Ancestors of Caden Michael Norquist

Forty-third Generation

8237426638528. Erik REFILSSON,³⁴⁰¹ son of Refil BJORNSSON and Unknown, was born in 814 in Sweden.

General Notes:
Son of Refil Bjornsson; father of Edmund Ericksson. [WFT Vol 5 Ped 3563]

Son of Refill Bjornsson; father of Emund Eriksson who m. ?? Regnersdatter. [Andrew Waite <[email protected], 25 Aug 2001]

Erik married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118713319264 i. Edmund ERIKSSON Of Sweden (born in 832 in Sweden - died in 873)

8237428597976. Adelgis Count Of PARMA ¹⁷⁸⁴ was born about 769 in Parma, Italy and died in 836 in Spoleto, Umbria, Italy about age 67. Another name for Adelgis was Adelgis Count Of Parma & SPOLETO.

Adelgis married.

8237428597998. Conte Unroch (Hunroch) I Margrave Of FRIULI,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,3117 son of Berenger Of FRIULI and Unknown, was born about 780 in Friuli, Italy and died before 854 ^¹⁷⁸⁴.

Unroch married Engeltron Of PARIS.³¹¹⁷ Engeltron was born about 786 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France.

8237428597999. Engeltron Of PARIS,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,3117 daughter of Begue I Count Of PARIS and Aupais Of FRANCE, was born about 786 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France.

Engeltron married Conte Unroch (Hunroch) I Margrave Of FRIULI ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784.^,3117 Unroch was born about 780 in Friuli, Italy and died before 854 ^¹⁷⁸⁴.

8237428598012. King Of Italy Lothaire I Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,2768 ^,3075 ^,3129 ^,3263 ^,3264 son of Louis I "The Pious" Emperor HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE Calolingian and Ermengarde De HESBAYE, was born in 795 in Altdorf, Bavaria, France,^{¹⁴³⁶^,2768^,3129} died on 29 September 855 in Abbey Of Pruem, Eifel, Rheinland, Prussia ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2321^,2768^,3129} at age 60, and was buried in St Sauveur, Manche, Normandie, France. Other names for Lothaire were Lothair I King Of GERMANY, Lothar I, Konge Av ITALIA, Lothaire I De Germanie, Empereur D' OCCIDENT, Lothair I, and Emperor Of The WEST.²⁷⁶⁸

General Notes: Holy Roman emperor (840-55), and eldest son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis I, the Pious, and grandson of Charlemagne. Lothair became coruler with his father in 817 and was crowned by the pope six years later. He twice conspired with his brothers in revolts against their father. In 839 Lothair received the eastern part of the empire in addition to Italy, which he had received in 822. After the death of Louis I, Lothair attempted to assert his power over his brothers, but he was defeated by them at Fontenoy, France, on June 25, 841. By the Treaty of Verdun (843), the title of Holy Roman emperor was guaranteed to Lothair, together with sovereignty over Italy, Burgundy, Alsace, Lorraine, and the Low Countries. After having divided his kingdom among his three sons, Lothair retired to a monastery. His second son, sometimes called Lothair II (circa 835-69), reigned from 855 to 869 over the kingdom of Lotharingia.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 843-855.

Lothaire married Empress Of Holy Roman Emp Ermengarde De TOURS ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,2772 ^,3263 on 15 October 821 in , Thionville, Moselle, France ²³²¹ ^,2768 ^,2772 ^,3126.^,3265 Ermengarde was born about 800 in Tours, Indre-Et-Loire, Touraine/Centre, France, died from 20 March 850 to 851 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2768^,2772} about age 50, and was buried in Abbaye D'erstein, Strasbourg, Alsace, France. Other names for Ermengarde were Irmgard, Irmengarde Of ALSACE, and Ermengarde Of ORLÉANS.²⁷⁶⁸

Lothaire next married Dode Queen Of ITALY ¹⁶⁰¹ about 815 in Unmarried. Dode was born in <Altdorf, Bavaria, France>.

8237428598013. Empress Of Holy Roman Emp Ermengarde De TOURS,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,2772 ^,3263 daughter of Hugues III Count Of Upper ALSACE and Ava Countess Of Upper ALSACE, was born about 800 in Tours, Indre-Et-Loire, Touraine/Centre, France, died from 20 March 850 to 851 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2768^,2772} about age 50, and was buried in Abbaye D'erstein, Strasbourg, Alsace, France. Other names for Ermengarde were Irmgard, Irmengarde Of ALSACE, and Ermengarde Of ORLÉANS.²⁷⁶⁸

Ermengarde married King Of Italy Lothaire I Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,3129 ^,3263 ^,3264 on 15 October 821 in , Thionville, Moselle, France ²³²¹ ^,2768 ^,2772 ^,3126.^,3265 Lothaire was born in 795 in Altdorf, Bavaria, France,^{¹⁴³⁶^,2768^,3129} died on 29 September 855 in Abbey Of Pruem, Eifel, Rheinland, Prussia ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2321^,2768^,3129} at age 60, and was buried in St Sauveur, Manche, Normandie, France. Other names for Lothaire were Lothair I King Of GERMANY, Lothar I, Konge Av ITALIA, Lothaire I De Germanie, Empereur D' OCCIDENT, Lothair I, and Emperor Of The WEST.²⁷⁶⁸

8237428598014. Erchanger, Count D' ALSACE ¹⁴⁴⁴ was born in 801.

Erchanger, married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118714299007 i. Engeberge Of ALSACE (born about 827 in France - died about 900)

8237428598273. Wiltrud (Amalrada) Von RINGLEHEIM,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1784 daughter of Immed Count Of SAXONY and Mathilda Of SAXONY, was born about 870 in Ringelheim, Goslar, Hannover, Prussia.

Wiltrud married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118714299136 i. Eberhard II Count Of LAHNGAU (born about 893 in Lahn River Valley, Hesse, Germany - died on 10 May 966)

Wiltrud married Eberhard Count Of Lower LAHNGAU,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 son of Gebhard Count Of NIEDERLANDGAU and Daughter Of Hunroch Of FRIULI. Eberhard was born in 863 in Of, Lahngau, Hessen-Nassau, Germany and died in 902 in Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany ^¹⁷⁸⁴ at age 39. Another name for Eberhard was Eberhard Count Of NIEDERLANDGAU.²⁹⁵²

8237428842370. Richard Fitzgilbert De CLARE & Tonbridge, Sir ⁴¹⁵ ^,635 ^,1403 ^,1404 ^,1405 was born before 1035 in Brionne, Eure, Normandy, France,^¹⁴⁰⁵ died in May 1089 in Clare, Risbridge, Suffolk, England ^{¹⁴⁰⁶^,1407}, and was buried in Priory Of St Neot, Cambridgeshire, England. Another name for Richard was 01st Lord Of CLARE Richard De Clare.

General Notes: Richard Fitz Gilbert; also known as "de Bienfaite" (from the quantity of his fiefs [so states BP, but CP states Richard was lord of Bienfate & Orbec in Normandy]), "de Clare" or "de Tonbridge" (from actual fiefs); went with his cousin William I the Conqueror to England and was granted 176 Lordships, 95 of them associated with the Honour (feudal unit of administration) of Clare, Suffolk, and others with Tonbridge, Kent. [Burke's Peerage]

-----------------------------

Observations. In the times of the Heptarchy the border fortress of Clare (Suffolk), on the confines of the Kingdoms of East Anglia and Essex, was of the greatest importance, and continued to be so or many centuries afterwards, when, it was granted by the Conqueror to Richard FitzGilbert. FitzGilbert's successors the earlier Lords of Clare were, "it is implied in the Lords' Reports [vol. iii, p. 124] and elsewhere, styled Earls of Clare before they were Earls of Hertford, but investigation disproves this," though doubtless, these Lords, after they obtained that Earldom, were according to the usage of the period, frequently styled "Earls of Clare," just as the Earls of Derby were styled "Earls Ferrers," &c. On account of the great importance of these feudal Barons, the earlier Lords of Clare, so frequently considered to have been actual Peers, a short account of them is subjoined, as under.

HOLDERS OF THE HONOUR OF CLARE (I) temp. William I

RICHARD FITZGILBERT, styled (from his possessions) " DE BIENFAITE," "DE CLARE," and "DE TONBRIDGE, was son of Gilbert, COUNT OF BRIONNE in Normandy, which Gilbert was son and heir of Godfrey, COUNT OF BRIONNE, illegitimate son of Richard, DUKE OF NORMANDY. He was born before 1035, was Lord of Bienfaite and Orbec in Normandy, accompanied his kinsman, William the Conqueror, into England, and was rewarded by him with no less than 176 Lordships, of which 95 were in Suffolk, attached to the Honour of Clare, which honour,, with the Castle of Clare, as also the Castle of Tonbridge in Kent, he obtained, becoming thus Lord of Clare and of Tonbridge. During the King's absence he was joint Chief justiciar, and, as such, suppressed the revolt of 1075.

He married Rohese, daughter of Walter GIFFARD, the elder, and aunt and heir of Walter [GIFFARD], 2nd Earl of Buckingham, through which match his descendants became co-heirs to the lands of that family. He was living 1081, but appears to have died about 1090 being buried at St. Neots, co. Huntingdon. His widow was living, as such, 1113. [Complete Peerage III:242, XIV:183, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

-----------------------------

Richard FitzGilbert, having accompanied the Conqueror into England, participated in the spoils of conquest and obtained extensive possessions in the new and old dominions of his royal leader and kinsman. In 1073 we find him joined under the designation of Ricardus de Benefacta, with William de Warren, in the great office of Justiciary of England, with whom, in three years afterwards, he was in arms against the rebellious lords Robert de Britolio, Earl of Hereford, and Ralph Waher, or Guarder, Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, and behaved with great gallantry. But afterwards, at the time of the General Survey, which was towards the close of William's reign, he is called Ricardus de Tonebruge, from his seat at Tonebruge (now Tunbridge) in Kent, which town and castle he obtained from the archbishop of Canterbury in lieu of the castle of Brion, at which time he enjoyed thirty-eight lordships in Surrey, thirty-five in Essex, three in Cambridgeshire, with some others in Wilts and Devon, and ninety-five in Suffolk, amongst those was Clare, whence he was occasionally styled Richard de Clare, and that place in a few years afterwards becoming the chief seat of the family, his descendants are said to have assumed thereupon the title of Earls of Clare. This great feudal lord m. Rohese, dau. of Walter Giffard, Earl of Buckingham, and had issue, Gilbert, his successor, Roger, Walter, Richard, Robert, a dau. m. to Ralph de Telgers, and a dau. mo. to Eudo Dapifer. Richard de Tonebruge, or de Clare, whose is said to have fallen in a skirmish with the Welsh, was s. by his eldest son, Gilbert de Tonebruge. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, London, 1883, p. 118, Clare, Lords of Clare, Earls of Hertford, Earls of Gloucester]

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, Abt 1090. ¹⁴⁰⁴ ^,1405

Richard married Rohese GIFFARD ¹⁴⁰⁴ ^,1405.^,1408 Rohese was born about 1036 in Longueville-Sur-Scie, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France and died after 1113 ^¹⁴⁰⁵.

8237428842371. Rohese GIFFARD ⁴¹⁵ ^,1404 ^,1405 ^,1408 was born about 1036 in Longueville-Sur-Scie, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France and died after 1113 ^¹⁴⁰⁵.

General Notes: He [Richard FitzGilbert de Clare] married Rohese, daughter of Walter GIFFARD, the elder, and aunt and heir of Walter [GIFFARD], 2nd Earl of Buckingham, through which match his descendants became co-heirs to the lands of that family. He was living 1081, but appears to have died about 1090 being buried at St. Neots, co. Huntingdon. His widow was living, as such, 1113. [Complete Peerage III:242, XIV:183, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

Noted events in her life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, After 1133. ¹⁴⁰⁷

Rohese married Richard Fitzgilbert De CLARE & Tonbridge, Sir ⁶³⁵ ^,1403 ^,1404.^,1405 Richard was born before 1035 in Brionne, Eure, Normandy, France,^¹⁴⁰⁵ died in May 1089 in Clare, Risbridge, Suffolk, England ^{¹⁴⁰⁶^,1407}, and was buried in Priory Of St Neot, Cambridgeshire, England. Another name for Richard was 01st Lord Of CLARE Richard De Clare.

8237428842394. William I "The Great" Count Of Macon & BURGUNDY,⁴¹⁵ ^,670 ^,1670 ^,1984 son of Rainald I, Count Palatine Of BURGUNDY and Princess & Countess Of Bu Adelais (Judith) De NORMANDY, was born about 1024 in Macon, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France and died on 12 November 1087 ^{¹⁹⁸⁵^,1986} about age 63.

William married Stephanie (Etiennette) De LONGWY ¹⁹⁸⁷ ^,1988 ^,1989 before 1060. Stephanie was born about 1035 in Longwy, Meurthe-Et-Moselle, Lorraine, France ^¹⁹⁸⁸ and died on 30 June 1109 about age 74.

8237428842395. Stephanie (Etiennette) De LONGWY,⁴¹⁵ ^,670 ^,1987 ^,1988 ^,1989 daughter of Adalbert III Count LONGWY Duke Upper Lorraine and Clemence De FOIX, was born about 1035 in Longwy, Meurthe-Et-Moselle, Lorraine, France ^¹⁹⁸⁸ and died on 30 June 1109 about age 74.

General Notes: Despite many sources that indicate this pedigree including Stephanie/Etienette's mother and father, her mother did not exist, and her father may not have married or had children. Clemence de Foix was "calculated to have existed" based on certain evidence which proved false. Some people think that Stephanie/Etienette was Ettienette, daughter of one of the Ramon Berenger, Counts of Barcelona. I am leaving the pedigree in place for these three people until more information is available.

Leo van de Pas, citing ES, still has Stephanie de Longwy, daughter of Adalbert (by unknown wife), as wife of William.

Noted events in her life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, After 1088. ¹⁹⁸⁸

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, After 1092. ¹⁹⁸⁹

Stephanie married William I "The Great" Count Of Macon & BURGUNDY ¹⁶⁷⁰ ^,1984 before 1060. William was born about 1024 in Macon, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France and died on 12 November 1087 ^{¹⁹⁸⁵^,1986} about age 63.

8237428842396. Gerhard IV Duke Of Alsace Upper LORRAINE,⁴¹⁵ ^,2497 ^,2638 ^,2812 son of Gerhard II Count Of METZ and Gisella Of ALSACE, was born about 1010 in Alsace & Lorraine, France and died on 4 April 1070 in Remiremont, Vosges, France ^²⁴⁹⁷ about age 60.

Gerhard married Hadwide De NAMUR ²⁴⁹⁷ ^,2812.^,2854 Hadwide was born before 1012 in Namur, Belgium and died about 1080 ^²⁴⁹⁷.

8237428842397. Hadwide De NAMUR,⁴¹⁵ ^,2497 ^,2812 ^,2854 daughter of Albert I Comte De NAMUR and Ermengarde Of Lower LORRAINE, was born before 1012 in Namur, Belgium and died about 1080 ^²⁴⁹⁷.

Hadwide married Gerhard IV Duke Of Alsace Upper LORRAINE ²⁴⁹⁷ ^,2638.^,2812 Gerhard was born about 1010 in Alsace & Lorraine, France and died on 4 April 1070 in Remiremont, Vosges, France ^²⁴⁹⁷ about age 60.

8237428842412. Stephen I De Blois King Of ENGLAND,⁶⁷⁰ ^,1007 ^,3402 son of Stephen "Le Sage" Comte De Champagne & BLOIS and Adela Of NORMANDY Princess Of England, was born about 1097 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France,^³⁴⁰³ died on 25 October 1154 in Dover, Kent, England ^³⁴⁰² about age 57, and was buried in Count Of Blois.

General Notes: [Source: Who's Who in the Middle Ages, John Fines, Barnes & Noble Books, New York, 1995]

Stephen, future king of England, was born about the year 1096. His mother was Adela, daughter of William the Conqueror, and heir to all his strength of will and temper. His father was Stephen Count of Blois and Chartres, a boastful character who had made himself the laughing stock of Europe by running away from the siege of Antioch after having been made commander-in-chief there.

Adela's two favored sons, Stephen and Henry, were both to find their fortunes in England. Henry, a Cluniac monk, quickly accumulated Glastonbury, the richest abbey, and Winchester, the second richest diocese in England, and set out on his career of financial wizardry and ecclesiastical statesmanship. A man of rare power, vision and tact, he was infinitely more attuned to great responsibilities than his brother.

Stephen had a ready charm, and his gay and seemingly open nature made him a great success at court. His uncle Henry I loaded favours on him: he was given estates in England of some half a million acres, and made a favourable marriage to the rich heiress of the Count of Boulogne. Matilda was to be both a loyal and an able wife.

In 1136 Henry died, and though he had made all his barons swear fealty to his daughter Matilda before his death, Stephen now moved speedily to get himself accepted as King in England. His brother swayed the Church to his side, the Londoners were bought with a substantial grant of privileges, and the Norman barons were persuaded that a woman ruler of well-known arrogance and intractability, married to the leader of the Normans' traditional enemies, the Angevins, would be no good prospect for England.

Stephen's dash and promises carried him through for a while, but quickly enough people discovered his faults: he was tricky, changeable, often stupidly weak; he simply could not be relied upon, nor could he trust others. In 1139 Matilda landed, and her bastard brother Robert of Gloucester opened the West to her. During the next eight years she was to win defectors from Stephen's bad government.

In 1141, at Lincoln, Stephen's barons deserted him in battle, and he fell prisoner to Matilda. But she proved as unhappy a mistress as Stephen had been master, and many people were glad when Robert of Gloucester was captured by Stephen's Queen at the rout of Winchester, and Matilda was forced to release Stephen to get him back.

Many barons favoured this dual situation in which they could bargain for their services, and live as war-lords. Castles sprung up all over the land, and in many parts a dreadful anarchy reigned, so that many people openly declared that Christ and his Saints were asleep, and the Devil ruled.

Matilda's son Henry had twice invaded and been repulsed in 1147 and 1149, but when he came again in 1153 he was backed by a tremendous accumulation of continental power. The death of Stephen's son Eustace prompted him to negotiate with the young Duke, and he was encouraged in this by the urgings of the Church and of the Norman barons who wished to regain their continental estates now under Henry's control. So Matilda's son was made heir, and for a further year Stephen ruled, in peace at last, until his death in October 1154. He was buried in his abbey of Faversham.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 1135-1154.

Stephen married Unknown MISTRESS. Unknown was born about 1097 in France.

The child from this marriage was:

i. Sibylla FITZSTEPHEN was born about 1115 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France.

Stephen next married Matilda Countess Of BOULOGNE ¹⁰⁰⁷ ^,3404 about 1120.³⁴⁰⁴ Matilda was born about 1105 in Boulogne-Sur-Mer, Artois/Pas-DE-Calais, France ^³⁴⁰⁵ and died on 3 May 1152 in Hedingham Castle, Kent, England ^³⁴⁰⁴ about age 47.

