The township thus erected extended from the Susquehanna too the top of Lee mountain, which separates it from Fishingcreek and Orange; and from the valley of Briar creek on the east to Orange and Bloom, which then included Scott. The regularity of its western boundary is broken by the excision of its northwest corner in favor of Orange. Two distinct ranges of hills extending in a direction parallel with the course of the river, diversify the surface. A narrow, rugged valley separates Lee mountain from the Summer hills, and between these and Lime ridge is one of the most fertile valleys of the county, in which the west branch of Briar creek takes its rise. South of the ridge the surface slopes gradually down to the level lands of the river "bottoms."

This region was among the earlier settled sections of Columbia county. Here in the valley of the west branch of Briar creek, the Van CAMPEN, SALMON, and AIKMAN families reared their homes, which were subsequently involved in the devastation which fell with savage cruelty upon the flourishing colony at Wyoming. In the year 1777 Alexander AIKMAN emigrated from New Jersey and built a cabin on the bank of a stream known from this circumstance as Cabin run. In the autumn he returned to Northumberland. The Van CAMPENS and SALMONS remained, relying on the forts in the vicinity for protection. In the spring of 1778 the house of the former was burned. Joseph SALMON was a near neighbor. Recognizing in the smoke indications of the presence of an enemy, he hastened from the field to his own cabin to take his wife and child to a place of safety. Between it and the clearing was a marsh crossed by a corduroy bridge. It was not until he reached this point that he observed the cabin already surrounded by savages. He approached near enough to see that his wife and child were prisoners, but that apparently their lives would be spared. Unfortunately the Indians discovered him; he sought concealment in the bridge, and they were unable to dislodge or murder him there, although several attempts were made to burn it. Exasperated with this failure, they scalped his wife and then set her at liberty, while her infant child was inhumanly killed before her eyes.* [Footnote: Another version of this story, and probably the correct one, is as follows; When Mr. SALMON reached the house, the Indians were on the point of killing his wife and child. He interposed and had some influence with the chief, who promised to spare their lives and assured him of a safe return if he would accompany them as a prisoner. He agreed to do so, and remained in captivity more than a year. He accompanied the chief on his expeditions, but the latter never mentioned his promise of granting the release, nor did SALMON dare do so. After following the chief alone through a whole night, they reached the summit of the North mountain at daybreak. SALMON recognized with joy the outline of Knob mountain in the distance. "Go", said his captor, "thus can Indians keep their promises." He did not hesitate to obey the command, and followed Fishing creek to his home, where he lived for many years.]

The Van CAMPENS were reserved for a fate even more sanguinary in its details of savage ferocity. In the spring of 1780 the Indian disturbances having apparently subsided, several members of the family left Fort Wheeler to make preparations for rebuilding the house destroyed two years previous. About the same time a small party of Indians and Tories, after committing various depredations in the neighborhood of Wyoming, pushed down the river to Fishing creek. March 30th they reached the head-waters of the west branch of Briar creek.

As the spring opened, the Van CAMPENS, who had taken refuge in Fort Wheeler, determined to go out to their place, rebuild their destroyed cabin and put in crops for their future support. They appear to have been an exception among the settlers in their freedom from apprehension of molestation by the Indians, and left the fort in the latter part of March, the party consisting of Moses Van CAMPEN, his father, a younger brother, an uncle, and his son about twelve years old, and one Peter PENCE. The sequel, as related by Van CAMPEN, is as follows:

We had been on our farms about four or five days when, on the morning of the thirteenth of March, we were surprised by a party of ten Indians. My father was lunged through with a war spear, his throat was cut and he was scalped, while my brother was tomahawked, scalped and thrown into the fire before my eyes. While I was struggling with a warrior, the fellow who had killed my father drew his spear from his body and made a violent thrust at me. I shrank from the spear; the savage who had hold of me turned it with his hands so that it only penetrated my vest and shirt. They were then satisfied with taking me prisoner, as they had the same morning taken my uncle's little son and PENCE, though they killed my uncle. The same party, before they reached us, had torched on the lower settlements of Wyoming and killed a Mr. UPSON and taken a boy prisoner of the name of ROGERS. We were now marched off up Fishing creek, and in the afternoon of the same day came to Huntington, where the Indians found four white men at a sugar camp who fortunately discovered the Indians and fled to a house. The Indians only fired on them and wounded a Captain RANSOM when they continued their course till night. Having encamped and made their fire we, the prisoners, were tied and well secured, five Indians lying on one side of us and five on the other; in the morning they pursued their course, and leaving the waters of Fishing creek, touched the head-waters of Hemlock creek, where they found one Abraham PIKE, his wife and child. PIKE was made prisoner but his wife they painted and told Joggo, squaw, go home. They continued their course that day and encamped the same night in the same manner as the previous.

