woman sang for us. Mr. Gilbert Wilson preached the sermon, and his brother played the organ. Dr. [Robert] Lowie was present and gave five dollars. We asked the people to subscribe on the debt, and raised eighty-one dollars, and all this money was paid in"(Wilson 1913a:122-25) [Gilman, Carolyn. The way to Independence: memories of a Hidatsa Indians family: 1840-1920. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1987., pg. 282].^9,8 Arthur was born at Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, USA, in 1882.^3,4,2,1 He was the son of Howard Mandan Sr. and (?) Calf Woman. He was a student at Carlisle Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania, USA, after 1892. School: In his youth he attended Carlisle Institute and excelled in music. He returned to Fort Berthold Reservation in 1908.
He would later teach band at Independence. http://members.aol.com/tawodi/carlisle/page5.htm.⁹ Arthur Mandan was allotted land circa 1900 at Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, USA; His allotment & Annuity numbers were AL-864a 1566. Another source says A 504.^2,10 He married Anna Young Bird circa 1913. Arthur Mandan was membership circa 1920 at Catholic Mission, Elbowwoods, North Dakota, USA.¹¹; From Kardong’s, Catholic life at Fort Berthold we find that around 1920 at the Catholic Mission in Elbowwoods the following excerpt:
“At Elbowwods, they were very fortunate to have two fine musicians in Fr. Peter Fehrenbach and Sr. Evangelista Ruffner. The later played the organ, while the former directed a choir composed of Bill Deane, Justin Spotted Bear, Carl Whitman, Joe Pakineau, Jerome Good Bear and Art Mandan.”^{ii Kardong, Terrence, Catholic life at Fort Berthold, 1889-1989 : S.l : s.n., 1989, pg. 51.}

From this same book the Kardong poses the question:
“Who were some of the more prominent Catholic parishioners at Fort Berthold during these years? To judge from out random written sources, Arthur Mandan was certainly one of them. He was often used as an interpreter of sermons and talks into Hidatsa and Mandan, since he spoke both languages, plus English, fluently. He was also a witty writer, to judge from the following article he wrote for the Indian Sentinel:

From the viewpoint of the Indians as to the white man’s religion, they think that they are going to give St. Peter lots of extra work up in heaven separating the different denominations and placing them at the different wards of the Holy City. On the grounds that they can’t agree on one doctrine and can’t speak on the same platform here on earth, and that they are always condemning each other’s religion, they all preach and say that Christ wants them to love each other as themselves. But when it comes to knocking the other church, they go to the limit. So the Indians have adopted the preaching of friendship and eliminated the “knocking each other concern.’ So you find the Indians of this reservation are always ready to help the other fellows out according to their means.^{iii Kardong, Terrence, Catholic life at Fort Berthold, 1889-1989 : S.l : s.n., 1989, pg. 52.},i”



‘Gros Ventres, Arikaras and Mandan
at Armstrong, ND’

At our local Indian Congress at Armstrong, ND, July 19,20, and 21, the Hidatsa or Gros Ventres, Arikara and Mandan tribes were well-represented. The Arikara were the hosts, as the Congress took place in their camp. The sermon of Rev. Julius Loknikar, O.S.B., of Garrison, ND, on the Sacraments of the Church will remain long in the memory of the Indians. Fr. Julius was well interpreted by Arthur Mandan into Hidatsa and Mr. Floyd Bear into Arikara. Both are good interpreters and able catechists. The officers of the tres; Sam Newman, secty. The success of the Congress was to a great extent due to their untiring efforts. Practically all the Catholic Indians went to family, gathered at the table of the Lord. The Indians love Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament, which is one of the great consolations in the life of their missionaries.^{iiii Kardong, Terrence, Catholic life at Fort Berthold, 1889-1989 : S.l : s.n., 1989, pg. 66.},ii
He was employed in 1930 at Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, USA. He narrowly lost a bid for the U.S. Senate. He died in March, 1955; According to his obituary Arthur was caught in a winter storm and succumbed to these difficulties.

Eliose Mandan (F)
(July 30, 1916 - December 13, 2002), #10085
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     Eliose was born at Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, Lucky Mound, North Dakota, USA, on July 30, 1916. She was the daughter of Arthur Mandan and Anna Young Bird. She married Melvin Johnson in 1936. Eliose Mandan died on December 13, 2002 at age 86.