Children from this marriage were:

4118714421206 i. Eustace IV Count Of BOULOGNE (born about 1120 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France - died on 10 August 1153 in Boulogne-Sur-Mer, Artois/Pas-DE-Calais, France (Dvp))

ii. William De BLOIS 4th Earl Of Surrey was born between 1132 and 1137 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France ^¹⁸⁰⁷ and died in October 1159 in Hospital Of Montmorillon, Poitou, France ^¹⁸⁰⁷ about age 26. Another name for William was 04th Earl Of SURREY William De Blois.

iii. Maud Princess Of ENGLAND was born in 1134 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France,^¹⁷²¹ died before 1141 in (Dsp) ^¹⁷²¹, and was buried in Holy Trinity, Aldgate, London, England. Another name for Maud was Maud De BLOIS.

iv. Mary De BLOIS Abbess was born in 1136 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France,^³⁴⁰⁶ died on 25 July 1183 in Montreuil, Artois/Pas-DE-Calais, France ^⁶⁶⁸ at age 47, and was buried in St. Austrebert, Eure-Et-Loir, Beauce/Centre, France.

8237428842413. Matilda Countess Of BOULOGNE,⁶⁷⁰ ^,1007 ^,3404 daughter of Eustace III Count Of BOULOGNE and Mary STEWART Princess Of Scotland, was born about 1105 in Boulogne-Sur-Mer, Artois/Pas-DE-Calais, France ^³⁴⁰⁵ and died on 3 May 1152 in Hedingham Castle, Kent, England ^³⁴⁰⁴ about age 47.

Matilda married Stephen I De Blois King Of ENGLAND ¹⁰⁰⁷ ^,3402 about 1120.³⁴⁰⁴ Stephen was born about 1097 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France,^³⁴⁰³ died on 25 October 1154 in Dover, Kent, England ^³⁴⁰² about age 57, and was buried in Count Of Blois.

8237428846656. Sigurd "Snake Eye" Ragnarsson King Of DENMARK,⁵⁰⁵ ^,662 ^,2955 ^,3283 son of Ragnar "Lodbrok" Sigurdsson DENMARK and Aslaug Sigurdsdatter NORWAY, was born about 776 in Jutland, Denmark and died in 830 in Northumbria, England about age 54. Other names for Sigurd were Sigwd Snake-In-Eye, Sigurd II Ragnarson, and Sigurd RAGNARSSON.

General Notes:
Danish king; son of Ragnar Sigurdsson and Aslaug Sigurdsdottir; father of Horda Canute, king of Sjaelland. [GRS 3.03, Automated Archives, CD#100]

Son of Ragnar Lodbrok and Aslog; known as "Snake-in-Eye. [Historical Tales - Scandinavia, p. 29]

Son of Harold Hildetand; father of Harda Knut. [A. H. Burgess]

b. 786, d. 873; son of Ragnar Lodbrock and Aslaug Sigurdsdottir; m. Heluna Princess of England; father of:
1. Thora who m. Ragnald Gudrodsson and Helgi Olafsson
2. Aslaug who m. Helgi Fridleifsson
3. Canute
[Terry Walters <[email protected], 2 Nov 2001]

Sigurd married Heluna Bjäju ELLUSDATTER Princess Of England about 799 in Jutland, Denmark. Heluna was born in 784 in England.

8237428846657. Heluna Bjäju ELLUSDATTER Princess Of England ⁵⁰⁵ was born in 784 in England.

General Notes:
b. 784; dau. of Ellu; m. Sigurd 'Snake-in-Eye' Ragnarson. [Andrew Waite <[email protected], 25 Aug 2001]

Dau of Ellu av Danmark; m. Sigurd II Snake in Eye av Seeland, König von Dänemark; mother of Tora, Aslaug and Horda-Knut. [Dirk Peters <[email protected], 15 Jul 2002]

Heluna married Sigurd "Snake Eye" Ragnarsson King Of DENMARK ⁶⁶² ^,2955 ^,3283 about 799 in Jutland, Denmark. Sigurd was born about 776 in Jutland, Denmark and died in 830 in Northumbria, England about age 54. Other names for Sigurd were Sigwd Snake-In-Eye, Sigurd II Ragnarson, and Sigurd RAGNARSSON.

8237453744194. Louis I "The Pious" Emperor HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE Calolingian,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,3119 ^,3120 ^,3121 ^,3122 ^,3123 ^,3124 son of King Of The Franks Charlemagne Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE and Countess Of Vinzgau Hildegard Empress Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE, was born in August 778 in Chasseneuil, Lot-Et-Garonne Near Poitiers, Aquitaine, France,^{¹⁴³⁶^,3120^,3124} died on 20 June 840 in Petersaue, Ingelheim Am Rhein, Rhineland Palatinate, Germany ^{²³²³^,3120^,3124^,3125} at age 61, and was buried in Aachen Cathedral, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.^³¹²⁶ Other names for Louis were Louis I The Fair, Ludwig Den Fromme, Louis I De FRANCE,³¹²⁰ Louis I King Of FRANCE, Louis I The Pious Of Aquitaine, King Of FRANCE,¹⁴³⁶ Louis I, King Of The LOMBARDS, Louis I Le Pieux Carolingien, and Em;Ereur D' OCCIDENT.

General Notes:
Called The Pious (778-840), Holy Roman emperor (814-40), king of France (814-40), king of Germany (814-40), and king of Aquitaine (781-840). He was the son of Charlemagne, king of the Franks. In 817 Louis made plans providing for the posthumous division of the Carolingian Empire among his three surviving sons, Lothair I, Holy Roman emperor, Louis II, king of Germany, and Charles II, Holy Roman emperor. His reign, however, was troubled by quarrels with his sons, who were dissatisfied with his arrangements for the succession. Louis was physically strong but was easily influenced and was unequal to administering the large empire that he inherited from his father.

In 781, at age 2, Louis I, "Le Pieux", was crowned and anointed King of Aquitaine by Pope Hadrian I, at the same time as his older brother Pepin was made King of Italy. Louis, whose twin brother had died at birth, was the third of Charlemagne's sons by his wife Hildegard. The Diviso Regni of 806indicates that Louis was to have Aquitaine as an independent kingdom upon his father's death. Aquitaine was in effect a March; for much of Louis' reign as sub-king he and his officials were occupied in quelling Gascon revolts and launching offensives into Spain. Unrest had never completely died out in the Pyrenees since the annexation of Aquitaine in 768, and more especially after the disastrous ambush of the Frankish vanguard in Roncesvalles in 778. In about 788, Chorso, Duke of Toulouse was captured by a Gascon named Adelric, and then released after being forced to swear an oath of allegiance to the Gascon or Basque leader. In 793, the Sarracens invaded Septimania, burned the suburbs of Narbonne and marched on Carcassonne, but in 795 Bahlul-ben-Machluc sued with Louis for peace. In 800, he successfully laid siege to Barcelona and subsequently captured Tortosa, Huesca and Pamplona and formed links with the Kingdom of the Asturias. Baptized: on 15 Apr 781; On 15 April 781, Louis was baptized by Pope Hadrian I in Rome. The next day, Easter Sunday, he was confirmed in his title of King of Aquitaine. Married in 794: Ermengarde d'Esbay, daughter of Engueran=Ingram, Count d'Esbay.

Note - between 800 and 837: Louis I established monasteries in Nouaille (a cell of St. Hilaire of Poitiers), Gellone and St. Martin-de-Tours.

After the death of his brothers Pepin and Charles in 810 and 811 respectively, Louis was crowned at Aachen on 13 September 813, Emperor and heir to all of Charlemagne's lands, by Charlemagne himself without any assistance nor even the presence of the Pope. All sources, Frankish as well as papal, refer to Louis as emperor from then on. Charlemagne died 5 months later. All of Louis' sisters were required to quit the palace and retire to their own estates. His cousins, the offsprings of Bernard (Pepin III's half brother) were exhiled: Louis forced Count Wala to become a monk at Corbie; Adalhard was exhiled to Noirmoutier to be held there in custody by the Abbot; Bernhard returned to Lerin and Gundrada had to retreat to St. Radegund's convent of Sainte Croix in Poitiers. Only Theodrada was left unmolested as abbess of Notre Dame at Soissons. Louis I was also known as Louis, "Le Pieux". On 27 February 814, upon learning of the death of his father, and at the age of 36 years, he left Doue-la-Fontaine, in Anjou, to go to Aix-la-Chapelle.

This new emperor, enterred this capital, and poised himself in front of the tomb of Charlemagne. So oversome with grief, his forehead touched the stone floor of the church. Hence the name "Le Pieux". Since he was kind, relative to his times, he was also known as "Le Debonnaire". For himself, he preferred to adopt the title "by divine Providence, Emperor Augustus". When Pope Leo died in May of 816, Stephen IV was elected Pope, and crowned Louis the Emperor on Sunday 5 October by placing a crown on his head during mass at Rheims. He also secured the release of some Roman exhiles in Francia. This crowning was among the first attempts to integrate the Papacy into the institutional framework of the Empire. Louis, 'lest he be led astray in satisfying the natural desires of the body' married Ermengarde, daughter of Count Ingramn. Charlemagne established Doue-la-Fontaine, Chasseneuil (Louis' birthplace), Angeac and Ebreuil as royal residences to maintain Louis and his household. At an assembly in Aachen in July 817, Louis made provisions for his sons' inheritance through the "Ordinatio Imperii". In his preface he states that the unity of the empire preserved for Louis by God should not be destroyed by men. Lothar was given the title of emperor, and as co-ruler with his father at once made heir to the empire, and appointed King of Italy in the event of his father's death. Bernard, then King of Italy was not mentioned, but the implication is that Bernard would be subordinate to Lothar should Louis die. Pepin was made King of Aquitaine (plus Gascony, Toulouse, Carcassonne, Autun, Avallon and Nevers) and Louis, The German, was made King of Bavaria (plus Carinthia, Bohemia, the lands of the Avars and Slavs and the royal manors of Lauterhofen and Ingolstadt). Pepin and Louis were to meet on an annual basis with Lothar to consult and together find "measures to take in the interest of perpetual peace". They could neither start a war nor marry without the approval of their elder brother. Lothar even had the right to de-throne them after three warnings. That same year, 817, Stephen IV obtains his political independence, thus severing the tie between Rome and the Frank Empire as conceived by Charlemagne. The arrangement was neat and all contingencies covered except for the one which took place. After his first wife's (Ermengarde) death, Louis, in 819, married the beautiful Bavarian Judith, daughter of Comte Welf of Bavaria. On 13 June 823 she gave birth to a son. He was called Charles. In September, 824, forgetting his nickname "Le Debonnaire", Louis totally ravages the Bretagne which was rebelling. In 829, at the General Assembly convoked in Worms (Wurm), Louis announces that he is forging a Duchy for his son, Charles, and gives him Alamania, Alsace, Rhetia, and part of Burgundy. The Co-Emperor Lothar, disagrees and has his name removed from imperial decrees and diplomas. Toward the end of 829, the political scene gets very complicated with allegations that Judith had intimate rapports with Bernard, Count of Barcelone, and ultimately desiring the death of the three sons of Hirmingarde. In Mai of 830, in Compiegne, Lothar and Pepin of Aquitaine lead a revolt. Louis is forced to cede on every point of contention. The apanage of the young Charles is eliminated, Judith is locked up in Poitiers at the Monastery of Sainte-Radegonde. In 831, the bishops would note how she had a talent for converting men's hearts and souls, and would allow her to rejoin her husband. In 832, Pepin and Louis revolt against their father. On 24 June 833, the Army of Louis Le Pieux faces those of the rebels. The field of battle in Rothfeld would be named the Field of the Lie (Lugenfeld). The Emperor and his sons begin negotiations. The night of 29 to 30 June, it is clear that the supporters of Louis would be influenced by his three sons. On the morning of 30 June, Louis would have to surrender. It would not be until 1 October that Louis would be deposed by the Assembly led by Agobard, Archbishop of Lyon and Eblon, Archbishop of Reims. On 7 October, Judith is sent to the Monastery of Tortone, Bernard to Prum, and Louis to the Monastery of Saint-Medard-de-Soissons, where in public ceremony, he is forced to lay down his sword, stripped of royal vestments, he is made to don the coarse cloth of a penitent. In 834, Louis and Pepin, tired of being under the control of their brother Lothar, decide to free their father. On 28 February, they succeed in freeing their father and in August in Blois, Lothar swears to Louis Le Pieux, that he would never leave Italy except by his direct command. Throughout 834, the Normands -- Danes, Swedes and Norwegians -- resume their raids. On 28 February 835, the General Assembly proclaims that Louis was innocent of all previous accusations thus clearing the way for him to be re-established as Emperor on the Throne at Saint-Stephen of Metz.

In 837, thanks to the intercessions of Judith, Charles "Le Chauve", receives a Kingdom composed of Frisia, between the Seine, the Meuse and the sea and in September 838, he receives the crown at Quierzy-sur-Oise. In 838, Marseille is devastated by the Sarrasins. On 30 May 839, the Empire is divided in half, with Lothar taking the East, and Charles' lands extend through Provence, Lyon, Toul and Geneva and all the lands of the West. Louis "the German", gets to keep only Bavaria. Married in 819: Judith de Baviere (3628), daughter of Welf II, Count de Baviere and Egilwich=Heilwig, Abbess de Challes ; Louis married Judith upon the death of his first wife, Ermengarde. She bore him a son named Charles in 823. It is clear that Louis was as fond of Charles as Jacob was of his Benjamin. Died: on 22 Jun 840 in Ingelheim, Germany, at age 61 In 840, while attempting to keep Louis "the German" in line, Louis "Le Pieux" is taken ill in Salz. Feeling near death, he sends Lothar his sword and the crown on the condition that he would be loyal to Judith and abide by the lands division agreed to in Worms in 839. He died on an island, near Ingelheim on 22 June. 309. Judith de Baviere (Andre Roux: Scrolls, 191.)

(Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 130, Line 171-40.)
(Rosamond, Frankish kingdom under Carolingians, Page 136).

Married Name: de France. Born: circa 800 in Altdorf, Bavaria, daughter of Welf II, Count de Baviere (3626) and Egilwich=Heilwig, Abbess de Challes . Married in 819: Louis I, King de France , son of Charlemagne, Rex Francorum et Langobardorum and Hildegard, Countess de Linzgau ; Louis married Judith upon the death of his first wife, Ermengarde. She bore him a son named Charles in 823. It is clear that Louis was as fond of Charles as Jacob was of his Benjamin. Died: on 19 Apr 843 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 814-840.

Louis married Ermengarde De HESBAYE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,3124 in 794 in France ¹⁴³⁶ ^,3127.^,3128 Ermengarde was born in 778 in Hesbaye, Liege, Belgium and died on 3 October 818 in Angers, Maine-Et-Loire, Anjou/Pays-DE-La-Loire, France ^{³¹²⁰^,3124^,3127} at age 40. Other names for Ermengarde were Ermengarde, Ermengard Av HASPENGAU, Yrmingard Av HASPENGAU, and Irmengard Of HESBAIN.¹⁴³⁶

Louis next married Empress Of Holy Roman Emp Judith Altdorf The Fair, Princess Of BAVARIA ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,3124 from 2 February 818 to 19 in Aix La Chapell, Austrasia ¹⁴³⁶ ^,2321 ^,2323 ^,3120.^,3124 Judith was born in 800 in Altdorf, Bavaria and died on 19 April 843 in Tours, Indre-Et-Loire, Touraine/Centre, France ^{¹⁴³⁶^,1784^,2323^,3120^,3127} at age 43. Other names for Judith were Judith Von ALTDORF, Judith Von ALTORF, Judith Of ALTORP, Judith Of Bavaria, and Abbess Of CHALLES.

Louis next married Various CONCUBINE(S).

8237453744195. Ermengarde De HESBAYE,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,3122 ^,3124 daughter of Ingeramne Duke Of HESBAYE and Mrs-Ingeramme Duchess Of HESBAYE, was born in 778 in Hesbaye, Liege, Belgium and died on 3 October 818 in Angers, Maine-Et-Loire, Anjou/Pays-DE-La-Loire, France ^{³¹²⁰^,3124^,3127} at age 40. Other names for Ermengarde were Ermengarde, Ermengard Av HASPENGAU, Yrmingard Av HASPENGAU, and Irmengard Of HESBAIN.¹⁴³⁶

Ermengarde married Louis I "The Pious" Emperor HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE Calolingian ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,3124 in 794 in France ¹⁴³⁶ ^,3127.^,3128 Louis was born in August 778 in Chasseneuil, Lot-Et-Garonne Near Poitiers, Aquitaine, France,^{¹⁴³⁶^,3120^,3124} died on 20 June 840 in Petersaue, Ingelheim Am Rhein, Rhineland Palatinate, Germany ^{²³²³^,3120^,3124^,3125} at age 61, and was buried in Aachen Cathedral, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.^³¹²⁶ Other names for Louis were Louis I The Fair, Ludwig Den Fromme, Louis I De FRANCE,³¹²⁰ Louis I King Of FRANCE, Louis I The Pious Of Aquitaine, King Of FRANCE,¹⁴³⁶ Louis I, King Of The LOMBARDS, Louis I Le Pieux Carolingien, and Em;Ereur D' OCCIDENT.

8237453744196. Roricon Count Of MAINE,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3360 son of Gozlin I Comte Du MAINE and Adeltrude, was born about 770 in Maine, , France and died from 1 March 838 to 39 in Y about age 68.

General Notes:
Note: Laurent Ohier has Roricon I & II as one person, d. 841, who married both Rotrude & Blichilde. I have him as two different persons.

Roricon married Rotrude Princess Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE,¹⁶⁰¹ daughter of King Of The Franks Charlemagne Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE and Countess Of Vinzgau Hildegard Empress Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE, in Not Married. Rotrude was born in August 774 in Of, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia and died on 6 June 810 at age 35.

Roricon next married Rotrude CAROLINGIAN ³³⁶⁰ in 800. Rotrude was born about 775 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and died on 6 June 810 about age 35.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872098 i. Roricon II (Rorick) Comte Du MAINE (born in 804 in Maine, France - died in 858)

8237453744197. Rotrude CAROLINGIAN,⁵⁰⁵ ^,3360 daughter of King Of The Franks Charlemagne Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE and Countess Of Vinzgau Hildegard Empress Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE, was born about 775 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and died on 6 June 810 about age 35.

General Notes: The following was given in a post-em by Curt Hofemann, [email protected]:

ID: I27025 Rotrude Carolingian 1
Birth: ABT 775 in Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia

Father: Charlemagne I Holy Roman Emperor b: 2 APR 742 in Ingelheim, Rheinhessan, Hesse-Darmstadt
Mother: Hildegard of Swabia b: 758 in Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia

Again: the geopolitical entities of Rhineland, Prussia & Rheinhessan, Hesse-Darmstadt did not exist until about a thousand years later, lasted about 100 years & since 1945 no longer exist. You have been using modern designations for French locations = Town, Department, Region, France. To do the same with these 2 places, it would be (in English): Aachen, Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany & Ingelheim am Rhein, Mainz-Bingen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

I think maybe I'm being a pain in the neck about this, so will not bring it up again.