It came into my mind that sometimes individuals performed wonderful actions and surmounted the greatest danger. I then decided that these fellows must die, and thought of a plan to dispatch them. The next day I had an opportunity to communicate my plan to my fellow-prisoners; they treated it as a visionary scheme for three men to attempt to dispatch ten Indians. I spread before them the advantages which three men would have over ten when asleep; and that we would be the first prisoners taken into their towns and villages after our army had destroyed their corn; that we should be tied to the steak and suffer a cruel death; we had now an inch of ground to fight on and if we failed it would only be death, and we might as well died one way as another. That day passed away and having encamped for the night we lay as before. In the morning we came to the river and saw their canoes; they had descended the river and run their canoes upon Little Tunkhannock creek, so called. They crossed the river and set their canoes adrift.

I renewed my suggestion to my companions to dispatch them that night, and urged that they must decide the question. Disarm them and each take a tomahawk and come to close work at once. There are three of us; plant our blows with judgment, and three times three will make nine, and the tenth one we can kill at our leisure. They agreed to disarm them and after that one take possession of the guns and fire at the other side of the four, and the other two take tomahawks on the other side and dispatch them. I observed that would be a very uncertain way; the first shot fired would give the alarm; they would discover it to be the prisoners and might defeat us. I had to yield to their plan. Peter PENCE was chosen to fire the guns, PIKE and myself to tomahawk. We cut and carried plenty of wood to give them a good fire; after I was laid down one of them had occasion to use his knife; he dropped it at my feet; I turned my foot over it and concealed it; they all lay down and fell asleep. About midnight I got up and found them in a sound sleep. I slipped to PENCE, who rose; I cut him loose and handed him the knife; he did the same for me and I in turn took the knife and cut PIKE loose; in a minute's time we disarmed them. PENCE took his station at the guns. PIKE and myself with our tomahawks took our stations. I was to tomahawk three on the right wing and PIKE two on the left. That moment PIKE's two awoke and were getting up; here PIKE proved a coward and laid down. It was a critical moment; I saw there was no time to be lost; their heads turned up fair; I dispatched them in a moment and turned to my lot as per agreement, and as I was about to dispatch the last on my side of the fire PENCE shot and did good execution; there was only one at the off wing that his ball did not reach; his name was Mohawke, a stout, bold, daring fellow. In the alarm he jumped off about three rods from the fire; he saw it was the prisoners who made the attack, and giving the war-whoop, he started to take possession of the guns; I was as quick to prevent him; the contest was then between him and myself. As I raised my tomahawk he turned quick to jump from me; I followed him and struck at him, but, missing his head, my tomahawk struck his shoulder, or rather the back of his neck; he pitched forward and fell; at the same moment my foot slipped and I fell by his side; we clinched; his arm was naked; he caught me round my neck; at the same time I caught him with my left arm around the body and gave him a close hug, at the same time feeling for his knife but could not reach it.

In our scuffle my tomahawk dropped out. My head was under the wounded shoulder and almost suffocated me with his blood. I made a violent spring and broke from his hold; we both rose at the same time, and he ran; it took me sometime to clear the blood from my eyes; my tomahawk had got covered up, and I could not find it in time to overtake him; he was the only one of the party that escaped.