Esther Mandan¹ (F)
(1896 - 1963), #32004

     Esther Mandan was born in 1896; the daughter of Watana/Amos Long Mandan (1857-1925) and Moves the Water (1861-1911). Esther's brother was Patrick Eugene Long Mandan (b. 1894).¹ She married Frank Iron Hawk, son of (?) Iron Hawk and (?) Lone Woman, in 1915.¹ Esther Mandan died in 1963.¹

Howard Mandan Sr. (M)
#7543
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     Also known as E-Sta-Poo-Sta. Howard was born. Also known as Running Face. He was the son of (?) Red Cow and (?) White Bear Woman. Also known as Man with a Scarred Face. He married (?) Calf Woman. He was a student at Santee, Knox Co., Nebraska, USA, circa 1873. School: [Rev. and Mrs. Harold W. Case, 100 years at Ft. Bethold, Reverend Harold W. Case, 1977].

Merlin Mandan¹ (M)
(1950 - 1969), #13117
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     Merlin Mandan was born in 1950.¹ He was the son of Victor Mandan and Bernice Smith.¹ Merlin Mandan died in 1969.

Victor Mandan (M)
(April 29, 1918 - 1951), #7539
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     Victor was born at Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, USA, on April 29, 1918. He was the son of Arthur Mandan and Anna Young Bird. He married Bernice Smith circa 1937.¹ Victor Mandan died in 1951.

Unknown Mann (M)
(circa 1880 - ), #10286

     Unknown was born circa 1880. He married Alice Speck after 1920.

(?) Many Actions¹ (F)
(1864 - ), #39066

     The nationality of (?) Many Actions was Makahu Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ Also known as (?) Tohan Ota.¹ (?) Many Actions was born in 1864.¹ She married (?) Shot Dead circa 1888.¹ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Shot Dead on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Bears¹ (M)
(1857 - ), #36403

     The nationality of (?) Many Bears was Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ Also known as (?) Mato Ota.¹ (?) Many Bears was born in 1857.¹ He married (?) Good Hair Horse before April, 1890.¹ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Cheyenne Wakpa, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on July 1, 1890.¹

(?) Many Birds¹ (M)
(1884 - ), #36251
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     Also known as (?) Zintkala Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Birds was Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Birds was born in 1884.¹ He was the son of (?) Standing Elk and (?) Eagle Shawl.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Standing Elk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Birds¹ (M)
(1869 - ), #38805
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     Also known as (?) Zintkala Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Birds was Oyuhkpe Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Birds was born in 1869.¹ He was the son of (?) Away From.¹ He was listed as "brother" and residing in the home of (?) Pleased Heart on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Brothers^1,2 (F)
(1882 - ), #39128
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     Also known as (?) Ciye Ota.² Also known as (?) Tibloku Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Brothers was Makahu Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Brothers was born in 1882.^1,2 She was the daughter of (?) Long Wolf and (?) Wanted.^1,2 She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Long Wolf on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Long Wolf on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.²

(?) Many Brothers^1,2,3 (F)
(1860 - ), #41493

     Also known as (?) Plenty Brothers.^2,3 The nationality of (?) Many Brothers was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3 Also known as (?) Ciye Ota.¹ Also known as (?) Tibloka Ota.^2,3 (?) Many Brothers was born in 1860.^2,3 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1862.¹ She married (?) Medicine Boy circa 1890.^1,2,3 She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Medicine Boy on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.¹ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Medicine Boy on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.² She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Medicine Boy on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.³

(?) Many Brothers¹ (F)
(1880 - ), #41842
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     Also known as (?) Ciye Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Brothers was Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Brothers was born in 1880.¹ She was the daughter of (?) Comes Out.¹ She was listed as "sister" and residing in the home of (?) Owns Many Horse on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Brothers^1,2 (F)
(1880 - ), #43584
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     The nationality of (?) Many Brothers was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2 (?) Many Brothers was born in 1880.^1,2 She was the daughter of (?) Unknown.¹ She was listed as "sister" and residing in the home of (?) Black Horse on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.¹ She was listed as "sister" and residing in the home of (?) Black Horse on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.²