Regards,
Curt

Rotrude married Roricon Count Of MAINE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3360 in 800. Roricon was born about 770 in Maine, , France and died from 1 March 838 to 39 in Y about age 68.

8237453744272. William I Count Of TOULOUSE Saint,⁴¹⁵ ^,662 ^,1529 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,2766 ^,2960 ^,2961 ^,2962 ^,2963 ^,2964 ^,2965 son of Thierry (Theodoric) Count Of AUTUN and Auda (Aldane) MARTEL, was born about 751 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrenees, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died on 28 May 812 in Gellone Monastery, Aniane, Herault, Languedoc, France ^{²⁵⁶³^,2766} about age 61. Other names for William were St. Guilhem Or St. William, and William I Count Of AUTUN.

General Notes:
St. William, (Gellone, Isaac), Count of Toulouse and Gellone, Marquis of Septimania 790-c.822. Founder of the Abbey of Gellone; his banner bore on its field one or more lions (of Judah?) [Descents From Antiquity; The Augustan Society, Inc., Torrance, CA, 1986; chart W-5]

Son of Thierry, Count of Autun, and Aude of Francia; m. Guibour of Hornbach; father of Bernard, Marquis of Septimania. [GRS 3.03, Automated Archives, CD#100]

Count of Toulouse; son of Theodoric and Aldane; m. Auberge; father of Bernard, Count de Toulouse, who m. Duodene, dau. of Charlemagne. [The Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 4]

Count of Toulouse; father of Wialdruth. [Ancestral Roots, p. 50]

The Frankish protectorate extended naturally from positions north of the Pyrenees. The key figure was Count Guilhem of Toulouse (d. 812), a cousin of Charlemagne, whose first wife was probably a Visigoth, and who retired to the monastic life in 806 (he was later canonized) after valiant campaigns against the Moors. From his time date monastic foundations at Arles, Sant Andreu de Dureda, and Sant Genis de Fontanes in the Vallespir and the restoration of Gerri in upper Pallars; in most of these may be discerned the influence of the reformed Frankish observance of Benedict of Aniane. Saint Guilhem and his sons, in shifting and turbulent combinations, administered nine of the fourteen counties that later constituted Catalonia. [The Medieval Crown of Aragon, p. 19-21]

Son of Albane/Aube de Herstal (de Francie) and Theodoric (Thierry) IV D'Autun (or de Razes) aka Makir Abibai; m. Guibourg de Herbauges (Hornbach) D'Austrasie; m. Cunegonde D'Austrasie. [Patrick de Sercey <[email protected], 3 Feb 2002]

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, 844. ¹⁵²⁹

William married Gilbour Of HORNBACH, daughter of Lambert I Count Of HORNBACH and Unknown, in 1st Wife. Gilbour was born about 760 in Hornbach, Prussia and died before 803.

William next married Kunigunde (Auberge) ¹⁵²⁹ ^,2563 before 796 in 2ND Wife.¹⁵²⁹ Kunigunde was born about 775 in France.

8237453744273. Kunigunde (Auberge) ⁴¹⁵ ^,1529 ^,2563 was born about 775 in France.

Kunigunde married William I Count Of TOULOUSE Saint ⁶⁶² ^,1529 ^,1601 ^,2766 ^,2960 ^,2961 ^,2962 ^,2963 ^,2964 ^,2965 before 796 in 2ND Wife.¹⁵²⁹ William was born about 751 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrenees, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died on 28 May 812 in Gellone Monastery, Aniane, Herault, Languedoc, France ^{²⁵⁶³^,2766} about age 61. Other names for William were St. Guilhem Or St. William, and William I Count Of AUTUN.

8237453744274. Sancho Loupez Duke\Prince Of GASCONY,²⁵⁶³ son of Loup IV (Llop\Lupus) Centull Duke Of GASCONY and Miss De CANTABRIA, was born about 772 in Gascony, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died in 816 in Aragon, Spain (In Battle) ^²⁵⁶³ about age 44.

Sancho married Miss AZNAREZ.²⁵⁶³ Miss was born about 788 in Aragon, Spain.

Children from this marriage were:

i. Sancho I SANCHEZ was born about 803 in Spain and died in 864 about age 61.

4118726872137 ii. Dhuoda Of GASCONY Countess Of Agen & Septimania (born about 804 in Gascony, France - died after 2 February 842-843)

8237453744275. Miss AZNAREZ,²⁵⁶³ daughter of Aznar Galindez I Count Of ARAGON and Unknown, was born about 788 in Aragon, Spain.

Miss married Sancho Loupez Duke\Prince Of GASCONY.²⁵⁶³ Sancho was born about 772 in Gascony, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died in 816 in Aragon, Spain (In Battle) ^²⁵⁶³ about age 44.

8237453744276. Warin Count Of CHALONS Count Of Macon,²⁵⁶³ son of Isembhard Count In The THURGAU and Unknown, was born about 777 in Chalons, Champagne, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died in 853 in Macon, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France about age 76.

Warin married Alba Of AUTUN.²⁵⁶³ Alba was born in 780 in Autun, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France.^²⁵⁶³

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872138 i. Bernard I Comte D' AUVERGNE (born in 815 in Auvergne, France - died in 868)

8237453744277. Alba Of AUTUN,²⁵⁶³ daughter of Theodoen Count Of AUTUN and Unknown, was born in 780 in Autun, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France.^²⁵⁶³

Alba married Warin Count Of CHALONS Count Of Macon.²⁵⁶³ Warin was born about 777 in Chalons, Champagne, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died in 853 in Macon, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France about age 76.

8237453744296. Konstantinos MAMIKONID ¹⁴⁴⁴ was born in 785.

Konstantinos married Pancalo BAGATRID.

Children from this marriage were:

4118726872148 i. Basileos I The Macedonian, Emperor Of BYZANTIUM (born in 818 in Adrianople, Adria, Turkey - died on 29 August 886)

ii. Bardas, Magistros MAMIKONIAN was born about 830.

8237453744297. Pancalo BAGATRID .¹⁴⁴⁴

Pancalo married Konstantinos MAMIKONID. Konstantinos was born in 785.

8237453744298. Inger MARTINAKIOS Of Byzantium ⁵⁰⁵ ^,1444 was born about 812 in Byzantium. Another name for Inger was Igor.

Inger married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872149 i. Ingerina Of CONSTANTINOPLE (born about 840 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire - died in 883)

8237453744324. King Of The Franks Charlemagne Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3279 ^,3280 ^,3281 son of Pepin III "The Short" King Of FRANKS and Queen Of France Berthe (Bertrade) Countess Of LAON, was born on 2 April 742 in Ingelheim, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia,^{³²⁷⁹^,3280} was christened in St Denis, Paris, Seine, France, died from 28 January 813 to 814 in Aix-La-Chapelle, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia ^{³²⁷⁹^,3280} at age 70, and was buried in Aachen Cathedral, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia. Other names for Charlemagne were Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor, and Charles The Great.

General Notes:
Charlemagne, or Charles the Great, CAROLINGIAN king of the FRANKS, came to rule over most of Europe and assumed (800) the title of Roman emperor. He is sometimes regarded as the founder of the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE. In 768 he and his brother Carloman inherited the Frankish kingdom (most of present-day France and a part of western Germany) from their father PEPIN THE SHORT. The entire kingdom passed to Charlemagne when Carloman died in 771. He inherited great wealth and a strong military organization from his father and brother. He used these assets to double the territory under Carolingian control. In 772 he opened his offensive against the SAXONS, and for more than three decades he pursued a ruthless policy aimed at subjugating them and converting them to Christianity. Almost every year Charlemagne attacked one or another region of Saxon territory. --4,500 Saxons were executed on a single day in 782--and deportations were used to discourage the stubborn. The Saxons proved to be a far more difficult enemy than any of the other peoples subjugated by Charlemagne. For example, the LOMBARDS were conquered in a single extended campaign 773-74), after which Charlemagne assumed the title "king of the Lombards." In 788 he absorbed the duchy of Bavaria, and soon thereafter he launched an offensive against the AVAR empire. The Avars succumbed within a decade, yielding Charlemagne a vast hoard of gold and silver. After one disastrous campaign (778) against the Muslims in Spain, Charlemagne left the southwestern front to his son Louis, (later Emperor LOUIS I) who, with the help of local Christian rulers, conquered Barcelona in 801 and controlled much of Catalonia by 814. On Christmas Day, 800, Charlemagne accepted the title of emperor and was crowned by Pope LEO III. For several years after he regarded the imperial title of being of little value. Moreover, he intended to divide his lands and titles among his sons, as was the Frankish custom. At his death on Jan. 28, 814, however, only one son, Louis, survived; Louis therefore assumed control of the entire Frankish empire.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 800-814.

Charlemagne married Countess Of Vinzgau Hildegard Empress Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3280 ^,3281 about 772 in Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia.³²⁸⁰ Hildegard was born about 757 in Of, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia,^³²⁸⁰ died on 30 April 783 in Thionville, Moselle, Lorraine, France ^³²⁸⁰ about age 26, and was buried in St Arnoul Abbey, Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France (Austrasia).

Charlemagne next married Countess Of France Fastrade Empress Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ in 783 in , Worms. Fastrade was born in <Ingelheim, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia> and died in Y.

Charlemagne next married Queen Of France Luttgarde Empress Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ after 794. Luttgarde was born in Ingelheim, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia and died in 800.

Charlemagne next married Concubine 3 Regina (Reginopycrha) HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,2069 about 793 in Unmarried. Regina was born in 770 in Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia.

Charlemagne next married Himiltrude ³⁰⁸⁵ in No Marriage. Himiltrude was born in 746 in Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia.

8237453744325. Concubine 3 Regina (Reginopycrha) HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ⁵⁰⁵ ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,2069 was born in 770 in Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia.

Regina married King Of The Franks Charlemagne Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3279 ^,3280 ^,3281 about 793 in Unmarried. Charlemagne was born on 2 April 742 in Ingelheim, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia,^{³²⁷⁹^,3280} was christened in St Denis, Paris, Seine, France, died from 28 January 813 to 814 in Aix-La-Chapelle, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia ^{³²⁷⁹^,3280} at age 70, and was buried in Aachen Cathedral, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia. Other names for Charlemagne were Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor, and Charles The Great.

8237453744334. Warner Comte De NANTES ⁴¹⁵ was born about 808 in Nantes, Loire-Atlantique, Anjou/Pays-de-la-Loire, France and died in 852 about age 44. Another name for Warner was Warner Comte De NANTEO.

Warner married Daughter Of Leutaud Of PARIS. Daughter was born about 808 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France.

8237453744335. Daughter Of Leutaud Of PARIS,⁴¹⁵ daughter of Leutaud I Count Of PARIS and Unknown, was born about 808 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France.

Daughter married Warner Comte De NANTES. Warner was born about 808 in Nantes, Loire-Atlantique, Anjou/Pays-de-la-Loire, France and died in 852 about age 44. Another name for Warner was Warner Comte De NANTEO.

8237453744338. Leutaud I Count Of PARIS,⁵⁰⁵ son of Begue I Count Of PARIS and Aupais Of FRANCE, was born about 785 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France.

Leutaud married.

8237453744576. Milo De NARBONNE,⁵⁰⁵ son of Guerin Count Of THURGOVIE and Adelindis, was born about 738 in Narbonne, Aude, Languedoc, France and died after 782.

Milo married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872288 i. Two Generations De NARBONNE (born between 760 and 795 in Narbonne, Aude, Languedoc, France)

8237453744608. Nivelon I "The Historian" Lord Of PERRACY,²⁸⁹⁸ son of Childebrand "De Heristal" AUSTRASIA and Rolande De Autun Of TOULOUSE, was born about 718 in Perrancey, Haute-Marne, Champagne, France and died on 9 October 768 ^²⁸⁹⁸ about age 50.

Nivelon married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872304 i. Childebrand II Lord Of PERRACY (born about 750 in Perrancey, Haute-Marne, Champagne, France - died about 831)

8237453744610. Theodoen Count Of AUTUN,⁶⁶² ^,2563 son of Thierry (Theodoric) Count Of AUTUN and Auda (Aldane) MARTEL, was born about 759 of Autun, France ^²⁵⁶³ and died in 804 in Cologne, Rheinland, Germany ^²⁵⁶³ about age 45. Another name for Theodoen was Theodoen.

General Notes:
Son of Thierry, Count of Autun, and Aude of Francia. [GRS 3.03, Automated Archives, CD#100]

Son of Aude de Heristal and Thierry D'Autun; m. ?? D'Autun. [Thomas Mebane LeGrande <[email protected], 21 Feb 2002]

b.c. 750, d. 804; son of Theodoric (Thierry) IV D'Autun (or de Razes) aka Makir Abibai and Albane or Aube de Herstal (de Francie); father of Alba d'Autun who m. Garin de Chalon. [Patrick de Sercey <[email protected], 3 Feb 2002]

Theodoen married.

Children from this marriage were:

8237453744277 i. Alba Of AUTUN (born in 780 in Autun, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France)

4118726872305 ii. Dunne De AUTUN (born about 770 in Autun, Saone-Et-Loire, Bourgogne, France)

8237453744656. Liderie ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 was born in 750 in Of, Flanders, Nord, France and died in Y.

Liderie married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872328 i. Engleran (born in 780 in , Flanders, Nord, France - died in Y)

8237453744832. Amic Comte De NARBONNE, son of Aigulf Comte De SUBSTANTION and Unknown, was born in 791 in Narbonne, Aude, Languedoc, France.

Amic married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726872416 i. Robert Comte De SUBSTANTION (born after 819 in Substantion Near Montpellier, Herault, Languedoc, France)

8237453745368. Gerold Count Of Vinzgau Duke Of ALLEMANIA,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3280 son of Gerold Bishop Of MAYENNE and Unknown, was born about 730 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and died after 779 ^³³⁴³.

Gerold married Emma Of ALLEMANIA ¹⁶⁰¹.^,2400 Emma was born in 736 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and died in 798 ^{⁹⁰²^,3343} at age 62.

8237453745369. Emma Of ALLEMANIA,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,2400 daughter of Hnabi Duke Of ALAMANNIA and Hersuinde, was born in 736 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and died in 798 ^{⁹⁰²^,3343} at age 62.

Emma married Gerold Count Of Vinzgau Duke Of ALLEMANIA ¹⁶⁰¹.^,3280 Gerold was born about 730 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and died after 779 ^³³⁴³.

8237453745370. Lambert I Count Of HORNBACH,²⁴⁰⁰ son of Gui Count Of WIDO and Unknown, was born about 720 in Hornbach, Prussia and died after 783.

Lambert married.

8237453745372. Begue I Count Of PARIS,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1784 ^,3085 ^,3270 son of Girard I Count Of PARIS and Rotrude Carloman Of FRANKS, was born about 750 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France and died on 28 October 816 ^{¹⁷⁸⁴^,3270} about age 66.

General Notes: 776 - Chamberlain to Louis of Aquitaine. [Ancestral Roots]

Begue married Aupais Of FRANCE ¹⁷⁸⁴ ^,3085 ^,3270 in 2ND Wife.³²⁷⁰ Aupais was born about 765 in France and died on 26 April 855 about age 90.

8237453745373. Aupais Of FRANCE,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1784 ^,3085 ^,3270 daughter of King Of The Franks Charlemagne Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE and Himiltrude, was born about 765 in France and died on 26 April 855 about age 90.

Noted events in her life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, After 852. ¹⁷⁸⁴

Aupais married Begue I Count Of PARIS ¹⁷⁸⁴ ^,3085 ^,3270 in 2ND Wife.³²⁷⁰ Begue was born about 750 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France and died on 28 October 816 ^{¹⁷⁸⁴^,3270} about age 66.

8237453747216. Eahlmund Under-King Of KENT,¹⁴¹⁶ ^,3407 son of Eafa Of West SAXONS and Unknown, was born in 758 in Wessex, England and died after 788 ^¹⁴¹⁶.

General Notes: Ruled Kent in 784. [Ancestral Roots]

Eahlmund married Princess Of KENT ³⁴⁰⁸ of Wessex, England. Princess was born before 762 in Kent County, England.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726873608 i. Egbert I King Of Kent & WESSEX (born in 775 in Wessex, England - died after 19 November 838 in Wessex, England)

8237453747217. Princess Of KENT,³⁴⁰⁸ daughter of Aethelbert II King Of KENT and Unknown, was born before 762 in Kent County, England.

General Notes: The ancestry of the wife of Eahlmund is legendary (not based on historical fact), based on the Anglo Saxon Chronicles.

Princess married Eahlmund Under-King Of KENT ¹⁴¹⁶ ^,3407 of Wessex, England. Eahlmund was born in 758 in Wessex, England and died after 788 ^¹⁴¹⁶.

8237453747218. Pepin III "The Short" King Of FRANKS,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3276 ^,3277 son of Charles MARTEL Mayor Of The Palace Of Austrasia and Duchess Of Austrasia Rotrude (Chrotude)(Sonichilde) TREVES, was born in 714 in Austrasia, France ^{³²⁷⁶^,3277} and died on 24 September 768 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France ^{³²⁷⁶^,3277} at age 54.

General Notes:
Pepin III, King des Francs (Andre Roux: Scrolls, 191.)

(Rosamond, Frankish kingdom under Carolingians.)

(Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 129, Line 171-42.)

(Andre Castelot, Histoire de La France, Tome 1, Pages 269 - 283, 369). Also Known As: Pepin "Le Bref".

Born: in 714 in Austrasia, son of Charles Martel and Rotrude=Chrotrud, Duchesse d'Austrasie ). Married circa 740: Berthe=Bertrada de Laon, daughter of Charibert, Count de Laon and Bertrade N? ;

Berthe was for may years, at least since 740, the concubine of Pepin III. In 749 she convinced him to marry her. Note - between 742 and 753: Pepin III was baptized by the then future Saint Willibrod, famous apostle of Frisia and was brought up at the Monastery of Saint-Denis. He would protect the bishops.

Upon the death of his father, Charles Martel in Quierzy-sur-Oise on 22 October 741, Pepin III received Neustria, Burgundy and the Provence. The next year, Pepin "Le Bref", whose surname was derived in the 9th. century because of his size, joined his older brother, Carloman in military operations in Aquitaine. They ravaged the region of Bourges and set fire to the Castle of Loches. By Autumn, they had pushed beyond the Rhine, defeated Duke Odilon of Bavaria and forcing the Allemanians to submit. In the year 743, they re-establish a Merovingian King by taking Childeric III from an abbey, purportedly one of the sons of Childeric II. In 744, Hunaud, son of Eudes, Duke of Aquitaine, undertakes his campaign in Allemania, crosses the Loire and destroys Chartres, burning its cathedral. The next year, he was forced by Carloman and Pepin III to retire at the Monastery of the Ile de Re. Hunaud's son Waifre succeeds him. Pepin decides to free Grifon, his half-brother, and to thank him, Grifon joins a rebellion against Pepin, refusing Pepin's offer of a dozen Neustrian countships. In 749, Pepin III forces the Allemanians in rebellion to submit as well as the Bavarians. Grifon escapes but dies that year on his way to seek the help Waifre, Duke of Aquitaine, near Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne. The Merovingian dynasty comes to an end in November of 751 when Pepin III receives the Holy Oil from Boniface, Bishop of Soissons, thus becoming King. His wife becomes Queen of the Francs the same day. Childeric III and his son Thierry both are shaven and they are sent to the Monastery of Saint-Berton, near Arras.