PIKE was powerless. I always had a reverence for Christian devotion; PIKE was trying to pray, and PENCE swearing at him, charging him with cowardice, and saying it was no time to pray, he ought to fight; we were masters of the ground, and in possession of all their guns, blankets, match coats, etc. I then turned my attention to scalping them, and recovering the scalps of my father, brother, and others, I strung them all on my belt for safe keeping. We kept our ground till morning and built a raft, it being near the bank of the river where they had encamped, about fifteen miles below Tioga Point; we got all our plunder on it and set sail for Wyoming, the nearest settlement. Our raft gave way, when we made for land, but we lost considerable property, though we saved our guns and ammunition, and took to land; we reached Wyalusing late in the afternoon. Came to the Narrows; discovered a smoke below, and a raft laying the shore, by which we were certain a party of Indians had passed us in the course of the day, and had halted for the night. There was no alternative for us but to rout them or go over the mountain; the snow on the north side of the hill was deep;; we knew from the appearance of the raft that the party must be small; we had two rifles each; my only fear was of PIKE's cowardice. To know the worst of it, we agreed that I should ascertain their number and give the signal for the attack; I crept down the side of the hill so near as to see their fires and packs, but saw no Indians. I concluded that they had gone hunting for meat, and that this was a good opportunity for us to make off with their raft to the opposite side of the river. I gave the signal; they came and threw their packs on the raft, which was made of small dry pine timber; with poles and paddles we drove her briskly across the river, and had got nearly out of reach of shot, when two of them came in; they fired; their shots did no injury; we soon got under cover of an island, and went several miles; we had waded deep creeks through the day, the night was cold; we landed on an island and found a sink-hole, in which we made our fire; after warming we were alarmed by a crackling in the crust; PIKE supposed that the Indians had got on the island, and was for calling for quarters; to keep him quiet, we threatened him with his life; the stepping grew plainer, and seemed coming directly to the fire; I kept a watch, and soon a noble raccoon came under the light. I shot the raccoon, when PIKE jumped up and called out: "Quarters, gentlemen! Quarters, gentlemen!" I took my game by the leg and threw it down by the fire: "Here, you cowardly rascal," I cried, "skin that and give us a roast for supper."

The next night we reached Wyoming, and there was much joy to see us; we rested one day, and it being not safe to go to Northumberland by land, we procured a canoe, and with PENCE and my little cousin, we descended the river by night.

Fort Jenkins was erected in 1778, and became an important place of retreat for the settlers along the river. It appears that the fort was merely the house of a Mr. JENKINS, barricaded and surrounded by a stockade. In September, 1780, a party of Indians from the Chillisquaque, having passed through the Fishing creek valley below Knob mountain, crossed the Summer hills through the defile of Cabin run and burned the cabin built by AIKMAN three years previous. Fort Jenkins had been evacuated by its garrison, who retreated to a point farther down the river. The Indians burned the fort, which was never rebuilt. In an appendix to the "Pennsylvania Archives," the following particulars concerning it are credited to a communication from Jacob HILL under date of October 2, 1855. "Its location was about twenty rods from the river, and about half the distance from the "North Branch canal." It stood upon the very spot where my house now stands. There are no remains left above ground, but I think there might be some pieces of the logs found buried in the ground. There is a very low spot between my house and barn, which is said to have been the well inside the fort. There is also another such spot near my house, and about four rods from the former which is said to be the cellar of a house built by JENKINS; and in digging the cellar for my house my hands found a quantity of stone which I took to be the foundation of some building, among which were some brick of rather singular dimensions, four or five feet under ground. The fields in the vicinity are scattered with arrows such as Indians use." Upon the cessation of hostilities the sense of security and repose so welcome to the wearied settlers after the harrassing experiences of the preceding years, attracted to their depleted ranks a class of pioneers whose characteristic energy and perseverance gradually removed the traces of war and bloodshed. Alexander AIKMAN returned from New Jersey, wither he had removed with his family. In 1782 Benjamin FOWLER, a young Englishman who had participated as a British soldier in the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown the previous year, traversed the distance from New York to the Briar creek valley on horseback. Here he formed the acquaintance of a Miss FOWLER, whose family had but recently entered the region. He conceived a strong attachment for her, and amid the multiplied labors of his first year on the frontier, found time to learn that his feelings were reciprocated. The marriage that ensued might be chronicled as the first in Centre township, if there had been a clergyman in the vicinity to perform the ceremony. Under the circumstances a journey was made to Reading, where the wedding was celebrated.