(?) Many Camps^1,2,3,4 (F)
(1864 - ), #18649
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     Also known as (?) Wicoti Ota.³ Also known as (?) Tipi Ota.⁴ The nationality of (?) Many Camps was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^2,3,4 Also known as (?) Wicoti.¹ Also known as (?) Ti Ota.² (?) Many Camps was born in 1864.^1,2 She was the daughter of (?) Comes Behind.^2,3,4 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1865.^3,4 She married (?) Little Crow circa 1890.^1,2,3,4 She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Little Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Little Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Little Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁴ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Little Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1904 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Pass Creek District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Camps¹ (F)
(1886 - ), #37445
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     Also known as (?) Ti Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Camps was Sore Back Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux; Tcañka oqa?, Sore Backs (of horses) , Chankaokhan.¹ (?) Many Camps was born in 1886.¹ She was the daughter of (?) No Fat and (?) Red Flute.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) No Fat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Camps¹ (F)
(1864 - ), #37908
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     Also known as (?) Tipi Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Camps was Skokpaya Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Camps was born in 1864.¹ She was the daughter of (?) Runs And Left Her.¹ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on July 1, 1890.¹

(?) Many Cartridges^1,2,3,4 (M)
(1873 - ), #40013
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     Also known as (?) Mazasu Ota.^1,2,3,4 The nationality of (?) Many Cartridges was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3,4 (?) Many Cartridges was born in 1873.^1,2,3,4 He was the son of (?) Little Hawk and (?) White Horse.^1,2,3,4 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Little Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Little Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Little Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Little Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wakpamini District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁴

Vera M. Many Deeds¹ (F)
(1942 - September 27, 2005), #32296

     Vera M. Many Deeds was born in 1942.¹ She died on September 27, 2005 at Rapid City Regional Hospital, Rapid City, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA; RAPID CITY - Vera M. Manydeeds Janis, 63, Rapid City, died Tuesday, Sept. 27, 2005, at Rapid City Regional Hospital. Survivors include one daughter, Charlene Janis, Rapid City; two sons, George and John Janis, both of Rapid City; two sisters, Virginia Burnett, Indiana, and Lydia Janis, Pine Ridge; and numerous grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Arrangements are pending with Kirk Funeral Home in Rapid City.
Published in the Rapid City Journal on 9/29/2005.¹

(?) Many Flags¹ (F)
(1878 - ), #38587
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     Also known as (?) Wowapi Ota Win.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Flags was Wakaicu Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Flags was born in 1878.¹ She was the daughter of John Kills a Hundred and Susan Runner.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of John Kills a Hundred on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

John Many Friends^1,2,3,4 (M)
(May, 1892 - ), #39760

     The nationality of John Many Friends was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3,4 Also known as Takolaku.⁴ Also known as Takolaku Ota.^2,3 John Many Friends was born in May, 1892.^1,2 He was listed as "grandson" and residing in the home of (?) Big Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ Another source states that his was also listed with a birthdate in 1893.^3,4 He was listed as "grandson" and residing in the home of (?) Big Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² He was listed as "grandson" and residing in the home of (?) Big Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ He was listed as "grandson" and residing in the home of (?) Big Crow on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wakpamini District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁴

(?) Many Holes¹ (M)
(May, 1890 - ), #35253

     (?) Many Holes was born in May, 1890.¹ He was listed as "grandson" and residing in the home of (?) Spotted Bird on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Holes¹ (M)
(1874 - ), #38922
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     Also known as (?) Ohloka Ota Unsure of spelling.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Holes was Oyuhkpe Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Holes was born in 1874.¹ He was the son of (?) Brings Plenty and (?) Bend.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Brings Plenty on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Horses¹ (M)
(circa 1850 - ), #12542

     (?) Many Horses was born circa 1850 at Lakota Territory; Many Horses was a holy man of the Oglala Sioux tribe. He was a friend of Sitting Bull and a believer in the Ghost Dance. In the spring of 1890, he organized a Ghost Dance ritual at Standing Rock Reservation to drive away the white soldiers camped nearby, but was deeply upset to see that they were still there at dawn the next day. He then said to the assembled people:
"I will follow the white man's trail. I will make him my friend, but I will not bend my back to his burdens. I will be cunning as a coyote. I will ask him to help me understand his ways, then I will prepare the way for my children, and their children. The Great Spirit has shown me - a day will come when they will outrun the white man in his own shoes."
Many Horses should not be confused with the daughter of Sitting Bull, who has the same name.¹
He lived after 1877 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Dakota Territory, USA.