Pepin married Queen Of France Berthe (Bertrade) Countess Of LAON ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3277 about 740. Berthe was born about 720 in Laon, Aisne, Picardy, France, died on 12 July 783 in Choisy, Haute-Savoie, France ^³²⁷⁷ about age 63, and was buried in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France.

Pepin next married Leuthergis in No Marriage. Leuthergis was born about 730 in Austrasia, France.

8237453747219. Queen Of France Berthe (Bertrade) Countess Of LAON,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3277 daughter of Canbert I Count Of LAON Count Of Laon and Countess Of Laon BERTRADA, was born about 720 in Laon, Aisne, Picardy, France, died on 12 July 783 in Choisy, Haute-Savoie, France ^³²⁷⁷ about age 63, and was buried in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France.

General Notes:
Charlemagne's mother Bertrada, was nicknamed Bertha of the Big Foot, or Queen Goosefoot. The inspiration for the name "Mother Goose" may have come from Bertha, although she had nothing to do with the English nursery rhymes now published under that name.

Berthe married Pepin III "The Short" King Of FRANKS ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3276 ^,3277 about 740. Pepin was born in 714 in Austrasia, France ^{³²⁷⁶^,3277} and died on 24 September 768 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France ^{³²⁷⁶^,3277} at age 54.

8237453747220. Wihgar was born about 500 in Isle Of Wight, , , England.

General Notes:
Nephew of Cerdic; ancestor of Oslac the Cup Bearer who lived in the 9th century. [Royalty for Commoners, p. 119]

SEVERAL GENERATIONS MISSING HERE ...

Wihgar married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726873610 i. Oslac The Cup Bearer Princerna Regis Of WIGHT Grand Count (born about 780 of Isle Of Wight, England)

8237453752576. Eystein I "Fart" HALFDANSSON King Of Vestfold,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3345 ^,3346 son of King In Uppsala Halfdan "White Leg" OLAFSSON and Asa Eysteinsdatter NORWAY, was born in 725 in Raumariki, Vestfold, Norway and died in 780 in (Knocked Overboard And Drowned) ^³³⁴⁶ at age 55.

General Notes:
After Halfdan Whiteleg's death, according to the sagas, his son Eystein ruled Vestfold until a rival king named Skjold used his magic powers to have Eystein knocked overboard during a sailing expedition. Eystein's body was recovered from the sea and buried with great ceremony.

[Royal Families of Medieval Scandinavia, Flander & Kiev]

Eystein married Hildi Eiriksdatter NORWAY ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3346 in <Of, Holtum, Vestfold, Norway>. Hildi was born in 740 in Romerike, Vestfold, Norway and died in Y.

8237453752577. Hildi Eiriksdatter NORWAY,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3346 daughter of Eirik Agnarsson NORWAY and Unknown, was born in 740 in Romerike, Vestfold, Norway and died in Y.

Hildi married Eystein I "Fart" HALFDANSSON King Of Vestfold ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3345 ^,3346 in <Of, Holtum, Vestfold, Norway>. Eystein was born in 725 in Raumariki, Vestfold, Norway and died in 780 in (Knocked Overboard And Drowned) ^³³⁴⁶ at age 55.

8237453752578. Dag Of VESTMARK ³³⁴⁶ was born about 725 in Vestmark, Norway.

Dag married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726876289 i. Lifa (Hilf) DAGSDOTTIR (born in 753 in Of, Holtum, Vestfold, Norway)

8237453752580. Hogne Eysteinsson NORWAY Jarl Of Trondheim,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,2069 son of King Of Hedmark Eystein "Haardaade" Throndsson NORWAY and Solveig Halfdansdatter NORWAY, was born about 700 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.

Hogne married Mrs. Hogne Eysteinsson NORWAY ¹⁶⁰¹ about 737 in , Trondheim, Sor Trondelag, Norway. Mrs. was born about 700 in Of, Trondheim, Sor Trondelag, Norway and died in Y.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726876290 i. King Frondheim Eystein "Glumra" Hognasson NORWAY Jarl Of Trondheim (born about 738 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway)

8237453752581. Mrs. Hogne Eysteinsson NORWAY ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 was born about 700 in Of, Trondheim, Sor Trondelag, Norway and died in Y.

Mrs. married Hogne Eysteinsson NORWAY Jarl Of Trondheim ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,2069 about 737 in , Trondheim, Sor Trondelag, Norway. Hogne was born about 700 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.

8237453752584. King Of Vestfold Gudrod "The Magnificent" HALFDANSSON,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3347 ^,3385 son of Halfdan II Milldi Eysteinsson King Of VESTFOLD and Lifa (Hilf) DAGSDOTTIR, was born about 771 in Holtum, Vestfold, Norway, died after 810 in Vestfold, Norway (Murdered-Instigated By Wife Asa) ^{³³⁴⁶^,3385}, and was buried in King Of Vestfold, Vermaland, & Vignulmark.^³³⁸⁵

General Notes:
Gudrod, "the Magnificent", also called "the Hunting-King", son of Halfdan "White-Leg" and Asa (Moriarty) (Sturleson says great grandson of Halfdan "White-leg"), King of Vermaland, Vestfold and Vingulmark, murdered 810-827 at instigation of (2) wife Asa in revenge for forcibly abducting her and killing c 800 her father and brother; m. (1) Alfhilde, daughter of Alfrim, ruler of Vingulmark; m. (2) Asa, daughter of Harald "Red-Beard", King of Agdir. Asa is believed buried in the Oseberg ship, the richest Scandinavian archeological find. [Ancestral Roots]

Note: My line agrees with Sturleson (Gudrod is great grandson of Halfdan) and not Moriarty (where Gudrod is son of Halfdan). Turton and "Royal Families" also agree with my line.

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Following Information copied from Wayne Iverson, World Connect db=wiversrm, rootsweb.com
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Also recorded as Godefrid, the sixth king of Haithabu, murdered in 810.

He made war on King Harald Redbeard Herbrandsson and killed Harald and his son Gyrd and took a great booty and Harald's daughter, Asa, who he married. A year after the birth of son Halfdan, Gudrod was anchored in Stiflu Sound where a great banquet was given for him and he became very drunk. Upon going on land at the pier, a man leapt at him and speared him through, killing him. The killer was immediately slain and in the morning they found it was Queen Asa's page. Son Olaf succeeded his father and later he and Halfdan, Asa's son, divided the kingdom.

Gudrod married Alfthild ALFARSDOTTIR ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3345 about 810 in 1st Wife.³³⁴⁵ Alfthild was born about 773 in Alfheim, Norway and died before 819 ^³⁴⁰⁹. Another name for Alfthild was Alfhild ALFARINSDATTER.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726876292 i. King Of Jutland And Vestf Olaf Gudrodsson NORWAY (born about 800 in Vestfold, Norway - died in 840 in Jutland, Norway)

Gudrod next married Asa Haroldsdatter VESTFOLD ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3385 before 819 in <Vestfold, , Norway> ³³⁴⁵ ^,3346.^,3385 Asa was born in 794 in Holtrum, Vestfold, Norway and was buried in Buried In Oseberg Ship, Richest Scandanavian Archeological Find.^³³⁸⁵

The child from this marriage was:

i. Halfdan "The Black" King Of VESTFOLD was born about 820 in Vestfold, Norway,^³⁴¹⁰ died about 863 in Norway ^{³⁴¹⁰^,3411} about age 43, and was buried in King Of Vestfold, Agdir, Raumarike, & Sogn.^³⁴¹¹

8237453752585. Alfthild ALFARSDOTTIR,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3345 daughter of Alfarin King Of ALVHEIM and Mrs-Alfarin Of ALVHEIM, was born about 773 in Alfheim, Norway and died before 819 ^³⁴⁰⁹. Another name for Alfthild was Alfhild ALFARINSDATTER.

Alfthild married King Of Vestfold Gudrod "The Magnificent" HALFDANSSON ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3347 ^,3385 about 810 in 1st Wife.³³⁴⁵ Gudrod was born about 771 in Holtum, Vestfold, Norway, died after 810 in Vestfold, Norway (Murdered-Instigated By Wife Asa) ^{³³⁴⁶^,3385}, and was buried in King Of Vestfold, Vermaland, & Vignulmark.^³³⁸⁵

8237453793856. Albo Count Of NEUSTRIA,¹⁸⁸² son of Walter II Count Of NEUSTRIA and Unknown, was born about 720 in Neustria, France.

Albo married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726896928 i. Mainier Count Of SENS Duke Of Austrasia (born about 750 in Sens, Yonne, Bourgogne, France - died in 800)

8237453793860. Aubri I Count Of BLOIS,³⁴¹² son of Unknown and Adela Of AUSTRASIA Saint, was born about 715 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France.

Aubri married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726896930 i. Aubri II Count Of BLOIS (born about 745 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, Orleanais/Centre, France)

8237453793876. Gunderland Count Of HESBAYE,²¹⁵¹ son of Landrade MARTEL and Sigramine Countess Of HESBAYE, was born about 736 in Hesbaye, Liege, Belgium and died in 778 ^²¹⁵¹ about age 42.

Gunderland married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726896938 i. Ingeramne Duke Of HESBAYE (born about 753 in Hesbaye, Liege, Belgium)

8237453793920. Eticho II Count Of Lower ALSACE,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,2755 son of Adalric (Ethic\Eticho) I Duke Of ALSACE and Berswinde Of FRANCE, was born about 673 in Of, , Alsace, France and died about 723 ^²⁷⁵⁵ about age 50.

Eticho married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726896960 i. Alberic Count Of LOWER-ALSACE (born about 700 in Alsace, France - died in 735)

Eticho married Eticho Mrs Countess Of Lower ALSACE.¹⁶⁰¹ Eticho was born in <Of, , Alsace, France> and died in Y.

8237453793984. Girard I Count Of PARIS ⁵⁰⁵ ^,3344 was born about 723 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France and died after 779 ^³³⁴⁴.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 743-755.

Girard married Rotrude Carloman Of FRANKS.³³⁴⁴ Rotrude was born about 734 in Austrasia, Flanders Now Belgium.

8237453793985. Rotrude Carloman Of FRANKS,⁵⁰⁵ ^,3344 daughter of Statthalter Of Austrasia Carloman I King Of The FRANKS and Daughter Of ALARD, was born about 734 in Austrasia, Flanders Now Belgium.

Rotrude married Girard I Count Of PARIS.³³⁴⁴ Girard was born about 723 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France and died after 779 ^³³⁴⁴.

8237453794016. Arnoul II Comte De CHAUMONOIS,²⁵³⁹ son of Dreux D'heristal Count Of CHAMPAGNE and Anstrude Of CHAMPAGNE, was born about 690 in Chaumont, Haute-Marne, Champagne, France and died in 723 ^²⁵³⁹ about age 33.

Arnoul married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726897008 i. Agnarald Comte De CHAUMONOIS (born before 724 in Chaumont, Haute-Marne, Champagne, France - died about 790)

8237453869056. Caenog Ap Tegonwy,¹⁰³⁴ son of Tegonwy Ap Teon and Unknown, was born about 766 in Powys, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Caenog married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726934528 i. Corf Ap Caenog (born about 800 in Powys, Wales)

8237453869312. Elidir Ap Sandde,¹⁰³⁴ son of Sandde Ap Alcwn and Celeinion Ferch Tudwal, was born about 708 in North Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Elidir married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726934656 i. Gwriad Ap Elidir (born about 738 in North Wales)

8237453869314. Cadell Ap Brochwel,¹⁰³⁴ son of Brochwel Ap Elise and Unknown, was born about 722 in Powys, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 808 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 86.

Cadell married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726934657 i. Nest Ferch Cadell (born about 744 in Powys, Wales)

8237453869316. Rhodri "Molwynog" Ap Idwal,¹⁰³⁴ son of Idwal "Iwrch" Ap Cadwaladr and Idwal Ap Cadwaladr, was born about 698 in North Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 754 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 56.

Rhodri married Rhodri Ap Idwal.¹⁰³⁴ Rhodri was born about 694 in North Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

The child from this marriage was:

4118726934658 i. Cynan "Dindaethwy" Ap Rhodri (born about 738 in North Wales)

8237453869317. Rhodri Ap Idwal ¹⁰³⁴ was born about 694 in North Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Rhodri married Rhodri "Molwynog" Ap Idwal.¹⁰³⁴ Rhodri was born about 698 in North Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 754 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 56.

8237453869320. Arthen Ap Seisyll,¹⁰³⁴ son of Seisyll Ap Clydog and Unknown, was born about 731 in Ceredigion, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 807 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 76.

Arthen married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726934660 i. Dyfnwallon Ap Arthen (born about 761 in Ceredigion, Wales)

8237453869348. Maredudd Ap Tewdws,¹⁰³⁴ son of Tewdws I Ap Rhain and Unknown, was born about 721 in Dyfed, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 796 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 75.

Maredudd married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726934674 i. Owain Ap Maredudd (born about 745 in Dyfed, Wales - died in 811)

Maredudd next married.

The child from this marriage was:

i. Ceingar Ferch Maredudd was born about 748 in Dyfed, Wales.¹⁰³⁴

8237453870336. Tegog Ap Dwyfnerth,¹⁰³⁴ son of Dwyfnerth Ap Madog and Unknown, was born about 676 in North Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Tegog married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726935168 i. Dwywg "Lyth" Ap Tegog (born about 718 in North Wales)

8237453870864. Aelan Ap Greddyf,¹⁰³⁴ son of Greddyf Ap Cwnws and Unknown, was born about 957 in Anglesey, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Aelan married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726935432 i. Bledrus "Y Moelyn" Ap Aelan (born about 987 in Anglesey, Wales)

8237453871112. Hywel Ap Rhys,¹⁰³⁴ son of Rhys Ap Arthfael and Unknown, was born about 822 in Glywysing, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 886 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 64.

Hywel married Lleucu.¹⁰³⁴ Lleucu was born about 826 in South Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

The child from this marriage was:

4118726935556 i. Owain Ap Hywel (born about 859 in Glywysing, Wales - died about 930)

8237453871113. Lleucu ¹⁰³⁴ was born about 826 in South Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Lleucu married Hywel Ap Rhys.¹⁰³⁴ Hywel was born about 822 in Glywysing, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 886 ^¹⁰³⁴ about age 64.

8237453871114. Rhodri Mawr "The Great" Ap MERFYN King Gwynedd,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1034 ^,2295 son of Merfyn "Frych" Ap GWRIAD King Of Powys and Esyllt Verch CYNAN, was born in 789 in Caer Seiont, Carnarvonshire, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 878 in Anglesey, Wales ^{¹⁰³⁴^,2295} at age 89.

Rhodri married Angharad Verch MEURIG ¹⁰³⁴.^,1386 Angharad was born in 825 in Ceredigion, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

8237453871115. Angharad Verch MEURIG,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1034 ^,1386 daughter of Meurig Ap DYFNWALLON and Meurig Ap Dyfnwallon, was born in 825 in Ceredigion, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Angharad married Rhodri Mawr "The Great" Ap MERFYN King Gwynedd ¹⁰³⁴.^,2295 Rhodri was born in 789 in Caer Seiont, Carnarvonshire, Wales ^¹⁰³⁴ and died in 878 in Anglesey, Wales ^{¹⁰³⁴^,2295} at age 89.

8237453871116. Cynfelyn Ap Iaceu,¹⁰³⁴ son of Iaceu and Unknown, was born about 840 in Powys, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Cynfelyn married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726935558 i. Enflew Ap Cynfelyn (born about 870 in Powys, Wales)

8237453871118. Eliffer Ap Gronwy,¹⁰³⁴ son of Gronwy Ap Cynhaethwy and Unknown, was born about 835 in Powys, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Eliffer married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726935559 i. Adwent Ferch Eliffer (born about 873 in Powys, Wales)

8237453875104. Tegonwy Ap Teon,¹⁰³⁴ son of Teon Ap Gwineu and Unknown, was born about 730 in Powys, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Tegonwy married.

Children from this marriage were:

8237453869056 i. Caenog Ap Tegonwy (born about 766 in Powys, Wales)

4118726937552 ii. Iorwerth "Hirflawdd" Ap Tegonwy (born about 770 in Powys, Wales)

8237453875106. Brychan Ap Anlach,¹⁰³⁴ son of Anlach Ap Coronac and Marchell Ferch Tewdrig, was born about 400 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Brychan married Banhadlwedd Ferch Banadl,¹⁰³⁴ daughter of Banadl and Unknown. Banhadlwedd was born about 404 in Powys, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

The child from this marriage was:

i. Gwawr Ferch Brychan was born about 472 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.¹⁰³⁴

Brychan next married.

The child from this marriage was:

i. Tudglid Ferch Brychan was born about 450 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.¹⁰³⁴

Brychan next married Prawst Ferch Tudwal.¹⁰³⁴ Prawst was born about 400 in Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Children from this marriage were:

i. Meleri Ferch Brychan was born about 428 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.¹⁰³⁴

ii. Rhain "Dremrudd" Ap Brychan was born about 420 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.¹⁰³⁴

4118726937553 iii. Arianwen Ferch Brychan (born about 426 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales)

Brychan next married.

The child from this marriage was:

i. Nyfain Ferch Brychan was born about 460 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.¹⁰³⁴

8237453875107. Prawst Ferch Tudwal,¹⁰³⁴ daughter of Tudwal Ap Gwrfawr and Gratian Ferch Macsen, was born about 400 in Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

Prawst married Brychan Ap Anlach.¹⁰³⁴ Brychan was born about 400 in Brycheiniog, Breconshire, Wales.^¹⁰³⁴

8237453897728. Robert I CHRODOBERTUS,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 son of Charibert and Unknown, was born about 665 in Neustria.

Robert married Mrs CHRODOBERTUS ¹⁶⁰¹ in <, , , Neustria>. Mrs was born about 665 in <Neustria>.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948864 i. Lamtbertus I LAMBERT (born about 670 in , , , Neustria)

8237453897729. Mrs CHRODOBERTUS ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 was born about 665 in <Neustria>.

Mrs married Robert I CHRODOBERTUS ¹⁶⁰¹ in <, , , Neustria>. Robert was born about 665 in Neustria.

8237453897792. Saint Arnulf Mayor Of Palace AUSTRASIA Bishop Of Metz,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3413 ^,3414 son of Bodegeisel II Governor Of AQUITAINE and Oda Of SUEVIA, was born on 13 August 582 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium,^³⁴¹⁴ died on 18 July 640 in Remiremont, France ^{³⁴¹³^,3414} at age 57, and was buried in Church Of Apostles In Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Another name for Arnulf was Arnoul De HERISTAL.