In 1792 Frederick HILL purchased from JENKINS a tract of land embracing the location of the old fort. On the site of the original building he erected a house and opened the Fort Jenkins hotel, then the only public house in the present limits of the county. The following year a number of families from Mount Bethel, Northampton county, attracted to the region by reports of its fertile soil, located in the valley of Briar creek. Among those who settled within this township were John HOFFMAN, Nehemiah HUTTON and James CAULEY. The same year Henry HIDLAY, having secured the title to "Mendham," a tract "situate three miles northwest of the Susquehanna," removed his family and household goods thither in a covered wagon. These families journeyed from Easton by a road recently opened from that point to Nescopeck falls, across the Broad, Buck and Nescopeck mountains.

Travel between different points along the river had increased to such an extent since the opening of the Fort Jenkins hotel, that Abram MILLER, in 1799, established another. From its position midway between Bloomsburg and Berwick, it was afterward known as the Half-Way house. When a stage-line was established between Sunbury and Wilkesbarre, its land-lords became widely known for their hospitality and for the celerity [sic] and promptness with which an exchange of horses could here be made. Thomas MILLER succeeded his father, but the establishment reached the zenith of its prosperity under the management of Samuel HARMAN, who was proprietor at a period when stage travel was necessary for a large class of people. When the canal was opened, the packet, a long, narrow boat drawn by six horses, was regarded as a more rapid and comfortable conveyance than the coach, and received a fair degree of patronage during the summer months. The decade immediately preceding the construction of the rail-road, was the most profitable one in the finances of stage proprietors. The volume of travel was such as to give a lucrative business to several companies. Since the opening of the railroad in 1858 the Half-Way house has ceased to be a place of popular resort, as the conditions under which it became such no longer exist. To the imaginative observer the quaint appearance of its broad porches still suggests the hurry and confusion of the old stage-exchange.

The name of Abram MILLER is also associated with an early industry of Centre township, and one that has adapted itself to the changing characters of the circumstances under which it has been conducted. The tract purchased by him in 1799 embraced a portion of lime ridge, in which the strata of limestone were but thinly covered by soil, and appeared in some places at the surface. Quarries were opened and the stone reduced to lime. This was conveyed to different points by means of flat-boats and wagons. A considerable portion was used in constructing the first brick buildings of Wilkesbarre. When the manufacture of iron was begun at Danville, Roaringcreek, Hemlock creek, Shickshinny and Wilkesbarre limestone for smelting purposes was obtained at this point. The canal-boat superseded the batteau as a means of transportation. The limestone was thus taken to Lackawanna in 1841, then at the head of navigation, and from there by a gravity railroad to Scranton, where it was used in considerable quantities for some years. The MILLERS, Abram and Thomas, operated quarries at the west end of the Centerville surface strata, John JONES its eastern, and John KNORR its central portion. Since 1854 LOW Brothers have controlled three-fourths of the product. The quarries are practically exhausted at some places, although still operated to a limited extent.

The village indications on the map of Centre are somewhat misleading. Two or three locations are dignified as postoffices, where no villages are visible to the naked eye. An aggregate of dwellings variously known as Centreville and Stoneytown is somewhat more tangible. About 1845 several lime-kiln proprietors, desirous of securing better shipping facilities, purchased twenty-four acres of land bordering the canal. After erecting suitable wharves, the remainder of the land was disposed of to quarry hands as building sites on which some fifteen or twenty cheaply constructed dwellings were built. The name Lime Ridge applies exclusively to some half-dozen more substantial residences subsequently erected to the west of these. During the greatest activity of the lime business Centreville was a thriving hamlet, and still does considerable business, though many of its residents are now transferred from the quarries to canal-boats. Two stores, which conduct a thriving local trade, and two church buildings add to the attractiveness of the place. The denominations represented here are the Evangelical and the Methodist. The condition of the former is not as flourishing as formerly, a large proportion of the membership having moved to other points. The latter was organized in 1832 by Isaac LOW, George SLOAN, Henry TREMBLY and Aaron BOON, in a school-house at some distance from the village. Ten years later its present house of worship was built. A second structure for Methodist services was dedicated at Fowlersville, November 3, 1867. The congregations at both places are connected with the Mifflinville circuit.

The only society represented at Centreville is Centre grange, No. 56. The Briarcreek Farmers Mutual Insurance Company was organized by its membership January 11, 1875, with Levi AIKMAN, president; Samuel NEYHART, secretary; and George CONNER, treasurer. These persons have held their respective offices continuously to this time (September, 1886), and have conducted the company's affairs through a decade of prosperous usefulness.