(?) Many Horses^1,2,3,4 (M)
(1871 - ), #36686
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     Also known as (?) Flying Horse.^2,3,5 Also known as (?) Tasunke Kinyela.^2,3,5,4 The nationality of (?) Many Horses was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,4,6,3 Also known as (?) Tasunke Ota.¹ (?) Many Horses was born in 1871.^1,2 He was the son of (?) Yellow Wolf.¹ Another source states that his was also listed with a birthdate in 1872.^6,4 And yet another source states that his was also listed with a birthdate in 1877.⁵ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Yellow Wolf on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Melt, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on July 1, 1894.³ He married (?) Brings Spotted before June 30, 1895.^6,4 (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on June 30, 1895.⁶ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wakpamini District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on June 30, 1896.⁴ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Pass Creek District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on June 30, 1904.⁵

(?) Many Horses^1,2,3 (F)
(1888 - ), #43235
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     Also known as (?) Tasunke Ota.^2,3 The nationality of (?) Many Horses was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3 Also known as (?) Tasunke Ota Win.¹ (?) Many Horses was born in 1888.^1,2,3 She was the daughter of (?) Little Dog and (?) Bird Eagle.^1,2,3 She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Little Dog on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Bird Eagle on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Bird Eagle on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wakpamini District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³

Ellen Many Horses^1,2,3 (F)
(1880 - ), #39355
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     Also known as Ellen Thunder Bear.⁴ The nationality of Ellen Many Horses was Wablenica Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ Also known as (?) Tasunke Ota.¹ Ellen Many Horses was born in 1880.^1,3,2,4,5 She was the daughter of John Thunder Bear and (?) Running Walker.^4,2,5 She was listed as "niece" and residing in the home of John Thunder Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Wablenica Oglala Lakota Sioux, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of John Thunder Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.⁴ She was listed as "niece" and residing in the home of John Thunder Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Wablenica Oglala Lakota Sioux, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ She was listed as "niece" and residing in the home of John Thunder Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Wablenica Oglala Lakota Sioux, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ She was listed as "niece" and residing in the home of John Thunder Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1896 at Wablenica Oglala Lakota Sioux, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁵

(?) Many Kids (F)
(circa 1880 - ), #10020
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     (?) was born circa 1880. She was the daughter of Chief (?) Crows Flies High and (?) Feather In Head. She married (?) Long Tail circa 1899.¹