General Notes:
Saint Arnulf [son of Bodegeisel], b. ca. 13 Aug 582, Mayor of the Palace and tutor of Dagobert, Bishop of Metz 612, d. 16 Aug 640; m. abt. 596, Dode (Clothilde), who became a nun at Treves 612. (They were the parents of St. Clodulf, Bishop of Metz ca. 650, d. 690). [Ancestral Roots]

-----------------------------

Arnoul was the 29th. Bishop of Metz, in 612. He was canonized by the Church, Saint Arnoul. He became the Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, and tutor of Dagobert. In the year 614, when Clotaire II had had Brunehaut killed, he remained the only descendant of the sons of Clovis alive. But he is only a toy in the hands of the Franc aristocracy both lay and ecclesiastic. At the head of each of the three ancient kingdoms, Austrasia, Neustria and Burgundy, the Major Domus [Mayor of the Palace] gains progressively greater importance. On 18 October 614, Clotaire II signed the Edict of Paris which in 27 articles, essentially formed the basic power structure for the Council of Bishops and the Assembly of the Greats [nobles].

In 623, Clotaire II was pushed by the Bishop of Metz and also Pepin [Le Vieux de Landen] , the Mayor of the Palace to give Austrasia its own King. Thus, Clotaire II's son Dagobert became King of Austrasia and under the tutelage of Arnoul.

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Birth: Alt. Birth, Abt 580, Nancy, Meurthe-Et-Moselle, Lorraine, France. ³⁴¹³

Arnulf married Dode Clothilde De HERISTAL ³⁴¹⁴ about 596.³⁴¹⁴ Dode was born about 583 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France, died in 650 in Treves, Rhenish Prussia, Germany about age 67, and was buried in 1612 - Became A Nun In Treves.^³⁴¹⁴

Children from this marriage were:

4118726948896 i. Ansigisen Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA (born about 607 in Of, , Austrasia, France - died in 678 in Andene Monastery)

ii. St Clodulf Bishop Of METZ was born about 604 in Austrasia, France, died in 690 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France (Austrasia) ³⁴¹⁴ about age 86, and was buried in , Metz, Austrasia, France.

4118726948934 iii. Count Walchigise (Walechise) VERDUN (born about 610 in Austrasia, France - died in Verdun, France)

8237453897793. Dode Clothilde De HERISTAL,³⁴¹⁴ daughter of Arnoldus Bishop Of METZ and Bertha Of KENT, was born about 583 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France, died in 650 in Treves, Rhenish Prussia, Germany about age 67, and was buried in 1612 - Became A Nun In Treves.^³⁴¹⁴

Dode married Saint Arnulf Mayor Of Palace AUSTRASIA Bishop Of Metz ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3413 ^,3414 about 596.³⁴¹⁴ Arnulf was born on 13 August 582 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium,^³⁴¹⁴ died on 18 July 640 in Remiremont, France ^{³⁴¹³^,3414} at age 57, and was buried in Church Of Apostles In Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Another name for Arnulf was Arnoul De HERISTAL.

8237453897794. Pepin I Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3388 ^,3415 son of Carloman Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA and Mrs-Carloman Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA, was born about 591 in Landen, Liege, Belgium and died about 640 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium ^³⁴¹⁵ about age 49.

General Notes:
Saint Pepin of Landen, also known as Pepin the Elder (b. 580 - d. 640), was the Frankish Mayor of the Palace of the Austrasia under the Merovingian kings Clotaire II, Dagobert I and Sigebert III from 615 or 623 to 640.

He had two daughters:
Begga, who married Ansegisel, the son of Arnulf, Bishop of Metz and the son of this marriage, Pippin II, was Charlemagne's great-grandfather.

Gertrude, (b.625 - 17 march 659) burried in the convent of Nijvel founded by here mother itta. She was later canonised as a saint and usually portrayed accompanied with mice.

and a son: Grimoald Mayor of the Palace of the Austrasia
³⁴¹⁶

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, 639. ³³⁹⁷

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, 694. ³³⁸⁸

Pepin married Itta (Itte\Idoberge) Of LANDEN ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3388.^,3417 Itta was born about 592 in Aquitaine, France and died on 8 May 652 in Abbey Of Nivelles, Brabant, Belgium ^³⁴¹⁷ about age 60.

Children from this marriage were:

4118726948897 i. St. Beggue Of Landen Beggue AUSTRASIA (born about 613 in Of, Landen, Liege, Belgium - died in 698 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium)

ii. Grimoald De LANDEN was born about 620 in , Aix-Le-Chappalle, France and died between 656 and 658 about age 36.

iii. Abbesse Of Nivelf Gertrude De LANDEN was born about 626 in Of, Landen, Liege, Belgium and died from 17 March 658 to 659 about age 32.

8237453897795. Itta (Itte\Idoberge) Of LANDEN,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3388 ^,3417 daughter of Grimoalde (Grimaud) Duke Of AQUITAINE and Itite Of GASCONY, was born about 592 in Aquitaine, France and died on 8 May 652 in Abbey Of Nivelles, Brabant, Belgium ^³⁴¹⁷ about age 60.

General Notes:
Ancestral Roots (line 190-9) states that Itta is supposed daughter of Arnoldus Bishop of Metz. Obviously there is no convincing evidence, one way or the other, just hints & estimations. I had previously determined that Dode was possibly/probably daughter of Arnoldus, which (if Itta were her sister) would make Saint Begga and her husband Ansgise/Ansgisel 1st cousins. While marriages between 1st cousins were not uncommon during this era, these people were supposedly close to the church and may not have countenanced such a marriage.

Thus I have decided to adopt the following ancestry for Itta, given below in a post to SGM, 18 Feb 2003, by David Hughes (nothing is sure):

From: david hughes ([email protected])
Subject: Re: Attila the Hun
Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.medieval
Date: 2003-02-18 10:11:27 PST

am curious about the sudden interest in Attila The Hun & the genealogy of his house. . . for what it is worth here are my notes on the subject for consideration:

x. Donaton, King of Huns [1], enters Europe, circa AD 360, issue, three sons:
a. Basiq, King of Huns [2], d c 370
b. Balamber, King of Huns [3], attacks Byzantine empire, d 390
c. Uldin (Uldes), King of Huns [4] 390-411

the two sons of Uldin [4] (above) were
a. Karaton (Charaton), King of Huns [5] 411-?, the father of Octar,
King of Huns [6]
b. Kuridak

the two sons of Prince Kuridak (above) were
a. Rugila, King of Huns [7] ?-433
b. Mundzuk

the two sons of Prince Mundzuk (above) were
a. Bleda, King of Huns [8] 433-437
b. ATTILA

- - - - - - - -

x. ATTILA "THE HUN" & "The Scourge", King of Huns [9] 437-453 had several wives: =1 Arykan; =2 Helche (Kreka); =3 Kriemhilt; =4 Ildiko (Hildiko); =5 Gundrun [note: a German myth says that his Burgundian wife, Gundrun, murdered her twin sons, Erpe & Eiti, begotten by him, and served their hearts for Attila to eat]

issue:
a. Scharpfe, murdered 453
b. Ortelipe, murdered 453
[note: the sons of ATTILA quarreled after his death over the chieftainship, during which, Ardaric, the Gepidae king, rallied the Germans against their Hunnish masters and utterly defeated the Huns at the Battle of Nedao, 456, after which the remnant of the Huns gathered around the sons & grandsons of Attila "the Hun", creating several groups, of which some remained in Germany and Central Europe while others retreated to Scythia-Minor and became the Magyars, Bulgars, & Mongols]
c. Ellak, King of Huns [10] 453-456 [possibly the father of Aella of Sussex & Alesa of Wessex]
d. Tuldila, King of Huns [11] 456-7
e. Dengizec, King of Huns [12] 457-469, the father of Oulibus (d469)
f. Sengilac, the father of Sunigila (daughter), wife of Odovacar, a Teutonic chieftain, conquered the Roman Empire & became King of Italy 476-493
g. Emnetzur
h. Ultzindur
i. Elpfrat
j. Tingiz
k. Bel-Kermek (475), father of Djurash "Masgut" (498/499), father of Tatra (Baltavar) (550s), father of Boyan-Chelbir (d590), father of Tubdjak, King of Magna-Bulgaria (620), father of (a) Bu-Yurgan (Organas) & (b) Alburi (d632), father of Kubrat, 1st King of Bulgaria 632-651 [note: Kubrat is called the "son" of Organus in one source, and called his "nephew" in another source, as the son of his brother, Alburi]
l. Ernak [called Attila's "youngest son"], King of Huns [13] 469-476
m. Escam (Ascama) (daughter), wife of Ardaric, a Gepidae chief/king

- - - - - - - -

note: the descent-line from Attila The Hun to Charlemagne posted recently on the net is incorrect, however, the descent can be made through the wife of Pepin of Landen rather than through his mother, which then would be:

00. Attila The Hun (d453)
01. Escam (Ascama) = Ardaric, Gepidae-King of Germany (d476)
02. Elemund (d493/515)
03. Austrisa = Waccho, Lombard-King of Italy (d540)
04. Walderade =1 Theudebald, King of France 548-555 [note: she =2
Clothaire I of France; & =3 Garibald I of Bavaria]
05. Grimoalde, Duke of Aquitaine (d599) = Itite (d612), daughter of
Severus, a duke
06. Itte (Idoberge) (d652) = Pepin [I] of Landen (d639)
07. Begga (d694) = Ansgise (d685)
08. Pepin [II] of Heristal (d714) =2 Aupais
09. Charles "Martel", Duke of France 737-741 =1 Rotrude
10. Pepin "Le Korte", King of France 751-768 = Bertha "The White-Lady"
11. Charlemagne

Itta married Pepin I Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3388.^,3415 Pepin was born about 591 in Landen, Liege, Belgium and died about 640 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium ^³⁴¹⁵ about age 49.

8237453897800. Nehemiah Ben HANINI,³³⁴⁰ son of Hanini Bar 'Adoi EXILARCH OF BABYLON and Unknown, was born about 650.

Nehemiah married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948900 i. Natronai Ben Nehemiah GAON OF PLUMBEDIA (born in 670 in Pembebitha, Babylonia - died in 739)

8237453897802. Hisdai Ben Bustanai EXILARCH OF BABYLON,³³³⁸ ^,3339 ^,3340 son of Bostanai Bar HANANAI and Unknown, died in 665 ^{³³³⁸^,3339}.

Hisdai married Isdurdad DE PERSIA.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948901 i. BAT' HISDAI

8237453897803. Isdurdad DE PERSIA,³³⁴⁰ daughter of Yezdagird III SHAH OF PERSIA and Unknown.

Isdurdad married Hisdai Ben Bustanai EXILARCH OF BABYLON ³³³⁸.^,3339 Hisdai died in 665 ^{³³³⁸^,3339}.

8237453897804. Clovis II King Of NEUSTRIA,³⁴¹⁸ son of Dagobert I King Of AUSTRASIA and Nanthildis Of NEUSTRIA, was born about 634 in Neustria Now Belgium ^³⁴¹⁹ and died after September 657 ^{³⁴¹⁸^,3419}. Another name for Clovis was Chlodovech II King Of FRANKS.

General Notes: Also called "Chlodovech", King of the Franks

SOURCES:
Clovis II, King de Bourgogne

(Rosamond, Frankish kingdom under Carolingians.) (Paul, Nouveau Larousse Universel.) (Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 90, Line 123-47.)

(Andre Castelot, Histoire de La France, Tome 1, Pages 247 - 248, 256).

AKA: Clovis II, King de Neustrie. Born: in 634, son of Dagobert I, King d'Austrasie and Nantechild.

Occupation: between 639 and 657 Second son of Dagobert I, Clovis II was King of Neustrie and of Bourgogne from 639 to 657.

Married between 643 and 650 in Neustrie, France: Sainte Bathilde; A Saxon slave, Sainte Bathilde became queen by marrying Clovis II. She governed while the three sons (Childeric II, Clotaire III and Thierri III) were minors. Her Feast Day is 30 January. Died: between 11 September 657 and 10 November 657 in Connaught, Ireland, Clovis II was 23 years of age when he died. His son, Clotaire III, born in 652 would succeed him. However, since he is only 5 years of age at this time, it is the Queen Bathilde who reigns with the able hand of the Mayor of the Palace (Major Domo) of Neustria, Ebroin.

Clovis married St Bathildis Abbess Of CHELLES in 648. St was born about 635 in Chelles, Neustria Now Belgium and died from 30 January 679 to 80 about age 44.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948902 i. Thiedoric III King Of NEUSTRIA (born about 651 in Neustria Now Belgium - died in 691)

8237453897805. St Bathildis Abbess Of CHELLES was born about 635 in Chelles, Neustria Now Belgium and died from 30 January 679 to 80 about age 44.

St married Clovis II King Of NEUSTRIA ³⁴¹⁸ in 648. Clovis was born about 634 in Neustria Now Belgium ^³⁴¹⁹ and died after September 657 ^{³⁴¹⁸^,3419}. Another name for Clovis was Chlodovech II King Of FRANKS.

8237453897806. Ansigisen Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3387 ^,3388 son of Saint Arnulf Mayor Of Palace AUSTRASIA Bishop Of Metz and Dode Clothilde De HERISTAL, was born about 607 in Of, , Austrasia, France,^³³⁸⁸ died in 678 in Andene Monastery ^³³⁸⁸ about age 71, and was buried in 678 in Andene Monastery. Another name for Ansigisen was Ansigisel Of METZ.

General Notes:
Duke Ansgise [son of Saint Arnulf & Dode], b. 602, Mayor of the Palace to Siegbert, 632, son of Dagobert, d. 685; m. bef. 639, St. Begga, d. 694, daughter of Pepin of Landen, Mayor of the Palace in Austrasia, d. 694, and his wife Itta, presumed daughter of Arnoldus, Bishop of Metz, son, it is said, of Ansbertus, the Senator. [Ancestral Roots]

--------------------

Ansegis=Ansegisus, Duke d'Austrasie (Andre Roux: Scrolls, 191.)

(Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 129, Line 171-45).

Born: in 602 in Austrasia, son of Arnoul=Arnulf, Bishop de Metz and Dode=Doda=Clothilde de Saxe.

Occupation: in 632 Ansegis was Mayor of the Palace of Austrasie to Sigebert in 632. Married circa 635: Sainte Begge=Begga de Landen, daughter of Pepin de Landen and Iduberge=Sainte Ida N?. Died: in 685 Ansegis was murdered.

Ansigisen married St. Beggue Of Landen Beggue AUSTRASIA ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3387 ^,3388 before 639.³³⁸⁸ Beggue was born about 613 in Of, Landen, Liege, Belgium and died in 698 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium ^³³⁸⁸ about age 85. Another name for Beggue was Begue.

8237453897807. St. Beggue Of Landen Beggue AUSTRASIA,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3387 ^,3388 daughter of Pepin I Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA and Itta (Itte\Idoberge) Of LANDEN, was born about 613 in Of, Landen, Liege, Belgium and died in 698 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium ^³³⁸⁸ about age 85. Another name for Beggue was Begue.

Beggue married Ansigisen Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3387 ^,3388 before 639.³³⁸⁸ Ansigisen was born about 607 in Of, , Austrasia, France,^³³⁸⁸ died in 678 in Andene Monastery ^³³⁸⁸ about age 71, and was buried in 678 in Andene Monastery. Another name for Ansigisen was Ansigisel Of METZ.

8237453897816. Bodilon (Boditon) Count Of Franks In BURGUNDY, son of Son De Garnier Count Of Franks In BURGUNDY and Unknown, was born about 585 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou, France and died after 643 in Treves, Rhone, Rhone-Alpes, France. Another name for Bodilon was Bodilon De TREVES.

Bodilon married Sigrada (Sigrade) D' ALSACE. Sigrada was born about 592 in Moselle River Valley, Austrasia, France and died on 4 August 678 about age 86.

Children from this marriage were:

4118726948908 i. Warinus Count Of Franks In BURGUNDY (born about 610 in Moselle River Valley, Austrasia, France - died in 677 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou, France)

ii. Adele De TREVES was born about 618 in Treves, Rhone, Rhone-Alpes, France.

8237453897817. Sigrada (Sigrade) D' ALSACE, daughter of Ega Duke Of ALSACE and Gerberga Of FRANCONIA, was born about 592 in Moselle River Valley, Austrasia, France and died on 4 August 678 about age 86.

Sigrada married Bodilon (Boditon) Count Of Franks In BURGUNDY. Bodilon was born about 585 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou, France and died after 643 in Treves, Rhone, Rhone-Alpes, France. Another name for Bodilon was Bodilon De TREVES.

8237453897818. St Clodulf Bishop Of METZ,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3414 son of Saint Arnulf Mayor Of Palace AUSTRASIA Bishop Of Metz and Dode Clothilde De HERISTAL, was born about 604 in Austrasia, France, died in 690 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France (Austrasia) ^³⁴¹⁴ about age 86, and was buried in , Metz, Austrasia, France.

General Notes:
ca. 650 - became Bishop of Metz [Ancestral Roots]

St married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948909 i. Kunza Of METZ (born about 630 in Treves, Rhenish Prussia, Germany - died after 665 in France)

8237453897820. Theodon III Duke Of BAVARIA,²¹⁵¹ son of Garibaldo I Duke Of BAVARIA and Gela Of FRIULI, was born about 585 in Bavaria, Germany and died in 630 ^²¹⁵¹ about age 45. Another name for Theodon was Theodon III Of AGILOFINGES.

Theodon married Regintrude Of FRANCE,²¹⁵¹ daughter of Theodebert II King Of FRANKS and Bellichildis, in 1st Wife. Regintrude was born about 595 in France.

The child from this marriage was:

i. Tassilo II Of BAVARIA was born about 610 in Bavaria, Germany and died before 630 in (Dvp) ^²¹⁵¹. Another name for Tassilo was Tassilon II Of AGILOFINGES.

Theodon next married Gleisnod BAYERN before 629 in 2ND Wife. Gleisnod was born about 602 in France.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948910 i. Theodon De Bayern AGILOFINGES (born about 630 in Bavaria, Germany - died in 713)

8237453897821. Gleisnod BAYERN was born about 602 in France.

Gleisnod married Theodon III Duke Of BAVARIA ²¹⁵¹ before 629 in 2ND Wife. Theodon was born about 585 in Bavaria, Germany and died in 630 ^²¹⁵¹ about age 45. Another name for Theodon was Theodon III Of AGILOFINGES.

8237453897822. Robert De SALZBURG was born about 600 in Salzburg, Austria and died in 677 in Bavaria, Germany about age 77.

Robert married Theodora. Theodora was born about 610 in Salzburg, Austria.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948911 i. Miss De SALZBURG (born about 635 in Salzburg, Austria)

8237453897823. Theodora was born about 610 in Salzburg, Austria.

Theodora married Robert De SALZBURG. Robert was born about 600 in Salzburg, Austria and died in 677 in Bavaria, Germany about age 77.

8237453897856. Erchembaldus Duke Of ALSACE,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 son of Ega Duke Of ALSACE and Gerberga Of FRANCONIA, was born in 590 in Alsace-Lorraine, France and died in 661 at age 71.

Erchembaldus married Leudefindis FRANCE.¹⁶⁰¹ Leudefindis was born about 594 in Of, , , France and died in 688 about age 94.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948928 i. Steward Lendisius Duke Of ALSACE (born about 620 in Alsace-Lorraine, France - died between 666 and 680)

8237453897857. Leudefindis FRANCE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 was born about 594 in Of, , , France and died in 688 about age 94.