Briarcreek Presbyterian church has existed from a period compared with which the societies above mentioned are of but recent origin. Its history begins with the early settlement of the township. By indenture of August 19, 1796, Henry HIDLAY conveyed to Andrew CREVELING, George ESPY, and Conrad ADAMS, trustees of the Briarcreek Presbyterian society, an acre of ground for the location of a house for worship. It is probable that the latter was erected the following year, but this cannot be positively stated. The following names constitute a list of pew-holders, August 17, 1807: William SLOAN, John FREAS, Moses OMAN, William HUTCHISON, William PARKS, Samuel WEBB, Hugh SLOAN, Samuel BELLAS, Alexander AIKMAN, William AIKMAN, William HENDERSON, Benjamin BOONE, Andrew CREVELING, Daniel McCARTY, John KENNEDY, William MARR, John BRIGHT, Samuel CREVELING, James HUTCHISON, Joseph BRITTAIN, Joseph SALMON, Ephraim LEWIS, William OMAN, Josiah McCLURE, James FOWLER, Benjamin FOWLER, John STEWART, Henry HIDLAY, Levi AIKMAN and John BRITTAIN. In 1792 the Presbytery of Carlisle appointed Reverend Henry to supply this congregation. Two years later, he was succeeded by Reverend John BRYSON. Asa DUNHAM was pastor from 1798 to 1816. Reverends HENDERSON, CROSBY, LEWERS, PATTERSON, BRYSON, HUDSON, WALLER, HAND, WILLIAMSON, NEWELL, SALMON, MELICK, DICKSON, SPEAR and CANFIELD have successively been the pastors of this organization. August 28, 1838, a new structure was dedicated on the foundation of the old one. In the burial ground adjoining are the graves of many of the original members.

Lutheran and Reformed congregations have also worshiped in the Briarcreek church building. Reverend Isaac SHELLHAMMER in 1846 was the first to minister to the latter. At a later date Reverend William FOX organized the former. With the Centre English Lutheran church, it forms part of Briar creek charge. Reverends SHARRETS, DIM and BERGSTRESSER were its first pastors.

Whitmire Evangelical church and Briarcreek Baptist society, complete the number of religious organizations in the township. The first meeting of the former was conducted by James FOWLER and Emanuel KOHE in David FOWLER's house. Its first church building was erected in 1849; the second was dedicated in August 29, 1880. The latter religious body was admitted to Northumberland Baptist Association in 1851, with John H. WORRELL, pastor, and thirty members. It has generally been connected with the Berwick church.

For the following interesting facts in relation to Fort Jenkins and the site on which it stood, the editor is indebted to Mr. C. F. HILL, of Hazleton, who has been at great pains to furnish the following details, not elsewhere to be found in any published work:

The following letter is from the Hon. Steuben JENKINS, of Wyoming, Pa., who is a recognized authority on early history of this portion of the state, especially of Wyoming valley. He writes as follows:

Wyoming, October 2, 1886
Dear Sir:
In reply to yours of the 28th ultimo, I can add but little to the account of Fort Jenkins which will be found on pages 380, etc. of the "Appendix" to the Pennsylvania Archives. You are right in suggesting that Van CAMPEN was "Big Indian" and his narrative is a tissue of brag and falsehood, mingled with a little truth that makes the falsehood the greater deception. None of his statements are to be relied on. On Friday, 16th April, 1869, accompanied by Henry WOODHOUSE, Esq., of Wyoming, and W. W. SMITH, president of the board of county comm'rs of Luzerne county, I visited the site of Fort Jenkins. We found the site about a mile below Willow Grove station, on the Lackawanna & Bloomsburg R. R., and just opposite the lower part of the town of Mifflinsville, on the opposite side of the river. The situation was high and dry and commanded a fine view of the country around and of the Susquehanna river, on the east. The location was beautiful and well adapted for defense. We were shown by the wife of Jacob HILL, who occupied the premises, the place of the well and one of the ditches of the fort. They are situated between the house and the barn, somewhat nearer the barn than the house. The land around it is of the first quality for farming purposes. The HILL family were not able to five us much of the history of the fort. They only knew that a family by the name of JENKINS came there before the revolutionary war, built a blockhouse, which in the early part of the war was converted into a fort; that they got tired of the place, there were so many Indians about, and built a boat and in that went off and left it, and the HHILLS afterward bought the place of them. After we had examined the premises around, we passed on down to upper Lime Ridge, where we fell in with an old man who gave us this account of the fort and premises:
"Sometime before the revolutionary war, two brothers by the name of JENKINS built a blockhouse, which was afterward converted into a fort, by setting up saplings sharpened at the upper end, making a kind of stockade; that the Indians had a town on the opposite side of the river, at the mouth of a small stream; that during the war the Indians became troublesome, and under cover of an island in the river, they passed over to the island unseen, and from that point had shot and killed one of the brothers as he was down at the river. The other brother, with the women and children, got into a boat and passed down the river to Sunbury, and from there over the country to Berks county, or Philadelphia, where they traded their title to the Fort JENKINS property to James WILSON, attorney at law, Philadelphia, who conveyed the same to Jacob ZOLL, of Hamburg, Berks county, 15th of July, 1796, who conveyed the same to Frederick HILL, of Richmond, Berks county, 17th of June, 1797, the ancestor of the present owner. An entry under date of Thursday, September 14, 1780, in the journal of Lieut. John JENKINS, says: 'This day we heard that Fort JENKINS and Harvey's Mills were burnt.' This fort need not be confounded with 'Jenkins Fort.' in Wyoming, which was built by John JENKINS, Esq. The one at Wyoming is invariably called 'Jenkins Fort,' while the one about which I have written is invariably called 'Fort Jenkins.' This latter was built as a 'blockhouse,' of hewed logs, closely laid together, and stockaded by the provincial authorities of Pennsylvania, on land owned by James JENKINS, a merchant of Philadelphia--himself and family afterward of Northumberland, Pa., at and near which place, and in Buffalo valley, they carried on merchandising, milling, farming and iron smelting. The following memoranda of title would seem to fix the dates when JENKINS obtained the land at Fort Jenkins and when he parted with it. I have in my possession a patent issued by John Penn, dated 25th Feb. 1775, in behalf of himself and Thomas Penn, for a tract of land called 'New Orleans,' situate on the westerly side of the N. E. Branch of Susquehanna river, county of Northumberland, beginning at a marked black oak at the side of the N. E. branch of said river; thence by Wm. CHAMBERS' land N. 30 degrees W. 304 perches; thence by vacant land S. 61 degrees W. 166 perches to a pine, thence by Rev. Doctor Francis ALLISON's land S. 30 degrees E. 312 perches to a white oak on the river, thence up said river to the beginning, containing 304 3/4 acres. Surveyed for Daniel REES, 24 Oct., 1774, on warrant dated 24 Oct., 1774, who assigned to James JENKINS 25 Feby., 1775."

This is enough to give you dates, etc., besides what you have, and I will end this part of the case here. Hon. Samuel Freeman HEADLY gave me the following in reference to the fort:

"James PRAT was wounded at Fort Jenkins by a shot in the hip. He kept the ferry. as he was coming up from the river to the fort some person pursued him. There was a girl by the name of UTLEY outside of the fort milking a cow; he called to her to run for her life; she ran for the fort and arrived in it in safety; date not known. At the time of the invasion of Wyoming by the combined forces of the British tories and Indians, Capt. CLINGMAN was in command at Fort Jenkins with a force of ninety men. He was sent for by express, the urgency and danger of the situation made known to him and his assistance with his command earnestly solicited, but he failed to respond. The force were Pennamites who felt no interest in defending the settlers, but rather were willing they should be destroyed, and so they left them to perish.

Fort McClure was about a mile above the mouth of Fishing creek on the Susquehanna. Fort Jenkins was where I have stated, some six or seven miles above, and these were all the forts there were on the west side of the Susquehanna above Northumberland.

Abraham PIKE remained after the revolutionary war and settled in Lehman township about 12 miles from Wilkesbarre and died a town pauper about 1834. Van CAMPEN had no farm. He settled on land under Pennsylvania, but I do not know that he ever owned what might be called a farm.