(?) Many Kills¹ (F)
(1878 - ), #35667
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     The nationality of (?) Many Kills was Cheyenne.¹ (?) Many Kills was born in 1878.¹ She was the daughter of (?) Big Foot and (?) Kills Night.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Big Foot on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Nations¹ (F)
(1868 - ), #36401
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     Also known as (?) Oyate Ota Win.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Nations was Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Nations was born in 1868.¹ She was the daughter of (?) Singing Bear and (?) Red Eagle.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Singing Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Cheyenne Wakpa, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Pipes¹ (F)
(circa 1800 - after 1846), #34203
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     Also known as (?) Her Many Pipes.¹ Also known as Mary Iron Cedar.² The nationality of (?) Many Pipes was Sans Arc. (?) Many Pipes also went by the name of (?) Winula.¹ Her married name was Margaret Archambeau.¹ (?) Many Pipes was born circa 1800.¹ She was the daughter of Chief (?) Crow Feather.¹ (?) Many Pipes married Oliver LeClaire circa 1821.¹ (?) Many Pipes died after 1846 at Cheyenne River Agency, South Dakota, USA.¹ She was buried in 1894 at LaPlante Cemetery, Dewey Co., South Dakota, USA; "According to records obtained from the US Army Corp. Of Engineers, Omaha, Nebraska, Mary Iron Cedar was first buried in grave number 4A-58 in the LeCompte Cemetery in Carson Co., SD., showing a death date of 1894. Later when the Missouri river bottom was flooded due to the Oahe dam, the graves from this cemetery were moved by the US Army Corp of Engineers. Mary’s remains were moved to the LaPlante Cemetery on the Cheyenne River Reservation in Dewey Co., South Dakota, and buried in block F, Lot 4, Grave 1. "
"Some records show the grave was moved to the Mobridge City Cemetery, Mobridge, Walworth Co., South Dakota, but this was later changed to LaPlante Cemetery by request of her great grandson Frank LeCompte."
There is a Marker on the grave-site of Mary Iron Cedar aka Her Many Pipes, Winula., located in the LaPlante Catholic Cemetery located on the Cheyenne River Reservation, Dewey County, South Dakota, on Highway 212 about 18 miles west of where 212 crossed the Missouri River/Oaha Reservoir. The LeCompte Family is responsible for the placement of this Marker.
Here is the information as shown on the marker:
"Mary Iron Cedar born ca. 1815 - died 1894, Mother of Breeds, also known as Her Many Pipes and Nuni. Mary was the daughter of the Sans Arc Sioux Chief Crow Feather No 1 ca 1795 - ca 1865. She married Oliver LeClaire a French fur Trader, ca 1830. Their descendants populate five South Dakoto Indian Reservations. Through their daughters, Julia (Peter) Livermost, Lillian (Louison) LeCompte, Sarah (Joseph) Valandre, Angele (William) Kinsler and Louise LaPlante. All the Ducheneaux, Whitineys and Swift Birds on the Cheyenne River Reservation and the LaRoche on the Lower Brule Reservations descend from Mary through Lillian's daughters, Sophie. May, Anna and Angelique respectfully. Mary's great great grandson, Frank D. Ducheneaux, also led the Sans Arc and other Sioux bands as Chairman of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. (1950-58 and 1962-70)."
The LeCompte Catholic Cemetery was first a family cemetery and Lillian LeClaire LeCompte gave some land to the Rapid City Diocese for a church/cemetery before she died and then it was a Catholic Cemetery, which is now under Lake Oahe, in Carson County, South Dakota. All graves were removed to other sites by the US Army Corp. Of Engineers, at the request of relatives.
The LaPlante Catholic Cemetery is located on the Cheyenne River Reservation, Dewey County, South Dakota, on Highway 212 about 18 miles west of where 212 crossed the Missouri River/Oaha Reservoir. The Greenwood Cemetery is located 1 miles north of Grand Crossing, Mobridge, Walworth Co., SD. The Mobridge City Cemetery; is located 1 mile east of Main Street, Mobridge, South Dakota.²

(?) Many Pipes¹ (M)
(1883 - ), #39497
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     Also known as (?) Canumpa Ota.¹ The nationality of (?) Many Pipes was Wablenica Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ (?) Many Pipes was born in 1883.¹ He was the son of (?) Not Afraid Of Pawnee and (?) Grasshopper.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) Not Afraid Of Pawnee on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

(?) Many Red Horses^1,2,3 (F)
(1891 - ), #42627
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     Also known as (?) Sunk Hinsa Ota.³ Also known as Mary Red Horses.³ The nationality of (?) Many Red Horses was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3 Also known as (?) Tasunke Hinsa Ota.¹ Also known as (?) Tasunka Luta Ota.² (?) Many Red Horses was born in 1891.^1,2,3 She was the daughter of (?) Troublesome Hawk and Bessie (?).^1,2,3 She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Troublesome Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Troublesome Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Troublesome Hawk on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 14, 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.³

(?) Many Roads^1,2,3,4 (F)
(1840 - ), #36784

     Also known as (?) Tacanku Ota Win.⁴ The nationality of (?) Many Roads was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^3,2,1,4 Also known as (?) Her Plenty Road.^3,2,4 Also known as (?) Tacanku Ota.^3,2,1 (?) Many Roads was born in 1840.^3,2,4 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1845.¹ She married Joseph Kettle Coat before July 1, 1890.^1,4 She was listed as residing with her husband Joseph Kettle Coat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ She was listed as residing with her husband Joseph Kettle Coat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² She was listed as residing with her husband Joseph Kettle Coat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁴

(?) Many Soldiers^1,2,3,4 (F)
(1859 - ), #37188
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     Also known as (?) Plenty Soldiers.^2,3,4 The nationality of (?) Many Soldiers was Hokayuta Oglala Lakota Sioux; Also know as the Badger Eater Band.¹ Also known as (?) Akicita Ota.^1,2,3,4 (?) Many Soldiers was born in 1859.¹ She was the daughter of (?) Back and (?) Scraper.^1,2,3 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1869.^4,3 And yet another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1879.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Back on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Back on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Back on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.³ She married (?) Black Hair before June 30, 1895.⁴ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Black Hair on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁴

(?) Many Spotted Horse¹ (F)
(1826 - ), #17166

     (?) Many Spotted Horse was born in 1826.¹ (?) was listed as the "Head of the Household" on the US Indian Census Rolls at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on June 30, 1904.¹

(?) Many Spotted Horses^1,2,3 (M)
(1884 - ), #37444
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     Also known as (?) Plenty Spotted Horses.^2,3 The nationality of (?) Many Spotted Horses was Sore Back Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux; Tcañka oqa?, Sore Backs (of horses) , Chankaokhan.¹ Also known as (?) Sunk Gleska Ota.^1,2,3 (?) Many Spotted Horses was born in 1884.^1,2 He was the son of (?) No Fat and (?) Red Flute.^1,2,3 Another source states that his was also listed with a birthdate in 1885.³ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) No Fat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) No Fat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of (?) No Fat on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³

(?) Many Stands¹ (F)
(1848 - ), #35798

     The nationality of (?) Many Stands was Cheyenne.¹ (?) Many Stands was born in 1848.¹ She married (?) Wolf Chief circa 1876 at Cheyenne.¹ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Wolf Chief on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹

Samuel Many Stars¹ (M)
(before 1941 - ), #11625

     His body was interred before 1941 at Wanblee, Washabaugh Co., South Dakota, USA, at Episcopal Cemetery.¹ Samuel was born before 1941.

(?) Many White Horses^1,2,3,4 (F)
(1847 - ), #36533

     Also known as (?) Sunk Ska Ota.^3,4,2 The nationality of (?) Many White Horses was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3,4 Also known as (?) Tasunkke Ska Win.¹ Also known as (?) Plenty White Horses.^2,3,4 (?) Many White Horses was born in 1847.^2,3,4 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1851.¹ She married (?) Slow Bear circa 1870.^1,2,3,4 She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Slow Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Flat Bottle, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Slow Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Slow Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³ She was listed as residing with her husband (?) Slow Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.⁴

(?) Many White Man^1,2,3 (F)
(1860 - ), #38013
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     Also known as (?) Winyan Ota.^2,3 The nationality of (?) Many White Man was Kuhinya Oglala Lakota Sioux.¹ Also known as (?) Plenty Woman.^2,3 Also known as (?) Wasicu Ota.¹ (?) Many White Man was born in 1860.^2,3 She was the daughter of (?) Conquering Bear and (?) Her Red Road.^1,3 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1861.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Conquering Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Conquering Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Conquering Bear on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³

(?) Many Women^1,2,3 (F)
(1885 - ), #36638
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     Also known as (?) Plenty Woman.^2,3 The nationality of (?) Many Women was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2,3 Also known as (?) Winyan Ota.^1,2,3 (?) Many Women was born in 1885.¹ She was the daughter of (?) Cross Dog and Jennie (?).^1,4,2,3 Another source states that her was also listed with a birthdate in 1886.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Cross Dog on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Melt, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Cross Dog on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² She was listed as "daughter" and residing in the home of (?) Cross Dog on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³

(?) Many Wounds^1,2,3 (M)
(1878 - ), #43247

     The nationality of (?) Many Wounds was Oglala Lakota Sioux.^1,2 Also known as (?) Taopi Ota.^1,2 (?) Many Wounds was born in 1878.^1,2 He was listed as "nephew" and residing in the home of (?) White Face Owner on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1894 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.¹ He was listed as "nephew" and residing in the home of (?) White Face Owner on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.² He was listed as "nephew" and residing in the home of (?) White Face Owner on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 20, 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wakpamini District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.³

Catherine Marchand (F)
(1634 - February 25, 1712), #8400

     (see also Web Link). Catherine was born at St. Suplice, France, in 1634. She married Laurent D'Archambault at Montréal, Québec, Canada, on January 7, 1659. 1659/60. Catherine died on February 25, 1712 at Point-Aux-Trembles, Québec, Canada.