Leudefindis married Erchembaldus Duke Of ALSACE.¹⁶⁰¹ Erchembaldus was born in 590 in Alsace-Lorraine, France and died in 661 at age 71.

8237453897860. Dagobert I King Of AUSTRASIA,²⁷⁵⁵ ^,3296 ^,3420 son of Chlotar II King Of SOISSONS & West Franks and Haldetrude, was born in 605 in Austrasia Now Germany ^³⁴²⁰ and died from 19 January 638 to 39 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France ^{²⁷⁵⁵^,3420} at age 33.

General Notes: King of Austrasia, King of France, Greatest of Merovingian Kings

Dagobert I, King des Francs. Born: in 603, son of Clotaire=Chlothar II, King de Soissons and Bertrude, Some sources assert that Dagobert I was born in the year 606. Note - between 623 and 629: Dagobert I became King of Austrasie in 623 and King of the Franks in 629. At the age of about 25 years, Dagobert, son of Clotaire II and of Bertrade, takes over the succession without difficulty. He must first determine the fate of his half-brother Charibert (son of Queen Sichilde), for whom his uncle Brodulf wanted to yield at least Neustria. Dagobert does not cimply and purely eliminate his half-brother, but he sends him to Aquitaine by yielding to him the cities of Saintes, Perigeux, Toulouse, Cahors, Agen and the countryside between Garonne and the Pyrenees whose residents had taken advantage of the troubles in the kingdom to ally themselves with the Basques. Dagobert wins Dijon and also Saint-Jean-de-Losne where he lives for a few days and meets out justice. The day of his departure from Losne to Chalon, as he bathes before sunrise, he has Brodulf, Uncles of his half-brother Charibert, assassinated, the murder being executed by two of Dagobert's sons and the patrician Guillebaud. In 630, he negotiates a Treaty with the Emperor of Byzantium, Heraclius, a perpetual peace through the intermediary of his envoys, Servais and Paterne. Upon his return to Paris, Dagobert repudiates his wife Gomatrude, sister of Queen Sichilde, herself married to the deceased Clotaire II, Dagobert's father. He immediately, in 631, marries Nanthilde, a simple housekeeper. The reign of Nantilde lasts only a few years. Dagobert surrounds himself with other women, Vulfegonde, then Berthilde, finally Raintrude, an Austrasian, whom he took as concubine in the eighth year of his reign. He was skillfully taught and supported by his Ministers Saint Eloi [who was Dagobert's treasurer and then became Bishop after Dagobert died] and Dadon [alias Saint Ouen, who became Bishop of Rouen in 641 and who was instrumental in the founding of several monasteries including those of Saint-Wandrille, Rebais, and of Jumieges]. He fought the Austrasians and gave them his son, Sigebert, as next king at age 3 [in fact the Bishop of Cologne and a Duke will govern in his name] . With the Austrasian armies and the support of the Saxons and the Lombards, Dagobert overwhelms the Wendes [Slavic resident of the area between the Oder, the Elbe and the superior branch of the Danube] at Wogalisbourg (in Styria, near Gratz) in 632]. He fought the Gascons, the Slavs and the Saxons. He was the last direct Merovingien King, he was able to delay the dissolution of the Frankish Empire. In December of 638, Dagobert is stricken with an intestinal disease in his domaine of Epinay-sur-Seine, and trusts his Mayor of Neustria, Aega, the fate of his wife Nanthilde as well as that of his son Clovis II. On 19 January 639, Dagobert has himself transported to Saint-Denis, where he dies in one of the buildings adjoining the Basilica. He is the first Monarch of France to have chosen Saint-Denis as the final restiing place. It is there that Saint Denis was martyred in the third century, along with his companions Saint Rustique and Saint Eleuthere. In the fifth century, the Gallo-Roman cemetery was levelled and the basilica built. Married before 626: Gomatrude; Gomatrude was the first of five wives. Married before 629: Ragnetrud d'Austrasie; Ragnetrud was the third of Dagobert I's five wives. Married before 634: Nantechild. Died: in 639.

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Birth: Alt. Birth, 600. ²⁷⁵⁵

Dagobert married Gometrude in 1st Wife. Gometrude was born about 605 in France.

Dagobert next married Wulfegunde before 624 in 2ND Wife. Wulfegunde was born about 605 in Germany.

The child from this marriage was:

i. Daughter Of DAGOBERT was born about 625 in Austrasia Now Germany.

Dagobert next married Ragnetrude Of AUSTRASIA ²⁷⁵⁵ in 630 in 3rd Wife.²⁷⁵⁵ Ragnetrude was born about 608 in Austrasia Now Germany and died before 634.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948930 i. Sigebert III (Sisibert) King Of AUSTRASIA (born about 631 in Austrasia - died on 1 February 655-56 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France)

Dagobert next married Nanthildis Of NEUSTRIA before 634 in 4th Wife. Nanthildis was born about 610 in Neustria Now Belgium and died in 642 about age 32.

The child from this marriage was:

8237453897804 i. Clovis II King Of NEUSTRIA (born about 634 in Neustria Now Belgium - died after September 657)

Dagobert next married Berthilde after 635 in 5th Wife. Berthilde was born about 610 in France.

8237453897861. Ragnetrude Of AUSTRASIA ²⁷⁵⁵ was born about 608 in Austrasia Now Germany and died before 634.

Ragnetrude married Dagobert I King Of AUSTRASIA ²⁷⁵⁵ ^,3296 ^,3420 in 630 in 3rd Wife.²⁷⁵⁵ Dagobert was born in 605 in Austrasia Now Germany ^³⁴²⁰ and died from 19 January 638 to 39 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France ^{²⁷⁵⁵^,3420} at age 33.

8237453897864. Charibert II King Of AQUITAINE,³⁴²¹ son of Chlotar II King Of SOISSONS & West Franks and Beretrudis Of The BURGUNDY, was born about 607 in Neustria and died in 631 in Blaye, Aquitaine, France (Assassinated) ^³⁴²¹ about age 24.

Charibert married Gisele Of GASCONY. Gisele was born about 607 in Gascony, France.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948932 i. Boggis Duke Of AQUITAINE (born in 626 in Aquitaine, France - died in 682)

8237453897865. Gisele Of GASCONY was born about 607 in Gascony, France.

Gisele married Charibert II King Of AQUITAINE.³⁴²¹ Charibert was born about 607 in Neustria and died in 631 in Blaye, Aquitaine, France (Assassinated) ^³⁴²¹ about age 24.

8237453897866. Chlotar II King Of SOISSONS & West Franks ²⁷⁵⁵ ^,3296 was born in May 584 in Soissons, Aisne, Picardy, France,^³²⁹⁶ died on 18 October 629 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France ^³²⁹⁶ at age 45, and was buried in St Vincent Abbey, Paris, Seine, France. Another name for Chlotar was Chlothaire II King Of West FRANKS.

General Notes: King of Newustria, KING OF SOISSONS, King of France

Upon Clotaire's birth, his mother had his father assassinated and ruled Neustrie in his name. He became King of Soissons in 584, and was sole King of the Franks in 613. He had his aunt Brunehaut (sister of his father's second wife) killed. In the year 596, through his mother Fredegonde, Clotaire II's territories were extended in the East. In 599, King Theodebert II of Austrasia and King Thierry II of Burgundy joined forces to take revenge upon Clotaire II. The Army of Neustria is beatten and the entire valley of the Seine is devastated. As a result, Thierry II's territory increased by taking away from Clotaire II, the lands between the Seine and the Loire. Theodebert II takes the lands of the Duchy of Dentelin. In 604, the Mayor of the Palace, Bertaut arouses the subjects against the King of Burgundy and they call on Clotaire II for help. On Christmas Day, 604, Clotaire rushes to their aid and crosses the Seine and pushes all to way to Orleans. On his return, he encounters an Army of Bourgogne, and is defeated at Etampes at which battle Bertaut is killed. Because Theodebert had not intervened, actually he had made peace in Compiegne with Clotaire II, Thierry II took offense and the two brothers became less than thrilled with each other. Brunehaut, unhappy with Theodebert, names as next Mayor of the Palace a Gallo-Roman named Protadius. In 607, she pushed Thierry II to take up arms against his brother. During the battle, Protadius is killed and the two brothers make peace, humiliating their mother, Brunehaut. By 612, the brothers again were at war and Thierry II purchases Clotaire's neutrality by offering him the Duchy of Dentelin. In 613 Clotaire II invades Austrasia upon the death of Thierry II, kills two of Thierry's sons [the other two disappear] , and has Brunehaut killed after the lords of Burgundy seize her and give her to him. At her "trial" Clotaire II had accused Brunehaut of having caused the death of ten frankish Kings:
1. Sigebert her first spouse, who was assassinated [though through no fault of Brunehaut] ;
2. Merovee, the son of Chilperic I [who was actually assassinated on the orders of Fredegonde] ;
3. Chilperic [killed in 584, and through no part from Brunehaut] ;
4. Theodebert II
5. of his son Clotaire [it is possible that Brunehaut had Cloraire assassinated after he deserted her] ;
6. Merovee, son of Clotaire II [highly doubtful that Brunehaut had a part in this murder] ;
7. Thierry II and his three sons [Thierry died of dysentery, and 8-10. his three sons were massacred on the order of Clotaire II himself]. For 3 days, Clotaire II personally tortures Brunehaut, then he parades her tied cross-wise to the back of a camel in front of his entire assembled army. Finally, he had her hair, and limbs tied to a wild horse which was allowed to run within a confined space while being beaten, therebye causing every limb to be broken and shortly thereafter she died at age 60 to 65. At this time, Clotaire II becomes the only surviving descendant of the sons of Clovis. He governs the Frankish Kingdom from the Pyrenees to the Rhine and beyond all the way to the Elbe, and the germanic peoples must pay him tribute. However, his power is limitted as in each of the three ancient kingdoms [Austrasia, Neustria and Burgundy] the Major Domus [Mayor of the Palace] becomes progressively more important. Submitting to the pressure of these mayors, Clotaire, Clotaire II on 23 January 623 makes his son Dagobert, King of occidental Austrasia [West of the Vosges and the Ardennes] as well as of Aquitaine. Again under pressure, in 626, Clotaire gives Dagobert Gomatrude [his wife's sister] as spouse. Three days after the wedding, Dagobert claims all of Austrasia was his, but Clotaire keeps control over Provence and Aquitaine. Married before 603: Bertrude . Married before 604: Haldetrude ; Haldetrude was one of three wives.

Chlotar married Haldetrude ²⁷⁵⁵ in 1st Wife. Haldetrude was born about 585 in France.

The child from this marriage was:

8237453897860 i. Dagobert I King Of AUSTRASIA (born in 605 in Austrasia Now Germany - died on 19 January 638-39 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France)

Chlotar next married Beretrudis Of The BURGUNDY before 607 in 2ND Wife. Beretrudis was born about 582 in Bourgogne, France and died in 618 in France about age 36.

The child from this marriage was:

8237453897864 i. Charibert II King Of AQUITAINE (born about 607 in Neustria - died in 631 in Blaye, Aquitaine, France (Assassinated))

Chlotar next married Sichilde (Brynhilde) before 624 in 3rd Wife. Sichilde was born about 595 in France.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948933 i. Oda Of The FRANKS (born about 626 in France)

8237453897867. Sichilde (Brynhilde) was born about 595 in France.

Sichilde married Chlotar II King Of SOISSONS & West Franks ²⁷⁵⁵ ^,3296 before 624 in 3rd Wife. Chlotar was born in May 584 in Soissons, Aisne, Picardy, France,^³²⁹⁶ died on 18 October 629 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France ^³²⁹⁶ at age 45, and was buried in St Vincent Abbey, Paris, Seine, France. Another name for Chlotar was Chlothaire II King Of West FRANKS.

8237453897868. Saint Arnulf Mayor Of Palace AUSTRASIA Bishop Of Metz,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3413 ^,3414 son of Bodegeisel II Governor Of AQUITAINE and Oda Of SUEVIA, was born on 13 August 582 in Heristal, Liege, Belgium,^³⁴¹⁴ died on 18 July 640 in Remiremont, France ^{³⁴¹³^,3414} at age 57, and was buried in Church Of Apostles In Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Another name for Arnulf was Arnoul De HERISTAL.

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Birth: Alt. Birth, Abt 580, Nancy, Meurthe-Et-Moselle, Lorraine, France. ³⁴¹³

8237453897869. Dode Clothilde De HERISTAL,³⁴¹⁴ daughter of Arnoldus Bishop Of METZ and Bertha Of KENT, was born about 583 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France, died in 650 in Treves, Rhenish Prussia, Germany about age 67, and was buried in 1612 - Became A Nun In Treves.^³⁴¹⁴

8237453897996. Houching Of ALAMANNIA,³⁴²² son of Godefroy Duke Of ALAMANNIA and Unknown, was born about 665 in Bavaria, Germany and died about 744 ^³⁴²² about age 79.

Houching married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726948998 i. Hnabi Duke Of ALAMANNIA (born about 690 in Bavaria, Germany - died in 788)

8237453898180. Charles MARTEL Mayor Of The Palace Of Austrasia,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,2151 ^,3272 ^,3273 son of Pepin II Mayor Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA and Concubine 1 Alpaide AUSTRASIA, was born in 676 in Of, Heristal, , Neustria,^{⁹⁰²^,3272^,3274} died on 15 October 741 in Cressy Sur Oise, Neustria ^{⁹⁰²^,3272^,3274} at age 65, and was buried in Monastère DE Saint Denis, Saint Denis, France. Another name for Charles was Charles "The Hammer" MARTEL.

General Notes:
Victor over the Saracens at Tours, Poitiers.

Carolingian ruler of the Frankish kingdom of Austrasia (in present northeastern France and southwestern Germany). Charles, whose surname means the hammer, was the son of Pepin of Herstal and the grandfather of Charlemagne. Pepin was mayor of the palace under the last kings of the Merovingian dynasty. When he died in 714, Charles, an illegitimate son, was imprisoned by his father's widow, but he escaped in 715 and was proclaimed mayor of the palace by the Austrasians. A war between Austrasia and the Frankish kingdom of Neustria (now part of France) followed, and at the end of it Charles became the undisputed ruler of all the Franks. Although he was engaged in wars against the Alamanni, Bavarians, and Saxons, his greatest achievements were against the Muslims from Spain, who invaded France in 732. Charles defeated them near Poitiers in a great battle in which the Muslim leader, Abd-ar-Rahman, the emir of Spain, was killed. The progress of Islam, which had filled all Christendom with alarm, was thus checked for a time. Charles drove the Muslims out of the Rhone valley in 739, when they had again advanced into France as far as Lyon, leaving them nothing of their possessions north of the Pyrenees beyond the Aude River. Charles died in Quierzy, on the Oise River, leaving the kingdom divided between his two sons, Carloman (circa 715-54) and Pepin the Short.

SOURCES:
Charles Martel (Andre Roux: Scrolls, 191.)

(Paul, Nouveau Larousse Universel.)

(Rosamond, Frankish kingdom under Carolingians.)

(Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 129, Line 171-43.)

(Andre Castelot, Histoire de La France, Tome 1, Pages 271 - 273, 369).

Born: in 686 in Chateau de Franchemont, Belgium, son of Pepin II d'Heristal and Aupais=Alpaide N? , The Chateau de Franchemont is near Spa and also Verviers, which may have encompassed Heristal. During World War II, the resistance used the tunnels under the castle to hide people and supplies from the German hordes.

Married before 715: Rotrude=Chrotrud, Duchesse d'Austrasie , daughter of Saint Lievin=Leutwinus, Bishop de Treves and N. d'Istrie. Note - between 715 and 741: Toward the end of 715, Charles escaped from the prison his step-grandmother had locked him in, and rallies the Austrasians. In March, 716, however, in his first conflict with the Frisons who were edging their way up the Rhine, Charles is routed. A few weeks later, he is able to beat the Neustrians on the Ambeve River, near Malmedy. on 21 March 717, he is victorious over the Neustrians again, this time at Vincy, near Cambrai and he forces Chilperic II and his Mayor of the Palace, Rainfroi to flee to Paris. In 714, Charles takes the title Mayor of the Palace of Neustria, and gives the Neustrians a new King, Clotaire IV, son of Thierry III [who had died in 691] . The same year, his armies ravage Saxe all the way to the Weser River. In early 719, Clotaire IV died, and Rainfroi and Chilperic II obtain the assistance of Eudes, Duke of Aquitaine in a campaign against Charles. Charles defeats both armies; however, since Clotaire IV is dead, Charles recognizes Chilperic, but he becomes the Major Domus of both Neustria and Austrasia. When Chilperic II died in 721, Charles pulled Thierry IV, young adolescent son of Dagobert III, out of the Monastery of Chelles. from 722 to 724, the arabs mount successful offensives and pillage Autun. Charles, worried about maintaining the Franc authority, Charles Martel mounts a frightfully succesful campaign in Bavaria against the Allemanians and the Frisons, and he destroys their temples. Theutbald, Duke of the Allemanians is essentially powerless. In Gaule, toward the end of the decade, Charles turns his attention to Eudes, Duke of Aquitaine, who had maintained too independent an attitude. Aquitaine is ravaged in the process. In 730, Eudes allies himself with an Emir of northern Spain, Othmann ben Abi-Nessa and the arabs agin a foothold in southern France. By 732, a new emir, Adb-el-Rahman invades from Pampelona, cross the Pyrenees near Roncevaux, take and pillage Bordeaux, burning all the churches. In the Summer, they take Poitiers and destroy the basilica of Saint-Hilaire-hors-les-murs. On Saturday 17 October 732, Charles Martel's armies take the great Roman way linking Chatellerault to Poitiers and at 20 km North of Poitiers, at Moussais-la-Bataille, it encounters the arabs. They would observe each other for 7 days before the Battle of Poitiers would take place.

The Battle of Poitiers: One Chronicler, Fredegaire described the action as follows: "Duke Eudes, being viewed with derision throughout his lands, called against Prince Charles and the nation of the Francs, that most perfidious race of the Sarrasins [that is not accurate as Eudes had first allied himself with an Emir, but then called upon Charles for aid when events turned on him] . The Sarrasins, led by their King, Abd-el-Rahman cross Gerona [another error as they set out from Pampelona and crossed the pyrenees at Roncevaux] . After having burned the churches, and crushed the population, they arrive in Poitiers. When they burn the Basilica and destroy the residence of Saint Martin, Prince Charles put into action an audacious plan and the order of Battle is given. With the aid of Jesus Christ, our Lord, our valorous Prince destroys their tents and flies into combat to crush them..."

A less glorious account is given by a monk of the Abbey of Moissac:

"The King of Spain, Abd-el-Rahman, having crossed the Pyrenees with his large army from Pampelona, laid siege to Bordeaux. Then Eudes, Prince of Aquitaine, leading his large assembled army fought against the Sarrasins on the banks of the Garonne. But, from the beginning, the Sarrasins were victorious. Eudes, having to flee, recruited the assistance of Charles, Prince of the Francs. Then Charles led his armies and combat ensued in the suburbs of Poitiers [the actual battle took place 20 km North of Poitiers] . The Sarrasins having been beaten by the Francs, and their King, Abd-el-Rahman killed, fled in a most disorderly manner back to Spain. As to Charles, he returned triumphantly to France with the bounty..."