My grandfather, Lieut. John JENKINS, in his diary says:--1780, April. 4, "PIKE and two men from Fishing creek and two boys that were taken by the Indians made their escape by falling on the guard of ten Indians, killed three and the rest took to the woods and left the prisoners with 12 guns and about 30 blankets."

Col. FRANKLIN, April 4, says:--PIKE and others returned, made their escape at Wysox on the 1st; killed 3 Indians and took all their arms. VanCAMPEN, after describing the conflict with the Indians says, in his Falstaffian way, "Nine Indians were laying dead upon the ground." (Life, &c., of Van CAMPEN, Page 205.)

Van CAMPEN was of Low Dutch descent and came there from Delaware river and was a neighbor of the Van GORDONS, the Van ASHTINES, Van LEERS, etc. Two of the family were residents of this place for many years, leaving for Illinois about 1840. One Garret was a blacksmith, the other, Aaron, was a general laborer. They were both great story tellers, and none too honest in general. PIKE was a wanderer, settling and staying anywhere, never pretended to farm or own lands. I leave it for you to reconcile V. C. with the facts. I would like the Jenkins surveys, deeds and title to the fort.
Yours respectfully, Steuben JENKINS.
To C. F. HILL, Esq.
Hazleton, Pa.

(diagram map showing location of Fort Jenkins on this page - 214)

A draught of a tract of land called "New Orleans," situate on the westerly side of the northeast branch of the Susquehanna river, below and joining land surveyed for William CHAMBERS in the county of Northumberland, containing three hundred and four acres and three-quarters of an acre besides the usual allowance of 6 per cent for roads, etc., surveyed the 26th day of November, 1774, for Daniel REESE in pursuance of a warrant dated the 24th day of October, 1774. - By Chas. STEWART, Dep. Sur.
To John LUKENS, Esqr., S. Gen'l.
In testimony that the above is a true copy of the original remaining in my office I have hereto set my hand and seal of office at Philadelphia this 18th July 1796. - Daniel BRODHEAD, S. G.
The following is a brief of title to a tract of land in Centre Township, Columbia Co., Pa., called "New Orleans" on which is the site of Fort Jenkins.
Surveyed the 21st day of October, 1774; Warrant dated 24th day of October, 1774. See copy of survey herewith.
New Orleans
Patent James JENKINS dated the 25 February, 1775.
In pursuance of a warrant dated the 24th October, 1774, there was a surveyed for Daniel REESE a certain tract of land called "New Orleans," situate on the westerly side of the north east branch of Susquehanna river in the county of Northumberland. Beginning at a marked Black Oak at the side of the north east branch of the Susquehanna river, thence by William CHAMBERS' land north thirty degrees west three hundred and four perches to a marked Black Oak, thence by vacant land south sixty-one degrees west one hundred and sixty-six perches to a marked pine, thence by the Reverend Doctor Francis ALLISON's land south thirty degrees east three hundred and twelve perches to a marked White Oak at the side of the aforesaid branch, thence up along the side of said branch to the place of beginning, containing three hundred and four acres and three quarters and allowance, etc., under one penny per acre to Penn's.
Daniel REESE by deed dated same day conveyed to James JENKINS. Inrolled in Pat. Book A. A. 15, page 107, the 27th Feby., 1775.
St. James
Patent James JENKINS dated 25th Feby., 1775. Inrolled in Pat. Book A. A. 15, page 108, the 27th Feby., 1775.
Warrant dated 24th October, 1774, to William CHAMBERS, a certain tract of land called St. James, situate on the westerly side of the north east branch of Susquehanna river in the county of Northumberland, beginning at a marked Red Oak on the side of the north east branch of Susquehanna river, thence by Philip JOHNSTON's land and vacant land north thirty degrees, west three hundred and twelve perches to a marked White Oak, thence by vacant land south sixty-one degrees, west one hundred and sixty-eight perches to a marked Black Oak, thence by Daniel REESE land south thirty degrees, east three hundred and four perches to a marked Black Oak on the side of the north east branch aforesaid, thence up along the side of the said river one hundred and sixty-nine perches to the place of beginning, containing three hundred and three acres and three quarters and allowances, etc.
Wm. CHAMBERS by deed dated 24 Oct., 1774, granted to Philip JOHNSTON. Philip JOHNSTON by deed dated 25th Feby. instant granted the same with appurtenances unto James JENKINS in Fee under One penny per acre.
I do hereby certify the above to be true extracts taken from the records this 14th day of July, 1796, for Nath. Irwin, Esq., M. R.
C. HUNT
{Seal}
Inrollment office
of Pennsylvania.
Daniel REES of the
county of Philada
Deed Poll
to
James JENKINS of the
city of Philada
Merchant
Dated Feby 25th 1775.
Witnesses Phil JOHNSTON Wm. GRAY.
Consideration 100 L a certain warrant obtained out of the Proprietary's land office for 300 acres more or less on the North East Branch of the Susquehanna and below and joining lands granted to William CHAMBERS in Northumberland County.