The Moslems have named that field of Battle: Balad-al-Shouhada -- Place of the Martyrs of the Faith. This victory gave Charles Martel extraordinary prestige, and it is there that he is said to have crushed the arabs "like a hammer". He then occupied the Bourgogne (Burgundy) and pacified the Languedoc, and Provence, thus establishing a significant French Monarchy. He exiled the family of Eucharic of Orleans, who controlled the bishopric of Auxerre, to Hesbaye, and installed his own man, Aimar to the Holy See. Married before 726: Sunnichild de Baviere. Buried: in Oct 741 in Saint Denis, Seine, Ile-de-France, France. Died: on 22 Oct 741 in Kiersy=Quierzy, Aisne, France, Upon Charles Martel's death, his two sons divide the Kingdom in accordance with his wishes. Carloman gets Austrasia, Allemania and Thuringia; Pepin gets Neustria, Burgundy and Provence. The rest, very little, went to Grifon, a bastard child of Charles by Swannhilde, grand-daughter of the Duke of the Bavarians.

Charles married Mrs-Carloman Of The Palace Of AUSTRASIA ¹⁶⁰¹ in Not Married. Mrs-Carloman was born about 568 in Of, Belgium and died in Y.

Charles next married Duchess Of Austrasia Rotrude (Chrotude)(Sonichilde) TREVES ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3275 about 712 in 1st Wife. Rotrude was born about 690 in Austrasia, France and died about 724 ^³²⁷⁵ about age 34.

Charles next married Swanhilde Of BAVARIA,²¹⁵¹ daughter of Grimaldo II Of BAVARIA and Viletrude, before 718 in No Marriage. Swanhilde was born about 700 in Bavaria, Germany.

8237453898181. Duchess Of Austrasia Rotrude (Chrotude)(Sonichilde) TREVES,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3275 daughter of Leutwinus Bishop Of TREVES St Lievin and Willigarde De AGILOFINGES, was born about 690 in Austrasia, France and died about 724 ^³²⁷⁵ about age 34.

Rotrude married Charles MARTEL Mayor Of The Palace Of Austrasia ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,2151 ^,3272 ^,3273 about 712 in 1st Wife. Charles was born in 676 in Of, Heristal, , Neustria,^{⁹⁰²^,3272^,3274} died on 15 October 741 in Cressy Sur Oise, Neustria ^{⁹⁰²^,3272^,3274} at age 65, and was buried in Monastère DE Saint Denis, Saint Denis, France. Another name for Charles was Charles "The Hammer" MARTEL.

8237453898182. Alard,³³⁹⁴ son of Lambert I Count Of BURGUNDY and Unknown, was born about 670 in Austrasia, Flanders Now Belgium.

General Notes: Alard, brother of Garnier who was ancestor of the Margraves of Spoleto. [Ancestral Roots]

Alard married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726949091 i. Daughter Of ALARD (born about 715 in Austrasia, Flanders Now Belgium)

8237453898240. Sighart King Of SAXONY was born about 675 in Saxony, Germany.

Sighart married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726949120 i. Dietrich King Of SAXONY (born about 700 in Saxony, Germany)

8237453898248. Olaf "The Wood Cutter" Ingjaldsson SWEDEN King Of Vestfold,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3346 ^,3423 son of Ingjald "Ill-Ruler" Anundsson King Of SWEDES and Gauthild Algautsdotter SWEDEN, was born about 682 in Vermaland, Vestfold, Norway and died in 710 ^³³⁴⁶ about age 28.

General Notes:
The kinly line [of Norway], which Snorri [Sturlusson, 13th century historian] traces claimed descent from the ancient Yngling kings who ruled at Uppsala in Sweden. Their legendary Yngling ancestor was Olof Tretelgia Ingjaldsson, who had escaped the aftermath of his father's conflagration by fleeing to Norway.

Her King Olof earned his nickname, which means "the Woodcutter", by clearing the forest and cultivating the land. He named his new domain Varmland and such a large group of Swedes followed him there "that the land could not give them sustenance."

After a season of bad harvests, the woodcutting king was sacrificed to Odin so that his people might have good crops. He was succeeded by his son Halfdan Whiteleg, who is said to have extended his rule over much of southern Norway.

[Royal Families of Medieval Scandinavia, Flander & Kiev]

Olaf married Solveig Halfdansdotter SWEDEN ¹⁶⁰¹ about 701 in Of, Romerike, Buskerud, Norway. Solveig was born about 684 in Soleyum, Solisles, Sweden and died in Y.

Children from this marriage were:

i. Ingjald Olafsson NORWAY was born about 702 in Romerike, Buskerud, Norway and died in Y.

4118726949124 ii. King In Uppsala Halfdan "White Leg" OLAFSSON (born in 704 in , Romerike, Buskerud, Norway - died in 750)

iii. Asa OLAFSDATTER was born about 706 in , Romerike, Buskerud, Norway and died in Y.

8237453898249. Solveig Halfdansdotter SWEDEN,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 daughter of Halfdan "Goldtooth" SOLFASSON and Mrs-Halfdan SOLFASSON, was born about 684 in Soleyum, Solisles, Sweden and died in Y.

General Notes:
Asa Eysteinsdottir and her husband Halfdan "White-leg" both have mothers named Solveig Halfdandsdottir. Apparently they are two different people. The ancestry of Asa's mother is unknown.

Solveig married Olaf "The Wood Cutter" Ingjaldsson SWEDEN King Of Vestfold ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3346 ^,3423 about 701 in Of, Romerike, Buskerud, Norway. Olaf was born about 682 in Vermaland, Vestfold, Norway and died in 710 ^³³⁴⁶ about age 28.

8237453898250. King Of Hedmark Eystein "Haardaade" Throndsson NORWAY,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3347 son of Thrond NORWAY and Daughter Of Sigurd "Ring" DENMARK, was born about 679 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway and died in 710 in , , , Norway ^²⁰⁶⁹ about age 31.

Eystein married Solveig Halfdansdatter NORWAY ¹⁶⁰¹ about 699 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway. Solveig was born in 670 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.

Children from this marriage were:

4118726949125 i. Asa Eysteinsdatter NORWAY (born about 708 in Of, , Uppland, Norway - died in Y)

8237453752580 ii. Hogne Eysteinsson NORWAY Jarl Of Trondheim (born about 700 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway)

iii. Frode EYSTEINSSON was born about 702 in Of, Trondheim, Sor-Trondelag, Norway and died in Y.

iv. Hodne EYSTEINSSON was born about 704 in Of, Trondheim, Sor Trondelag, Norway and died in Y.

8237453898251. Solveig Halfdansdatter NORWAY ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 was born in 670 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.

General Notes:
Asa Eysteinsdottir and her husband Halfdan "White-leg" both have mothers named Solveig Halfdansdottir. Apparently they are two different people. The ancestry of Asa's mother is unknown.

@@check ancestry

Solveig married King Of Hedmark Eystein "Haardaade" Throndsson NORWAY ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3347 about 699 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway. Eystein was born about 679 in Trondheim, Domkirke, Sor-Trondelag, Norway and died in 710 in , , , Norway ^²⁰⁶⁹ about age 31.

8237453898252. Agnar Sigtrygsson NORWAY,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 ^,3346 son of Sigtryg DENMARK and Unknown, was born in 693 in , Vestfold, Norway.

Agnar married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726949126 i. Eirik Agnarsson NORWAY (born about 715 in Of, , Vestfold, Norway)

8237453898672. Randver Radbartsson DENMARK Prince,⁶⁶² ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3401 son of Radbart SKIRTASSON King Of Garderige and Aud "Deep Minded" Ivarsdatter DENMARK Princess, was born in 670 of Lethra, Denmark and died in 770 of Garderige, Russia at age 100.

General Notes:
Prince of Garderige-Russia; b.c. 670, son of Radbart, King of Garderige-Russia and Aud Ivarsson; father of Sigurd Ring Randversson. [GRS CD#100]

Son of Radbart, King of Garderige-Russia, and Aud, Princess of Sweden; father of Sigurd Randversson who m. Alfhild Gandolfsson. [WFT Vol 5 Ped 3563]

Prince of Garderige-Russia; son of Radbard, King of Garderige-Russia, and Aud, Princess of Sweden; father of Sigurd Randversson who m. Alfhild Gandolfsson. [WFT Vol 5 Ped 3563]

Son of Radbard and Auda; father of Sigurd 'Ring' Randversson who m. Alfhild Gandolfsdatter. [Andrew Waite <[email protected], 25 Aug 2001]

b. 670, Denmark. Son of Radbart and Aud IV Arsson; father of Sigurd Randversson who m. Alfhild Gandolfsson. [<[email protected], 25 Aug 2001]

Son of Radbard Fürst in Russland and Aud Ivarsdottir; m. Godfredsdotter; father of Sigurd I Hring Sverigne av Uppsala, König von Dänemark, who m. Alfhild Gandolfdottir av Alfheim. [Dirk Peters <[email protected], 15 Jul 2002]

Randver married Mrs. Randver Radbartsson DENMARK ¹⁶⁰¹ about 709 in Of, , , Denmark. Mrs. was born about 674 in Of, , , Denmark and died in Y.

The child from this marriage was:

4118726949336 i. King Of Sweden Sigurd "Ring" Randversson DENMARK (born about 730 in Of, , , Denmark - died in 812)

8237453898673. Mrs. Randver Radbartsson DENMARK ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 was born about 674 in Of, , , Denmark and died in Y.

Mrs. married Randver Radbartsson DENMARK Prince ⁶⁶² ^,1601 ^,3401 about 709 in Of, , , Denmark. Randver was born in 670 of Lethra, Denmark and died in 770 of Garderige, Russia at age 100.

8237453898674. Gandolf Alfgeirsson King In NORWAY,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1746 son of King Vingulmork Alfgeir NORWAY and Unknown, was born about 710 in Vingulmork, Hedmark, Norway and died in Y.

Gandolf married.

Children from this marriage were:

4118726949337 i. Alfhild Gandolfsdatter DENMARK (born about 735 in Of, , , Denmark - died in Y)

ii. Hysing Gandolfsson NORWAY was born about 737 in Of, , , Denmark and died in Y.

iii. Helsing Gandolfsson NORWAY was born about 739 in , , Denmark and died in Y.

iv. Haki Gandolfsson NORWAY was born about 741 in , , Denmark and died in Y.

8237454138664. Boso I Count Of ITALY ⁹⁰² ^,2400 was born about 730 in Turin, Italy. Another name for Boso was Boso I Count Of TURIN.

Boso married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727069332 i. Boso II Count Of ITALY (born about 770 in Turin, Italy - died after 826)

8237454165122. Charles II "The Bald" HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,2112 ^,2948 ^,2951 ^,3132 ^,3134 ^,3230 son of Louis I "The Pious" Emperor HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE Calolingian and Empress Of Holy Roman Emp Judith Altdorf The Fair, Princess Of BAVARIA, was born on 15 May 823 in Frankfurt, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia,^{³¹³²^,3133^,3134} died on 6 October 877 in Brides-Les-Bains, Savoie, Rhone-Alpes, France ^{³¹³²^,3133^,3134} at age 54, and was buried in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France. Other names for Charles were Charles II "The Bald" King Of FRANCE, Charles Ii, King De FRANCE,³¹³⁵ Charles Ii, and King De FRANCEAKA.³¹³³

General Notes:
(Andre Roux: Scrolls,191.)
(Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, Page 130, Line 171-39.)
(Rosamond, Frankish kingdom under Carolingians, Page 180.)
(Paul, Nouveau Larousse Universel.)
(Andre Castelot, Histoire de La France, Tome 1, Pages 369, 387).

AKA: Charles II, Emperor of the West. AKA: Charles II, King de Bourgogne. AKA: Charles II, King of Italy. Also Known As: Charles "Le Chauve".

Born: on 13 Jun 823 in Francfort-sur-le-Main, Germany, son of Louis I, King de France and Judith de Baviere , Some sources assert King Charles II was born in the year 829.

Note - between 824 and 875 in France: The birth of Charles II in 823 did not at first excite jealousy or rivalry among his brothers. In 829, Charles was granted the region of Alemannia, Rhaetia and part of Burgundy. In 837, his Father Louis I "Le Debonnaire", by arrangement with Louis the German and Pepin gave Charles the land West of the Meuse, Burgundy, Chartres and Paris together with all the bishops, abbots and counts who held benefices in these territories. A portion of Neustria was added in 838, and upon Pepin's death, Louis Le Pieux made Charles King of Aquitaine. On 24 July 840, the new Emperor, Lothar, in Strasburg, refuses to support the land claims of Charles (from the agreement of Worms on 30 May 839). The two brothers, Louis and Charles, unite against Lothar and the War of the Three Brothers begins. Meanwhile, on 12 May 841, the Normands ravage Rouen and all the localities along the Seine, increasing their wealth considerably. At Fontenoy-en-Puisaye (24 June 841), Charles defeats his brothers Lothar (in spite of the arrival of the Army of Aquitaine in the Imperial ranks -- and at a total loss of 40,000 lives at the battle) and Louis Le Germanique. Charles and Louis signed an alliance on 14 February 842 at Strasbourg. Leaving Strasbourg, the two brothers defeat the imperial army of Lothar just West of Comblence. Lothar leaves Aix-le-Chapelle precipitously, pursued by the two brothers. In Mellecey, not far from Chalon-sur-Saone, Lothar proposes a plan to establish perpetual peace which is acceptable to both Louis and Charles. On 15 June, they sign the preliminary peace document. On 1 October 842, each of them sends 40 commissioners to Metz to forge the official document. Prudence, the Bishop of Troyes, notes that Louis regained Germania in the East, Lothar gets the middle part of the Franc Kingdom, including Italy, and Charles obtains the Western lands (West of the Rhone, including Soissons). After that Charles goes to the Palace in Quierzy, where he marries Ermentrude.

Charles signed the Treaty of Verdun (843) which split the Kingdom of Charlemagne. By the Treaty, the destiny of Occidental Europe would be heavily influenced to this day. Louis obtains all lands East of the Rhine, including the cities of Spire, Worms, Mayence. Lothar gets all the lands extending between the Rhine and the Escaut, the Cambresis, the Hainaut, the country of Mezieres, and all the countships neighboring the Meuse, through the Saone and the Rhone, the Artois and Italy. Charles got all the lands East all the way to Spain. The Kingdom of Charlemagne thus was split forever, with the most serious rift between the germanic lands of Louis, and the French lands of Charles. The intervening lands extending from Frisia to Rome, from the North Sea to the Mediterranean including what would become Holland, Belgium, Lorraine and Switzerland would become a sore point of contention between these two peoples. The only thing that mattered to Lothar was the fact that both capitals (Aix and Rome) were located within his territory, thus legitimizing the title of Emperor.

Meanwhile, the Normands pillage Nantes and lower Aquitaine. Charles laid siege to Toulouse in vain (May to July 844). The Normands led by Ragnar Lodbrog arrive in Paris and must be heavily bribed to leave. Other Normand armies ravage Toulouse and Bordeaux (burned to the ground in 848). On 6 May 848, Duke Nomenoe proclaims the indepence of the Church of Bretagne and the following year proclaims himself King of Bretagne. Charles fought Brittany (Bretagne) in 845-851 and was victorious. Not liking Pepin II, the people of Aquitaine request Charles' help, and he obliges by accepting the Crown, and on 6 June 848 is consecrated King of Aquitaine, though he could not defend his kingdom against the Normands. He had Charles of Aquitaine jailed (849 in Corbie). In 850 Charles attacks Bretagne and leaves a garrison in Rennes. No sooner does he leave, that Nomenoe takes the city and then takes Nantes as well. The next year, Nomenoe ravages Maine, but, fortunately for Charles, the King of Bretagne dies suddenly on 7 March in Vendome. Charles has Pepin II locked in the Monastery of Saint-Medard de Soissons in 852. The Normands under Godfrid pillage Tours and Angers and penetrate via the Valley of Escaut all the way to the Seine. The loyalty of Aquitaine shifts in 853, and Louis the German is called upon to help against Charles le Chauve. He in turn defeats Louis and offers Aquitaine his son by Ermentrude, Charles, who would be crowned sovereign in Limoges in October 855. Both Pepin II and Charles d'Aquitaine escape raise armies against Charles le Chauve. Charles fought against Louis for Lorraine (859, 870 [Treaty of Mersen] and 875).

When Louis le Germanique becomes ill in 869 near Rastisbonne, shortly after his nephew Lothar II died, Charles see the opportunity to claim his heritage as Uncle of the deceased. He has himself annointed King of Lorraine in Metz on 9 September, by the Bishop Hincmar. In March, 867, Charles d'Aquitaine dies, and his father Charles le Chauve is recognized as King by the Assembly in Pouilly-sur-Loire. Upon the death of his nephew, Lothar II on 8 August 869, Charles sped to Lotharingia and had himself crowned King of Lotharingia annointed on 9 September in the cathedral at Metz by Bishop Adventius of Metz and Archbishop Hincmar of Rheims. In 9 August 870, through the Treaty of Meerseen, Louis "Le Germanique" and Charles "Le Chauve" reach an agreeable compromise whereby they divide the lands of Lothar II between themselves, leaving Louis II no part of the inheritance. As soon as Louis II died on 12 August 875, Charles rushed to Italy and received the imperial crown and is annointed by Pope John VIII on 25 December 875. In Pavia on 5 January 876, by acclamation of the counts and nobles of Italy, Charles becomes King of Italy. On 31 January 876, the Archbishop of Milan proclaims Charles as Emperor. The French ecclesiasticals and nobles, having some misgivings about Charles' ability to take care of his Kingdom meet in Ponthion. Charles joins them dressed in the attire of the Frankish King. As soon as they declare him elected and recognize his imperial authority, Charles donned the Byzantine crown, and purple vestment of emperor. When Louis le Germanique dies on 28 August 876, Charles claims Lorraine as his own. While on an expedition in Italy against the Sarrasins, through the specific request of Pope Jean VIII, Charles le Chauve dies at the foot of Mount Cenis.

Married on 13 Dec 842 in Quierzy-sur-Oise, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France: Ermentrude d'Orleans , daughter of Odon=Eudes, Count d'Orleans and Ingeltrude de Paris; Ermentrude was crowned Queen of France in 866, having already produced a number of children including 6 sons but none of them was satisfactory as far as Charles Le Chauve was concerned. By September 866, four of them were dead.

Married on 25 Nov 869 in Aix-la-Chapelle, France: Richilde de Bourgogne, daughter of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'Arles; The honeymoon is short-lived, as Louis le Germanique demands, as part of his heritage from the death of his nephew Lothar II, a part of Lorraine. Died: on 6 Oct 877 in Avrieux, Dauphine, France, at age 54 Charles II is buried at Saint Denis although originally he was buried in Nantua. Before expiring, he named his son, Louis Le Begue as his successor, and the Empress Richilde, crowned by Pope Jean VIII earlier that year, is charged with taking the royal garbs and sword to her step-son.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 875-877.