John PENN in behalf
of himself and Thos
Penn Patent to
James JENKINS
Tract of land called New Orleans
Dated 25 Feby 1775

James JENKINS, and Phebe, his
wife of the county of Lancas-
ter Pa.
Gentlemen. Deed to
James WILSON of the city of
Philadelphia Attorney.
July 27th 1781.
Tract Land called New Orleans 304 3/4 acres.
Consideration 500 Pounds.
Acknowledged before the Hon. William A. ATLEE,
one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of Pa. Aug 24
1781.

Witnesses Stephen CHAMBERS,
Morgan JENKINS
Recorded in Northumberland County Oct 13 1781 Book B page 286.

James WILSON and Hannah his
wife Deed to
Jacob ZOLL of Hamburgh
Windsor Township county of
Berks, Yoeman.
Date July 15th 1796.
Two tracts of land New Orleans And St. James,
400 acres.

Jacob ZOLL
to
Frederick HILL of
Richmond township in the said
county of Berks, Pa.
Yoeman.
Dated June 17th 1797.
Two tracts of land the whole of tract called New
Orleans 304 3/4 acres and part of the tract called St. James
in all 400 acres.
Consideration of 2500 Pounds Gold and Silver.
Witnesses Joseph HOCH, John SPYKER.
Acknowledged before James DIEMER one of the Judges of the Common Pleas of Berks County Pa. June 20th 1797.
Recorded on Northumberland County in deed Book K page 66 &c Jan. 23 1798.

The following is a copy of a legal opinion given to Frederick HILL of his purchase from Judge WILSON, and evidently relates to the purchase of the Fort Jenkins Tract.
"Frederick HILL, the purchaser of a tract of land in Northumberland county the title of which is derived from Judge WILSON generally asks my opinion whether or not judgments against said WILSON ca affect the aforesaid tract of land?
"To this I answer,
"1. That judgments against Mr. WILSON in the Court of Common Pleas in Philadelphia cannot.
"2. That judgments in the supreme court of Pennsylvania against Mr. WILSON upon action brought within the original jurisdiction of said court cannot.
"3. That judgments confessed in Northumberland county-or generally judgments rendered in said county will bind the land aforesaid.
"4. That judgments upon actions removed from any county into the supreme court will also bind the said land.
"But as Mr. WILSON has constantly resided in Philadelphia it is not probable that judgments of the 3rd and 4th description have been rendered against him, therefore, I think Mr. HILL safe in his purchase. June 3rd 1797.
(signed) Jno SPAYD."

Frederick HILL settled upon the site of Fort Jenkins in 1797 about seventeen years after the fort had been destroyed by the Indians. He was the son of Leonard HILL of near Kutztown, Berks county Pa. and was married to Catherine CONNOR a sister to John CONNOR the tanner, of Briarcreek. A good home had been built on the site of the destroyed fort by Judge WILSON to which Frederick HILL built a large addition and opened the Fort Jenkins Hotel, which he conducted until his death in 1823. In the year 1807 he was appointed a captain of the 6th company 112th Regt. Second Brigade of Ninth Division of the Militia of the counties of Northumberland and Luzerne. His commission bears date August the 3rd 1807, and was issued by the second governor of the State of Pennsylvania, Governor Thomas McKEAN. It is not known that a muster roll of Captain Frederick HILL's company is in existence although efforts have been made to find one; the following is a copy of a report found among his papers which gives the names of a number of persons who belonged to his company.

"Absendees of Capn. Freaderick HILLs Company the 112 Regemont of Northumberland County Millitea Commanded by Collonel Leonard Ruppert for not Attending Muster & Fild Days in October 1807.