Charles married Queen Of The West Franks Ermentrude D' ORLEANS ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,2112 ^,3231 on 14 December 842 in Crecy, France ³¹³⁵.^,3231 Ermentrude was born on 27 September 830 in Orleans, Loiret, Orleanais/Centre, France,^{²¹⁴⁷^,3133} died on 6 October 869 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France ^{³¹³³^,3231} at age 39, and was buried in St Denis, Aude, France. Another name for Ermentrude was Hermentrude.

Charles next married Richaut Of METZ,³¹³⁴ daughter of Budwine (Bouin\Beuvesde) Count Of Italy & METZ and Richilde Of ARLES, on 25 November 870.³¹³⁴ Richaut was born about 845 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France.

Charles next married Queen Of The West Franks Richilde Countess Of METZ (ARDENNES) ¹⁶⁰¹ from 22 January 869 to 870 in Aix La Chapelle, , France. Richilde was born in <Frankfurt, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia> and died in Y.

Charles next married Richildis Of The WEST FRANKS,³¹³⁴ daughter of Budwine (Bouin\Beuvesde) Count Of Italy & METZ and Richilde Of ARLES, on 25 November 870 ¹⁴³⁶.^,3134 Richildis was born about 850 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Another name for Richildis was Richilde.

8237454165123. Queen Of The West Franks Ermentrude D' ORLEANS,⁴¹⁵ ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,1784 ^,2112 ^,3231 daughter of Odo (Eudes) I Comte D' ORLEANS and Countess Of Orleans INGELTRUDE, was born on 27 September 830 in Orleans, Loiret, Orleanais/Centre, France,^{²¹⁴⁷^,3133} died on 6 October 869 in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France ^{³¹³³^,3231} at age 39, and was buried in St Denis, Aude, France. Another name for Ermentrude was Hermentrude.

Ermentrude married Charles II "The Bald" HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,1784 ^,2112 ^,3132 ^,3134 on 14 December 842 in Crecy, France ³¹³⁵.^,3231 Charles was born on 15 May 823 in Frankfurt, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia,^{³¹³²^,3133^,3134} died on 6 October 877 in Brides-Les-Bains, Savoie, Rhone-Alpes, France ^{³¹³²^,3133^,3134} at age 54, and was buried in St Denis, Paris, Ile-DE-France, France. Other names for Charles were Charles II "The Bald" King Of FRANCE, Charles Ii, King De FRANCE,³¹³⁵ Charles Ii, and King De FRANCEAKA.³¹³³

8237454165248. Adalbert II "The Rich" Duke Di Lucca & TUSCANY,⁴¹⁵ ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3138 son of Bonifacio Of TUSCANY and Unknown, was born about 860 in Lucca, Tuscany, Italy and died on 17 August 915 ^{³¹³⁸^,3185^,3186} about age 55.

General Notes: Margrave of Tuscany.

Note: At one time I had Adalbert's son Gui born by an unknown first wife, because according to Turton, some of Gui's descendants were born too early for Gui to be born from an "aft. 896" marriage. But I find no source indicating an earlier marriage (however likely) for Adalbert. Therefore I adjusted Turton's birth dates for some of Gui's descendants to be as much as 20 years later. @@check ancestry

Adalbert married Bertha Princess Of LORRAINE Abbess Of Avenay ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3182 ^,3183 after 896 in 2ND Husband.³¹⁸⁴ Bertha was born in 863 in Lorraine, France,^{³¹⁸¹^,3183} died from 8 March 924 to 925 in Lucca, Tuscany, Italy ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,3181^,3183} at age 61, and was buried in Lucca. Other names for Bertha were Bertha CAROLING, Bertha De GERMANIE, and Bertha Of LOTHARINGIA.

8237454165249. Bertha Princess Of LORRAINE Abbess Of Avenay,⁴¹⁵ ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 ^,3182 ^,3183 daughter of Lothar II The Saxon, King Of LORRAINE and Queen Waldrada (Valtrude) Of LORRAINE, was born in 863 in Lorraine, France,^{³¹⁸¹^,3183} died from 8 March 924 to 925 in Lucca, Tuscany, Italy ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,3181^,3183} at age 61, and was buried in Lucca. Other names for Bertha were Bertha CAROLING, Bertha De GERMANIE, and Bertha Of LOTHARINGIA.

Bertha married Theobald I Count Of ARLES,¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3182 ^,3183 son of Herbert Marquis Of Transjuranian BURGUNDY and Unknown, about 879 in 1st Husband ³¹⁸¹.^,3183 Theobald was born about 860 in Arles, Bouches-Du-Rhone, Provence, France and died before 896 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,3184}. Another name for Theobald was Thibaud, Count Of ARLON.

Bertha next married Adalbert II "The Rich" Duke Di Lucca & TUSCANY ¹⁶⁰¹ ^,3138 after 896 in 2ND Husband.³¹⁸⁴ Adalbert was born about 860 in Lucca, Tuscany, Italy and died on 17 August 915 ^{³¹³⁸^,3185^,3186} about age 55.

8237454165250. Theophytactus Senator Of ROMAN EMPIRE ²⁴⁰⁰ ^,3349 was born about 865 in Rome, Italy and died in 926 in Rome, Italy about age 61.

Theophytactus married Theodora.³³⁴⁹ Theodora was born about 870 and died in 920 about age 50.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727082625 i. Marozia Senatrix & Patria Of ROMAN EMPIRE (born about 892 in Rome, Italy - died before 937 in Prison)

8237454165251. Theodora ³³⁴⁹ was born about 870 and died in 920 about age 50.

Theodora married Theophytactus Senator Of ROMAN EMPIRE ²⁴⁰⁰.^,3349 Theophytactus was born about 865 in Rome, Italy and died in 926 in Rome, Italy about age 61.

8237454165304. Hucbald Of BOLOGNA was born about 835 in Bologna, Italy.

Hucbald married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727082652 i. Ubaldo (Hubaldis) Of BOLOGNA (born about 862 in Bologna, Italy - died after 893)

8237454167808. Olnedobel Chief Of The MAGYAR was born about 770 in Dentumogeria, Central Asia.

Olnedobel married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727083904 i. Ogvek Chief Of The MAGYAR (born about 796 in Dentumogeria, Central Asia - died after 830)

8237454167810. Venedobel (Dinedobel) Chief Of The MAGYAR,³³⁹⁷ son of Avarius Chief Of The MAGYAR and Unknown, was born about 752 in Dentumogeria, Central Asia and died after 800 ^³³⁹⁷.

Venedobel married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727083905 i. Emese Of The MAGYAR (born about 800 in Dentumogeria, Central Asia)

8237454168016. Adalbert I Count Of Rhaetias & THURGAU,⁵⁰⁵ ^,2400 son of Hunfrid Count Of ISTRIA and Unknown, was born about 800 in Germany and died after 838.

Adalbert married.

Children from this marriage were:

4118727084008 i. Adalbert II Count In The Thurgau SCHERRAGAU (born in 825 in Germany - died on 8 January 899)

ii. Odalrich I Von SCHANNIS was born about 838 in Schanis, Zurich, Switzerland.

8237454168024. Adalbert II Count In The Thurgau SCHERRAGAU,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,2232 ^,2400 son of Adalbert I Count Of Rhaetias & THURGAU and Unknown, was born in 825 in Germany and died on 8 January 899 at age 74. Other names for Adalbert were Adalbert II Von RHATIEN, Adalbert Ii, and Count Of THURGOVIE.

Adalbert married Unknown First WIFE. Unknown was born about 827 in Germany.

Adalbert next married Judith (Ingeltrude) Of FRIULI ¹⁷⁸⁴ ^,2553 after 863 in 2ND Husband. Judith was born about 837 in Friuli, Italy and died after 853. Other names for Judith were Judith Of FRIAUL, Judith De FRIOUL, Judith Waldrada Of FRIULI, Jutte Of FRIULI, Jeutte. Grafin Von SEULICHGAU, Jhutte Von SHULICHGAU, and Judith Of The SULICHGAU.

8237454168025. Judith (Ingeltrude) Of FRIULI,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,1784 ^,2553 ^,2779 daughter of Marquis Eberhard Marchese Di FRIULI (UNRUOCHINGER) and Gisela, Imperial Princess Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE, was born about 837 in Friuli, Italy and died after 853. Other names for Judith were Judith Of FRIAUL, Judith De FRIOUL, Judith Waldrada Of FRIULI, Jutte Of FRIULI, Jeutte. Grafin Von SEULICHGAU, Jhutte Von SHULICHGAU, and Judith Of The SULICHGAU.

General Notes:
His [Heinrich I von Babenburg's] first wife was apparently an earlier Judith from the Unruoching family, daughter of the margrave Eberhard of Friuli and Gisela of Francia. [Ref: Peter Stewart 30 Apr 2002]

Noted events in her life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, After 2 April 840. ¹⁷⁸⁴

Judith married Conrad II Welf, Markgrave Of TRANJURANIAN BURGUNDY ²⁵³⁹ ^,2780 in 1st Husband. Conrad was born in 825 in Auxerre, Yonne, Bourgogne, France ^¹⁴⁴⁷ and died in 881 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2539} at age 56. Other names for Conrad were Conrad Ii, Count De AUXERRE, Konrad II Of AUXERRE, Konrad Ii, Count Of AUXERRE,²⁵⁴⁰ Conrad II Margrave Of TRANSJURANIA, Conrad Ii, and Duke Of TRANSURANAL BURGUNDY.

Judith next married Adalbert II Count In The Thurgau SCHERRAGAU ²²³² ^,2400 after 863 in 2ND Husband. Adalbert was born in 825 in Germany and died on 8 January 899 at age 74. Other names for Adalbert were Adalbert II Von RHATIEN, Adalbert Ii, and Count Of THURGOVIE.

Judith next married Heinrich Of Thuringia, King Of AUSTRASIA Margrave In Friesland,²⁵⁵³ son of Poppo I Count Of SAARGAU and Unknown, in 1st Wife.²⁵⁵³ Heinrich was born in 830 in Saargau, Bavaria, Germany, died on 28 August 886 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France (Slain In Battle) ^{²³¹⁸^,2550^,2553^,2556} at age 56, and was buried in St. Medard, Soissons.^²³¹⁸ Other names for Heinrich were Heinrich Margrave Of AUSTRASIA,¹⁷⁸⁴ Heinrich, Margrave Of AUSTRASIA,²³¹⁸ Heinrich, Dux AUSTRASIORUM, Heinrich, Margrave Of FRISIA, Heinrich Markgraf Of The NETHERLANDS,²⁵⁵⁰ Heinrich (Henry) Von SAARGAU, and Henry Of THURINGIA.

Noted events in his life were:

• Alt. Death: Alt. Death, 28 October 886. ¹⁷⁸⁴ ^,2550

8237455049031. N. N. Of BURGUNDY,¹⁴⁴⁴ daughter of Count Of Paris Conrad I King Of BURGUNDY and Matilda (Maud) Princess Of FRANCE.

N. married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727524515 i. Uta

8237455049250. Odalrich I Von SCHANNIS,⁵⁰⁵ son of Adalbert I Count Of Rhaetias & THURGAU and Unknown, was born about 838 in Schanis, Zurich, Switzerland.

Odalrich married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727524625 i. Hemma Von SCHANNIS (born about 870 in Schanis, Zurich, Switzerland)

8237455049280. Hardouin Count Of NEUSTRIA ⁴¹⁵ ^,1109 ^,1444 ^,1601 ^,1746 was born about 818 in Neustria, France and died in 862 ^³⁰⁹¹ about age 44.

Hardouin married.

8237455074816. Leszek, Prince Of POLAND, son of Ziemowit Prince Of POLAND and Unknown, was born between 930 and 940 in Of, Poznan, Poznan, Poland.

General Notes:
Lestko, Polish: Leszek is the second legendary duke of Poland, and son of Siemowit, born probably 930/940 Though proof of his actual existence is unclear, he had to have been a major figure in his time, due to the fact that before Poland existed as a state, the tribes that lived on its lands where referred to as "Lestkowici", which would suggest Lestko's influence over this area.
³⁴²⁴

Leszek, married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727537408 i. Ziemomysl, Prince Of POLAND (born about 892 in Of, Poznan, Poznan, Poland - died before 964)

8237455074820. Vratislav I, Duke Of BOHEMIA, son of Borivoj I Duke Of BOHEMIA and Ludmilla 'The Saint' Of PSOV, was born about 877 in Of, Prague, Czechoslovakia and died on 13 February 921 about age 44.

General Notes:

Vratislav married Drahomira Of STODAR. Drahomira was born about 881 and died in 937 about age 56.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727537410 i. Boleslav I, Duke Of BOHEMIA (born about 900 in Of, Prague, Czechoslovakia - died on 15 July 972)

8237455074821. Drahomira Of STODAR was born about 881 and died in 937 about age 56.

Drahomira married Vratislav I, Duke Of BOHEMIA. Vratislav was born about 877 in Of, Prague, Czechoslovakia and died on 13 February 921 about age 44.

8237455074832. Eberhard Count of Keldachgau & BONNGAU,⁵⁰⁵ son of Ehrenfried I Count of BONNGAU & Bleisgau and Adalgunde Of BURGUNDY, was born about 885 in Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany and died between 934 and 937 in Zuplich, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany about age 49. Another name for Eberhard was Eberhard Count Of KELDACHGAU & Bonngau.

Eberhard married Daughter Of Hermann Of AVALGAU. Daughter was born about 885 in Germany.

Children from this marriage were:

4118727537416 i. Ehrenfried II Count Of ZULPICHGAU (born about 910 in Zuplich, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany - died on 7 October 963)

ii. Dietrich Of DRENTHE was born about 912 in Assen, Drenthe, Netherlands and died after 964.

8237455074833. Daughter Of Hermann Of AVALGAU,⁵⁰⁵ daughter of Hermann Count Of AVALGAU and Unknown, was born about 885 in Germany.

Daughter married Eberhard Count of Keldachgau & BONNGAU. Eberhard was born about 885 in Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany and died between 934 and 937 in Zuplich, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany about age 49. Another name for Eberhard was Eberhard Count Of KELDACHGAU & Bonngau.

8237455074836. Hupald I Count Von DILLINGEN ⁵⁰⁵ was born about 860 in Dillingen, Saarland, Germany and died on 16 July 909 about age 49.

Hupald married Dietpirch Von RHATIEN. Dietpirch was born about 865.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727537418 i. Mangold I Count Von DILLINGEN (born about 900 in Dillingen, Saarland, Germany)

8237455074837. Dietpirch Von RHATIEN,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 daughter of Adalbert II Count In The Thurgau SCHERRAGAU and Judith (Ingeltrude) Of FRIULI, was born about 865.

Dietpirch married Hupald I Count Von DILLINGEN. Hupald was born about 860 in Dillingen, Saarland, Germany and died on 16 July 909 about age 49.

8237455074842. Rudolph II Of Burgundy, King Of ITALY,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,2539 ^,2909 ^,2913 son of Rudolph I King Of BURGUNDY and Gisele, was born in 888 in Bourgogne, France ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2539} and died on 11 July 937 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2323^,2539} at age 49. Another name for Rudolph was Rodolphe Ii, Roi De BOURGOGNE.

Rudolph married Bertha Von SWABIA ²⁵³⁹ ^,2913 about 922 ²³²³.^,2539 Bertha was born in 907 in Swabia, Germany ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2539} and died on 11 August 967 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,3145} at age 60. Other names for Bertha were Berthe, and Bertha Von SCHWABEN.

8237455074843. Bertha Von SWABIA,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,2539 ^,2909 ^,2913 daughter of Berkhard II Duke Of SWABIA and Regilinde De NULLENBURG, was born in 907 in Swabia, Germany ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2539} and died on 11 August 967 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,3145} at age 60. Other names for Bertha were Berthe, and Bertha Von SCHWABEN.

Bertha married Rudolph II Of Burgundy, King Of ITALY ²⁵³⁹ ^,2913 about 922 ²³²³.^,2539 Rudolph was born in 888 in Bourgogne, France ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2539} and died on 11 July 937 ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,2323^,2539} at age 49. Another name for Rudolph was Rodolphe Ii, Roi De BOURGOGNE.

Bertha next married Hugues D'arles King Of ITALY,³¹³⁸ ^,3147 ^,3148 son of Theobald I Count Of ARLES and Bertha Princess Of LORRAINE Abbess Of Avenay, on 12 December 937 ¹⁴⁴⁷.^,3145 Hugues was born about 880 in Arles, Bouches-Du-Rhone, Provence, France and died on 10 April 947 in Lucca, Tuscany, Italy ^{¹⁴⁴⁷^,3138^,3147} about age 67. Other names for Hugues were Hugo, Hugh D' ARLES King Of Italy, Hugues D'arles, Roi D' ITALIE, and Hugo Of PROVENCE.

8237455074844. Constantine VII Emperor Of BYZANTINE EMPIRE,⁴¹⁵ ^,505 ^,1444 ^,3322 son of Leon VI "The Wise" Mamikonid, Emperor Of BYZANTIUM and Zöe KARBONOPSINA, was born in September 905 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire ^{¹⁴³⁶^,3321^,3322} and died on 9 November 959 ^{¹⁴³⁶^,3322} at age 54.

Noted events in his life were:

• Ruled: 913-959

Constantine married Empress Helena Lecapena Of The BYZANTINE EMPIRE ¹⁷⁴¹ ^,3425 on 27 April 919 in Contstantinople, Turkey ¹⁴³⁶.^,3425 Helena was born in 906 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire and died on 19 September 961 at age 55.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727537422 i. Romanus II Emperor of BYZANTINE EMPIRE (born in 939 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire - died on 15 March 962-63)

8237455074845. Empress Helena Lecapena Of The BYZANTINE EMPIRE,⁵⁰⁵ ^,1741 ^,3425 daughter of Romanus I Emperor of BYZANTINE EMPIRE and Theodora, was born in 906 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire and died on 19 September 961 at age 55.

General Notes:
Married to Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitu (913-59), who raised her father, Romanus Lecapenus, to the rank of cæsar and the status of co-emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire and actual ruler of the state. In 944 two sons deposed him, but they were executed, and finally Constantine took over the reigns himself - though with heavy guidance from Helena. She retired to a convent after her husband's death, to please his son, Romanus, who was under the spell of his wife, Theophano.

Helena married Constantine VII Emperor Of BYZANTINE EMPIRE ³³²² on 27 April 919 in Contstantinople, Turkey ¹⁴³⁶.^,3425 Constantine was born in September 905 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire ^{¹⁴³⁶^,3321^,3322} and died on 9 November 959 ^{¹⁴³⁶^,3322} at age 54.

8237455074846. Anastaso of The BYZANTINE EMPIRE ⁵⁰⁵ was born in 912 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire.

Anastaso married.

The child from this marriage was:

4118727537423 i. Theophano of BYZANTINE EMPIRE (born about 940 in Constantinople, Byzantine Empire - died after 963)

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